International Law Expert Yuri Barsegov Dies At 83

INTERNATIONAL LAW EXPERT YURI BARSEGOV DIES AT 83

PanARMENIAN.Net
07.08.2008 14:30 GMT+04:00

/PanARMENIAN.Net/ Retired diplomat, international law expert, author
of numerous article and books Yuri G. Barsegov died at the age of 83.

His most popular work is a three-volume collection of documents titled
"The Armenian Genocide: Turkish responsibility and obligations of the
international community. Documents and Comments" was published in 2005.

This year he issued the first volume of his collected papers on
Nagorno Karabakh.

Yuri G. Barsegov was born on March 7, 1925 in Tiflis.

He is the author of over 300 articles on international relations,
diplomacy and law which were published in Russia, France, Germany,
Norway, Sweden, Japan, Finland, Armenia and U.S.

Armenia Positive About Military Reform

ARMENIA POSITIVE ABOUT MILITARY REFORM
By Ara Tadevosian

Institute for War and Peace Reporting
Aug 7 2008
UK

Hopes that new defence minister will deliver on much-delayed plans.

Armenia is about to launch a programme that will strengthen civilian
control over its armed forces, a move which experts say as a positive
sign of new defence minister Seiran Ohanian’s commitment to military
reform.

The Armenia defence ministry is following the example of Georgia
in carrying out a strategic defence review that will look at all
aspects of the armed forces. This is a key component of the country’s
Individual Partnership Plan, IPAP, with NATO.

International experts attended a seminar on the defence review held
in Yerevan at the end of July.

Although the Armenian government has no ambitions to join NATO and the
country remains part of the Collective Security Treaty Organisation,
a defence grouping within the Commonwealth of Independent States, it
says it wants the military to be more convergent with NATO standards in
terms of transparency and ability to cooperate with other armed forces.

A law on "special civilian service" was adopted on January 1 this
year under which decisions should be taken in the next month about
which posts in the defence ministry can be held by civilians rather
than serving military personnel.

There has been talk of military reform in Armenia since the spring
of 2005, when the then deputy defence minister Artur Agabekian –
now head of the parliamentary commission on military affairs and
security – said it was a priority for the ministry.

Agabekian said that by 2015 Armenia should create an army "meeting
the demands of the 21st century, able to withstand new challenges
and comprehensively guaranteeing the military security of the state".

However, little progress was made subsequently, especially after the
then defence minister Serzh Sarkisian became prime minister in spring
2007. Sarkisian is now Armenian president.

"It is hard to say what exactly caused this [lack of progress],"
said David Alaverdian, deputy director of the Armenian Centre for
Transatlantic Initiatives. "It was either that Mikael Harutiunian,
who replaced Serzh Sarkisian as defence minister, was unprepared
to embark on real change, or that the political decision to begin
reforms had not been taken at the highest level.

"In any case, for many months NATO representatives were extremely
sceptical about the capacity of the Armenian military leadership to
push forward defence reforms successfully."

However, the new minister Ohanian has made a different impression.

In a speech to the defence ministry on May 30 this year, he said,
"extremely responsible and difficult work lies ahead of us". He
announced that a new commission, led by the chief of the general staff,
would begin work on military reform, a new directorate for strategic
planning would be set up, and a new law on defence would be adopted
this autumn.

>From this autumn, many of the military personnel now at the defence
ministry will be employed as civilians.

"This calls for an extremely careful and thorough approach so that the
rights of military personnel are not ignored," Ohanian said, stressing
that it would be a major psychological change for the Armenian army.

Psychologist David Atarbekian described the kind of culture change the
Armenian defence establishment will have to go if the reforms are to
be successful. He said it was important for the defence ministry to
recognise the need to change current ways of thinking, and to accept
that there would be some resistance to this.

He noted that the military still enjoyed a unique position in
Armenian society. "In present-day Armenia, the army is the only state
institution which basically has the unconditional support of society,
irrespective of their political sympathies," he said.

Atarbekian said that during the state of emergency imposed in Armenia
from March 1 to 20 because of the violence that followed the disputed
presidential election, there were no recorded cases of clashes between
soldiers and civilians.

He noted that until now, belonging to the army has meant membership
of a privileged caste, and losing this by giving up a military uniform
would be a profound shock for many officers.

Ohanian is a key figure in these changes. A career officer in the
Soviet military, he became an Armenian hero in the Nagorny Karabakh
war and was wounded in the fighting, losing a leg.

His appointment and actions have been widely welcomed.

"In my view, the Armenian army will not weaken, but on the contrary
become stronger because people’s level of trust in their armed forces
will increase," said Tevan Poghosian, executive director of the
Armenian Atlantic Association. "More regulated and precise planning
of defence spending, as foreseen by our IPAP, will ensure that our
army can be optimised."

No one opposes military reforms as such in Armenia, but some
politicians are worried that the process will bring the armed forces
too close to NATO and too far away from Moscow.

Russia and Armenia signed a military cooperation treaty in 1995, and
the Russians maintain a military base at Gyumri, Armenia’s second city.

Former defence minister Vagarshak Harutiunian, now an opposition
politician, said a close relationship with Russia and membership
of the CSTO was important not just militarily but economically as
well, because it allows the country to buy weaponry at discounted
prices. This is an important factor for Armenia, when its entire
national budget is less than neighbouring Azerbaijan’s defence budget
of more than 1.2 billion US dollars a year.

Harutiunian noted that most Armenian officers still train at Russian
military academies.

"Russia’s military presence in Armenia is fully justified in terms
of guaranteeing the security of our republic," said Harutiunian.

Ara Tadevosian is director of the Mediamax news agency in Yerevan.

Arsen Mkrtchian Appointed Judge Of Ra Civil Appeal Court

ARSEN MKRTCHIAN APPOINTED JUDGE OF RA CIVIL APPEAL COURT

Noyan Tapan

Au g 6, 2008

YEREVAN, AUGUST 6, NOYAN TAPAN. By an August 6 decree of the Armenian
president Serzh Sargsyan, the addition to the 2007 list on promotion
of judges of first instance courts was approved. Based on it, the
head of the RA Judicial Department Arsen Mkrtchian was included in
the list. By another decree of the same day, Arsen Mkrtchian was
appointed a judge of the RA Civil Appeal Court.

NT was informed by the RA president’s press service that S. Sargsian
also signed a decree on terminating the powers of Samvel Gyurjian,
a judge of the RA Cassation Court.

http://www.nt.am/news.php?shownews=116300

Iran’s President Demands To Change Agenda Of His Visit To Turkey Ove

IRAN’S PRESIDENT DEMANDS TO CHANGE AGENDA OF HIS VISIT TO TURKEY OVER UNWILLINGNESS TO ATTEND ATATURK MAUSOLEUM

PanARMENIAN.Net
31.07.2008 22:10 GMT+04:00

/PanARMENIAN.Net/ Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, who is
expected to visit Turkey in August, has demanded to change the agenda
of his visit due to his unwillingness to visit mausoleum of Mustafa
Kemal Ataturk.

According to Turkish Star TV Channel, it will be a working visit to
Istanbul on invitation by Turkey’s Abdullah Gul. The date will be
exacted through a mutual agreement.

Turkish former President Ahmet Necdet Sezer, who paid a formal visit to
Iran, had never sent an official invitation to his Iranian counterpart.

Potential Agressor To Attack Armenia

POTENTIAL AGGRESSOR TO ATTACK ARMENIA
by Denis Telmanov

WPS Agency
What the Papers Say (Russia)
July 31, 2008 Thursday
Russia

THE CAUCASUS IS TO BECOME AN ARENA OF INCESSANT MILITARY EXERCISES;
The CIS Collective Security Treaty Organization is running a joint
military exercise.

Phase two of Frontier’2008, command post exercise of the CIS Collective
Security Treaty Organization, began in Moscow. Staff officers of
Organization’s defense ministers are charting an operation necessary
to defend Armenia from an aggressor. Whatever is planned at this
point will be tested in the field in the course of phases three and
four of the exercise scheduled for late August.

Senior Assistant to Organization’s Secretary General Lieutenant
General Oleg Latypov, said yesterday that the legend of the exercise
stood for an aggression against Armenia. It should be noted that
the potential aggressor bears no resemblance to NATO countries or
Armenia’s neighbors.

Actual maneuvering with live-fire exercises will take place during
the third and forth phases of the exercise on August 18-22. They will
be commanded by Armenian Defense Minister Sejran Oganjan and involve
personnel of the 102nd Russian Military Base. As a matter of fact,
units singled out for participation have been moved already to the
shooting range 40 kilometers from the capital city of Yerevan.

Council of Defense Ministers of the Organization will meet in Yerevan
to analyze the exercise and discuss what problems have cropped up.

Valery Semerikov, another secretary general’s assistant, admitted
slowness in making the decision to help an Organization member against
aggressor as one of the problems. "We’ll try to do something about
it before the Council of Defense Ministers," Semerikov said.

Along with everything else, the meeting will discuss the idea of
making Frontier exercises biannual instead of annual so as to focus
on coordination between staffs in the interims. Most members of the
Organization approve so that the next exercise will probably take
place in 2010.

This is a first Frontier exercise to be run at strategic, operational,
and tactical levels at once. Also importantly, this is a first exercise
run on the territory of the Caucasus collective security zone. Almost
4,000 servicemen from Russia, Armenia, and Tajikistan will be involved.

Frontier’2008 is to be run right in the wake of Caucasus’2008,
a major exercise of the Russian Armed Forces involving over 8,000
men. NATO will run its own exercise in Armenia between September 29
and October 21. Over 1,000 servicemen from 21 country will participate
in Cooperative Longbow/Lancer’2008.

Frontier organizers say it is fine by them. They point out that
Armenia is a sovereign country choosing its own partners to run joint
exercises with.

"As for me, I view participation of the Armenian army in a NATO
exercise as just another phase of its training. Let them learn all
they can," Semerikov said. "Life shows that we will have to face
common problems whether we want it or not. And no, we do not view
NATO as an enemy."

Clergy Hot Under The Collar Wearing Vestments In Summer

CLERGY HOT UNDER THE COLLAR WEARING VESTMENTS IN SUMMER
By Ron Orozco

The Fresno Bee
McClatchy-Tribune News Service
July 30, 2008 Wednesday
California

FRESNO, Calif. When outdoor temperature soared past 100 this season, we
can’t help but think of the poor souls donning the heavy gear at places
of worship. We’re talking clergy members and the vestments they wear.

Much respect, honor and authority is bestowed to those in vestments,
the garments worn during services and rites. However, their material
does not always agree with hot summer days and that can lead to some
embarrassing moments.

The Bee recently asked Orthodox, Roman Catholic and Protestant clergy
members to share their funny stories and tips in their quest to stay
cool and dry and all were good sports.

"Weight Watchers doesn’t have anything on us we sweat 10 pounds
out during a service," says the Rev. Jamie Evans, pastor of First
Presbyterian Church in downtown Fresno, Calif.

And the clergy members didn’t hold back revealing some little tricks
they resort to.

TAKE A COLD SHOWER AND A DIP IN THE POOL

The Rev. Arshen Aivazian, pastor of St. Paul Armenian Church in central
Fresno, says he doesn’t look forward to wearing heavy vestments in
July and August.

"It’s hot. It’s hot," he laments.

Aivazian feels a little consolation, however, knowing it’s hotter in
Jerusalem than in Fresno. He grew up there. He also attended seminary
and spent the early years in priesthood there.

"It gets humid, and the air doesn’t move," he remembers. "You just
boil in vestments."

St. Paul, an Orthodox congregation, has one of Fresno’s most beautiful
sanctuaries. But, Aivazian notes, the air-conditioning ducts on the
altar serve only the deacons "and not me."

During the summer, Aivazian has a set of rituals to help him stay
cool. He takes a cold shower before heading to church for liturgical
services. He also applies Old Spice deodorant, his favorite never
anti-perspirant. He also shies away from aftershave lotion.

"It gets to be more annoying than anything and the smell gets worse
in the summer," he says.

Sometimes, the rituals don’t matter. The church’s air conditioning
was on the blink earlier this month when Aivazian donned special
white vestments, the appropriate color for Transfiguration Sunday.

"The white is semi-metallic and it’s heavy," he says. "Even with air
conditioning, it doesn’t penetrate the thick layers of that vestment."

And Aivazian roasted. It was so unbearable that he turned to the
congregation, saying, "Forgive me. I’m going to skip the sermon today."

Congregants, also feeling weary, applauded.

"By the time I came out of service and took the vestments off, I was
soaking wet," he says.

Then, Aivazian raced home and jumped in the pool.

USE A PULPIT FLOOR FAN

The Rev. Clarence Eisberg, pastor of Redeemer Lutheran Church in
northwest Fresno, says he has given a lot of thought to clergy members
and vestments.

He says clergy, historically, have used vestments for more than just
a sign of the pastoral office or a ceremonial style. In the medieval
period, priests also dabbed their faces with their stoles.

"It was grab the stole, wipe the face," he says. "I don’t do it."

Jorge Acuna, owner of San Joaquin Religious Goods, which sells
vestments and other items in Fresno, says vestments have served other
important purposes, particularly in pre-air conditioning.

"The heavy, flowing robes keep the heat out," he says. "With the
perspiration, they stay cool inside. It’s nature’s air conditioning."

Eisberg, however, says he would rather have air
conditioning. Unfortunately for him, however, Redeemer Lutheran’s small
sanctuary has a fan-shaped design, which limits the ducting system.

"Where I sit behind the altar, there isn’t a duct," he says. "There’s
air conditioning everywhere in our facility except that spot. I just
take out a handkerchief and wipe my forehead."

Eisberg’s current summer attire white linen robe and green stole with
gold embroidery may be lighter than that worn in other Protestant
denominations. And even with his favorite deodorant, Old Spice, it
still isn’t light enough. The other day, Eisberg asked the church’s
secretary to buy a circular fan and set it up behind the altar.

CHANGE SHIRTS AND WEAR SANDALS

The Rev. Alex Ignacio, pastor of Sacred Heart Catholic Church in
east-central Fresno, says he wears lighter vestments made of cotton
or silk during the summer.

However, he does feel it, especially celebrating four Masses on
Sundays. Sometimes, he takes a shower in between Masses. He also
changes shirts under his vestment. And he wears sandals.

"Some people say, ‘Hey, he’s wearing sandals,’" Ignacio says. "I say,
‘Hey it’s hot.’"

Ignacio says some Catholic priests wear Bermuda shorts under their
vestments, but he would never do that.

"With regard to vestments, I try to be as sacred as possible,"
he says. "When you talk about liturgy, I try to be as faithful as
possible."

AVOID LIGHTS AND POLYESTER ROBES

Evans, the pastor of First Presbyterian Church, has no complaints about
the church’s air conditioning ducts. One is directly above the pulpit.

"I tell everyone I have 15 miles-an-hour wind pouring down on me,"
he says.

The sanctuary’s lights, however, also pour down on Evans. "You pump
yourself up 15 more degrees in the lights," he says.

And the material of Evans’ robe also shows no mercy: "It’s polyester
so you fry."

Evans sums up clergy robes and summer with a simple statement:
"It’s sweating through two shirts and a suit."

Evans remembers the unusual measures taken by one of his uncles, the
Rev. Gary Demarest, former senior pastor of La Canada Presbyterian
Church. Demarest had the pulpit designed in such a manner that he
could wear a T-shirt and running shorts under his robe and stole.

"And nobody knew," Evans says.

WEAR COTTON; IT BREATHES

The subject of 112-degree temperatures and vestments came up during a
recent Sunday service at Memorial United Methodist Church of Clovis;
it was three days after the thermometer had reached that stifling mark.

Jim Acton, a church member, was ready to give the announcements in
a sport shirt and slacks. But he first commented on the Rev. George
Elgin’s attire gray robes with black stole and black doctoral stripes
on the sleeves.

"I’m feeling a little strange being the only one without a robe on,"
Acton says with a laugh. Then he noted the drop in temperatures from
that Thursday. "But after (112 degrees), today feels like spring."

Elgin, one of the church’s two retired pastors who still serve the
congregation, laughed with everyone else. He was substituting in
the pulpit for the church’s pastor, the Rev. Denice Leslie, who was
on vacation.

Elgin says it isn’t so bad wearing vestments because Methodist pastors
are given some flexibility.

When Elgin was a full-time pastor in Pueblo, Colo., he chose to wear
a stole and white short-sleeved shirt in the summer. He says the only
reason he wore a robe on the recent Sunday was the church’s other
retired pastor, the Rev. Newell Knudson, wore a robe and stole the
previous week.

"It’s cotton, and not that overly hot," Elgin explains.

Acuna, a member of Our Lady of Victory Catholic Church in west-central
Fresno, says it is important to him that congregants understand the
importance of the vestments.

"It’s a spiritual message," he says. "It reminds me of the sacrifices
_ the sacrifices of the body and blood of Christ. It’s about the
sacrifices."

Russia Concerned By Pro-Western Coloured Revolution In Armenia

RUSSIA CONCERNED BY PRO-WESTERN COLOURED REVOLUTION IN ARMENIA

World Markets research centre
Global Insight
July 29, 2008

The joint military manoeuvres by Armenia and NATO planned for 29
September to 21 October in the country are causing worry in Russia,
where many observers, but not yet officials, see this as a sign of the
Armenian government’s gradual departure from a clearly pro-Russian
orientation. The evidence for their argument is drawn from the
imminent military exercises and also from Armenia’s participation
in NATO manoeuvres in Ukraine and Georgia earlier this year, as well
as the holding of NATO week in Armenia in mid-2008. The fear on the
Russian side is that the NATO presence, which includes one thousand
troops from 21 countries, may coincide with opposition protests and
thus topple the relatively Moscow-friendly regime in Yerevan.

Significance:Armenia’s foreign policy orientation is gradually
changing, with the NATO participation and small steps taken towards the
resolution of a political impasse with Turkey. The current government
is seeking to snatch potential external support from the opposition,
which still remains vocal after the February 2008 presidential
election and is preparing for another series of protests in September
2008. Such support is most likely to come from the United States,
which has already sponsored a number of ‘coloured revolutions’ in
the post-Communist space. In response, the U.S. would have to offer
some cooperation and these NATO exercises are possible evidence of
that cooperation. The U.S. administration, it appears, has not yet
made up its own mind on which side to support in Armenia’s precarious
political power balance: President Serzh Sargsyan or his challenger,
charismatic Levon Ter-Petrosyan. In the meantime Russia is not taking
official steps to react to the situation in Armenia, although such
increases in voiced criticism may result in some governmental action.

ARF ‘Dashnaktsutyun’ Not To Leave Ruling Coalition In Armenia

ARF ‘DASHNAKTSUTYUN’ NOT TO LEAVE RULING COALITION IN ARMENIA

ArmInfo
2008-07-28 15:54:00

The Armenian Revolutionary Federation ‘Dashnaktsutyun’ is not going to
leave the ruling coalition in Armenia, members of ARFD parliamentary
faction Artsvik Minasyan told journalists today. ‘All the rumours and
publications in mass media about it do not meet the reality and come
from the oppositional camp and the so-called ‘third forces’, he said.

A. Minasyan also said that ARFD has its goals and programmes
fulfillment of which the party closely relates to participation in
the coalition. At the same time, he said that , and the overwhelming
majority of its members accept and agree with decisions of the
party’s leadership.

‘Of course, there is a definite inflow and outflow of members in our
party like in any other one and there are people who disagree with the
majority’s opinion. However, it does not mean that we should refuse
of cooperation with our partners in coalition’, A. Minasyan resumed.

ARF ‘Dashnaktsutyun’, based in 1890, is one of the oldest Armenian
parties.

It is member of the Socialist International. The party’s Armenian
representation numbers 7,000 members and the foreign party structures
– about 25,000 people. ARFD has been represented in RA parliament of
the fourth convocation by 16 MPs and has three ministerial portfolios
plus the vice-speaker’s post.

ANKARA: Turkish ambassadors discuss all angles

Gözlem Gazetesi, Turkey
July 27 2008

Turkish ambassadors discuss all angles

Turkish ambassadors who represent Turkey world wide recently gathered
in Ankara to discuss the short and long term diplomatic strategies,
which aim to seek peace on all fronts, namely with Turkey’s neighbors.

Issues concerning Turkey’s foreign relations and diplomatic efforts
were discussed between the ambassadors through out the four-day
brainstorming period. Among the topics were talks with Armenia,
reunification efforts in Cyprus, mediation between Turkey and Iraqi
Kurdish leaders, and Iran’s disputed nuclear program.

The diplomatic relations between Turkey and Armenia were among the
signficant topics through out the 4-day meeting. The discussions on
the matter was geared towards Washington’s efforts to convince Turkey
to open its border to its neighbor Armenia in order to resume
diplomatic ties. U.S. officials have been pressuring the Turkish
President Abdullah Gül to visit Yerevan in September to watch
the football game between the countries’ national teams.

Talks between Turkey and the Iraqi Kurdish regional government was
another topic in Ankara’s to do list. The Turkish Prime Minister Recep
Tayyip ErdoÄ?an’s visit to Baghdad and his warm messages to the
Iraqi Kurdish regional government has been considered as a step
towards solving problems between Turkey and Northern Iraq. However,
the problems emerging due to the outlawed Kurdistan Workers’ Party
(PKK), continue.

The Cyprus, issue continues
Another major issue, which was in the agenda during the four day talks
was the Cyprus dispute. For almost four decades, Turkish diplomacy has
been working to come to an agreement with the Southern part through
endless unification talks. The Turkish government and diplomats today
continue their efforts to find a solution between the two parts.

=com_content&task=view&id=3095&Itemid= 115

http://www.gozlemgazetesi.com.tr/index.php?option

A Ashotian says 100 days of Sargsian presidency shows new approaches

From: Sebouh Z Tashjian <[email protected]>
Subject: A Ashotian says 100 days of Sargsian presidency shows new approaches

ARMENPRESS

ARMEN ASHOTIAN SAYS FIRST 100 DAYS OF PRESIDENCY OF SERZH SARGSIAN SHOWED
THAT THERE ARE NEW APPROACHES TOWARDS SOLUTION OF COUNTRY’S ISSUES

YEREVAN, JULY 25, ARMENPRESS: The 100 days of presidency of Serzh
Sargsian showed that we have new logic and approaches in the solution
of issues the country and the society are facing, Armen Ashotian,
member of the Republican party’s faction said today at a press
conference.
`The new authorities, on behalf of the president and prime
minister, are trying to use new partners for giving best solutions to
the situation created in the country,’ he said. According to him, all
these approaches have been included in the pre-electoral programs of
the president and naturally must have been carried out after the
elections.
Referring to the activity of the opposition, A. Ashotian noted that
their activation has melted and the latest statements are for
propaganda purposes. Speaking about the creation of the Armenian
National Congress, Ashotian said that he positively assessed the plan
of the opposition to create a joint political force but in this case
it stems from ideological controversies and personal ambitions.
A. Ashotian said that according to him `Heritage’ party will not
join the Armenian National Congress as far as Raffi Hovhanesian has
not got the guarantee of being the heir of Levon Ter-Petrosian in the
opposition field. He said he is sure that the forces behind the party
and its active figures have their own political plans and will not
agree to merge into the movement of Ter-Petrosian until R. Hovhanesian
gets the guarantee of being the heir.
Ashotian said that the Heritage is seeking to become the main
political opposition force in 2012, 2013.