Official: Armenia not considering leaving Russia-led military coalition despite summit snub

The Kyiv Independent, Ukraine
Nov 24 2023
by Martin Fornusek

Armenia is not considering leaving the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), the country's Deputy Foreign Minister Mnatsakan Safarian said on Nov. 23, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty reported.

The statement comes shortly after Yerevan's decision not to attend today's summit of the Russia-led military coalition in Minsk, attracting criticism from Belarusian and Russian leaders.

The CSTO is an international military alliance consisting of Belarus, Russia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Armenia.

The summit, chaired by Belarusian dictator Alexander Lukashenko and attended by his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin, will reportedly focus on "issues of international and regional security" and Kazakhstan's upcoming presidency.

Despite the snub, Armenia also does not currently plan to discuss the withdrawal of Russian military bases on Armenian territory that host thousands of Russian troops, Safarian said.

"At the moment, there are no such topics on our agenda," the Armenian official told journalists.

Tensions between Yerevan and Moscow have been mounting as Russia failed to halt Azerbaijan's offensive against Nagorno-Karabakh despite deploying peacekeepers in the region since the last war in 2020.

Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan implied that Russia failed to live up to its commitments as an ally, adding that he sees no further use in the continued presence of Russian military bases in the country.

The rift between the two formal allies has been further manifested in Armenia's refusal to participate in CSTO maneuvers in Kyrgyzstan or the coalition's ministerial meetings.

As worries grow that Baku may expand its aggression even to Armenian soil, the South Caucasian country has been looking further west for new allies, securing military aid from France.

Armenia not planning to quit CSTO – Foreign Ministry

Kyrgyzstan - Nov 24 2023

AKIPRESS.COM - Armenia does not consider possible withdrawal from the Collective Security Treaty Organization and Eurasian Economic Union and does not plan to raise the issue of withdrawal of the 102nd Russian military base from Gyumri, Deputy Foreign Minister Mnatsakan Safaryan said, Tass reported.

"There are no such themes on our agenda now," he said.

Prime Minister Pashinyan skipped CSTO Summit in Minsk on November 23.

Armenia also skipped the joint meeting of the CSTO Council of Foreign Ministers, Defense Ministers and Security Council Secretaries.

CSTO includes Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan.

https://akipress.com/news:744959:Armenia_not_planning_to_quit_CSTO_-_Foreign_Ministry/

Sports: IBA World Junior Championships. Armenian boxers start with four knockouts

Inside the Games
Nov 25 2023

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  •  Friday,

Yerevan has become the center of many boxing events recently. The capital of Armenia hosted the EUBC European Championships in 2022, the 2023 EUBC Youth European Boxing Championships and several IBA congresses. And now the 2023 IBA World Junior Championships are held in Mika sport complex in Yerevan.

A great opening ceremony on November 23 set the high bar for the tournament. Athletes from 51 participating nations were greeted by IBA president Umar Kremlev. “It is crucial that our grassroots boxers have the conditions to compete. Children are our future, and none of them should be left alone. I congratulate everybody on this great celebration of junior boxing! Dear athletes, I wish the strongest would win, and we will be guarantors of the fair fights. Good luck to everybody”, said Kremlev in his speech.

And today the stage was already full of exciting bouts as the preliminary rounds of 48, 52, 57 and 63 kg weight categories had begun.

The first bout of the day brought a big joy to the home crowd. 48 kg boxer from Armenia Vagharshak Keyan knocked down his rival Lee Seunghun three times in the second round and claimed the victory by technical knockout. Armenian boxers were dominant on the first day of the competition. Not only Keyan but 52 kg boxer Aren Kharatyan, 57 kg boxer Tigran Makichyan and 63 kg boxer Alik Ktshoyan won their bouts by technical knockouts. They promoted four from four to the next round of the competitions.

It was a perfect day also for Russian boxers who had two representatives in the first day of the competitions. 52 kg Maksim Chaplygin and 57 kg boxer Platon Kozlov won their preliminary bouts with great confidence.

Uzbekistan, like Armenia, had four boxers on the opening day, but only three of them advanced to the next round. Abdulaziz Abdunazoaov (48 kg), Pahlavonjon Ibrohimov (57 kg) and Khikhmatilo Ulmasov (63 kg) defeated their rivals, but 52 kg boxer Ibrokim Giyosov lost his bout to Amantur Dzhumaev from Kyrgyzstan. 

Another strong performance was shown by the Irish team. Three boxers from the Republic of Ireland were in action on the first day and all of them – Christian Doyle (52 kg), Patrick Kelly (57 kg) and John Maher (63 kg) won their bouts with unanimous decisions. 

Javier Martinez Derlys from Ecuador and Dzmitry Sarokin from Belarus produced one of the closest bouts of the day in the 63 kg weight category. At the end of the bout 3 judges gave the victory to the Ecuadorian and the latter won with split decision, though Sarokin didn’t agree with the judges.

Tomorrow boxers from 4 more weight categories will step to the ring and have their bouts in the preliminary round.

https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1142657/iba-world-junior

Sports: IBA World Junior Championships. Russia still perfect, Armenia loses one

Inside the Games
Nov 25 2023

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  •  Saturday,

The second competitive day of the 2023 IBA World Junior Championships in Yerevan has ended, and for the host country Armenia, it went almost as well as yesterday.

But the joy for the home crowd was spoiled at the end of the day, when 80 kg boxer Hayk Ghahramanyan lost his third place fight to South Korea’s Park Damhyeon with split decision. The other three boxers from Armenia advanced to the next round. Arno Darchinyan (46 kg) and Andranik Martirosyan (60 kg) won their bouts with great confidence, and Vahagn Galstyan (54 kg) defeated Belorussian Aliaksi Kazuseu with split decision.

Though the defeat of Kazuseu, it was not a bad day at all for the Belarussian boxers. Four others of their representatives claimed their spot in the next round. Siarhei Zayats (46 kg) was stronger than Mohamed Al Mandouchi from Germany, Uladzislau Kaurau (60 kg) defeated Ashkan Hashemi from Iran, Ivan Siniak (66 kg) stopped Indian boxer Prashant and Andrei Rumiantsau (80 kg) outboxed Alexander Popal from Germany.

Russia had three boxers in the second competitive day, and all of them advanced to the next round. Islam Magomedov (46 kg), Roman Bogdanov (60 kg) and Bairakhman Ashurov (80 kg) won their bouts with unanimous decisions.

Uzbekistan also had 4 boxers on the second day, and only Muhammadrizo Siddikov lost his bout to Russia’s Ashurov. The other three athletes Abdurakhmon Makhmudjonov (46 kg), Furizjon Sadullaev (60 kg) and Akbar Ahmadov (66 kg) won their first bouts in the tournament.

On the other hand, it was a day full of bitterness for another Asian country – Kazakhstan. All of their four representatives lost their bouts. Aidos Ussenov (46 kg) lost to Dzhakhingir Kamilov from Tajikistan, Bekaris Nurmukhan (66 kg) was outboxed by Ahmadov from Uzbekistan. Zhassulan Berdaly (70 kg) exited from yhe tournament after being defeated by Pawel Urbanski from Poland, and Bakytzhan Aiytmukhanov lost to Taipei's Guan-Hao Pan in a narrow battle.

On the third day the stage will be prepared for the women’s tournament.  The 1/8 finals of women’s 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 57 and 60 kg weight categories will take place at the Mika sport complex in Yerevan on November 26.

Turkish Press: Armenia’s Pashinian claims discussion on enclave exchange evolving with Azerbaijan

Nov 25 2023
Politics  |Editor : Kevser Erbay
2023-11-25 09:42:03 | Last Update : 2023-11-25 10:48:03

Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan addressed the ongoing discussions regarding the potential exchange of enclaves between Armenia and Azerbaijan. 

Pashinyan confirmed talks had occurred with Baku, emphasizing the need for a peaceful resolution. The proposed options include confirming sovereignty over specific territories or maintaining the current situation under legal validation. Pashinyan highlighted the forthcoming peace treaty as the platform for resolving these issues.

Tensions between the two nations trace back to the early '90s when Armenia occupied Nagorno-Karabakh and surrounding regions, recognized internationally as part of Azerbaijan. A significant portion of this territory was reclaimed by Azerbaijan during the 2020 conflict, mediated by Russia, paving the way for normalization.

Recent events include an Azerbaijani anti-terrorism operation in Karabakh, resulting in the surrender of separatist forces. Azerbaijan, now asserting full control in the region, has extended invitations for the Armenian population in Karabakh to integrate into Azerbaijani society.

The dialogue between Armenia and Azerbaijan remains ongoing, with the hope of finding a diplomatic resolution to longstanding territorial disputes.

Source: Anadolu Agency

https://www.turkiyenewspaper.com/politics/17337

Pashinyan answers Armenian citizens’ questions for eight hours: main points


Nov 24 2023


  • JAMnews
  • Yerevan

Pashinyan’s answers to questions from Armenians

The press conference of the Armenian Prime Minister lasted for more than eight hours with short breaks. This time it was held in a new format without journalists. Nikol Pashinyan answered citizens’ video questions, which were very different in thematic terms — the treatment of specific people, payment of pensions and other social problems. There were also questions concerning the country’s security, the signing of a peace treaty with Azerbaijan, and Armenian-Russian relations.


  • “Take aid to Armenia off the agenda” – Yerevan’s appeal to the CSTO
  • “We are not satisfied with many things” – Armenian Foreign Minister on relations with Russia
  • “Entrust Armenia’s security to an American private company” – political scientist

Has Armenia decided to withdraw from the CSTO military bloc operating under the auspices of Russia? There is no definite and final answer to this question yet. Tthe prime minister, who has repeatedly spoken of the allies’ failure to fulfill their obligations, is still waiting for clarification:

“We want to do everything possible to fully understand the CSTO and make our position clear to the military alliance.”

At the same time, Pashinyan is aware that if all the potential for clarifying relations is considered exhausted, Armenian society has the right to ask why the government does not leave the organization. As he put it, “a structure that gives nothing to the Republic of Armenia and, on the contrary, creates additional problems for the security system.”

The Prime Minister emphasized that the government has the political will to make decisions that meet the interests of the country:

“If there was no such will, there would be no critical statements from Yerevan regarding the activities of the bloc. The de facto actions or inactions of the CSTO do not correspond to the obligations of the organization towards Armenia and do not correspond to Armenia’s interests.

Moreover, membership in the CSTO is an insurmountable obstacle to support and cooperation with other partners. We have to make decisions that meet our interests. If at the moment we have made a decision or have not made a decision, our reference point is the state interest of Armenia”.

One person asked how the government intends to solve the issue of undelivered weapons from Russia, for which the country paid millions of dollars. Pashinyan replied that the discussion of mechanisms for solving this problem is ongoing:

“For example, one of the options could be to deduct the amount paid from the Republic of Armenia’s debt to Russia. And this is not the only option. The Russian Federation itself needs arms. We are determined to solve the issue in a businesslike manner and hope the negotiations will yield concrete results”.

A question was raised whether the government plans to deprive Russian TV channels of airtime in connection with recent scandalous incidents and the airing of programs containing anti-Armenian propaganda.

Pashinyan replied that the airing of Russian TV channels in Armenia is agreed upon by interstate agreement. Armenian state structures have been recording violations of the clauses in this agreement.

“There is a clear regulation that [in the content of TV channels] there cannot be interference in the internal affairs of the country, attempts to destabilize the internal political situation.”

However, given its friendly relations with Russia, the Ministry of High-Tech Industry has officially invited Russian colleagues for consultations “to find solutions.”

“I hope that these consultations will take place as soon as possible so that we can resolve this issue in a normal, working, friendly atmosphere.”

The Prime Minister was asked this question from the town of Meghri in Syunik region, southern Armenia. Pashinyan replied that the government does not single out Syunik as a vulnerable zone in terms of security.

“There are also security problems in Tavush, Gegharkunik, Ararat, Vayots Dzor. These problems are obvious, they should be neither underestimated nor overestimated.”

According to the PM, Syunik is one of the most economically active regions of the country. Over the past 5 years the government has invested more than 100 billion drams [$250 million] in the region and is implementing numerous projects, including with the financial support of the European Union.

“All this is done in order to give a clear political signal: all our plans related to Syunik are related to strategic development, welfare and economic activity.”

He emphasized that Meghri city itself is included in the concept of developing Armenia’s transportation system, unblocking regional communications under the government’s “Crossroads of the World” project.

The reason, according to the Prime Minister, is that “Azerbaijan’s policy of ethnic cleansing has not changed.”

“In conditions when the displaced have no opportunity to return to the places where they were born and lived, the government’s policy is the following: to do everything so that they stay in Armenia and do not leave,” he said.

Pashinyan said that immediately after their arrival in Armenia, the impression was that many would leave. There was a large flow of Karabakh Armenians who left for other countries. According to the Prime Minister, statistics shows that then they returned.

“In order to solve the security problem, the Armenian government is pursuing a peace agenda. We have also ensured rather strong international consolidation on the issues of defense of territorial integrity, sovereignty, independence and democracy of the Republic of Armenia.”

He believes that there is no absolute security in the current situation in the world and it is necessary to form reliable security mechanisms in these new conditions. He is convinced that only “de jure enshrined and binding peace” can provide 100 percent security, which he is seeking.

According to the Prime Minister, it is not clear at the moment whether Azerbaijan is ready to sign a peace agreement with Armenia based on the three principles agreed upon during the talks in the Brussels format:

“We cannot say with certainty that Azerbaijan refuses to sign an agreement based on these principles, but neither can we say that Baku reaffirms its commitment to these three principles.”

Earlier, Pashinyan said the following three principles were agreed upon with Azerbaijan during trilateral meetings held in Brussels on May 14 and July 15, 2023:

  • “Armenia and Azerbaijan recognize each other’s territorial integrity with the understanding that Armenia’s territory is 29,800 square kilometers and Azerbaijan’s territory is 86,600 square kilometers.
  • The 1991 Alma-Ata Declaration is the political basis for the delimitation of the border between Armenia and Azerbaijan. In fact, there is also an understanding that the delimitation should utilize the 1974-1990 maps of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union. It is also agreed that Armenia and Azerbaijan have no territorial claims against each other and undertake not to make such claims in the future.
  • Regional transport should be unblocked on the basis of sovereignty, jurisdiction, reciprocity and equality of countries”.

During the upcoming talks, the Prime Minister intends to clarify these issues and make conclusions:

“Although there was a statement from Baku that Azerbaijan recognizes the territorial integrity of the Republic of Armenia, we need specifics on what they mean by that.”

More than 100 captives have returned home, the prime minister said. But he is dissatisfied with the fact that it was not possible to achieve positive results on the remaining prisoners.

“Baku is using the humanitarian issue for political purposes, which is illogical. We express our willingness to be flexible and work with Azerbaijan so that the captives return. We are even ready to exchange Azerbaijanis convicted [for crimes committed on Armenian territory, including murder], on the principle of all for all. We continue our work,” he said.

He said that in parallel with the negotiations, Armenia is appealing to the ECHR and other instances on the issue of prisoners.

Pashinyan did not answer the question about what Armenia is doing to free the leaders of the unrecognized NKR who are in captivity in Azerbaijan.

Siranush Sahakyan, a specialist in international law and a representative of the interests of Armenian prisoners in the ECtHR, believes that the videos were made under duress

When questioned about recognizing Abkhazia and South Ossetia as territories occupied by Russia, Pashinyan stated:

“I have stated several times in my public statements that we fully and unequivocally support the unity and statehood of Georgia. Our position is clear: we unequivocally support the unity, sovereignty, territorial integrity, independence, and democracy of Georgia.”

He also noted a change in Armenia’s votes at the UN on this issue, with Armenia abstaining from the vote since 2019, a move welcomed by the Georgian leadership.

https://jam-news.net/pashinyans-answers-to-questions-from-armenians/

Armenia hosts 2024 UNWTO Global Conference on Wine Tourism

Nov 25 2023

Armenia, will host the prestigious 2024 UNWTO Global Conference on Wine Tourism.

The country has a rich and ancient history in winemaking.

They made the announcement at this year’s event in La Rioja, Spain, where warm hospitality and a commitment to the spirit of the conference have set an inspiring precedent.

Now, the Tourism Committee of the Republic of Armenia steps forward to take on this responsibility.

The 2024 UNWTO Global Conference on Wine Tourism presents a unique opportunity for experts from across the growing field of wine tourism. It is to identify emerging trends and development opportunities.

It will bring together a diverse array of international participants.

That will be including representatives from public entities, destination management organizations (DMOs), global and intergovernmental bodies, esteemed wine experts and various other key stakeholders.

The 2024 UNWTO Global Conference on Wine Tourism in Armenia serves as an innovative forum to collaborate. It will also devise concrete solutions, making it an invaluable resource for the global wine tourism industry.

Armenia is eager to share its passion, expertise, showcase its illustrious wine heritage, and foster international collaborations within the wine tourism sector.

Among many exciting experiences that await at the 2024 UNWTO Global Conference on Wine Tourism, attendees will have the unique opportunity to explore the Areni-1 cave.

It is the world’s oldest winery discovered to date, dating back 6,100 years.

The conference, set to attract global wine enthusiasts and professionals, promises to be a milestone for the industry.

Sisian Boghossian, Head of the Tourism Committee of Armenia stated that they eagerly look forward to welcoming everyone to Armenia.

Here their landscapes resonate with the stories of their vineyards and the spirit of hospitality flows as generously as their finest wines.

The Tourism Committee of the Republic of Armenia and the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) look forward to welcoming participants at the 2024 UN World Tourism Organization Global Conference on Wine Tourism in Armenia in 2024.

PM Pashinyan: Armenia fully and unequivocally defends Georgia’s territorial integrity

European Interest
Nov 25 2023

On November 24, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan answered video questions of Armenian citizens. The Armenian Prime Minister stressed that Armenia fully and unequivocally supports the territorial integrity of Georgia. 

The public asked Pashinyan whether Armenia can recognise Abkhazia and South Ossetia as occupied territories.

“We fully and unequivocally defend the unity, sovereignty, territorial integrity, independence and democracy of Georgia,” the Prime Minister said.

Since August 2008, the Georgian territories of Abkhazia and South Ossetia have been under Russian occupation. The Russian forces created two “independent republics” not recognised by the UN. 

Pashinyan underlined noticeable differences in Armenia’s UN voting preferences before and after 2019.

After its independence, Armenia aligned with Russia and joined the Russia-led military alliance, the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO). The Kremlin also politically controlled the country.

However, after the 2018 Armenian Revolution, which consisted of pro-democracy, anti-government protests led by the actual PM Nikol Pasinyan, the relations between Armenia and Russia deteriorated. Since 2020, due to the developments in the Nagorno-Karabakh War and the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh, Armenia has moved a significant distance from the Kremlin.

Prime Minister Pasinyan is trying to bring his country closer to the EU and Western democracies.

Armenia and Georgia are increasing their cooperation and exchange of diplomatic support internationally and bilaterally.

On 17 November 2023, Prime Minister Pashinyan received a delegation from Georgia led by the Minister of Defence, Juansher Burchuladze.

During the meeting, the Armenian PM noted that relations between Armenia and Georgia continue to develop dynamically, and the two countries cooperate in various fields. 

The Prime Minister emphasised that this is important for the Armenian government.

During the meeting, the two parts discussed issues related to cooperation and exchange of experience in security and defence, as well as regional peace and stability.


Armenia, Saudi Arabia establish diplomatic ties

Nov 25 2023

Tbilisi, Nov 25 (EFE).- Armenia and Saudi Arabia have established diplomatic relations, the foreign ministry the country in the Caucasus said on Saturday.

A foreign ministry statement said the signing of the corresponding protocol took place on Friday in Abu Dhabi by the ambassadors of the two countries to the United Arab Emirates.

Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan said on Friday that Armenia and Saudi Arabia were in touch with each other for the past few years.

“Our foreign ministers have met twice, phone calls have taken place, contacts have taken place during various multilateral working discussions,” Pashinyan told reporters before the government formally announced diplomatic ties with the kingdom.

“I think the process is advancing, and I hope that Armenia and Saudi Arabia will soon establish diplomatic relations, which would be a very important and significant event,” he said.

After several disagreements with Russia, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan announced his intention to diversify the country’s foreign relations.

Saudi Arabia supported Christian Armenia in its conflict with Muslim Azerbaijan in the war for control of Nagorno-Karabakh in 2020, causing great discomfort in Azerbaijan’s main ally, Turkey.

Armenia, which gained independence in 1991 after the Soviet dissolution, maintains good relations with Iran, which opposed from the beginning the normalization of relations between Saudi Arabia and Israel.

According to some experts, it was one of the triggers for the current war between Israel and the Islamist group Hamas, which is backed by Tehran. EFE

mv-mos/ssk

 

How the Hamas-Israel war impacts the South Caucasus Iran

Amwaj
Nov 24 2023
Iran/Security - Fuad Shahbazov

The war between Hamas and Israel war has triggered strong anti-Israel sentiments in the region and heightened fears of a broader conflict engulfing actors such as Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey. Worried that the conflict in Gaza could escalate into a regional confrontation, the US has dispatched two aircraft carrier strike groups within range, including additional troops and military advisors.

But alongside tough rhetoric, the violence in Gaza has renewed apparent pragmatism by important regional states such as Iran and Turkey. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has openly slammed Israel's bombings of the Palestinian coastal enclave. On the other hand, Ankara has avoided issuing direct threats against Tel Aviv and, in an apparent unusual move, allegedly distanced itelf from Hamas in the aftermath of the Palestinian movement’s surprise attack on Israel last month.

Iran and its regional allies such as Lebanese Hezbollah and Yemen’s Ansarullah movement—better known as the Houthis—have adopted more hostile stances. Both Hezbollah and the Houthis have directly attacked Israel. However, Tehran itself has focused on the political track, pushing for Muslim countries to embargo Israel amid its campaign to galvanize anti-Israeli sentiment in the region. The call for an embargo has gained momentum in light of some Muslim countries’ decisions to downgrade ties with Israel—raising fears among some of Israel’s regional partners.

 

Gaza war puts pressure on Israel’s partners

The mounting criticism of Israel in the region has boosted fears among Tel Aviv’s main Muslim partners, including Azerbaijan. The conflict in Gaza is particularly relevant for Baku, as Tel Aviv’s top energy and military associate in the South Caucasus.

Some 40% of Israel's oil imports of around 300,000 barrels per day were sourced from Iraqi Kurdistan in the first quarter of 2023. That trade has been halted following Turkey's decision to stop oil flows through the Kirkuk-Ceyhan pipeline in March over a dispute with Baghdad. To fill the gap, Israel has reportedly turned to African producers and Brazil. Meanwhile, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan meet more than half of Israel's demand for oil.

Propelled by military cooperation, the partnership between Azerbaijan and Israel gained a new level of momentum in 2020, when Azerbaijani forces heavily relied on Israeli-made weaponry to regain control over the Nagorno-Karabakh region. Baku continues to rely on such arms to maintain military superiority over Armenia.

Following the recapture of Nagorno-Karabakh, the Baku-Tel Aviv partnership has morphed into a new geopolitical alliance. Important political steps have been taken, such as Azerbaijan’s opening of an embassy in Israel in March. This has raised eyebrows in neighboring Iran, particularly as an attack on the Azerbaijani embassy in Tehran earlier this year led Baku to shutter its diplomatic mission amid broader tensions.

In parallel with strengthening ties with Israel, Azerbaijan has developed strategic partnerships with leading Muslim countries—including Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates. While this is mainly due to Baku’s desire to pursue a balanced foreign policy strategy, Tehran has been wary of the deepening relations between its northwestern neighbor and a widening array of its regional rivals.

 

Continued cooperation despite pressure

Unlike Azerbaijan, the Christian countries in the South Caucasus—namely Armenia and Georgia—generally do not have strong ties with Muslim states. Armenia’s strong relations with Iran are an exception to this broader trend. Indeed, the ruling Georgian government has strongly criticized the Palestinian surprise attack on Israel. Tbilisi has also expressed its unwavering support for Tel Aviv—largely mirroring the pro-Israeli public sentiments in Georgia.

To avoid possible criticism from Muslim countries, Azerbaijan has denounced the harm inflicted on civilians in the Gaza Strip, underlining its full support for all relevant UN resolutions on the Israeli-Palestinian issue—including the establishment of a Palestinian state alongside a Jewish state. This stance is not new; Azerbaijan has insisted on these principles since the early 1990s. Perhaps surprisingly, this balanced approach has never been a catalyst for tension in the bilateral relationship with Israel.

Amid the fighting in Gaza and Iran’s resulting calls for an embargo on Israel, Baku has continued to maintain a close partnership with Tel Aviv—albeit while keeping a lower profile on the regional stage.

For instance, at the end of October, Azerbaijan reportedly shipped a tanker loaded with over one million barrels of crude oil to Israel's southern Red Sea port of Eilat. This was after the Ashkelon port on the Mediterranean Sea came under rocket fire from Hamas. Moreover, on Oct. 30, Israel awarded a consortium consisting of BP, NewMed Energy, and the State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic (SOCAR) a license to explore offshore natural gas deposits in the Mediterranean. The move notably came shortly after the Israeli government temporarily shut down the Tamar offshore gas field amid rocket attacks launched by Hamas from Gaza.

 

Looking ahead

The authorities and state media in Azerbaijan have not highlighted the recent significant milestones in the bilateral partnership with Israel for several reasons.

Undoubtedly, Azerbaijan believes that explicit deep engagement with Israel and praise of such an approach in state media amid the ongoing war in Gaza may provoke a reaction from Iran, a staunch supporter of Hamas. Conversely, the Israeli military campaign against Hamas and the ongoing domestic political turmoil in Israel may have geopolitical ramifications, such as a revival of assertive Iranian policy in the South Caucasus.

The bigger picture is that the violence in Gaza is diverting the west’s attention. As a result, regional powers like Iran and Russia may maneuver to fill the vacuum in places like the South Caucasus. To Azerbaijan, the potential strengthening of Iranian influence is hardly a positive factor, particularly amid Baku’s efforts to ink a peace agreement with neighbouring Armenia.

In addition to the regional power dynamics, the Hamas-Israel war puts the Azerbaijani government in an uncomfortable position at home. As recently as Nov. 17, Azerbaijani security forces arrested an armed suspect near the Israeli embassy in Baku who reportedly planned an attack. As a Muslim country, Azerbaijan is expected to demonstrate more profound solidarity with Palestine. However, Baku is—as in the past—acting on the basis of realpolitik, with a focus on relations built on shared interests.

Hence, even though Iran may adopt bellicose rhetoric against Azerbaijan for maintaining strategic ties with Israel amid the Gaza war, it is unlikely that Tehran will deliberately jeopardize its relationship with Baku, which is slowly recovering after years of mounting tensions. The recent diplomatic thaw between Azerbaijan and Iran has renewed the intraregional partnership and paved the way for new forms of cooperation, such as a new transit route linking Azerbaijan with its Nakhchivan exclave via Iran.

All in all, while Azerbaijan is not likely to concede to any renewed pressure from Iran, a lengthy war in Gaza may diminish Israeli influence in the South Caucasus to some extent. In the meantime, Baku appears poised to steer clear of active diplomacy on the regional turmoil, maintaining a low profile and avoiding antagonizing Muslim countries.