La norme pénale antiraciste débattue jusqu’Ã Strasbourg

24 Hueres, Suisse
28 janv 2015

La norme pénale antiraciste débattue jusqu’Ã Strasbourg

Affaire PerinçekLa Suisse a affronté mercredi Dogu Perinçek devant la
Cour européenne des droits de l’homme. Le Turc avait nié le génocide
arménien

L’audience que tenait hier la Grande Chambre de la Cour européenne des
droits de l’homme (CEDH) était haute en symboles. Les juges de
Strasbourg ont réexaminé une affaire opposant la Suisse à Dogu
Perinçek. En 2007, ce nationaliste turc a été condamné par la justice
vaudoise pour discrimination raciale après avoir qualifié le génocide
arménien de «mensonge international» (lire ci-dessous). En 2013, la
Cour a donné une première fois tort à la Suisse, qui a fait recours.
Le nouveau jugement tombera ultérieurement. Mais déjÃ, une question se
pose: quelles pourraient être ses conséquences pour la Suisse?

Audience people

D’un côté, Berne reproche au Turc d’avoir violé la norme pénale
antiraciste. De l’autre, Dogu Perinçek brandit la liberté
d’expression. Au niveau international, cette affaire prend une
dimension particulière alors que les Arméniens commémorent cette année
le centenaire du génocide. Dans le même temps, les attentats de Paris
contre Charlie Hebdo ont relancé le débat sur la liberté d’expression
et ses limites.

Hier matin, Ã Strasbourg, les ingrédients passionnels étaient donc lÃ,
pimentés par un détail people: Amal Alamuddin, l’épouse de George
Clooney, représentait l’Arménie. Résultat? Selon l’ATS, environ 40
journalistes et 400?personnes étaient inscrites pour suivre cette
audience, et de nombreux manifestants étaient présents devant le
btiment. Pour la Suisse, l’enjeu est particulièrement important.
Cette affaire touche à deux questions importantes: la participation de
notre pays à la CEDH et l’avenir de la norme pénale antiraciste, tous
deux remis en cause par l’UDC.

En 2013, après la première décision de la CEDH, la droite dure avait
déjà demandé une révision de la norme antiraciste. Interviewé mardi
dans Le Temps, l’avocat et conseiller national UDC Yves Nidegger, qui
défend la position des associations turques de Suisse romande dans
cette affaire, pose l’enjeu en ces termes: «Si la Grande Chambre
désavoue la Suisse, soit l’on modifie l’article 261 bis, soit on
quitte la CEDH.» La norme antiraciste est-elle en danger? «Nous
appliquons déjà cette règle avec beaucoup de retenue, répond Folco
Galli, chef de la communication à l’Office fédéral de la justice
(OFJ). Nous attendons maintenant le jugement définitif pour savoir
quelle sera notre marge de manÅ`uvre.»

La conseillère nationale Elisabeth Schneider-Schneiter (PDC/BL), qui a
assisté Ã l’audience, estime pour sa part que «si la Suisse perd, il
faudra prouver que cette norme est compatible avec la CEDH». Elle note
au passage qu’il est «étonnant de voir l’UDC se réjouir d’une
condamnation de la Suisse à Strasbourg, elle qui critique
habituellement les juges étrangers».

Interprétation conforme

Selon Maya Hertig, directrice du Département de droit public Ã
l’Université de Genève, l’UDC «construit un faux problème». La
professeure estime qu’il faut garder le sens des proportions: «La
norme antiraciste condamne la négation du génocide, mais aussi ` et
surtout ` l’incitation à la haine, que la Suisse est tenue de
combattre en vertu de la Convention sur l’élimination de toutes les
formes de discrimination raciale. Les débats à Strasbourg ne portent
donc que sur une partie de cet article.» A ses yeux, il est par
ailleurs «très peu probable» que l’arrêt de la Grande Chambre remette
en cause la criminalisation de toute forme de négationnisme. Et
d’ajouter que «la Cour a jusqu’Ã présent donné raison aux Etats dans
des affaires portant sur la négation de l’Holocauste».

La professeure estime donc que, si la Suisse était condamnée, elle
n’aurait «pas nécessairement» besoin de réviser son droit. Selon elle,
la justice helvétique pourrait très probablement adopter une
interprétation de la loi conforme au jugement de Strasbourg. Pour
cela, il faudra attendre l’arrêt de la Grande Chambre pour en
déterminer la portée et les enjeux exacts. (24 heures)

http://www.24heures.ch/suisse/politique/norme-penale-antiraciste-debattue-jusqu-strasbourg/story/30497489

François Hollande rencontre les Arméniens de France

La Croix, France
28 janv 2015

François Hollande rencontre les Arméniens de France

François Hollande rencontre les représentants des Arméniens de France
mercredi 28 lors d’un dîner qui marquera le début des commémorations
du centenaire du genocide.

La communauté, forte de 600 000 membres, organise une série de
commémorations tout au long de l’année.

Conséquence de l’histoire de l’Arménie, marquée par plusieurs
massacres, la diaspora représente un tiers de la population de ce
petit pays de l’ex-URSS, coincé entre l’Azerbaïdjan, la Turquie et la
Géorgie. La France est le second foyer de la diaspora juste après les
États-Unis, où résideraient environ 800 000 Arméniens.

à quand remonte l’immigration arménienne en France??

L’immigration arménienne est ancienne. La première vague date du XVIIe
siècle, lorsque des familles de négociants arméniens viennent
s’installer à Marseille. Au début du XIXe siècle, on compte 31
périodiques arméniens publiés en France. Une église arménienne est
construite près des Champs-Élysées dès 1902.

> Ã lire, notre dossier sur le Génocide arménien

Mais la vague la plus importante date de 1915. Les Arméniens fuient
alors les massacres perpétrés dans l’Empire ottoman par le
gouvernement des Jeunes turcs. La plupart de ces immigrés, souvent
issus de zones rurales, débarquent à Marseille. Ils s’installent dans
la cité phocéenne et remontent la vallée du Rhône, pour Valence, Lyon,
Saint-Étienne et enfin en région parisienne.

Dans les années 1970, d’autres Arméniens, nés en Turquie ou au
Proche-Orient, renforcent la communauté déjà installée. Une vague plus
récente est formée d’Arméniens qui fuient leur pays, touché par des
difficultés économiques.

Quel poids ont aujourd’hui les Arméniens de France??

Aujourd’hui, la communauté arménienne en France compterait environ 600
000 membres, dont 400 000 nés sur le territoire. Mais il est difficile
de donner un chiffre car les Arméniens de France sont, dans leur
écrasante majorité, des Français d’origine arménienne.

http://www.la-croix.com/Actualite/Monde/Francois-Hollande-rencontre-les-Armeniens-de-France-2015-01-28-1273897

Amal Clooney Begins Next Big Human Rights Case

TIME Magazine
Jan 28 2015

Amal Clooney Begins Next Big Human Rights Case

Jan. 28, 2015

She’ll represent Armenia’s interests in a landmark genocide trial

After playing the role of red-carpet date for her husband, George
Clooney, at the Golden Globes, Amal Clooney is taking off the white
gloves and getting down to business.

Her latest mission: representing Armenia’s interests in a landmark
trial before the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) in Strasbourg,
France, beginning Wednesday.

The case is an appeal of a 2013 ruling by the ECHR – described as the
Supreme Court of Europe – in which the court decided that a Swiss law
prohibiting the public denial of the Armenian genocide is a violation
of freedom of speech.

Switzerland is now appealing the verdict, and the outcome of the trial
could have ramifications for other European nations, such as France,
which have also attempted to outlaw genocide denial.

For her part, Clooney, 36, will attempt to refute testimony from
countries, like Turkey, which do not accept that the mass killing and
forced deportation of Armenians by the Ottoman Empire from 1915-1923
was an act of genocide.

The appeal is Clooney’s first big case of 2015. Last year, she
represented Greece in the country’s bid to have the Elgin Marbles
returned from the British Museum.

More recently, she represented one of three Al Jazeera journalists
imprisoned in Egypt.

http://time.com/3686665/amal-clooney-human-rights-trial-armenia/

Toronto Star shocked to discover Amal Clooney can do job without hus

o.Canada.com
Jan 29 2015

Toronto Star shocked to discover Amal Clooney can do job without husband

Stop the presses!

by Daniel Rosen

In an apparently shocking twist, international human rights lawyer
Amal Clooney is representing the government of Armenia at the European
Court of Human Rights without her husband, George Clooney.

The Toronto Star has published an article about Clooney’s work in a
case about hate speech, with a headline reading “Human rights lawyer
Amal Alamuddin stands tall without George Clooney.”

You may know George Clooney for his roles on E.R., or in 1997’s Batman
and Robin. You might know Amal Clooney as an advisor to Kofi Annan on
Syria, or for having worked on the Enron case.

While the story is ostensibly about how Clooney’s important work is
not overshadowed by her new status as “the woman who stole the
once-confirmed bachelor’s heart,” readers don’t find out about her
role in the trial of Dogu Perincek, a Turkish politician who called
the Armenian Genocide an “international lie” until the fourth
paragraph.

Instead, readers can find out all about how Clooney made news for
wearing white gloves to the Golden Globes, where co-hosts Tina Fey and
Amy Poehler joked that George Clooney was achieving a lifetime
achievement award, while his wife was the one with the more impressive
resume.

Unsurprisingly, George Clooney — who has little experience with law,
considering he’s only ever played lawyers in movies –is not around to
help out his wife with the job she’s been doing for years.

Seeing the headline, people on Twitter were just as surprised as the Star was:

Hopefully in the future, we’ll be seeing more articles about how
Clooney’s important work isn’t being overshadowed by her husband, and
fewer headlines that do just that.

Read the tweets at

http://o.canada.com/news/toronto-star-shocked-to-discover-woman-can-do-job-without-husband

Human rights lawyer Amal Alamuddin stands tall without George Cloone

Toronto Star, ON, Canada
Jan 28 2015

Human rights lawyer Amal Alamuddin stands tall without George Clooney

Amal Alamuddin Clooney goes to Strasbourg, France to represent Armenia
in a case regarding hate speech and the Armenian genocide

By: Tanya Talaga Staff Reporter, Published on Wed Jan 28 2015

If you thought Amal Alamuddin Clooney had given up the law in order to
become a celebrity wife, think again.

Clooney, 36, an established human rights lawyer, doesn’t really need
her husband George Clooney’s fame but her newfound status as the woman
who stole the once-confirmed bachelor’s heart has helped shine a
spotlight on the important work she does.

Clooney, who last made headlines for wearing silky elbow high white
gloves to the Golden Globes, has traded those in for the black robes
of the European Court for Human Rights in Strasbourg, France.

She is acting for the government of Armenia in the case of Dogu
Perincek, a Turkish politician, versus Switzerland. The case centres
on Perincek, who was convicted in Switzerland for challenging the
Armenian genocide. He called the genocide an “international lie.” He
denies the deaths of 1.5 million Armenians 100 years ago amounted to
genocide.

Perincek appealed the conviction, arguing his right to free speech was
denied. The government of Turkey is a third-party intervener for
Perincek. Turkey denies the deaths constituted genocide, saying the
number of dead has been inflated and that those killed were victims of
civil war and unrest.

McGill University international law professor Payam Akhavan has known
Clooney for many years, since she was a student completing her
studies.

“I have known Amal for a decade, since our student days and she is
clearly a very intelligent, thoughtful and capable person. And she
deserves to be seen as something more than Mrs. Clooney,” Akhavan said
in an interview from Montreal.

“Unfortunately the media is much more interested in the celebrity
story rather than the reality of human rights, which is about the
suffering of victims and not the fame of the saviours,” he added.

They have been on opposite sides of the argument before. A few years
ago, Akhavan acted for the interests of the Libyan government, which
argued before the International Criminal Court in The Hague that Saif
Al-Islam Gadhafi be prosecuted for mass atrocities at home in Libya.
Clooney argued Gadhafi should stand trial at The Hague.

In this case before the European Court’s Grand Chamber, they are both
acting for clients on the same side of the issue. Akhavan is the
lawyer for The International Institute for Genocide and Human Rights
Studies, a division of Toronto’s Zoryan Institute that is working
jointly with the Human Rights Association of Turkey and the Turkish
Truth Justice Memory Centre.

They argue that debates about the historical truth or legal
classification of atrocities as genocide or some other label are not
the real issue here, said Greg Sarkissian, after the Strasbourg
day-long hearing.

The main issue is if Perincek’s statements, when considered in their
proper context, constitute incitement to discrimination and hatred,
said Sarkissian, president of the International Institute for Genocide
and Human Rights Studies, part of the Zoryan Institute.

Clooney, in her opening statement Wednesday, said she seeks to correct
the record in the case and that the most important error in the
court’s judgment is that it has cast doubt on the fact there was a
genocide against the Armenian people 100 years ago.

She argued that a finding on genocide was, firstly, not necessary in
this case, and secondly, that it was reached without a proper forensic
process, and thirdly, that it was wrong, Sarkissian said in an email.

In court, Clooney referred to news photographs that showed death
marches, concentration camps and railway cars packed with Armenians,
Sarkissian said.

Clooney, who was born in Lebanon and speaks fluent Arabic and French,
does not shy away from tough human rights cases.

She was educated at Oxford University and at the New York University
School of Law. She clerked at the International Court of Justice. She
is now with London’s Doughty Street Chambers.

Her last high profile case involved the return of the Elgin Marbles
from Great Britain to Greece. She married Clooney, 53, last year.

The European court will now take up to six months to make a judgment.

http://www.thestar.com/news/world/2015/01/28/human-rights-lawyer-amal-alamuddin-stands-tall-without-george-clooney.html

Amal Clooney: First hearing of Armenian genocide case

New Europe
Jan 28 2015

Amal Clooney: First hearing of Armenian genocide case

Famous lawyer Amal Clooney will go before Europe’s top human rights
court to argue against Dogu Perincek who is denying the 1915 Armenian
genocide.

Mr. Perincek from the Left-wing Turkish Workers’ Party called the
Armenian genocide as an international lie and he was fined by a Swiss
court in 2005. Then the Turkish politician went to the European Court
of Human Rights and the court ruled in favour of Mr. Perincek. Now the
legal team, who Amal Clooney participates, hired by Armenia will
challenge the appeal. The first hearing has been scheduled for Jan 28.

Armenians argue that denying the Armenian genocide should be a crime,
resembling it with the Holocaust. They say judges from the court in
Strasbourg made a series of legal and factual errors when they
overturned Mr Perincek’s original conviction. During the case, Turkey
submitted historical documents questioning the veracity of the
genocide.

Mrs Clooney will work alongside her head of chambers, Geoffrey
Robertson, QC who recently wrote a book with the title “An
Inconvenient Genocide: Who Now Remembers the Armenians?”.Now Remembers
the Armenians?”. Mr. Robertson argues in favour of Armenia in his book
stressing that the Armenian genocide is a historic fact and it can’t
be denied.

Historians estimate up to 1.5 million Armenians were killed by Ottoman
Turks around the time of World War I, an event widely viewed by
genocide scholars as the first genocide of the 20th century. Turkey,
however, denies the deaths constituted genocide, saying the toll has
been inflated and that those killed were victims of civil war and
unrest.

http://www.neurope.eu/article/amal-clooney-first-hearing-armenian-genocide-case

BAKU: Armenians demand OSCE’s Yerevan Office closes

APA, Azerbaijan
Jan 29 2015

Armenians demand OSCE’s Yerevan Office closes

[ 29 January 2015 19:21 ]

Baku. Rufat Ahmadzada – APA. About 10 Armenian citizens delivered a
letter to the OSCE Office in Yerevan, demanding that the OSCE should
stop its activities in Armenia.

Karen Vardanyan, the initiator of the campaign, said they consider the
OSCE Office’s activity in Armenia pointless because it does not do
anything other than issuing formal statements, APA reports citing
arminfo.am.

According to the demonstrators, though the ceasefire is breached by
Azerbaijan every day and the breach claims human lives, the OSCE
engaged in settlement of the Karabakh problem takes no measures to
reduce the tension.

“The OSCE is busy making formal statement only, calling on the sides
to calm down. But they too know that it’s not going to make sense,”
said K. Vardanyan, adding that the OSCE is a silent supporter of
Azerbaijani aggression.

http://en.apa.az/xeber_armenians_demand_osce___s_yerevan_office_c_222383.html

Hollande: a new page in relations between Armenia and Turkey must be

Vestnik Kavkaza, Russia
Jan 29 2015

Hollande: a new page in relations between Armenia and Turkey must be opened

29 January 2015 – 4:19pm

French President Francois Hollande has urged Armenia and Turkey to
open a new page in their bilateral relations.

In his opinion, the sides should break down stereotypes and make
efforts to reveal the truth about the 1915 events.

Hollande also said he will not take part in the celebrations dedicated
to the anniversary of the Canakkale victory on April 24 and will
instead visit Armenia, Trend reports.

http://vestnikkavkaza.net/news/politics/65447.html

"Armenian Genocide" among most searched surveys on Yahoo

`Armenian Genocide’ among most searched surveys on Yahoo

January 29, 2015

ARMENPRESS – The Armenian Genocide was one of the ten most searched
surveys in Yahoo search network on January 28. Armenpress reports that
the Head of the Armenian National Committee of America Aram Hamparian
wrote about it in his twitter blog. In the result of the searches by
the Yahoo users, the `Armenian Genocide’ has appeared on the ninth
horizontal. Hamparian expressed gratitude to Amal Clooney and Geoffrey
Robertson, representing the Armenian side at the European Court for
Human Rights at the hearing of the DoÄ?u Perinçek on January 28, who as
well contributed in the coverage of the issue in the Internet.

http://www.horizonweekly.ca/news/details/60620

Armenia Among Partially Free Countries: Other EEU Members Not Free

Armenia Among Partially Free Countries: Other EEU Members Not Free

01.29.2015 11:45 epress.am

Freedom House, a U.S. based NGO advocating democracy, political
freedom, and human rights, has released their Freedom in the World
2015 annual report, which categorized Armenia as partly free.

Freedom in the World 2015 evaluates the state of freedom in 195
countries and 15 territories during 2014. Each country and territory
is assigned two numerical ratings’from 1 to 7’for political rights and
civil liberties, with 1 representing the most free and 7 the least
free. The two ratings are based on scores assigned to 25 more detailed
indicators. The average of a country or territory’s political rights
and civil liberties ratings determines whether it is Free, Partly
Free, or Not Free.
Armenia received a rating of 5 for political rights, while a 4 for
civil liberties. Among Disputed Territories, Nagorno Karabakh was
categorized as Partly Free and received a 5 in both categories,
passing both Azerbaijan and Russia which are Not Free, with a score of
6 total. According to the report, Ukraine, Turkey, Georgia, and
Kyrgyzstan are also Partly Free.

Among the states categorized as Not Free are Belarus, Kazakhstan,
Uzbekistan, and Iran. Among all the Eurasian Economic Union countries
(Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, and Armenia) only Armenia is Partially
Free.

Freedom House stresses that there has been an increase of aggressive
tactics by authoritarian regimes and terrorist attacks, which has
contributed to the decline of freedom in the world for the ninth
straight year. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, a rollback of democratic
gains by Egyptian president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, Turkish president
Recep Tayyip ErdoÄ?an’s intensified campaign against press freedom and
civil society, and further centralization of authority in China were
evidence of a growing disdain for democratic standards that was found
in nearly all regions of the world.

In particular, according to the report, `Azerbaijani president Ilham
Aliyev won a landslide reelection victory against an opposition that
was crippled by arrests and legal constraints, and the regime stepped
up its jailing of human rights activists, journalists, and other
perceived enemies.

Despite year after year of declines in political rights and civil
liberties, however, Azerbaijan has avoided the democratic world’s
opprobrium due to its energy wealth and cooperation on security
matters.’ stated the report.

Among the 195 states, 89 have been considered Free, 55 ` Partially
Free, and 51 – Not Free.

http://www.epress.am/en/2015/01/29/armenia-considered-partially-free-other-eeu-members-not-free.html