Louis de Bernieres’ latest novel, “Birds Without Wings”

National Public Radio (NPR)
SHOW: All Things Considered 9:00 AM EST NPR
September 7, 2004 Tuesday

Louis de Bernieres’ latest novel, “Birds Without Wings”

ANCHORS: ROBERT SIEGEL

REPORTERS: ALAN CHEUSE

ROBERT SIEGEL, host:

Readers and moviegoers know Louis de Bernieres as the author of the
story of “Captain Corelli’s Mandolin.” It’s set in a Greek village
during the occupation by Axis forces. His new book, “Birds Without
Wings,” is set earlier and across the Aegean Sea. Alan Cheuse has a
review.

ALAN CHEUSE reporting:

“Birds Without Wings” takes us to the Anatolian coastal village of
Eskibahce at the beginning of the 20th century. It’s a small but
thriving place with a multireligious and multiethnic population,
mainly Turks and Greeks, but also a number of Armenians and Kurds,
Muslims and Christians alike, and a lively market where one of the
main narrators, a potter named Iskander, sells his wares. The potter
is one of a number of multiple narrators telling us about the village
and its inhabitants, his son Karatavuk who grows up to become a
soldier and fights the British at Gallipoli, and the boy’s Christian
friend Mehmetcik, whom he teaches to write. And we also hear about
the village’s richest man, Rustem Bey, whose first wife betrays him
and who buys a concubine in an Istanbul brothel and brings her home
to Eskibahce.

And then there’s the Christian girl Philothei, so beautiful her
father has her put on a veil, and her homely friend Drosoula and
Mehmet, the tinsman, and Abdulhamid Hodja, the local imam, and his
beloved steed Nilafor(ph) and Leonidas, the dissident Greek teacher,
and George Upete Theodoru(ph), a local Greek entrepreneur, and the
disfigured squatter known as Dog who lives in some nearby ancient
caves and–well, this all must sound exhausting. But de Bernieres
portrays everyone in this large cast of characters quite memorably
and illuminates their intertwining lives and fates to make a
marvelously engaging story of a village and a place and a way of life
that’s broken only by a disastrous war, about which we learn a great
deal. It’s also the story of the rise of Kemal Ataturk, who turns his
patchwork country into a nation of some stature.

Among dozens and dozens of lovely chapter-length anecdotes, we hear
the origins of the naming of a character called Ali the Snow-bringer,
who makes a living hauling ice down from the mountains. On the day of
his birth, we learn, snow fell for the first time in nearly a
century, leaving behind a new child and a communal memory that has
the savor of those stories that tell of lost Edens and magical lands.
The entire book has that same savor.

SIEGEL: The book is “Birds Without Wings” by Louis de Bernieres. Our
reviewer is Alan Cheuse.

(Soundbite of music)

MICHELE NORRIS (Host): This is NPR, National Public Radio.

Iran y Armenia acuerdan construccion de gasoducto

Iran y Armenia acuerdan construccion de gasoducto

Deutsche Presse-Agentur
September 8, 2004, Wednesday

Erevan, 8 sep — Iran y Armenia acordaron la construccion de un
gasoducto en la primera visita del presidente irani, Mohammed Jatami,
a Erevan.

Por otra parte, Jatami destaco hoy junto a su colega armenio, Robert
Kocharyan, un acuerdo conjunto de amistad y cooperacion de ambos
paises vecinos.

Iran le dedica gran atencion a la estabilidad en el Caucaso, dijo
Jatami ante la prensa.

Las rutas economicas de Armenia en la region se ven recortadas por
Turquia y Azerbaiyan y depende urgentemente de Iran para el suministro
de energia.

ARKA News Agency – 09/08/2004

ARKA News Agency
Sept 8 2004

Visit of Iranian President in Armenia will be fruitful in the view of
development of bilateral relations – RA NA Speaker

Mankind must give adequate evaluation to all manifestations of
terrorism, Robert Kocharian

Joining of international efforts necessary for fight against
terrorism – Iranian President

Armenian and Iranian President favor peaceful settlement of Karabakh
conflict

Presentation of Armenian culture portal takes place in
Yerevan

Robert Kocharian: sure that realization of Armenian-Iranian energy
projects to obtain regions importance

Dutch Hummel Company to become a sponsor of Armenian national
football teams

Armenian PM receives Head of Mission of IMF in Armenia

Today Armenian and Iranian Presidents sign agreement on fundamentals
and principles of cooperation

RA Prime Minister and President of Iran to discuss issues of economic
and political cooperation

*********************************************************************

VISIT OF IRANIAN PRESIDENT IN ARMENIA WILL BE FRUITFUL IN THE VIEW OF
DEVELOPMENT OF BILATERAL RELATIONS – RA NA SPEAKER

YEREVAN, September 8. /ARKA/. Visit of Iranian President Mohammad
Hatami in Armenia will be fruitful in the view of development of
bilateral relations, RA NA Speaker Arthur Baghdasarian stated today
after the speech of Iranian President in Armenian Parliament.
According to the visit of Hatami will give new stimulus to bilateral
relations. L.D. –0—

*********************************************************************

MANKIND MUST GIVE ADEQUATE EVALUATION TO ALL MANIFESTATIONS OF
TERRORISM, ROBERT KOCHARIAN

YEREVAN, September 8. /ARKA/. The mankind must give adequate
evaluation to all manifestations of terrorism, as the Armenian
President Robert Kocharian stated on briefing held today in Yerevan.
The Head of the Armenian State also mentioned that “terrorism becomes
harsher and more brutal”. In his words, for the first time their
attacks were targeted at children that just became an instrument in
the hands of the terrorists. “One should not bear such crimes, it is
understandable that there are people that are ready to sacrifice
themselves for some purposes. But it is interesting whether they will
be ready to sacrifice their families and kids for the same purposes.
“I do not think, that they will be ready and if they are, it means
they are no more human beings.”, Kocharian stated. T.M. –0–

*********************************************************************

JOINING OF INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS NECESSARY FOR FIGHT AGAINST
TERRORISM – IRANIAN PRESIDENT

YEREVAN, September 8. /ARKA/. Joining of international efforts
necessary for fight against terrorism, the President of Iran Mohammad
Hatami stated today at the briefing in Yerevan, commenting terrorist
act in Beslan. According to him, “many terrorists try to commit a
terror act under cover of religion, which creates dangerous situation
and discredits the religion that promotes peace”. He said that it is
necessary to find and extirpate the very roots of terrorism. L.D.
–0–

*********************************************************************

ARMENIAN AND IRANIAN PRESIDENT FAVOR PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF KARABAKH
CONFLICT

YEREVAN, September 8. /ARKA/. Armenia President Robert Kocharian and
Iranian President Mohammad Khatami favor peaceful settlement of the
Karabakh conflict. As the Armenian President Press Service told ARKA
today, this was mentioned in joint statement of the heads of two
states. The sides highly appreciating direct negotiations of Armenian
and Azerbaijani Presidents at the same time expressed a hope that
they will promote prompt and final settlement of the issue that would
consider the current realties and to provide long-term and honorable
peace in the region. The Presidents mentioned that through deepening
and approaching of region’s countries’ interests it would be possible
to create favorable atmosphere for solution of existing conflicts on
Caucasus.
The sides also stressed the importance of continuation of contacts
among state servicemen of two countries around international and
regional issues. They also stressed the importance of UN and other
international structures in strengthening peace and security. T.M.
–0–
*********************************************************************

PRESENTATION OF ARMENIAN CULTURE PORTAL TAKES PLACE IN
YEREVAN

YEREVAN, September 8. /ARKA/. Presentation of Armenian culture portal
took place in Yerevan. According to the Chairman of
Association of Film Journalists and Critics Susanna Harutyunian, the
site is created on the base of Internet page of Arvest magazine.
“During two years of life of this page, we understood that Internet
has a lot of opportunities”, she said. According to Harutyunian today
the site contains news of culture, articles, schedules of seminars
and exhibitions, data base of culture organizations of Armenia, legal
articles and Government’s decisions in given field and forum. “We
hope that soon the number of visitors of our site will grow”, she
said.
The site was created on the initiative of the
Association in assistance with Open Society Institute Armenian
branch. L.D. –0—

*********************************************************************

ROBERT KOCHARIAN: SURE THAT REALIZATION OF ARMENIAN-IRANIAN ENERGY
PROJECTS TO OBTAIN REGIONS IMPORTANCE

YEREVAN, September 8. /ARKA/. RA President Robert Kocharian is
confident that realization of Armenian-Iranian energy projects will
obtain regions importance, he stated this at the briefing in Yerevan.
According to him, energy is one of the most important spheres of
bilateral cooperation of Armenia with Iran. “In given sphere we
already accumulated certain experience on the base of which we can
develop steps on cooperation of infrastructures in the sphere”,
Kocharian said.
Today the Presidents of Iran and Armenia Mohammad Hatami and Robert
Kocharian signed the agreement on basis and principles of
cooperation.
Iranian delegation headed with the President arrived today in
Yerevan. It is the first visit of Iranian President in Armenia. L.D.
–0—

*********************************************************************

DUTCH HUMMEL COMPANY TO BECOME A SPONSOR OF ARMENIAN NATIONAL
FOOTBALL TEAMS

YEREVAN, September 8. /ARKA/. Dutch Hummel Company will become a
sponsor of Armenian national football teams. According to the
President of Armenian Football Federation Ruben Airapetian, the
four-year agreement is signed with the company. He said that Hummel
will sponsor following Armenian football teams – women’s under 17
years, under 19 years, under 21 years and national team. He added
that the agreement was achieved “after long-lasting negotiations with
largest world companies” and the choice was determined with high
quality of company’s products and rich history of the company.
Airapetian called the agreement with Hummel “very successful” and
noted that AFF will do everything for creation of representation of
Hummel in Armenia. Besides, AFF will deal with advertising of the
company. Besides Hummel the sponsors of Armenian National Football
team are Zvartnots Airport, Tramondi Company, SIL-group. At this
Airapetian did not tell concrete sums of sponsor agreements.
The President of Hummel Soren Schriver in his turn added that the
company was founded in 1923 and is the oldest firm to issue sports
wear in the world. He said that sport is actively developing in
Armenia. He said that Hummel cooperates with such teams as Roma,
Benthic, Aston Villa and was a sponsor of Dutch National football
team for 25 years, as well as sponsored Dutch Olympic team. L.D. –0—

*********************************************************************

ARMENIAN PM RECEIVES HEAD OF MISSION OF IMF IN ARMENIA

YEREVAN, September 8. /ARKA/. The Armenian PM Andranik Margarian
received today the Head of Mission of IMF Enrique Gelbart and the
Permanent Representative of IMF in Armenia James McHugh. As the
Armenian Government Public and Press Relations Department told ARKA,
the Head of IMF assessed almost 10-year old cooperation of the
foundation with Armenian Government as quite productive, mentioning
that the purpose of the regular visit is continuation of the dialogue
and discussion a number of financial-economic issues of interest with
the executive power. The representatives of the IMF mentioned the
necessity of promotion of entrepreneurship, particularly small and
medium-sized business, relations between relevant state structures
and increasing of exchanged information. At that the PM presented his
approaches and relevant steps undertaken in this direction as well as
the existing problems. He also expressed a hope that “due to
discussions and active cooperation it would be possible to find
efficient solutions of these and other problems”. T.M. –0–

*********************************************************************

TODAY ARMENIAN AND IRANIAN PRESIDENTS SIGN AGREEMENT ON FUNDAMENTALS
AND PRINCIPLES OF COOPERATION

YEREVAN, September 8. /ARKA/. Today Armenian President Robert
Kocharian and Iranian President Mohammad Khatami signed agreement on
fundamentals and principles of cooperation. Also, delegations of two
countries signed memorandum on mutual understanding around the 5th
joint sitting of interstate commissions on Armenian-Iranian
relations, agreement on cultural cooperation between two countries
for the years 2004-2007. Also the sides signed memorandum between
Customs Committee at the Armenian Government and Customs Service of
Iran on administrative cooperation in issues related to customs
activity.
Iranian delegation headed by President Mohammad Khatami arrived today
in Yerevan. This is the first visit of the Iranian President to
Armenia.
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Iran were established on Feb
9 1992. The Iranian Embassy in Armenia was officially inaugurated on
28 April 1992 and on 22 December 1992 Armenia opened its Embassy in
Iran. President of Armenia Robert Kocharian visited Iran with
official visit in December 2001. Economic relations play considerable
role in bilateral relations and energy sector and transport are
considered priorities here. The Armenian community of Iran is among
the largest national minorities in the country. The history of the
Armenian community of Iran traces back 400 years and the number of
Armenians is more than 200 thou. Islamic Republic of Iran allocated
two seats in Iranian Parliament.
As per statistics of provide by the Armenian National Statistical
Service the foreign turnover of Armenia and ran in Jan-Jul 2004 made
USD 52713.2 thou. (export USD 18030.8 thou., import – USD 3468.4
thou. versus USD 45746.8 thou. in the same period of 2003 (export USD
10418.3 thou., import – USD 35328.5 thou.). (I USD – AMD 515.85).
T.M. –0–

*********************************************************************

RA PRIME MINISTER AND PRESIDENT OF IRAN TO DISCUSS ISSUES OF ECONOMIC
AND POLITICAL COOPERATION

YEREVAN, September, 8. /ARKA/. The RA Prime Minister Andranik
Margaryan and the President of Iran Seyed Mohammad Khatami will
discuss issues of bilateral economic and political cooperation today.
According to the Press Service and Public Relations Department of RA
Government, the sides will also discuss certain projects recently
implemented thanks to joint efforts of the two sides. Besides, the
Head of RA Government and the Iranian President will consider the
expansion of trade and economic relations and implementation of
regional projects.
Seyed Mohammad Khatami, the President of Iran arrived today in
Armenia for a two-day visit. L.V.—0–

*********************************************************************

www.arvest.am
WWW.ARVEST.AM
www.arvest.am
www.arvest.am

Anoushka

Anoushka:
A perfectionist and a Piscean

Sixth sense
Profile by Gamal Nkrumah
—————————————————————- ——–

“Blind children love to touch and feel me when I sing. I dance for the deaf,”
Anoushka says with a sparkle in her eyes. A moment later a frown crosses her
forehead when I ask whether her concern for children with sight and hearing
impairments, orphans, the disadvantaged and the physically and mentally disabled
is inspired by any particular spiritual or emotional needs.

“I’ve been working for the last eight years with the United Nations,” she
explains. “We take the children on a Nile boat tour. The children love the river.
The Nile is so beautiful.”

Her eyelashes flutter furiously.

“The children need you and you know that you can give of yourself. Everyone
is having fun,” Anoushka continues. “The outing is a very special day for these
kids with special needs. It is very important for them. We sing, we play, we
have fun. I take my hat off to Abdel-Salam Ragab for organising the annual
event,” she says referring to the director of the Pharaonic Village, Giza. “It
has become something of a tradition.”

The interior of her Heliopolis apartment is unrelentingly cheerful — the
sitting room, overlooking a lovely terrace, especially so. Everything is in
white, yellow and black. In one corner is a table on which lies a laptop computer
and a mobile phone, in the other a divan — canary yellow, gold and black — on
which the pop star reclines. It was a hot July afternoon and Anoushka has
just returned from a grueling game of squash. She is wearing a summery,
sleeveless blouse and no make-up.

Anoushka spends hours working out at the gym and dancing. She took up squash
a year ago and plays almost daily. She eats healthily and heartily too.
Moloukhiya is her favourite dish. She avoids butter and ghee, preferring olive oil
instead.

“I love Chinese food, but I don’t cook Chinese. I try to eat healthily, I
have my figure to keep,” she chuckles. “I love French fries, but I stay away from
them these days. I cook fish and chicken and I don’t touch red meat.”

Cooking is a favourite pastime. When not recording, rehearsing or working out
in the gym, she sneaks into her kitchen. “I love to cook for my friends,” she
says, and often cooks for her parents. But it is Misha — her three-year-old
papillion who at the mention of food pricks up its ears — that is the daily
recipient of Anoushka’s culinary endeavours. Misha is especially partial to the
chicken dishes.

We have been introduced by a mutual friend, a colleague of mine who, like
Anoushka, is an Egyptian-born ethnic Armenian. At first Anoushka addresses her
and they chat away in Armenian. I soon realise, though, that she is taking me
in.

“I normally cook her food without salt. That is why Misha has not stopped
licking your toes,” she tells my horrified colleague. “She loves to have friends
around. Misha is my baby. ”

“Yegour.” She summons Misha in Armenian.

It is soon established that both Anoushka and I are Pisceans, at which point
our Virgo friend excuses herself and leaves. We were both born on the third
month of the year — March — Anoushka on the 9th, myself on the 18th. What to
most people is an embarrassingly insignificant aside appears to break the ice.

Anoushka’s career took off on 6 October 1988, she recalls, the day she
received her first international prize for her song Habeytak ( I Loved You).
Ironically, for an ethnic Armenian, the award ceremony took place in Turkey.

“Certain dates are important for me,” Anoushka says. The 9th of July, 1999
was another important milestone in her career for it was then that she won an
international song contest. Yet inspite of her popularity Anoushka remains in
the peculiar position of never having had a really huge hit. Her video clips
appear regularly on a wide range of Arab satellite television channels and she is
in demand as a performer at Cairene high society weddings. She also
participates in many Arab and international music and song festivals.

Anoushka’s songs are catchy. Her latest hit Lamahouni (They Had a Glimpse of
Me), exemplifies her use of melody and improvisation to highlight the meaning
and mood of her lyrics. Some of her songs, like Ya Leil (Oh Night), have
received critical and popular acclaim. She has not, though, managed to effect a
successful crossover to television and the cinema, and her outings on the big
screen have been rare. She remains essentially a festival singer.

Anoushka’s vocal range runs from the breathy whisper to the banshee scream.
She sings simple love lyrics. Hers is infectious, feel-good, danceable music.

She dismisses charges that she does not have a particularly strong voice,
insisting that “the vigour of the voice depends to a great extent on the
intensity of the passion.”

When she sings in Arabic it sometimes seems as if the musicians are overly
conscious of swamping her voice.

Is she more comfortable, then, singing in English or French?

On the contrary, she counters, the performances that established her
international reputation were mostly in the Arabic language.

Many musicians cross genres, and Anoushka is no exception. A solo artist,
quietly testing musical boundaries, Anoushka is as comfortable singing in French
or English as she is in Arabic. But perhaps she is happiest mixing all three
languages on stage.

By her own admission she is suspicious by nature. “We Pisceans are
suspicious. It is difficult for us to trust others.”

She shrugs her shoulders and pulls a face.

She is not in the habit of confiding in strangers, especially not
journalists. She’ll make an exception of me, she says, on account of our mutual friend.
And, the stars. True to character, though, she will reveal little, though she
appears far more relaxed during my first visit than when, a week later, I
return with Al-Ahram Weekly’s photographer. The photo session obviously adds to the
day’s stress and Anoushka is far too forthright not to say so.

“I am not in the mood, please forgive me. But, I shall try. What do I wear,”
she asks nervously. Her discomfort is palpable.

“I can slip into an evening dress,” she offers.

An hour later and Anoushka is more relaxed. She must have Misha in the
picture.

The rumour mill has it that Anoushka is something of a court musician,
featuring prominently at state and national functions.

“Who told you that? I can guess who did,” she winces at me. “Some
journalists,” I stutter in alarm, trying to evade her question.

“No, it can’t be journalists. No really, you must tell me,” she says,
refusing to accept my demural as an answer.

Anoushka doesn’t suffer fools gladly. She has little patience with human
weaknesses. But with animals it is different.

She has always had a special place in her heart for dogs and other animals —
“dogs are such faithful creatures. Far more faithful than humans,” she tells
me.

Is that why she has never married, I venture. Such a beautiful woman must
surely have had many suitors.

“Thank God I am not married. I do not feel the need to. Look around you. How
many happily married couples can you find? There is deception everywhere.
Lies, and no ethics whatsoever in dealing with people,” she says, adopting a
mockingly supercilious tone.

Anoushka doesn’t see the point of marriage for a woman who stays up late,
lives practically on the stage and doesn’t want to be bossed around by a man. And
what she doesn’t actually see she senses.

“I have a sixth sense. In my line of business, marriage is out of the
question. A conventional marriage would be detrimental to my career.”

Anoushka will not be dragged into conversation about the men in her life. The
frequent rumours in the Arab press that she is married or engaged are given
short shift. “I have never been married and I am happy without a man in my
life,” she insists. “I neither need a man who brags about himself all day, nor one
who incessantly nags.”

And what about romance?

“The flame is usually gone after the first six months,” she complains.
“Nowadays girls can read men very easily.”

Anoushka, however, has a host of “platonic and very rewarding relationships
with men”. She values her friendships with men.

“My father is my good friend. I have got a few good male friends, ones I can
depend on in times of distress. Men who can advise me as friends and as
brothers. Friends like these last for a lifetime. Some are musicians I work with. We
are very close. They give me an honest opinion when I ask them about
something.”

Anoushka is careful to make time for her family. She is forever running
errands for her parents. “My father wanted to name me Vartanoush, Sweet Flower. My
mother insisted on Anoushka.”

“My father is an extremely emotional man. He is my idol,” Anoushka says. “As
I grow older I understand my father and identify with him more.”

It was her father who encouraged her to sing professionally. Her mother would
have much preferred her daughter to be a lawyer or doctor.

“My mother is very practical and down-to-earth. She does not like to show her
emotions. I’m more like my father. I express my emotions.”

Her mother, she says, is her most scathing critic.

“Mother is blunt. If she doesn’t like a song of mine she will say so, and it
hurts sometimes.”

Her mother, however, always attends Anoushka’s performances.

“And she sews the dresses I appear on stage in,” she chuckles.

Anoushka is very close to her sister, Christine, who lives in France.
Anoushka’s apartment is dotted with striking paintings.

“They are my sister’s,” she says, and I dutifully admire her paintings.

Anoushka is especially fond of her niece, another Piscean. “Small wonder. My
sister says that she takes after me. She is a free spirit.”

Anoushka refuses to be fenced in. She sometimes escapes Cairo in search of
peace and quite.

“My crazy friends and I hire a boat and take to the Nile. We sail, we have
fun, we leave modern civilisation behind. We drift back in time catching
glimpses of the peasants living along the Nile in so-called primitive conditions. We
contemplate. Perhaps because I am a Piscean I love water: shores, coastlines,
river banks, beaches.”

At times Anoushka yearns to get away from it all.

“A safari trip to East Africa perhaps, India, the Caribbean or Hawaii. But
I’d take my medicine chest, my mobile phone and my laptop computer. I cannot
leave those three behind.” She would also take Misha along.

Anoushka enjoys listening to different kinds of music though her all time
favourite is fellow Armenian Charles Aznavour — “the king of emotions” she calls
him. She also adores the music of Armenia’s duduk-king Djivan Gasparyan. She
is fond, too, of artists as varied as Pavarotti, Whitney Houston, Janet
Jackson and Barbara Streisand.

Among Arab singers Anoushka has a special regard for the voice and style of
Sabah Fakhri, the Syrian singer. “I love the old traditional styles, even if I
can’t imitate them myself. The artistic style of the older generation of
singers was far stronger than what we do today.”

Anoushka professes to be a workaholic. Her professional career has spanned 14
years though she first started to perform at the tender age of six when she
was pronounced a gifted child by her parents and teachers at the Kalousdian
Armenian School. Fluent in French and English, Anoushka is also proud of her
native Armenian and Arabic. “We had a good education at Kalousdian,” she explains.

After graduating from the American University in Cairo, where she studied
Business Administration, Anoushka embarked on her singing career and since has
devoted her life to song and dance.

No husband, no children, no regrets: in the morning she is invariably at the
gym, in the evenings she heads for the sound studio. Afternoons are reserved
for a game of squash, more workouts at the gym or cooking.

She abhors the gold-rush mentality of the contemporary Cairene music and
cinema scene. Anoushka is fastidious, and clearly cannot bear muddling her way
through matters she does not understand. She must know everything that concerns
her work.

“I’m interested in the details. I perform on stage, but I must know how the
backstage is organised.”

Having made a name for herself in the Arab world, Anoushka now wants to have
a go at wowing Western audiences. She teamed up with Kiko Motos, of the
Gypsieland Group. “He’s BIG in France,” she assures.

Although the idea of east meets west appeals to Anoushka she instinctively
felt that there was something wrong with her recordings with Kiko Motos. He had
asked her to repeat the refrain “Salam Aleikum! Inshallah!” and she refused
point blank, explaining to him over lunch that she would prefer a duet.

“I would rather sing along with you. I would like to take this opportunity to
tell the world that we are not terrorists in our part of the world. Peace is
the universal greeting in our part of the world. I was interested in peace as
a means of communication. Of communicating loving sentiments.”

Motos agreed and Anoushka rushed back to her hotel room and scratched out
some lyrics. “Mahlaha al-haya lamma tesoudha as-salam (Life is beautiful when
peace prevails).

“Kiko invited me to sing along with him. I sang in Arabic. He sang in
Spanish. He sang about love and life.”

The key to the album, released in France last month, is juxtaposition. The
sense of opposite extremes — east and west — finding common ground delighted
Anoushka. The music, definitely more energetic than her previous hits, fuses
elements of flamenco and Arabic music.

“I had an inkling it would be an instant success.”

Piscean sixth sense, she insists.

C a p t i o n : ‘Thank God I am not married. I do not feel the need to. Look
around you. How many happily married couples can you find? There is deception
everywhere. Lies, and no ethics whatsoever in dealing with people’

© Copyright Al-Ahram Weekly. All rights reserved

Al-Ahram Weekly Online : 17 – 23 July 2003 (Issue No. 647)
Located at:

http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2003/647/profile.htm

Iran for peaceful end of Karabakh dispute, Khatami says

IRAN FOR PEACEFUL END OF KARABAGH DISPUTE, KHATAMI SAYS

ArmenPress
Sept 9 2004

YEREVAN, SEPTEMBER 9, ARMENPRESS: Meeting with students and professors
of Yerevan State University Iranian president Mohammad Khatami said
Iran underscores elimination of tension in the region, “as all nations
need to develop which can be achieved only in peaceful conditions.”

In response to a question about Iran’s position on the Nagorno Karabagh
conflict he said disagreements are natural, “but Iran respects the
territorial integrity and sovereignty of all nations and has been
making efforts to help end the Karabagh conflict in a peaceful way
so that the region’s countries could help each other’s development
without exhausting their resources and potential in conflicts.”

Khatami said Iran is for political solutions to all disputable
questions through negotiations. “We have a special respect for our
neighbor and friend Armenia and if the sides to the conflict decide
to make use of Iran’s possibilities and influence we are ready to
meet them halfway,” he said.

Mohammad Khatami also visited today the Genocide Memorial to
commemorate the victims of the 1915 Armenian genocide in the Ottoman
Turkey and put flowers at the Memorial. He was accompanied by the
chief of Armenian presidential staff Artashes Tumanian, Yerevan mayor
Yervand Zakharian, Armenian deputy foreign minister Ruben Shugarian,
other high-rank officials.

The museum employees presented Khatami with a research work on 1915
Armenian Genocide, a map of Armenia, Epos of David of Sasun and a
photography album of Mount Ararat.

Azg Armenian Daily – 09/08/2004

Azg Armenian Daily
Sept 8 2004

“INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM IS USED BY ONE STATE TO INFLUENCE THE OTHER”

“SHUSHI SHOULD BECOME THE CAPITAL”, CITIZENS ASSURE

ARMENIAN ARCHITECTURE TOGETHER WITH THE WORLD’S ARCHITECTURE

131 TREES TO DISAPPEAR IN 10 DAYS OR ANOTHER SYMBOLIC TREE PLANTING
ACTION

BUSINESSMEN BETTER PROTECTED THAN STATE OFFICIALS

*********************************************************************

“INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM IS USED BY ONE STATE TO INFLUENCE THE OTHER”

Turkish Secret Agent Claims

The heinous terrorist act of Beslan shook the world whereas the inept
actions of the Russian military forces for releasing the hostages
aroused peoples’ indignation with president Vladimir Putin not only
in the North Ossetia but also in Russia as a whole.

Any terrorist act with such a number of victims usually appears in
the international spotlight. And the response of different states
depends on the motivations they pursue.

The same was true for the Beslan terrorist act. Vladimir Putin
responded to the American condemnation as regards the number of
killed hostages saying: “No one has the right to tell us to go on
talks with filicides. Why don’t you meet Osama bin Laden, invite him
to Brussels or White House and don’t ask him what he wants and meet
his wishes.” Putin also blamed the USA for holding Russia back from
the fight against Chechen terrorists.

In the last issue of Azg Daily we wrote that Turkey assumes that
coming US elections, the Great Middle East Project and the troubles
that Putin’s visit of Turkey could have caused America could be
enough for the USA to take that step.

The Turkish responses are supplemented with those of the Arabian. The
Jordan Dustur newspaper published an article in its September 6 issue
entitled “Don’t the Jewish bandits stand behind Beslan slaughter?”
George Haddad, author of the article writes that no organization
fighting for high ideas ever held children as a hostage. He reminds
of the Jewish groups that are furious over Putin’s administration and
support the Chechen rebels. He says that those people gained central
positions in Russia during former president Boris Yeltsin’s reign and
were taking key decisions in the government.

Then the author adds: “Those Jewish bandits that gathered wealth on
the Russian money couldn’t avoid taxes anymore with Putin coming to
power. Their Khodorkovsky is in prison at present. The Jewish
Berezovsky and Vladimir Gusinsky are the members of the same gang.”
The former is a citizen of Israel and England, the latter of Israel
and the USA. Both of them are thieves who fled Russia. It’s
interesting that after Putin’s clash with the Jewish gang the
Zionistic mass media of the West began blaming the Russian president
of dictatorship and stalinism. It shows that the primary goal of the
Jewish gang is to defile Putin and make the impression that he is
unable to rule the country and to secure the Russian nation. The
Israeli PM Sharon’s statement that “Israel is ready to support Russia
in its war against terror” is nothing but a cunning step to disorient
president Putin”.

In other words, the Jordan newspaper ascribes the Beslan terrorist
act to Jews with their attempt to besmirch Putin. The Turkish
Terdjuman newspaper’s September 6 issue writes about the response of
Byulent Orakoghlu, former deputy director of the Security
Administration of Turkey.

According to this Turkish publication Orakoghlu traces the terrorist
act back to the Middle East policy of USA, Israel and the UK. In this
case the Chechen terrorists appear as tools in the hands of world
powers. Orakoghlu continues: “The claims that the world is monopolar
proved false by the terrorist act. The 9/11 occurred in the USA.
Beslan terrorist act was Russia’s 9/11. The Chechens could scarcely
be able to carry out such an attack by themselves. Things like
relations between rival states and national interests play important
role in such acts. The international terrorism is used by one state
to influence the other. That was the case with Beslan.”

Orakoghlu closes up saying: “We must be well aware that Turkey is
risking to stir up the USA’s and England’s confrontation in case it
draws closer to Russia. But good ties with America and Israel will
make it a target for the international terrorism”.

By Hakob Chakrian

*********************************************************************

“SHUSHI SHOULD BECOME THE CAPITAL”, CITIZENS ASSURE

The Ruined Shushi

The distance form Stepanakert, capital of Karabakh, to Shushi is only
11 km but the towns are very different. After the lively Stepanakert
Shushi leaves a painful impression. It has been already 12 years that
the war ended but the town still lies in ruins. The gardens and the
forest that covers the town as a web are the only delight. The cool
air and mountains are perfect for health resorts. Before the war
there were 10 resorts in the town but today there is no sign of them.
The bombed out, demolished buildings are everywhere. Some
semi-destroyed buildings are inhabited.

The population of Shushi today reaches 4 thousand. Those are people
of Karabakh that lost their homes during the war, refugees from
Sumgait or Armenians from Armenia. “Those who have nothing they come
to Shushi. If the buildings are rebuilt more people will come”, a
citizen said.

John Tevosian who lost his wife in Sumgait is leading a life of a
vagrant living on his pension. There are many people like him in the
town. John tells that those who came from Azerbaijan are the poorest
here. They are the ones most frequently met at the churchyards
begging and ransacking the litter-bins. The old man was complaining
of the officials who are good at promising but do nothing after being
elected.

Besides the refugees Shushi gives shelter to many outlaws. A teenager
confessed that they hide in Shushi from police. Once famous ancient
Armenian town of Arshakavan was also inhabited with outlaws such as
slaves and debtees by the order of Arshak II. Then Arshakavan became
a big town.

But Shushi is still a dead town. Many of Shushi citizens think that
the town will flourish only if it becomes the capital. The mayor of
Stepanakert Eduard Aghabekian agrees with them. “That would be a
right decision from political point of view. I think that the
parliament or at least one of the ministries must be moved here”, he
explained.

The Armenian Evangelic Church and the Union of Armenian Dentists of
Ottawa are the ones that undertake reconstruction programs. The party
of Dashnaktsutyun is looking forward to building a hotel in Shushi.
The Pan-Armenian Congress declared Shushi reconstruction a primary
issue but there were no concrete suggestions, projects or business
plans.

Sevak Artsruni, head of the Shushi Fund, was the only optimistic
person. He said that investments for Shushi reconstruction are just
starting. A project for Shushi reconstruction should be made to draw
investors’ attention.

Shushi with its natural inaccessibility was a fortress for ancient
Varanda region people and today also it should be viewed a strategic
town for Artsakh’s security.

By Karine Danielian

*********************************************************************

ARMENIAN ARCHITECTURE TOGETHER WITH THE WORLD’S ARCHITECTURE

David Hutson, American Architect from Minneapolis, Minnesota, is
chosen the architect for the edifice of “Gerard Gafeschian” Modern
Art Museum that is to be built in Cascade. He is the author of UN
Office in New York, Museum of African Art in Manhattan, the dwelling
place of the famous Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava. By the
initial plan of the museum the main framed sights of the museum will
be the monument Mother Armenia and Ararat. The symbol of the museum a
glass tower will hover over the general view. Gerard Gafeschian’s
glass collection will be exhibited in this tower.

John Waters, Deputy Director of Gafeschian foundation, introduced
David Hutson to the Armenian journalists at one of the halls of
Cascade on September 7. The architect represented the plan of the
building in details. The project will cost $25 million, the
construction works will last about two years. Afterwards, a unique
art museum will open in Yerevan. The museum will include the glass
collection of Gerard Gafeschian, the glass pieces by Stanislav
Libensky and Yaroslav Brikhtova, as well as the pieces by the most
prominent artists of the XX century.

“When being a student I was greatly impressed by Armenian
architecture, by its clear and strong lines. I noticed how carefully
and skillfully the Armenian architects used Armenian tuff. The basis
of the museum will be built of Armenian tuff, while the architectural
forms will resemble the ones of the Armenian architecture,” David
Hutson said.

It’s worth reminding that no Armenian architect participate in the
competition announced by “Gafeschian” museum foundation, as they
don’t master the contemporary technologies applied in the world’s
architecture.

John Waters said that their main goal was to bring the best of the
world to Armenia and to represent the best of Armenia to the world.

By Ruzan Poghosian

*********************************************************************

131 TREES TO DISAPPEAR IN 10 DAYS OR ANOTHER SYMBOLIC TREE PLANTING
ACTION

Alley dedicated to 131 Armenian Catholicoses in the yard of the
Cathedral of St. Grigor the Illuminator’s does not exist any more.
All the 131 trees disappeared in ten days.

The idea of planting an alley in the memory of the Catholicoses
initially occurred to Ara Gevorgian, composer. “I wanted to plant a
park dedicated to our Catholicoses. Karekin II approved my suggestion
and he gave his consent. We chose the territory near St. Gregory
Illuminator’s Cathedral. I began arranging the matter with the
community’s administration, deciding what kind of trees should be
planted and who will take care of them afterwards. The settlement of
all these issues a bit delayed the planting. Then a company decided
to carry out the plan. I have planted a tree myself,” Ara Gevorgian
told.

“Noyan Arg” benevolence ecology company implemented the planting. On
April 17 131 blue spruces were planted on the both sides of the
church’s entrance. The church representatives blessed the spruces and
planted them together with the people. Then all the participants
received references, which pointed out their names, and the names of
the Catholicos the planted tree bore. The mass media shot especially
our Ecology Minister when planting a tree.

“Planting was implemented together with RA Ecology Ministry with
direct assistance of the minister. By they decision we were given
blue spruces and we planted the alley dedicated to the memory of 131
Armenian Catholicoses,” Ghazar Mirzoyan, Chairman of “Noyan Arg”
ecology benevolence company. It is not clear who was to take care of
the trees after planting. According to Ghazar Mirzoyan, in 10-15 days
the alley disappeared as the 80 % of the expensive trees were stolen,
while the rest just got dried. “We didn’t think that one can stole
something from the church’s yard. If we fancied that we would arrange
the issue of preserving the trees,” Mirzoyan says.

In reply to the comments of Mirzoyan, Father Sahak Shakarian, priest
at the Cathedral, insisted: “Not a single tree was stolen. We have a
guard service. The spruces got dried. The company that implemented
the planting of the alley wasn’t responsible enough. We had warned
preliminarily that we have problems with water supply and 131 trees
can’t be easily watered. They said that they will solve the issue, so
the trees were planted. I participated in the planting myself and I
feel shame that no tree survived. Very soon we will have our water
supply network and we will by all means plant the alley again.”

Usually, when organizing a planting, one should get arranged all the
issues with the company that is responsible for planting activities
in the given community. “Noyan Arg” company had no arrangements both
with “Planting” CJSC at Yerevan City Administration or with “Kentron
Planting” CJSC. Mirzoyan pointed out that initially they were ready
to take care of the trees until they arrange everything with the
community’s administration. The alley disappeared in that very
initial period. While the chairman of the company merely regrets
about the fact. “We feel so sorry that the alley doesn’t exist any
longer but we will certainly plant new trees and make a new alley.”

By Aghavni Eghiazarian,

*********************************************************************

BUSINESSMEN BETTER PROTECTED THAN STATE OFFICIALS

“Armenia is not the only country where the bodyguards of the state
officials yield in number and qualification to the ones protecting
the private sectors,” Dmitri Fonarov, head the Union of Russian Body
Guards and the International League of Body Guards, said in the
interview to Azg Daily. This happens mainly because of money. “If a
budget is set up for a state official, each citizen can hire as many
body guards as he wishes,” he said.

Robert Nazarian, head of Armenian National League of Body Guards and
Caucasian representative of the International League of Body Guards,
said that 200-300 bodyguards are working in Armenia at present. Mr.
Nazarian said that he doesn’t want to call the amateur bodyguards.
The bodyguards don’t differ from a common citizen in how they look.
The most important thing is that they should be professionally
prepared.

Robert Nazarian evaluated satisfactory the results of the body guard
competition held in Yerevan on September 4-7. Dmitri Fonarov
evaluated less than satisfactory. This was the first competition
organized in Armenia and there were some organizational drawbacks.

By Tamar Minasian

*********************************************************************

www.hetq.am

Bible to Summer Camps, Armenia

PRESS RELEASE
Bible Society of Armenia
Zakiyan 6/26
Yerevan 375015, Armenia
Tel: (+374 – 1) 58.55.09, 56.49.06
Fax: (+374 – 1) 54.24.39
E-mail: [email protected]

September 10, 2004

The Children’s Bible to Summer Camps, Armenia

A number of local churches run annual summer camp programs in the
mountains of Armenia, where children converge to get a break from
the sweltering heat of the Armenian summer. Needless to say, these
occasions are a tremendous educational experience as well. The Bible
Society has always been requested to assist with the provision of
scriptures and relevant materials to support the volunteers who
oversee every aspect of the childrens’ lives for an average period
of 2-3 weeks per group of children.

Between August 12 and 19 this summer the Bible Society visited the
summer camps run by the Evangelical, Catholic and Armenian Churches and
provided them with 1500 copies of “Children’s Bible in 565 Stories”
(New Edition, 2004), which is the total capacity (number of beds)
of all the camps combined, and will belong to the camps, remaining
there to serve hundreds of children over a number of years. This
project realized by the generous support and the cooperation of
“New Life Armenia” benevolent association.

The Bible Society Board Secretary Arshavir Kapoudjian and the
representatives of “New Life Armenia” (NLA) Vardan Blboulian and
Vardan Tadevossian from August 12 to August 19, 2004 visited the summer
camps in Yeghegnadzor, Vanadzor, Tsaghkadzor and Hankavan, organized
and sponsored by the Armenian Apostolic Church, Armenian Evangelical
Church, Armenian Catholic Church, “Solidarite Protestante France
Armenie” and “Entanik” Benevolent Organization. It was pleasant to see
the cooperation of the churches here. We met a priest who frequently
visits “Our Lady of Armenia’s” summer camp, other deacons from Holy
Etchmiadzin serve at the “Solidarite Protestante France Armenie” camp.

The Primates of the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Representatives
of the Armenian Evangelical Church and the Sisters of “Our Lady of
Armenia” welcomed the BS and NLA Representatives at their summer
camps, where the guests have the opportunity to meet hundreds of
students. “Vow, what a big book!” exclaimed a nine-year-old boy, while
the representatives were opening the boxes. A group of students from
different ages came out of their seats to see what kind of books will
be distributed. “Shall we read all the content of this book?” asked
another one. “This was our main goal,” stated Kapoudjian, “to meet with
the young people, to bring them the Word and the Light of our Lord. In
this generation do we see the bright future of our people. It’s hard
to work with them, it will take time but it’s encouraging to take
this responsibility.” The majority of the gathered students come from
socially vulnerable families: street children; martyred soldiers’
children. All the Primates highly appreciated the initiatives and the
efforts of the BS, which became a daily presence in our people’s life;
in the churches, in the schools, and now in summer camps.

The Representatives shared their thoughts with the students during the
meetings, stressing the importance of the spirituality. “I was dreaming
to have a Bible in my childhood. You are luckier than us, said Vardan
Blboulian, you are blessed, not only getting the Bible but having
the opportunity to read it every day.” Fr Vahan from the Armenian
Apostolic Church in Vanadzor continued the same idea and concluded,
“Our day has been opened and closed by the Bible. The Bible is our
life.” A twelve-year-old boy ran towards the representatives and
opening up the Bible showed the story # 25 (“Jacob’s Trick,” Genesis
27), which was coinciding his birthday and declared with an excitement:
“My name is also Hakob!” Finally, it was nice to see the crowded
corridors, the halls and the rooms full of joy. After getting their
own copies everyone begun to look at the illustrations, the pictures;
to read different passages; to find out interesting stories. It was
encouraging also to see how some of them are putting their own Bibles
under their pillows.

A week later a lady, who has visited several summer camps, called
the BS office expressing her joy: “What a wonderful job you have
done! During my visits to the camps I noticed a lot of young people
were reading The Children’s Bible.”

The Bible Society of Armenia was established in 1991, when the late
Catholicos Vazgen I and representatives of the United Bible Societies
signed a memorandum of understanding regarding the translation,
publication and dissemination of the Holy Bible in Armenia. The Bible
Society of Armenia is committed to the widest possible meaningful and
effective distribution of the Holy Scriptures in languages and media
which meet the needs of people, at a price they can afford. The Board
of Trustees of The Bible Society of Armenia consists of representatives
of the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Armenian Catholic Church and
the Union of Armenian Evangelical and Baptist Churches.

For further information on Bible Society of Armenia and its
activities, call (3741) 58-55-09 or 56-49-06; fax (3741) 54-24-39;
e-mail [email protected]

###

World Bank Warms to Business Climate

World Bank Warms to Business Climate
By Maria Levitov

The Moscow Times
Friday, September 10, 2004. Page 5.

Staff Writer Russia ranks in the top third of countries in terms of doing
business, according to a report published by the World Bank this week.

Despite acknowledging the country’s need to improve corporate governance and
transparency, the World Bank put Russia in 42nd place in its survey of legal
parameters for businesses in 145 countries. The World Bank made no
comparison to last year because its set of criteria has since changed.

“Russia’s business climate is one of the best in the region,” the World Bank
said in a statement.

The rosy assessment left some Russian entrepreneurs puzzled.

“Our own data and a growing amount of complaints about abuses of
entrepreneurs’ rights in the regions leads us to the opposite conclusion,”
said Sergei Borisov, president of Opora, which supports small business
development.

“It’s possible that compared to Morocco or Haiti, it really is very easy to
do business in Russia,” he said. “But comparing something bad with something
very bad, does not make the bad good.”

The report analyzes governments’ regulations on such things as starting a
business, hiring and firing workers, registering property, enforcing a
contract and filing for bankruptcy.

The World Bank positively appraised Russia’s business climate because of the
country’s flexible employment regulations and improvements in business
administration procedures.

“[The assessment] is based on an analysis of regulations — not the feedback
of entrepreneurs,” Irina Likhachova, the World Bank’s spokeswoman for
Central and Eastern Europe, said by phone from Washington.

It takes 36 days to register a new business in Russia, compared to 123 days
in Azerbaijan. Registering a property takes 37 days in Russia, while in
Croatia it takes more than 2 1/2 years.

Despite such positive factors for entrepreneurs, the country still needs to
improve transparency and corporate governance, the report said.

“If Russia increases its information transparency to the level that exists
in Slovakia or the Czech Republic, [Russia’s] market capitalization could
grow by more than half,” the World Bank said.

Slovakia topped the list of ten best reformers, which Russia did not make.
The country’s ranking was hurt by such considerations as the fact that it is
the only economy among the countries with 40 largest stock markets without
credit bureaus.

Overall, Russia was placed in the second best of five categories, along with
Armenia, Bulgaria, Georgia and Estonia. Belarus, Hungary and Jamaica ranked
in the second to last category.

The top 20 countries included the usual suspects like New Zealand, the
United States and Switzerland, but also transitional economies like Slovakia
and Lithuania, and developing countries like Botswana and Thailand.

Wednesday’s International Results

Sports Illustrated
Soccer

Wednesday’s International Results

Posted: Wednesday September 8, 2004 6:32PM; Updated: Thursday September 9,
2004 2:52AM

(Home teams first)

World Cup Qualifying
EUROPE: Standings | Analysis

Group 1

Andorra 1, Romania 5

Netherlands 2, Czech Republic 0

Armenia 0, Finland 2

Group 2

Kazakhstan 1, Ukraine 2

Georgia 2, Albania 0

Greece 0, Turkey 0

Group 3

Portugal 4, Estonia 0

Luxembourg 3, Latvia 4

Slovakia 7, Liechtenstein 0

Group 4

Faeroe Islands 0, France 2

Israel 2, Cyprus 1

Switzerland 1, Ireland 1

Group 5

Moldova 0, Italy 1

Scotland 0, Slovenia 0

Norway 1, Belarus 1

Group 6

Poland 1, England 2

Austria 2, Azerbaijan 0

Wales 2, Northern Ireland 2

Group 7

Bosnia-Herzegovina 1, Spain 1

Lithuania 4, San Marino 0

Group 8

Sweden 0, Croatia 1

Hungary 3, Iceland 2

___

ASIA

Second Round: Roundup

Group 1

Laos 1, Qatar 6

Jordan 0, Iran 2

Group 2

Taiwan 1, Iraq 4

Palestine 0, Uzbekistan 3

Group 3

India 0, Japan 4

Singapore 0, Oman 2

Group 4

Malaysia 0, China 1

Hong Kong 0, Kuwait 2

Group 5

North Korea 4, Thailand 1

Yemen 3, United Arab Emirates 1

Group 6

Kyrgyzstan 1, Bahrain 2

Tajikistan 0, Syria 1

Group 7

Vietnam 1, South Korea 2

Maldives 2, Lebanon 5 Group 8

Sri Lanka 2, Indonesia 2

Turkmenistan 0, Saudi Arabia 1

___

CONCACAF

Semifinal Round: Roundup | Standings

Group A

Panama 1, United States 1

El Salvador 0, Jamaica 3

Group B

Costa Rica 1, Canada 0

Honduras 2, Guatemala 2

Group C

St. Vincent-Grenadines vs. St. Kitts and Nevis, postponed, hurricane

Trinidad and Tobago 1, Mexico 3

___

Friendly
Germany 1, Brazil 1

Copyright 2004 Associated Press.

State-Owned Bank to Stock Up

The St. Petersburg Times
#1002, Friday, September 10, 2004

State-Owned Bank to Stock Up
By Sveta Skibinsky, STAFF WRITER

Photo by Alexander Belenky / SPT

An agreement on a two-step purchase deal was signed this week
between the state-owned Vneshtorgbank and the St. Petersburg-based
Promstroibank.

According to an official announcement from Vneshtorgbank, or VTB, this
week, the bank signed a memorandum which provides for its purchase
of 25-percent stock share of Promstroibank, or PSB, by the end of
September. VTB will then look into the possibility of purchasing
another share package of 51 percent of PSB’s shares, which would
bring its holdings to 76 percent.

The second part of the deal should be completed before the end of 2006,
according to a statement from the VTB press office.

VTB’s senior vice-president Vasily Titov said the deal was broken up
into two stages to allow for “additional research of PSB’s financial
position,” business daily Vedomosti reported Tuesday.

Titov said the banks will sign an agreement to define VTB’s rights
during the transitional period. He said that VTB will get a veto
right in questions concerning PSB’s major deals and key appointments.

The value of the deal has not been disclosed, but price estimates have
ranged from $250 million, from Moody’s Interfax banking department,
to $500 million, from Alfa bank senior economist Natalya Orlova,
Vedomosti reported.

VTB’s official statement said that purchasing the controlling
package in PSB “will allow the bank to strengthen its position in the
Northwest, allowing further development of the VTB group to become
a European-level bank chain.”

Business daily Delovoi Peterburg said that by allocating resources
for the acquisition of private retail banks, the state is trying to
create a second monopoly, similar to state-owned Sberbank.

Meanwhile, VTB, which has its main offices in St. Petersburg on
Bolshaya Morskaya ulitsa, has been looking for another location for
its regional branch because it needs more space to accommodate its
expanding activities.

VTB is the largest bank in the country, with a base capital of about
42.1 billion rubles or $1.4 billion. It has a wide chain of subsidiary
branches, with five branches abroad – in Switzerland, Cyprus, Austria,
Luxembourg and Armenia. VTB is also an associated bank in Germany
and has representative offices in Italy, China, Ukraine and Belarus.