Armenian Leader, Chinese Foreign Minister Discuss Ties

ARMENIAN LEADER, CHINESE FOREIGN MINISTER DISCUSS TIES

Mediamax news agency
19 Oct 04

YEREVAN

Armenian President Robert Kocharyan met Chinese Foreign Minister Li
Zhaoxing in Yerevan today.

The Chinese minister noted that Kocharyan’s recent official visit to
China had great significance for further strengthening and deepening
of bilateral relations, the Armenian presidential press service has
told Mediamax news agency.

Armenia and China have great potential for cooperation as there are no
political problems between the states and Yerevan and Beijing have
similar positions on a number of important international problems,
Kocharyan said.

TBILISI: Russian Minister Urges Armenia to Trade with Russia via Ira

Russian Minister Urges Armenia to Trade with Russia via Iran

Civil Georgia, Georgia
Oct 15 2004

Russian Minister of Transport and Communication Igor Levitin
advised the Armenian government to trade with Russia via the
Astrakhan-Enzeli (Iran) sea route. Levitin was responding to the
dissatisfaction expressed by the Armenian government over the closure
of the Larsi checkpoint on Russo-Georgian border, which hampers trade
between Russia and Armenia.

According to the Russian Minister it will take “30-40 days to finish
special operations at the Russian-Georgian Verkhniy Lars check post.”
According to Armenia’s Mediamax news agency Igor Levitin said that
“these operations are aimed at creating conditions which will make
penetration by persons and cars engaged in terrorist activity into
the territory of the Russian Federation impossible.”

As an alternative, Levitin suggested the opening of the railway
communication through Abkhazia. He said Armenia and Russia are ready
for this, while the Georgian position is unjustifiably “politicized.”
“If such a readiness [to open railway communication] is expressed by
the Georgian President as well, the issue will be solved sooner,”
Levitin said.

Lawyer for suspected mercenaries dies in Malabo

Lawyer for suspected mercenaries dies in Malabo

Mail & Guardian Online , South Africa
Oct 13 2004

Malabo — The lawyer for eight South Africans implicated in a coup plot
in oil-rich Equatorial Guinea died in Malabo on Tuesday of malaria,
his family said.

Fernando Mico Nsue, who also suffered from diabetes and high blood
pressure, died in Malabo at the age of 62, said his eldest son,
Alberto Nguema.

“He had not been feeling well over the past few days. He was suffering
from malaria and when he had a relapse this morning, we decided to
take him to the hospital. He died while he was being driven to the
hospital,” the son added.

Mico Nsue had also defended some of the 100 Equatorial Guinean
dissidents and former soldiers tried in 2002 for a threat to state
security.

Meanwhile there was no official word on whether the trial of the 19
accused of involvement in the coup plot last March to oust President
Teodoro Obiang Nguema would resume on October 18 as announced last
week by the Malabo court’s chief judge.

In addition to the South Africans, six Armenians and five
Equato-Guineans, including a former deputy minister, went on trial
in Malabo in August for allegedly trying to topple Obiang, who has
ruled the small central African country since 1979.

The case was adjourned on August 31 at the request of the country’s
attorney general, Jose Olo Obono, to get “further information”
following the arrest of Mark Thatcher in South Africa on August 25.

The son of the former British prime minister is suspected by Equatorial
Guinea and South Africa of bankrolling the alleged plot. – Sapa

Dossier: De gros efforts ont ete faits, d’autres restent a faire

La Croix
5 octobre 2004

Dossier. La Turquie aux portes de l’Union Européenne. De gros efforts
ont été faits, d’autres restent à faire. La Turquie a adopté huit
réformes pour se rapprocher des conditions d’ouverture des
négociations d’adhésion.

MASSON Marie-Françoise

Que doit exactement décider demain la Commission européenne à propos
de la Turquie ?

Les 30 commissaires (un par Etat membre à l’exception de cinq pays –
France, Allemagne, Grande-Bretagne, Italie et Espagne – qui en ont
actuellement deux) qui forment la Commission européenne doivent
collégialement entériner ou rejeter une recommandation sur
l’ouverture ou non de négociations d’adhésion avec la Turquie qui a,
depuis 1999, le statut officiel de candidat à l’Union. Cette
recommandation sera soumise par le commissaire chargé de
l’élargissement, l’Allemand Günter Verheugen. Elle a été demandée en
décembre 2002 par les chefs d’Etat et de gouvernement des Etats
membres et sera accompagnée d’un rapport sur les progrès réalisés par
la Turquie sur la voie de l’adhésion (lire ci-contre). Elle répondra
à cette seule question : la Turquie remplit-elle ou non les critères
de Copenhague ? Ces critères résument les conditions qu’un Etat se
doit de remplir avant que s’ouvrent les négociations d’adhésion. Ils
ont été déterminés en juin 1993 dans la capitale danoise, alors
qu’affluaient vers l’Union européenne les candidatures des anciens
pays du bloc soviétique. Se trouvent réunies des conditions
politiques (institutions stables, démocratie, primauté du droit,
respect des droits de l’homme, etc.) et économiques (capacité de
supporter la concurrence, économie de marché viable). Cependant, en
1999, au sommet européen d’Helsinki, il fut entendu à l’égard des
pays de l’Europe de l’Est – et par extension de tout autre candidat –
que seuls les critères politiques étaient une condition préalable à
l’ouverture de négociations d’adhésion.

Les critères économiques et l’alignement de la législation nationale
sur l’ensemble des mesures communautaires sont perçus comme devant
être appliqués ultérieurement, lors des négociations proprement
dites.

Qu’a déjà fait la Turquie ?

Depuis cinq ans, la Turquie a voté huit grands paquets de réformes
qui ont profondément transformé la législation du pays. Les trois
premiers, concernant l’abolition de la peine de mort et la
reconnaissance de certains droits culturels, notamment pour la
minorité kurde, ont été adoptés avant l’élection d’un nouveau
Parlement et l’arrivée au pouvoir du gouvernement conservateur de
Recep Tayyip Erdogan, en novembre 2002. Ce dernier, disposant d’une
majorité absolue avec son parti AKP, a fait adopter depuis cinq
autres paquets portant sur la liberté d’expression, la liberté de
manifester, le contrôle civil de l’armée (changement du statut du
Conseil de sécurité nationale aujourd’hui présidé par un civil et
ayant dorénavant un rôle consultatif), la réforme du code civil
(reconnaissant l’égalité entre hommes et femmes) et celle du code
pénal. En juin, le Conseil de l’Europe, organisation plus large que
l’Union européenne et focalisée sur les droits de l’homme, qui depuis
1996 avait mis la Turquie sous surveillance en raison des graves
violations des droits de l’homme, a reconnu ces changements et décidé
de lever ce dispositif.

Que doit encore faire la Turquie ?

Une réforme pénitentiaire mettant les règles de détention en
conformité avec les droits de l’homme n’est pas encore adoptée. Et,
dans la Constitution, il reste des amendements à apporter au code
électoral. La promesse de voter ces textes ne suffit pas : la
polémique née au moment de l’adoption du nouveau code pénal, ces
dernières semaines, le prouve.

C’est en effet grce aux menaces de l’Union européenne d’arrêter tout
début de négociation d’adhésion avec la Turquie que les manifestants
dans le pays – en majorité des femmes – ont pu obtenir qu’une mesure
prévoyant des peines de prison pour l’adultère soit retirée. Par
ailleurs, la Commission européenne le disait déjà l’an dernier dans
son précédent rapport : les réformes législatives ont eu une
application difficile (du fait des restrictions apportées dans les
textes eux-mêmes), lente – la tolérance zéro en matière de torture a
beau avoir été affirmée par le gouvernement turc, beaucoup reste à
faire pour mettre ce principe en application – et inégale.

La liberté d’expression, notamment pour les minorités, contient de
nombreuses mesures restrictives, et les organisations de défense des
droits de l’homme, Amnesty en tête, dénoncent régulièrement les
dérives sur le terrain. La liberté d’association a, certes, été
assouplie, mais elle demeure sous un contrôle strict de l’Etat.

Enfin, il ne faut pas oublier la reconnaissance du génocide arménien
qui, sans être une condition d’ouverture des négociations, est
réclamée par certains sans être jusqu’ici entendue dans le pays.

Peut-on encore dire non à l’entrée de la Turquie si on dit oui
aujourd’hui ?

Même si la Commission répond qu’il convient d’ouvrir les négociations
avec la Turquie, cela ne garantira pas la réponse positive des chefs
d’Etat et de gouvernement le 17 décembre. Or, ils sont les seuls à
pouvoir trancher. Certains dirigeants (les premiers ministres
luxembourgeois et autrichien notamment) ont ouvertement affiché leur
peu d’enthousiasme, et la nouvelle Commission qui prendra ses
fonctions le 1er novembre est en retrait sur ce dossier par rapport à
la précédente.

Si la Commission livre une recommandation favorable, deux procédures
devraient être explicitement instaurées pour la première fois : lors
des négociations qui porteront cette fois sur l’intégration par la
Turquie de toutes les règles communautaires du marché et de
l’ensemble de la législation commune, tout restera ouvert jusqu’à la
fin. De même, les négociations pourront-elles être arrêtées à tout
moment. Une manière de laisser entendre que l’entrée de la Turquie
n’est pas acquise. Une entrée qu’il restera ensuite à faire admettre
aux pays membres qui devront la ratifier. Et l’on sait que, pour la
France, ce pourrait être par voie de référendum.

MARIE-FRANEUROISE MASSON

Les critères de Copenhague , un condensé de ce qui fonde l’Union
européenne.

· Copenhague, en 1993, les chefs d’Etat et de gouvernement avaient
fixé des critères que devait respecter tout pays candidat à l’Union
avant que ne s’ouvrent les négociations d’adhésion. Voici les deux
paragraphes clés :

L’adhésion requiert de la part du pays candidat qu’il ait des
institutions stables garantissant la démocratie, la primauté du
droit, les droits de l’homme, le respect des minorités et leur
protection, l’existence d’une économie de marché viable ainsi que la
capacité à faire face à la pression concurrentielle et aux forces du
marché à l’intérieur de l’Union. L’adhésion présuppose la capacité du
pays candidat à en assumer les obligations et notamment à souscrire
aux objectifs de l’union politique, économique et monétaire.

La capacité de l’Union à assimiler de nouveaux membres tout en
maintenant l’élan de l’intégration constitue également un élément
important répondant à l’intérêt général aussi bien de l’Union que des
pays candidats.

U.S.-Armenia Task Force Holds Meeting in Washington, DC

PRESS RELEASE
October 6, 2004
Embassy of the Republic of Armenia
2225 R Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20008
Tel: 202-319-1976, x. 348; Fax: 202-319-2982
Email: [email protected]; Web:

U.S.-Armenia Task Force Holds Meeting in Washington, DC

The ninth session of the U.S.-Armenia intergovernmental task force on
economic cooperation (USATF) was held in Washington, DC on October 4, 2004.
USATF is the format allowing discussions between the governments of the
United States and Armenia on issues of bilateral economic and related
issues, and its sessions are held on bi-annual basis. The Armenian
delegation to the Ninth Session of USATF was headed by Finance and Economy
Minister Vardan Khachatryan, and included Chairman of State Committee on
Water Management Andranik Andreasyan, Chief Economic Adviser to the
President Vahram Nercissiantz, Central Bank Chairman Tigran Sargsian,
Armenian Ambassador to the U.S., Dr. Arman Kirakossian, and officials from
the Ministries of Finance and Economy and Foreign Affairs.

The agenda for the USATF meeting included issues such as coordination and
directions of U.S. assistance programs in Armenia within the context of the
Government of Armenia’s strategy for poverty reduction and sustaining
economic growth, the current status of the Millenium Challenge Account
programs’ process in Armenia, banking sector development, business
environment, further reforms in energy sector, agriculture, and irrigation,
strengthening counterterrorism capabilities, and other issues of bilateral
concern.

Prior to the USATF session, the Armenian governmental delegation
participated in the annual Governor’s Meeting of the World Bank and the
International Monetary Fund on October 2-3, 2004.

On October 3, the Embassy of Armenia hosted a reception in honor of the
Armenian delegation, with participation of officials from U.S. Government
and the international financial organizations, including CEO of the
Millennium Challenge Corporation Paul Applegarth, U.S. Ambassador to Armenia
John Evans, NSC Deputy Director for Europe and Eurasia Matthew Bryza, and
World Bank Country Director for Armenia and South Caucasus Donna
Dowset-Coirola, as well as representatives of the Armenian-American
organizations.

www.armeniaemb.org

National Minorities Enjoying Full Rights in Armenia

NATIONAL MINORITIES ENJOYING FULL RIGHTS IN ARMENIA

Azg/am
5 Oct 04

Representatives of Jewish, Assyrian, Georgian, Byelorussian and German
communities of Armenia gathered yesterday at the Yerevan State
Pedagogical University after Abovian. They presented their national
songs and dances.

“This is a very important undertaking. It teaches our youth to be
tolerant and respectful to those of other cultures and religions
around them”, Rima Varzhapetian, co-chairman of the Nations’ Council
of Armenia and head of the Jewish community said.

Varzhapetian stated that the conditions of the national minorities,
2.8 per cent of Armenia’s overall population, are well and that there
is noviolation of their rights in the country. “Our relations with the
government are very warm. They are actively supporting us”, she
said. Rima Varzhapetian added that being citizens of the Republic of
Armenia they and their children have to study Armenian history and
language though trying to preserve their national culture by means of
such gatherings.

By Tamar Minasian

PACE session to center on terrorism and developments in Chechnya

PACE session to center on terrorism and developments in Chechnya

TASS
October 3, 2004 Sunday

By Yuri Ulyanovsky

STRASBOURG

Struggle against terrorism is put into the section “urgent debate” of
the agenda of the PACE autumn session.

The discussion of the political and humanitarian situation as well as
the state of human rights in the Chechen Republic figure as the second
item on the agenda of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of
Europe, which will be held on October 4-8 in Strasbourg.

The key reporter on this issue will be human right commissioner of the
Council of Europe Alvaro Gil-Robles who made a trip to Chechnya in
September where he participated in a scientific conference on human
rights in the republic.

The session will also examine problems of the changing climate in the
world within the Kyoto Protocol and the development of the world
economy. Speakers on this topic will include executive director of the
UN Environment Programme (UNEP) Klaus Toepfer, director-general of the
World Trade Organisation Supachai Panitchpak and deputy
secretary-general of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and
Development Berglind Asgeirsdottir.

The session will also discuss operation of democratic institutions in
Serbia and Montenegro as well as in Azerbaijan, observance by Armenia
of taken obligations and participation of women in elections.

Invited speakers to the session include Turkish Prime Minister Recep
Tayyip Erdogan, president of the Pan-African parliament Gertrude
Mongella and Monaco Crown Prince Albert whose speech will be a
preliminary to the ceremony of admitting the principality to the
Council of Europe.

British Court Follows Azerbaijani Laws

BRITISH COURT FOLLOWS AZERBAIJANI LAWS

Azat Artsakh – Nagorno Karabakh Republic (NKR)
28 Sept 04

The numerous cases of imposing control by Azerbaijan on the foreign
guests visiting Karabakh recently has underwent a slight change in
nature. It turns out that official Azerbaijan is now attempting to
control also the Armenians who want to receive citizenship in foreign
countries. Thus, it became known that two Armenians Artur Barseghian
and Arsen Avanessian who hardly saved from repression in Baku and
sailed to Great Britain through Turkey now face deportation. By the
results of the trial these people, as well as many other refugees in
the same situation must be returned to Azerbaijan as former citizens
of that republic. Meanwhile no British judge is interested in the
political developments around Nagorni Karabakh and does not even
imagine what the return to Baku means for those Armenians against
the background of the Karabakh conflict, the murder of the Armenian
officer in Budapest and the failure of the NATO training in Baku
for the reason that the Armenian officers were not allowed to enter
the territory of Azerbaijan. The leader of the “Organization for
Liberation of Karabakh” Akif Naghi stated, “Their return will turn into
a bloody tragedy for them.” If in Baku the security of the Armenians
is not guaranteed even within the framework of NATO then what about
the ordinary Armenians whom the British court decided to deport to
Azerbaijan. While the Armenian refugees try to prove to the foreign
judges that the way to Baku is closed for them, the anti-Armenian
moods in the capital of Azerbaijan are extremely tense. Even the Mili
Mejlis of Azerbaijan addressed to NATO protesting against the visits
of Armenians to Baku. The anti-Armenian propaganda in Azerbaijan
reaches an extremely high level, and this fact is already admitted
by not only the defenders of human rights but also journalists.

AA. 28-09-2004

Kazakhstan: Experts discuss ways of preventing bioterrorism

Kazakhstan: Experts discuss ways of preventing bioterrorism

Kazakhstanskaya Pravda
22 Sep 04 p 6

A Kazakh seminar on biological security has spoken about the need to
step up security at laboratories in Central Asia and the Caucasus
where strains of dangerous diseases are kept. Raymond Zilinskas from
the US Centre of Nonproliferation Studies said there was a threat of
anthrax spreading on the Kazakh side of the Island of Vozrozhdeniye in
the Aral Sea where there was a biological weapons test facility in
Soviet times. The following is the text of Olga Malakhova’s report
entitled “Down with bioterrorism” and published in the Kazakh
newspaper Kazakhstanskaya Pravda on 22 September; subheadings inserted
editorially:

The recent return of SARS may be connected with the fact that during a
study its virus was taken out of a laboratory, where poor specialists
were working. Insecure laboratories is one of three reasons for the
spreading of very dangerous infection. Natural breeding grounds are
still the main cause of disease spreading. However, specialists say
that bioterrorism is the most dangerous way because it is much more
difficult to fight this type of WMD.

Not myth but real danger

This is not a myth but quite a real danger, said the participants in a
seminar on biological security in Central Asia and the Caucasus, which
ended in Almaty yesterday [21 September]. The protection of many
institutions that have collections of dangerous bacteria, to put it
mildly leaves much to be desired. Specialists from medical services
and scientific institutes from Central Asia and the Caucasus complain
that the level of security at laboratories and museums where strains
are kept, and the training of specialists and the material bases are
far from international standards. The financing of many remains at
1960s levels, guards are not armed and there is a lack of
transport. The plague-proof clothing that is often shown on TV seems
an anachronism, but even this clothing has not been provided to
everyone, a representative from Armenia said.

Against this background, our institutions with their equipment and
security are in a better situation. True, a strange man recently tried
to enter the laboratory of the Kazakh Scientific Centre of Quarantine
and Zoonosis Infections. However, his attempt was thwarted thanks to
good security. Modern equipment, security and a secure fence have
appeared thanks to aid from the USA. The USA can also support various
projects connected with the study and rehabilitation of the territory
on the Island of Vozrozhdeniye in the Aral Sea, where there was a
biological weapons test facility in Soviet times.

Former biological facility poses threat

“The island needs to be studied by scientists and rehabilitated,”
Raymond Zilinskas, director of the chemical and biological weapons
nonproliferation programme at the US Centre of Nonproliferation
Studies [the Monterey Institute of International Studies], told a
Kazakhstanskaya Pravda newspaper correspondent. “There is no threat
of anthrax spreading from the Uzbek part of the island. American and
Uzbek specialists took care of this: they have reburied and
disinfected the area where biological weapons used to be kept.

However, there is still a threat, the representative of the Monterey
Institute of International Studies believes, and he expresses concern
that the Russian side has not provided information on what pathogens
were used in experiments. This information would help Kazakh
scientists determine the level of danger and measures for
rehabilitation. The difficulty is that it is unknown which pathogens
are natural and which are artificial man-made ones.

Strains of anthrax may remain on the island for a long time and infect
any living creature. Oil exploration and extraction work that is
planned to be carried out on the island pose a special
threat. Pollutants containing deadly strains may emerge during
geological exploration works, explosions and other activities.

Raymond Zilinskas hopes that the problem of clearing the territory of
the former biological weapons test facility will be resolved in two or
three years with the help of the American side.

Kazakhstan can train specialists

The seminar, which was organized by the Monterey Institute [of
International Studies] and the M. Aykimbayev Kazakh Scientific Centre
of Quarantine and Zoonosis Infections, discussed ways of making
specialists’ work safe for themselves and preventing very dangerous
diseases from being stolen and spread. It is necessary to create a
joint model for controlling biological materials and bring closer
legislation on export control.

Kazakhstan has created a network of sanitary and quarantine stations,
and a programme to improve them is being implemented. There is a plan
to set up a regional centre at the Kazakh scientific centre to train
specialists from Central Asia and the Caucasus. Many scientists from
these regions studied here. The centre has trained over 30,000
specialists for various republics [of the former Soviet Union] and
countries since 1948. A World Health Organization [WHO]
representative, May Chu, believes that the Kazakh Centre of Quarantine
and Zoonosis Infections has a modern scientific basis and intellectual
potential. Its six specialists underwent training on international
standards on biosecurity. The WHO will further continue supporting
the programme to train specialists.

Senate restores military aid balance b/w Armenia and Azerbaijan

SENATE RESTORES MILITARY AID BALANCE BETWEEN ARMENIA AND AZERBAIJAN

PanArmenian News
Sept 17 2004

/PanARMENIAN.Net/ The full Senate Appropriations Committee yesterday
voted to reinstate military aid parity between Armenia and Azerbaijan
in the Fiscal Year 2005 Foreign Operations bill. As reported by the
Armenian Assembly of America, the legislation, which allocates about
$9 million in military financing to both countries, not only foils the
Administration’s attempt to favor Azerbaijan but also exceeds the House
request of almost $6 million for each country. Having emphasized that
support for Armenia remains strong in the Congress upper chamber,
Senate Majority Whip Mitch McConnell (R-KY), who is Chairman of
the Foreign Operations Subcommittee, noted that humanitarian and
relief assistance will keep flowing to Nagorno Karabakh. Thus, by the
decision of the Senate Appropriations Committee, both Baku and Yerevan
are slated to receive $8 million for Foreign Military Financing and
$750,000 for International Military Education and Training. It should
be noted that the next step in the legislative process is a vote on
the Foreign Operations bill by the full Senate.