Armenian Immigration to U.S. in NAASR Lecture

PRESS RELEASE
National Association for Armenian Studies and Research
395 Concord Avenue
Belmont, MA 02478
Tel.: 617-489-1610
E-mail: [email protected]
Contact: Marc A. Mamigonian

ARMENIAN IMMIGRATION TO AMERICA TO BE EXAMINED IN LECTURE AT NAASR

Visiting scholar Dr. Knarik Avakian of the Institute of History,
National Academy of Sciences of Armenia, will speak on “Armenian
Immigration to the U.S.: Evidence From the Constantinople
Patriarchate” on Thursday evening, October 21, at 8:00 p.m., at the
Center and Headquarters of the National Association for Armenian
Studies and Research (NAASR), 395 Concord Ave., Belmont, Mass.

Avakian has conducted a thorough study of the origins and development
of the largest and most organized Armenian diasporan community, that
of the United States of America. The author of the Armenian-language
History of the Armenian Community of the United States of Amer-ica
(From the beginning to 1924), published in Yerevan in 2000, she is
also the author of over 50 articles on the Armenian Diaspora,
especially immigration to the United States. NAASR is host-ing
Dr. Avakian while she is in the Boston area conducting research at
NAASR and other Armenian centers in the region.

Importance of Constantinople Patriarchate

Under various historical circumstances, the Armenians were compelled
to leave their native lands and immigrate to the United States for
individual, educational, economic, political, cultural, religious, and
other purposes. These Armenian emigrants, who came primarily from the
Armenian-inhabited regions of Turkey and Western Armenia, maintained
their relations with the Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople,
regarding it as their permanent spiritual, moral, and practical
bulwark. This fact is testified to by the extremely valuable and
interesting documents kept up to the present day at the Archives of
the Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople (founded in 1461).

The Patriarchate holds files under the general title “America”
covering a long period be-ginning from the 1880s up to the present
day. With a view to presenting the diverse and sundry documents in a
historical and logical chain, it is possible to classify them under
the foll- owing headings: emigratory, Armenian-guarding and
orphan-supporting, ecclesiastical, per-sonal, public, and political.

Experienced Scholar from Yerevan

Dr. Avakian was educated at Yerevan State University, where she
received an M.A. in History, and completed a Ph.D. at the Institute of
History, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia. She
has taught history at the university level in Armenia and currently
serves as Senior Researcher at the Institute of History, Senior Editor
at the Armenian Encyclo-pedia, and is Head of the Young Scientists’
Council at the Institute of History.

Admission to the event is free (donations appreciated). The NAASR
bookstore will open at 7:30 p.m. The NAASR Center and Headquarters is
located opposite the First Armenian Church and next to the U.S. Post
Office. Ample parking is available around the building and in
adjacent areas.

From: Emil Lazarian | Ararat NewsPress

NATO’s Caucasus policy not against Russia – US researcher

NATO’s Caucasus policy not against Russia, US researcher tells Armenian agency

Mediamax news agency, Yerevan
18 Oct 04

A senior US researcher has said that NATO’s cooperation with countries
of the South Caucasus and Central Asia is not directed against
Russia. In an exclusive interview with Mediamax news agency, he said
that the organization wants “to help anchor these countries to the
West, reduce the likelihood of future conflicts developing in this
region… and eliminate new threats to our security that could emerge,
especially from further south in the wider Middle East”. Ronald
D. Asmus called on NATO to pursue “a dual track strategy where it
expands its outreach to this region and tries to deepen its
cooperation with Moscow in parallel”. He told the agency that NATO’s
cooperation with each individual country depends on the latter’s
“performance”. “NATO responds to those partners who are performing,
domestically in terms of democratic reforms at home as well as
strategic cooperation in foreign policy,” he added. He urged Armenia
to improve its ties with Turkey, “an important and valued NATO ally”,
as this would allow it to deepen relations with NATO. The following is
the text of the report in English by the Armenian news agency
Mediamax; subheadings have been inserted editorially:

An exclusive interview with Ronald D. Asmus, Senior Transatlantic
Fellow, German Marshall Fund of the United States, [Adjunct Senior
Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations] former deputy assistant
secretary of state for European affairs in the Clinton administration
(1997-2000), to the Armenian Mediamax news agency.

[Correspondent] In your opinion, what is the activation of
Armenia-NATO relations conditioned by?

[Asmus] I don’t think it would be appropriate for me to try to
interpret Armenian foreign policy motivations. But I can talk about
why there is a growing interest in the West and in NATO in a wider
Black Sea region and Armenia. And, in a nutshell, the case goes as
follows. The main strategic challenge the Alliance faced in the 1990s
was to eliminate the potential causes of future conflicts on the
continent in the wake of the collapse of communism and the Soviet
Union. The West sought to do so by halting ethnic war in the Balkans,
anchoring and integrating Central and Eastern Europe in the West
through EU and NATO enlargement and by seeking to build a new and
cooperative relationship with Russia. That was the agenda of the
1990s.

Today much of that agenda has been fulfilled. That part of Europe
where two world wars and the Cold War originated are now democratic,
peaceful and secure. And the impact of the terrorist attacks of the
11th of September has shifted the strategic focus of the Alliance
eastward and southward. It is after all, from the broader Middle East
that the greatest threats to western security are now likely to
originate.

Looking into the future, one can suggest that one of the greatest
challenges facing the Alliance over the next decade is to stabilize
the southern flank of the Euro-Atlantic community starting with a
final settlement in the Balkans and extending through the wider Black
Sea region into Central Asia. It is an important goal in its own right
but also with an eye toward major strategic challenges confronting us
in the wider Middle East. Moreover, many of the countries in this
region themselves are now seeking a closer relation sip with
institutions like the EU and NATO. It is not a secret, for example,
that many leaders in Georgia have been inspired by the successful
example of the Baltic states successfully integrating themselves into
the West.

NATO is therefore now starting to debate whether it should make the
anchoring of this region to the West a top priority and how it can or
should pursue that goal. Last year I led a project at the German
Marshall Fund of the United States that brought together a team of
American and Europeans experts to try to sketch out what such a
strategy could and should look like. It is one of several
contributions to this emerging debate. Your readers can find that
paper on our web site at

West concerned about Russia’s “authoritarian direction”

[Correspondent] Will Armenia be able to maintain the balance between
preserving close relations with Russia and striving for further
integration into NATO?

[Asmus] It is of course up to Armenia to decide what kind of
relationship it wants to have with NATO as well as with Russia. For
the last decade NATO has been trying to build a new and cooperative
NATO-Russia relationship where we can work together in pursuit of
common security objectives. It has not been easy and we are not as far
as many of us had originally hoped. And we must note that today
relations are not getting easier as there is growing concern in the
West over the authoritarian direction in which Russia is headed.

That said, let’s go back to what Western objectives are. Our goal is
or should be to extend the zone of peace and security in the
Euro-Atlantic community to the wider Black Sea region. We want to help
anchor these countries to the West, reduce the likelihood of future
conflicts developing in this region and to be better prepared to
confront and eliminate new threats to our security that could emerge,
especially from further south in the wider Middle East. None of this
is aimed against Russia. Indeed, I would argue that in principle
Moscow should share these goals as a major Black Sea power. I believe
that the Alliance needs to try to pursue a dual track strategy where
it expands its outreach to this region and tries to deepen its
cooperation with Moscow in parallel. It is clearly in our as well as
Armenia’s interest that we succeed in doing so.

NATO wants “more regional security”, not dividing lines

[Correspondent] Armenian Foreign Minister Vardan Oskanyan said: “If it
happens so that Georgia and Azerbaijan become NATO members at last and
Armenia not, this will obviously bring about the appearance of new
separation lines in the Caucasus.” Are such fears justified?

[Asmus] My view is that NATO should want to reach out and deepen its
cooperation with countries in the region in a way that enhances the
security of the region as a whole. After all, the goal here is to
produce more regional security, not create new dividing lines. The
Alliance will undoubtedly be sensitive to the need to expand
cooperation in a way that helps and does not undercut the security of
other countries. We faced this question many times in Central and
Eastern Europe in the 1990s and always found ways of resolving these
issues.

At the same time, the Alliance is also not going to forgo or hold back
on cooperation just because another country may find it a bit awkward
or inconvenient. Sometimes moving forward with one or another country
can provide an inducement for other countries to reorient themselves
and also step up their cooperation. If the prospect of closer ties
between the West and Georgia also encourages Armenia to step up its
ties with us that is not necessarily a bad thing, in my view.

NATO membership depends on “performance”

[Correspondent] We can very often come across comments in the West
that NATO should forget about Armenia and pay special attention to
Georgia and Azerbaijan. What do you think about this?

[Asmus] NATO deals with countries on an individual basis. It is a core
principle of the Alliance thinking that no third country has a veto
over how NATO pursues its relations with any partner. Obviously NATO
also takes into account how its dealings with one country can affect
regional concerns and stability as well. In addition, NATO also takes
into account a country’s aspirations. Georgia and Azerbaijan have
declared their aspiration to eventually become members of the
alliance. Armenia today has not.

But the most important factor is performance. You can have the right
aspirations but if a country is not performing those declarations
won’t get you very far. NATO responds to those partners who are
performing domestically in terms of democratic reforms at home as well
as strategic cooperation in foreign policy. Look at how the West
responded to the Rose Revolution and the prospect for a democratic
breakthrough in Georgia. The history of the last decade has shown that
the most important factor in accelerating relationships between and
the Alliance is often domestic democratic reforms and the embrace of
those values that NATO represents and is pledged to defend.

NATO-Armenian ties to deepen after rapprochement with Turkey

[Correspondent] Do you agree with the point of view that NATO is ready
to go as far in its relations with Armenia as Armenia itself is ready
for it?

[Asmus] One of the advantages we have today compared to the early
1990s is that NATO now has a decade of experience in how to use
Partnership tools and programs to build relations with non-members
like Armenia. Moreover, NATO has set up these programs in a manner
that a partner country like Armenia can itself help determine the pace
or scope of cooperation. One of the points we made in the GMF strategy
paper on the wider Black Sea region was that the Prague summit gave us
new tools for building such cooperation. There are plenty of talented
people at NATO headquarters willing and able to build expanded
cooperation if the political will to do so exists on both sides. Of
course Armenia has to meet the political requirements for expanded
cooperation as well.

[Correspondent] Don’t you think that the unsettled Armenian-Turkish
relations has a negative effect on Armenia’s cooperation with NATO?

[Asmus] I am not an expert on Armenia’s public opinion. But progress
towards Turkish-Armenian reconciliation would be a very positive thing
first and foremost for the peoples of both nations as well as for
regional stability. Good neighbourly relations are at the core of the
kind of cooperative security that the alliance is all
about. Obviously, an improved Turkish-Armenian rapprochement would
make it easier to deepen NATO-Armenian relations as well. Turkey is an
important and valued NATO ally. Its importance is on the increase
given the new priority the Alliance attaches both to the wider Black
Sea region as well as the wider Middle East. I very much hope that
both sides will make this a priority in the years ahead.

South Caucasus and Central Asia belong to different “baskets”

[Correspondent] Don’t you think that NATO is not quite right to
consider the regions of the South Caucasus and Central Asia in one
plane? Taking into account serious differences between these regions,
especially different problems in the security sphere, won’t the
individualized approach to each of these regions be more effective?

[Asmus] I agree, NATO needs to modernize its approach in this
regard. I am among those arguing that the West needs to rethink how it
approaches the region. That is why I have been referring to the wider
Black Sea region. Putting the South Caucasus and Central Asia in the
same basket no longer makes sense given the different aspirations of
countries in these regions and the new strategic context. It is a
bureaucratic habit or way of thinking that is increasingly
anachronistic and which we now need to move beyond. I think it is only
a matter of time before the alliance does so.

www.gmfus.org.

AUA Welcomes Turpanjian Family Foundation Scholarship Program

PRESS RELEASE

October 18, 2004

American University of Armenia Corporation
300 Lakeside Drive, 4th Floor
Oakland, CA 94612
Telephone: (510) 987-9452
Fax: (510) 208-3576

Contact: Gohar Momjian
[email protected]

AUA Welcomes First Recipients of the Turpanjian Family Foundation
Scholarship Program

Yerevan, Armenia – The American University of Armenia (AUA) honored
benefactors Mr. and Mrs. Jirair and Patricia Turpanjian of Palos Verdes, CA
with a reception on October 12, 2004 and welcomed the 141 undergraduate and
graduate students who will receive a free university education through the
support of Turpanjian Family Foundation Scholarship Program. According to
Mr. Jirair Turpanjian, `Our family has always been a strong supporter of
education, and we have a special interest in Armenia’s development as a
prosperous democratic country.’

The Turpanjian Family Foundation pledged $1,000,000 over 10 years earlier
this year to implement an innovative Big Brother-Big Sister mentorship
program in tandem with an educational scholarship program. The program
provides financial support in the form of tuition and academic and career
support through a peer-based mentoring program to deserving undergraduate
students at any accredited university in Armenia and graduate students at
AUA. Priority is given to orphans, those affected by the 1988 earthquake,
the socially disadvantaged, and others in need. The Turpanjian Family
Foundation Scholarship Program is administered by the AUA and often
complements support already provided by the students’ university.

`A unique feature of this innovative program is the vision to empower the
awardees to make significant long-term contributions to Armenia’s political,
social and economic development. We are pleased to expand our cooperation
with the Tupanjian Family Foundation in realizing a common hope for Armenia
and the region,’ said AUA President Haroutune Armenian.

AUA Interim Vice President Michael Thompson, who chaired the selection
committee consisting of AUA faculty, staff, and alumni, noted that, `These
awards will help ensure academically deserving students who have already
overcome so many obstacles have the chance to succeed, not only for
themselves, but for their communities, and for Armenia. We are especially
pleased in many cases to complete funding providing by the students’
universities, turning partial reductions into full scholarships.’ The
awardees represent a variety of fields ranging from Metallurgy and Mining,
Mathematics, Engineering and Information Sciences to Health and Civil
Society related disciplines, Speech Therapy and Sign Language Teaching,
Forestry, Law, Public Health, and Political Science.

The Turpanjian Family Foundation was established in 2000 with a commitment
to help institutions in their efforts to advance the development of Armenia
as a democratic country with a robust economy.

—————————————-

The American University of Armenia is registered as a non-profit educational
organization in both Armenia and the United States and is affiliated with
the Regents of the University of California. Receiving major support from
the AGBU, AUA offers instruction leading to the Masters Degree in eight
graduate programs. For more information about AUA, visit

Photo: Recipients of the Turpanjian Family Foundation Scholarship Program

www.aua.am.

Armenia: Internal Instability Ahead

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Armenia: Internal Instability Ahead
Europe Report N°158
18 October 2004
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Armenia, which regained its independence in 1991 and won its 1992-1994
war with Azerbaijan, is at peace and rebuilding its economy but its
stability is fragile. Nagorno-Karabakh remains an unsettled problem
that easily could reignite, and the regional economic isolation that
the war over it produced could become permanent if there is no
resolution soon. Corruption and violations of democratic procedure
have disillusioned a population half of which still lives below the
poverty line. Armenia’s friends in the West and in Russia need to work
together to help it overcome old enmities with Azerbaijan and
Turkey. Donors should do more to press for democratic reforms and good
governance.

The past two decades have been turbulent. In 1988 a disastrous
earthquake rocked the north of the country, killing at least 25,000
and affecting one third of the population. The collapse of the Soviet
Union destroyed traditional economic ties and social texture and was
followed immediately by the war over Nagorno-Karabakh. Ten years later
the country is at peace and busy rebuilding its economy, though the
legacy of the conflict and significant sources of insecurity remain.

The May 1994 ceasefire that ended the war marked a military victory
for Armenian forces, but there is no real peace. There are no
mechanisms on the ground to prevent the conflict from restarting, and
the negotiation process is stalled. Now that Azerbaijan is drawing
significant dividends from its oil industry and developing military
partnerships with, among others, the U.S., Turkey and Pakistan, there
is a temptation among certain forces in Baku to consider trying to
retake the enclave. Such a conflict would have disastrous consequences
for the entire Caucasus, perhaps even spilling-over to affect
simmering disputes in South Ossetia and Abkhazia. Until Armenia and
Azerbaijan solve the Nagorno-Karabakh problem peacefully (an issue to
be addressed in a subsequent ICG report), it is unrealistic to talk
about long-term stability and full economic cooperation in the region.

The March 2003 Presidential elections were a missed opportunity for
the state to demonstrate in practice its commitment to democracy and
the rule of law. An uneasy political stalemate has set in, with the
opposition boycotting the Parliament and the government refusing to
implement the Constitutional Court’s recommendation to organise a
popular referendum on the legitimacy of the 2003
elections. Opportunities to express political grievances freely —
through fair elections, an active parliament, and open media — remain
limited. Consequently many choose to disengage from politics or to
migrate, while a handful resorts to street demonstrations or in some
instances violence.

Internal stability was most recently shaken during several weeks of
opposition protest in April 2004, which revealed the intensity of a
segment of the population’s dissatisfaction with the regime and its
policies. Yet, the numbers that turned out were relatively small and
did not represent the totality of those unhappy with existing economic
inequalities, high unemployment, worsening access to social services,
and corruption. While the present opposition — divided and seen by
many as more interested in regaining power than truly fixing the
system — does not have wide popular resonance, the situation could
become much more explosive if a charismatic leader emerged.

Armenia has benefited from substantial macroeconomic growth in the
past ten years. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, currently over 10
per cent annually, is driven by the construction, manufacturing, food
processing, diamond cutting, and tourism sectors. A large and
committed diaspora and remittances from Armenians working abroad have
guaranteed a steady influx of money. However, the fruits of
development have been felt by only the relative few. Per capita
monthly income remains under $80.

Armenia has difficult relations with its immediate neighbours,
Azerbaijan, Turkey and Georgia, while cultivating good ties with its
larger partners, especially Russia, Iran, and the U.S. The Southern
Caucasus badly needs economic integration to sustain its nascent
growth but this is impeded by the Nagorno-Karabakh problem. Yerevan is
excluded from participation in all major regional trade and East-West
pipeline projects, mostly as a consequence of the unresolved
conflict. There is a growing feeling in Armenia that as Turkey,
Azerbaijan and Georgia link up, Armenia is being purposely
isolated. Increased integration would not only help Armenia address
economic inequalities within its borders but also promote regional
confidence building and increase the chances of peaceful negotiations
with Azerbaijan.

To guarantee its stability, Armenia needs to supplement economic
success with robust democratisation and strengthened rule of law. By
using force to stop street protests in April 2004, President Kocharian
and his advisors showed they are unlikely to welcome calls to make
Armenia a more tolerant, democratic and less corrupt state. Yet, as
Western European institutions and the U.S. increase their engagement,
they should condition additional support and funding on reform. Even
as its co-operation with Russia and Iran increases, Armenia is aware
that it cannot exclude potential partners and that it must extend its
ties to avoid isolation. Ultimately this is most likely to occur when
it sits down with Azerbaijan and finds the durable solution to the
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict that is in both countries’ fundamental
interest.

RECOMMENDATIONS

To the Leadership of Armenia:

1. Make appointment of members to electoral boards, including the
Central Election Commission, transparent and bring to account those
responsible for election fraud and violations.

2. Conduct a credible and public investigation into the behaviour of
law enforcement agencies during the April 2004 demonstrations, reform
laws and law enforcement agencies so as to end administrative
detention and severe physical ill-treatment in pre-trial detention,
and improve the judiciary by training and appointing new and
additional judges, and by increasing the Justice Ministry budget so it
can provide better working conditions for judges.

3. Guarantee full freedom of media, require the Broadcasting
Commission to meet and allocate new frequencies yearly, investigate
cases of harassment of journalists, and allow ownership of independent
electronic media outlets by persons not affiliated with government
circles.

4. Implement the recommendations of the international community for a
truly independent and permanent anti-corruption commission with a
mandate to conduct transparent investigations and prosecutions.

5. Implement the recommendations of the Council of Europe’s Venice
Commission on proposed constitutional changes.

6. Develop economic and legislative incentives to encourage small and
medium-sized business, such as tax breaks, better access to small
loans, and protection from administrative harassment.

To the Opposition:

7. Counter the perception that the opposition is only interested in
regime change by developing issue-based platforms on key political and
economic topics, including anti-corruption strategy and youth and
rural-oriented programs.

To the United States and the European Union (EU):

8. Condition development aid to progress on democratic reforms,
including rule of law and independent media.

To the Council of Europe (COE):

9. Continue to press Armenia to respect its commitments as a COE
member to hold free and fair elections, to investigate allegations of
election fraud without delay, and to uphold the rule of law, including
by abolishing administrative detention and severe physical
ill-treatment during pre-trial detention.

To Russia:

10. Protect Armenian migrants working in Russia from harassment and
abuse and guarantee their security from extremist groups.

To Turkey:

11. Agree with Armenia on the technical modalities involved and open
the border.

Yerevan/Brussels, 18 October 2004

http://www.icg.org/home/index.cfm?l=1&amp

Refugees Fear They Can Be Driven From Their Homes

A1 Plus | 20:54:39 | 18-10-2004 | Social |

REFUGEES FEAR THEY CAN BE DRIVEN FROM THEIR HOMES

People, who fled their homes in Baku 15 years ago and took refuge in
Armenia, are now under threat of being evicted from their current homes in
Yerevan. They made the building, where Communist party’s higher school was
functioning in Communist epoch, their home and served it as shelter for
years.

Using their legitimate right for privatization of the premises in the event
of their careful treatment throughout a decade, the refugees appealed to
court and reached the success two years ago. However, Armenian Prosecutor’s
Office recently disputed the first instance court decision.

The case of one of the 17 families living there was discussed Monday in the
Court of Appeal.

The Ruben Sargssyan’s family case hearing was postponed to October 25
because of absence of one of the sides, a representative of the
municipality.

Sargssyan’s attorney made a plea demanding to suspend judge, Karine
Hakobyan. The judge has recently taken biased stance while presiding the
hearing of another family’s case and made unjust and illegal decision, the
lawyer explained.

Despite the explanation the lawyer’s motion was declined.

The judge Hakobyan displayed hostile attitude also toward the journalists
and cameramen, who were in the courtroom.

The AGBU and The Zoryan Institute Present Two Lectures on Karabakh i

THE ARMENIAN GENERAL BENEVOLENT UNION
and
THE ZORYAN INSTITUTE

present an evening with

DR. GEORGE BOURNOUTIAN
(Iona College and Columbia University)
&
MR. VARDAN BARSEGHYAN
(Permanent Representative of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
in the United States)

discussing

“The Armeno-Azeri Academic Conflict over Karabakh”
and
“The Current Situation Regarding the Independence of
Nagorno-Karabakh and International Law”

Friday, October 29, 2004, 8:00 p.m.
AGBU Community Centre
930 Progress Avenue, Scarborough

Admission: nominal
Refreshments

Georgian President Comments on Abkhaz Election Outcome

GEORGIAN PRESIDENT COMMENTS ON ABKHAZ ELECTION OUTCOME

Imedi TV, Tbilisi
18 Oct 04

(Presenter) I cannot say whether a rose revolution has taken place in
Abkhazia, although it is a fact that our enemies are worried because
their hopes were dashed, says President Saakashvili. (Passage omitted)

(Saakashvili, speaking to journalists) I do not want to draw any
comparisons (between Georgia and) Abkhazia. (Abkhaz presidential
candidate Sergey) Bagapsh himself says that this was a new rose
revolution. However, one thing is clear that our worst enemies have
had their plans thwarted. I am happy about that.

I cannot say that I am very optimistic about these other people
though. One thing is clear. No-one should stick their nose into
Abkhazia. I do not advise anyone to meddle with people in Abkhazia,
certainly not the local people and especially not the vulnerable
Georgian residents of Gali District.

We are watching the situation very closely. We want peace, not war.

We now have adequate resources in place to ensure that the public are
protected and we certainly do not intend to back down. No-one will be
allowed to expel anyone, neither Georgian locals nor those of any
other ethnicity, just as they have not been able to in other regions.

Abkhaz who have left Abkhazia should return, as should others such as
Estonians, Ukrainians, Greeks, Armenians and of course Georgians
should return. That’s the way it is.

Our enemies are very nervous. I am not worried about them being
nervous.

ASBAREZ Online [10-18-2004]

ASBAREZ ONLINE
TOP STORIES
01/02/2004
TO ACCESS PREVIOUS ASBAREZ ONLINE EDITIONS PLEASE VISIT OUR
WEBSITE AT <;HTTP://

1) European Armenian Federation Starts First Convention
2) Yeshiva Student Apologizes to Archbishop for Spitting
3) Georgia, Azerbaijan Link Baku-Ceyhan Pipeline
4) Armenian Team Solid at 36th Chess Olympiad
5) LETTERS

1) European Armenian Federation Starts First Convention

BRUSSELS (Combined Sources)–The two-day Convention of European Armenians
officially commenced on October 18 at the European Parliament, Brussels.
Located in the very heart of the European district, the Parliament is the main
institution of the Union.
Organized by the European Armenian Federation, the first ever convention is
designed as a forum for all organizations and political, economic, cultural,
and religious groups to share ideas and concerns on topics of importance to
the
Armenian communities across Europe including Armenian culture and identity in
Europe, EU-Armenia relations, and the stakes involved in European Union
enlargement.
European citizens of Armenian descent currently number more than two million,
stemming from three large waves of immigration that resulted from the genocide
perpetrated by Ottoman Turkey (1915), war in the middle-east (1975), and the
fall of the USSR (1991). Though well integrated in the economic, social, and
cultural life of their new countries, they have kept their identity and
interest in Armenian issues.
As the 21st century dawns, Armenia and the Armenians are confronted with new
expectations, new hopes, but also with new dangers. With this in mind, the
conference will address the challenges Armenia faces in a changing
international environment, its strategies for success, as well as the European
diaspora’s role in assisting Armenia in this regard.
Speakers include: Alexis Govciyan, President of “Europe de la Mémoire”
(Europe
of Remembrance); Jules Mardirossian, Chairman of the Armenian Studies
Documentation, and Information Center in France; Marie Anne Isler-Béguin,
Chairwoman of the EU-South Caucasus Delegation; Vahan Zanoyan, International
expert on energetic issues, and CEO of Petroleum Finance Corporation; Mourad
Papazian, Chairman of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation, Western Europe,
among others.
“With this first European Convention, we are not aiming to establish any
superstructure that would replace the various organizations dealing with
Armenian issues in Europe. Rather, we aim to create a framework for free
expression that will enable the shared positions and opinions of the European
communities to emerge,” said Hilda Tchoboian, chairwoman of the European
Armenian Federation.
Within the prestigious setting of the European parliament, the European
Armenians will be able, for the first time, to share their hopes and concerns
with the Union’s political decision-makers.

2) Yeshiva Student Apologizes to Archbishop for Spitting

JERUSALEM (Haaretz)–A yeshiva student who spat at the Armenian archbishop in
Israel and at a 17th-century cross during last week’s procession marking the
Exaltation of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem’s Old City has met with heads of the
Armenian community and apologized for his actions, police said Sunday.
The student, Natan Zvi Rosenthal, explained that he was raised to see
Christianity as idol worship, which is forbidden by the Torah. Rosenthal’s
rabbis from the Har Hamor Yeshiva in Jerusalem–who, along with his father,
were present at the meeting–said they regretted the incident, and that they
educate their students to be courteous to others. The rabbis said Rosenthal
was
the first of their students to be involved in such an incident.
Har Hamor is considered an elite yeshiva, one highly esteemed among the
nationalist ultra-Orthodox population.
The Armenian archbishop, Nourhan Manougian, said he and his coreligionists
accept the apology and that their religion commands them to forgive Rosenthal.
The police spokesman said the apology will not affect its decision on whether
Rosenthal should be indicted for spitting at the procession.
The meeting took place last Thursday at the police station in the Old City,
but police did not publicize it until Sunday, when the police commander in
charge of holy sites, Chief Superintendent Shlomo Ra’anan, reported it to the
Knesset Interior and Environment Committee.
The committee was holding an emergency meeting to discuss the harassment of
Christian clergymen in Jerusalem, which had been reported in Haaretz.
Participants in the meeting, including Christian clergymen and
representatives
from ministries and the Jerusalem Municipality, confirmed that the problem was
widespread and that incidents of harassment were not generally reported to the
police.
Ra’anan said police have received only three complaints in the last few years
on the issue, saying “no one expects us to have a police officer protecting
every priest.”
But the harassment continues. A few days ago, Stars of David were
spray-painted on the entrance to the Monastery of the Cross, not far from the
Knesset. The Holy Trinity Russian Orthodox Cathedral, located near the
Jerusalem police headquarters in the Russian Compound, has suffered similar
vandalism.
In addition, officials at a church located near several yeshivas complained
that yeshiva students were watching them through binoculars and making
offensive gestures when they passed by. Churches located near Jewish areas in
Mount Zion, the Jewish Quarter of the Old City and in Mea She’arim complained
that neighbors had thrown garbage into their yards.
Interior and Environment Committee chairman MK Yuri Stern (National Union)
said these incidents are unacceptable and stem from ignorance and stupidity.
Stern, who heads the Knesset lobby for advancement of relations with Christian
communities, said the content and the tone of the way in which Christianity is
mentioned in schools must be changed.
The committee decided to turn to Education Minister Limor Livnat to establish
a forum for Jewish and Christian clergymen, and called on police to intensify
their watch on Christian sites.

3) Georgia, Azerbaijan Link Baku-Ceyhan Pipeline

BEUK KASIK, Azerbaijan (Reuters)–Azeri and Georgian presidents linked
parts of
a 1 million barrels per day Baku-Ceyhan pipeline (BTC) on Saturday despite a
new postponement in construction of its Georgian section.
The $3.6 billion BP-led pipeline will deliver oil from the BP-operated
Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli oil fields in the Caspian Sea to the Mediterranean port
of Ceyhan.
The pipeline, which crosses Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Turkey, is almost ready
and due to be finished in March, with the first tanker expected to load in the
second half of 2005.
The current delay in the construction of the Georgian part will not affect
the
first loading date, BTC Chief Executive Michael Townshend said.
“The full completion of the section is postponed by several months, to maybe
March 2005, because of a number of delays in Georgia,” Townshend told
Reuters.
“Such moments are natural for the fulfillment of a project of an
international
scale, but it will in no way affect our plans to load the first tanker with
Azeri oil in the second half of 2005. On the whole, the construction of the
Baku-Ceyhan pipeline will be completed in the first half of 2005.”
In July, construction of the Georgian part of the pipeline was halted for two
weeks for environmental review by the Georgian government.
Once considered a stillborn project, the US-backed pipeline is designed to
help
producers of the oil-rich Caspian Sea reach international markets without
going
through Russia.
The BTC will pump around 200,000 bpd in 2005, 600,000 bpd in 2006 and hit
design capacity of 1 million bpd in 2008-9.
Besides BP, Baku-Ceyhan participants include Norway’s Statoil , Azeri state
oil company SOCAR, US Unocal and Japan’s Itochu .
BP-Azerbaijan President David Woodward told Reuters that the pipeline would
work for at least 20 years and would become profitable in 2013-2014.
Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli extractable reserves are estimated at 5.4 billion
barrels of oil. The bloc can be worked on until 2024.
SOCAR President Natik Iliyev told the ceremony that total Caspian Sea
reserves
amounted to 20 billion barrels of oil and 640 trillion cubic feet of gas,
making the region the world’s 10th biggest by energy reserves.
Georgian President Mikhail Saakashvili, who became president of the
impoverished state last year after a ‘velvet’ revolution, said the pipeline
had
become another link in the Georgian-Azeri relations.
“This project will not solve all Georgia’s problems, of course, but it will
allow it to be successfully integrated into the world community,” Saakashvili
said.
But a citizen of Georgia’s Khaletdin-mualim village, located on the border
with Azerbaijan, where the pipeline was linked, said his hopes for the project
had been dashed.
“We did not get any money from the pipeline crossing our village,” said the
man, who declined to be named.
“Like before, we have serious problems with electricity, gas and we lost all
hope that our life will become better.”
But an inhabitant of an Azeri village of Beuk Kasik, Elmetdin Memedov,
said he
was happy to get compensation for the pipeline crossing his plot of land.

4) Armenian Team Solid at 36th Chess Olympiad

CALVIA–After four rounds of competition at the 36th Chess Olympiad, Armenia’s
national chess team (ranked 4th) tied with Bosnia Herzegovina (2-2) in round
four, and beat its Estonian, Mongolian, and Uzbek rivals in the first three
rounds, to hold 6th place. Ukraine was leading after the third round of
competitions that will continue until October 31 in Majorca, Spain.
Unlike the men, the Armenian women have not been performing successfully;
only
one victory was garnered, by Elena Danelyan, after the third round, placing
the
Armenian women’s team at 28th.

5) LETTERS

Dear Editor:

Some Republican Armenians are trying to convince us that the economic
policies
of the Bush administration were beneficial to Armenian Americans. I would like
to argue that the Bush administration was perfect for rich Americans,
including
rich Armenian Americans, and it was damaging for the rest of us.
During 2000, the Federal Government was experiencing a significant budget
surplus of $236 billion. After Bush entered the White house, in 2001, the
surplus went down to $127 billion. During 2002, the surplus was transformed
into a deficit of $158 billion. During 2003, the deficit almost doubled to
$375
billion; finally in 2004, the deficit ballooned to $440 billion.
How can we explain this drastic, rapid, and unprecedented shift from
significant amount of surplus to a huge deficit?
First, President Bush emphasizes that the 2001 recession caused the deficit.
But President Bush himself says that the duration of the 2001 recession was
shortMarch to December of 2001and was mild; therefore, it could not have had a
major impact. It could have some effect during 2001 and 2002, but not during
the next two years.
Second, the war in Afghanistan and especially in Iraq caused the military
expenditure to increase. In 2004 it reached almost $470 billion. Our military
expenditure is almost equal to the military expenditure of the rest of the
world combined.
Third, and the most important cause of the increase of the deficit is the
sharp reduction of government tax revenuesmainly from corporations and the
wealthy, caused by two reductions in taxesfirst, during 2001, and then during
2003.
President Bush argues that 111 million Americans received a tax cut. That is
true; however, the vast majority of the benefit went to the people with an
annual income of more than $300,000or the richest 5%. Most families received a
tax reduction of less than $800, while the richest 1% with an income of more
than $1,000,000 received on average a tax cut of $80,000 each.
According to the Congressional Budget Office, which is supervised by the
Republican Congress, $270 billion of the $440 billion budget deficit of 2004
was caused by the reduction in tax revenues. President Bush does not mention
this aspect of the tax cut.
The reduction of income taxes during 2003 was significant, because for the
first time in our history, our government reduced taxes during a war. During
previous wars taxes were increased, with the logic that when soldiers die on
the battlefields, the rest of the population, at home, should at least bear a
part of the burden of the war and pay higher taxes. While our soldiers were
dying during 2003, at home the rich families were enjoying a significant
reduction of taxes.
The Bush administration justifies the tax cut, saying it would stimulate the
economy and create jobs. Until now, however, the tax reduction for the rich is
not creating the expected results; we are, instead, experiencing huge budget
deficits.
President Bush emphasizes that the economy created 1.9 million jobs during
the
past year. This is true; he does not mention, however, that since he came to
the office in January 2001 until now, the economy lost more than 600,000 jobs.
There are fewer employed people today than in the beginning of 2001even though
there are more people living in the country. No other president has had a
similar record for the past 70 years.
It is true that during the past four years, the productivity of labor has
increased; this has not, however, generated higher wages; corporate profits
have increased as a result.
Historically, when labor productivity has increased, workers shared the
benefit of that increased productivity, and wages went up. But
currentlybecause
of weak labor unions, employers do not feel pressure to share the benefits of
an increase in labor productivity with their employees.
It is true that since 2002 the economy and the average income, which includes
wages, profits, interest and rent, have grown. During this period, however,
wages and salaries adjusted for inflation hardly increased, which implies that
the rising average income is not the result of higher wages. It was rather the
result of rising profitsspecifically profits of large corporations, which went
up significantly.
Meanwhile, according to Census Bureau, the poverty rate increased during
2001,
2002, and 2003. In 2003, it reached 12.5% of population. Also during 2003,
the
number of people without health insurance increased from 43.6 million to 45
million.
Thus, the benefits of the growing economy, rising income, and increasing
productivity were going mainly to the rich and primarily to major shareholders
of large corporations. One indication of this is that during the 2003
Christmas
season, expensive stores did very well, while sales at low end retail chains
were weak.
Following a conservative ideology, President Bush is trying to reduce
government revenues in order to justify reduction in social programs such as
social security and Medicare. When the government is experiencing a budget
surplus, it is difficult to justify cuts in social programs, education, and
health care.
However, when there is a budget deficit, the government can rationalize cuts
in social programs, education, and social security, saying it could they could
not afford them.
While the Bush administration started with a significant budget surplus, they
quickly turned the surplus into a deficit, and then tried to argue that the
government could not afford to provide funding for education, health care,
Social Security, and Medicare. Public college tuitions were raised, and health
care benefits and social programs were cut; there is even suggestion of
privatizing Social Security.
Meanwhile, the huge budget deficits created by the Bush administration are
causing our national debt to increase rapidlyand while the rich enjoy tax cuts
today, causing the deficit to increase further, our children and we will
end up
paying this debt.
Clearly the richest 5 percent of the population are benefiting from Bush’s
economic policies while the rest of us are suffering. Most Armenians Americans
are part of that 95 percent of the population and not the richest 5 percent.
Therefore, most Armenian Americans are also suffering from President Bush’s
economic policies.

Ara Khanjian

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Appeal : Appeal to Armenian Authorities

Appeal

APPEAL TO ARMENIAN AUTHORITIES

Canada Averted Terrorism

Azg/am
19 Oct 04

Armen Qyurkchian, representative of Canada, wrote a letter to the
foreign minister of Armenia Vartan Oskanian on behalf of the central
administrationof the World Armenian Organization. He drew minister’s
attention to the fact that the authorities of Canada displayed wisdom
and foresight and didn’tgive in to the USA’s pressure to support in
the Iraqi war thus averting the danger of terrorism. The author of the
letter notes with pain that in case Armenia sends a group in Iraq,
security not only of the Diaspora but also of Armenia will be put
under danger.

Armen Qyurkchian expresses hope that Armenian authorities will break
their promises to America and will put nation’s interests first.

By Nana Petrosian

“Cilicia” to Winter in Venice

“CILICIA” TO WINTER IN VENICE

Azg/am
19 Oct 04

On October 14, “Cilicia” arrived in Venice and moored by the Island of
St. Lazarus, one of the centers of Armenian culture. The first part
of the program envisaged by Ayas club members is already carried
out. The members of the crew are already getting ready for winter.
>From Poti to Venice the ship had 22 stations. They passed across 7
seas and visited 11 countries in 93 days. All the Armenians followed
the voyage of “Cilicia” with great interest. RA President Robert
Kocharian sent a message to the members of the crew reading: “It is
over three weeks that we attentively follow your courageous voyage on
the copy of the 13-th century Cilicia ship. You carried with pride the
flag of our motherland on “Cilicia” after 800 years. Today is a day of
joy. You reachedthe harbor of Venice. I congratulate you with
finishing the first part of your long voyage. I wish you health and
successful return.”

The sailors also think that their main goal is attained and, giving
excellent mark to their activities, they state that all the possible
was done on higher level. They only regret that they couldn’t take
time for visiting Egypt. But it is already an undeniable fact that the
members of Ayas club are already sailors, men of sea.

“Cilicia” participated in the international parade of sailing ships,
carrying the Armenian flag among the fags of other countries.
Afterwards, the ship will stay moored in the former military harbor of
Venice during the whole winter. The Armenian sailors will be back to
Armenia by the end of October.

By Tamar Minasian