Turkey won’t say genocide, but U documentary does
University film covers controversial Armenian genocide and garners Emmy
nomination
The Minnesota Daily
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By Don M. Burrows
Sept. 29, 2005
Armenian Genocide: 90 Years Later,” takes on one of the biggest
geopolitical controversies of the 20th century, even in its title: Was
the massacre of Armenians in 1915 an act of genocide?
The Republic of Turkey, the successor state of the Ottoman Empire that
carried out the killings, denies it was genocide, and has even banned
discussion in that vein.
The documentary, co-produced by the University’s Center for Holocaust
and Genocide Studies, uses interviews with historians and family members
of survivors to continue the discussion many avoid.
What is known is this: As many as 1.5 million Armenians were killed from
1915 to 1917 in an apparent depopulation strategy by the Young Turk
government. Much like Jews were singled out in Nazi Germany, Armenians –
an ethnic and religious minority of artisans and skilled laborers in
Turkish society – were removed from their homes and killed. The Turkish
government, however, claims the killings were part of ethnic clashes and
denies that so many were slain.
The most compelling part of the film is the testimony of those whose
families survived the killings. Many remember their parents telling of
the horrors of leaving their homes and hiding from Turkish officials,
and recount how a remembrance of the events of 1915 is now embedded in
Armenian identity.
The documentary features two University history professors, Eric Weitz
and Taner Akcam. Akcam is a Turkish historian who was jailed in the
1970s for broaching human rights. It first aired in April and has since
been nominated for an Upper Midwest Regional Emmy award in the News
Special category.
The timing couldn’t be better.
Just last weekend, a Turkish court canceled the academic conference that
was to occur at Bogazici University regarding this topic. The action
sparked a wave of protest from European leaders and Turkish officials
wary of bad press amid their bid for entrance into the European Union. A
previous conference was likewise banned in May amid comments from the
Turkish minister of justice, who called it treasonous.
Stephen Feinstein, director of the Center for Holocaust and Genocide
Studies, said more than 200 copies of the film have been distributed to
organizations and schools since its airing.
Feinstein said that although the current Turkish government is different
than the one that committed the slayings in 1915, it has been defiant in
recognizing it as genocide. This is despite a consensus among genocide
scholars and similar recognitions by state governments worldwide,
including the state of Minnesota. He attributes this to fears of
demanded reparations and damage to the Turkish Republic’s grand
narrative and national pride.
His main concern, and that of scholars worldwide, is that Turkey, a
supposedly free democracy, is suppressing academic discussion.
“In a democracy, you should be free to talk about the past,” Feinstein
said.
Weitz agreed, and said that while there are many Turks who accept that
genocide occurred, there are also those ideologues who fit their denial
of the genocide into their concurrent distaste for Turkey’s entrance
into the EU.
“When they challenge the ability of scholars to discuss these issues,
they are provoking the EU deliberately,” he said.
Feinstein said many documents from Turkey’s own archives prove that a
systematic killing took place, but are written in the Arabic script that
was replaced by the Latin alphabet after World War I. Consequently, many
Turkish government officials can’t even read them.
As stated in the documentary, German records are perhaps the best source
of information on the massacres, given Germany’s alliance with Turkey
during World War I.
It was the Nazis’ knowledge of the Armenians that contributed in part to
their own policy of extermination, scholars argue.
And those involved in the now Emmy-nominated film hope it will educate
the public so as to contradict Hitler’s famous quote in defense of his
genocidal plans: “Who remembers the Armenians?”
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