UAE Interested In Expanding Cooperation With Armenia In Political An

UAE INTERESTED IN EXPANDING COOPERATION WITH ARMENIA IN POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC SPHERES

Noyan Tapan
Dec 7, 2009

YEREVAN, DECEMBER 7, NOYAN TAPAN. At the December 7 meeting of Armenian
President Serzh Sargsyan and Minister of State for Foreign Affairs
of the United Arab Emirates Dr. Anwar Gargash, the sides exchanged
ideas about bilateral cooperation in various spheres, the work of
the joint intergovernmental commission, and other issues.

S. Sargsyan expressed confidence that the high-level visits which
have become more frequent in recent period will play a positive role
in promotion of relations between Armenia and the UAE. Stressing
with satisfaction the dynamically developing cooperation of the two
countries, he said that Armenia is interested in strengthening its
links with the Gulf countries. The Armenian president expressed a
high opinion about the UAE’s discreet and balanced attitude to the
problems in the South Caucasus.

Underlining the UAE’s interest in expanding its cooperation with
the friendly Armenia in the political and economic spheres, Anwar
Gargash considered his visit to Armenia and the discussions held as
successful. Speaking about the 1988 earthquake, the state minister
said that they will never forget that tragic day and that they express
sympathy for the Armenian people.

EU Council Develops "New Extended Agreement" With Armenia, Georgia A

EU COUNCIL DEVELOPS "NEW EXTENDED AGREEMENT" WITH ARMENIA, GEORGIA AND AZERBAIJAN

ArmInfo
2009-12-08 14:53:00

ArmInfo. Discussions are held in EU Council on provision of mandates
for the "New extended agreement" with Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan,
a source in the European Union told ArmInfo on anonymous terms.

According to the source, as soon as the agreement on mandates is
reached, EU Commission will start negotiations on these "New extended
agreements" which will replace and improve the existing agreements on
partnership and cooperation with the South Caucasus countries. The
source in EU also said the new agreement has nothing in common with
EU associated membership like those provided to the Ukraine and Turkey.

""The new extended agreement" has nothing in common with a preliminary
status for joining EU or something along those lines. This issue is
not in the agenda", the source said.

Moreover, the source said, the Eastern Partnership and New European
Neighborhood Policy programmes are preserved as projects for work
with the South Caucasus countries. "For example, within the frames of
the Eastern Partnership, we shall develop a new extended agreement
which includes, in particular, a component on free trade with EU",
the source said and added that discussions in EU Council are expected
not earlier than in spring of 2010.

Turkey Urges OSCE To Back Azerbaijan In Karabakh Dispute

TURKEY URGES OSCE TO BACK AZERBAIJAN IN KARABAKH DISPUTE

RIA Novosti
December 7, 2009
BAKU

The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe should take
note of the UN stance on the Azerbaijani-Armenian territorial dispute
and support Baku, Turkey’s prime minister has said.

"The OSCE Minsk Group should be more decisive on this issue," Recep
Tayyip Erdogan was quoted as saying on Azerbaijan’s ANS TV channel.

"Steps must be taken. The UN declared that Nagorny Karabakh belongs to
Azerbaijan… Who should take the necessary step in this case? Armenia
should," the prime minister said.

"When we talk about settling the conflict, we mean an agreement on
the seven districts" belonging to Azerbaijan and occupied by Armenia,
he said.

If an agreement is not reached, "Turkey will take no positive steps
towards Armenia."

Four resolutions condemning the Armenian invasion and occupation
of Azerbaijan’s territories were passed by the UN Security Council
in 1993, at the height of the Azerbaijani-Armenian war in Nagorny
Karabakh.

Later that year, Turkey closed its border with Armenia in a show of
support for Azerbaijan, a predominantly Muslim, Turkic-speaking ally
of Ankara.

In October 2009, Turkey and Armenia signed historic accords on
diplomatic relations and on development of bilateral ties. The
documents have yet to be ratified by the country’s parliaments,
and face opposition from nationalist parties in both countries.

Last week, Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu said at a meeting
with his Azerbaijani counterpart Elmar Mammadyarov in Athens that
Turkish-Armenian deals can only be ratified after the Nagorny Karabakh
issue is resolved.

Ankara has also demanded that Yerevan drop its campaign to have the
mass killings of Armenians by Ottoman Turks in 1915 internationally
recognized as genocide.

The conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over Nagorny Karabakh
first erupted in 1988, when the region claimed independence from
Azerbaijan to join Armenia.

Over 30,000 people were reported dead on both sides between 1988
and 1994, and over 100 others died after a ceasefire was concluded
in 1994, leaving Nagorny Karabakh in Armenian hands, but tensions
between Azerbaijan and Armenia have persisted.

The OSCE Minsk Group, comprising the United States, Russia and France,
is a mediator in the conflict.

ANKARA: PM leaves for US as Turkish-American relations gain momentum

Turkish Press
Dec 6 2009

Prime Minister leaves for the US as Turkish-American relations gain momentum

Published: 12/6/2009

A key White House meeting with US President Barack Obama and Turkish
Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan is set for Monday as Turkey-US
relations have gained impetus amid common interests and diverging
priorities.

The agenda of the meeting comprises several issues of vital importance
such as Afghanistan, Iraq, the Middle East peace process, the
Caucasus, the Balkans, fight against terror and energy supply
security.

US President’s proposal calling NATO members for deploying additional
troops in Afghanistan appears at the top of Obama-Erdogan meeting. The
Prime Minister is expected to reiterate Turkey’s decision not to send
combatant troops to Afghanistan.

Monday’s meeting will also comprise possible sanctions on Iran’s
nuclear programme and Turkey’s objective to eliminate terror,
specifically in the north of Iraq, before the US fully withdraws from
Iraqi soil.

Accordingly, Prime Minister Erdogan may raise the question of
extradition of terrorist leaders who have been named in the US list of
drug smugglers.

Two leaders are also expected to consider Cyprus peace talks,
amelioration of Turkish-Armenian relations with regards to
long-standing Nagorno-Karabakh conflict in the Caucasus and energy
supply security in Turkey’s region.

Azerbaijanis to conduct protest rally in front of Euronews office

Azerbaijanis to conduct protest rally in front of Euronews office in Lion
06.12.2009 16:18 GMT+04:00

/PanARMENIAN.Net/ Azerbaijani students plan to conduct protest rally
next week in front of Euronews head office in Lion.

Azeri students’ discontent was caused by Euronews reportage titled
`Nagorno Karabakh – wind of changes’ where Karabakh was called an
Armenian land.

In this connection, Azerbaijan’s Foreign Ministry expressed a protest,
threatening channel authorities with the possibility of Euronews
broadcasting-related problems in Azerbaijan, APA reported.

David Nalbandian returns to court

David Nalbandian returns to court
05.12.2009 14:54 GMT+04:00

/PanARMENIAN.Net/ Argentinean Armenian tennis player David Nalbandian
for the first time after a long treatment in December will take part
in an international tournament in Buenos Aires. The main contenders of
Nalbandian in the tournament will be an Argentinean tennis player Juan
Monaco and Spaniard Carlos Moya.

Buenos Aires is the first major test after long treatment for
Nalbandian. Recall that Nalbandian took a course of rehabilitation
after surgery on his hip in May 2009.

Le Haut-Karabakh : deux poids, deux mesures…

Le Haut-Karabakh : deux poids, deux mesures…
by Anne-Marie Mouradian

Dec 03, 2009 04:48 PM

The principle is that the EU grants its development aid to populations
in need regardless of political considerations. But the truth is
difference. An article in French about the EU’s attitude to Nagorno
Karabakh. This article was published on by
Anne-Marie Mouradian.

L’Union européenne accorde en principe son aide humanitaire en
fonction des besoins des populations locales et non de considérations
politiques. La réalité est moins lisse. En témoigne la différence de
traitement envers deux républiques sud-caucasiennes autoproclamées et
au statut comparable : l’Abkhazie qui a fait sécession de la Géorgie
en 1992, d’une part, le Haut – Karabakh, enclave arménienne offerte à
l’Azerbaïdjan par Staline, qui a voté son indépendance en 1991, de
l’autre.

Deux « conflits gelés » à la suite de guerres d’indépendance
meurtières. La dernière crise russo-géorgienne et la signature, en
octobre, des protocoles arméno-turcs les ont rappelés au bon souvenir
de la communauté internationale.

Nonobstant le fait qu’elle ne la reconnaisse pas comme Etat, l’Union
européenne a des relations de facto avec l’Abkhazie. Elle lui fournit
une aide humanitaire, finance des projets visant à améliorer les
conditions de vie des habitants et des programmes de réhabilitation
économique. A travers ce modus vivendi, l’Europe a été en 2008 un
important donateur avec des projets « apolitiques » dont la mise en
`uvre n’était pas conditionnée à l’avancement des négociations ou à un
règlement du conflit.

L’UE refuse en revanche toute assistance au Haut-Karabakh et le
service d’aide humanitaire de la Commission européenne, ECHO, est
absent de l’enclave. Peter Senneby, l’envoyé spécial de l’Union
européenne pour le Caucase du Sud, s’est rendudepuis son entrée en
fonction, il y a trois ans, en Ossétie du Sud et en Abkhazie, mais il
n’est jamais allé au Haut-Karabakh. Deux poids, deux mesures pour ne
pas fcher Bakou. «Nous ne voulons pas », explique une source à la
Commission de Bruxelles, «créer de problèmes avec Bakou, avec le
gouvernement azerbaïdjanais qui considère toute aide à la population
du Haut-Karabakh comme une atteinte à sa souveraineté. Peter Senneby a
eu l’intention, à plusieurs reprises, d’aller à Stepanakert, la
capitale de l’enclave, mais a dû à chaque fois renoncer, voire
rebrousser chemin, sous la pression de Bakou».

Les Etats-Unis octroient, pour leur part, une assistance humanitaire
directe au Haut-Karabakh, fixée pour 2009 à 8 millions de dollars.
L’USAID y finance des projets de santé, d’approvisionnement en eau
potable, agriculture de subsistance, reconstruction des écoles et
habitations, programmes de micro-crédits…Pour tenter des combler les
lacunes humanitaires, quelques ONG internationales sont également
présentes, dont le Comité International de la Croix Rouge ou l’ONG
britannique « Halo Trust » spécialisée dans le nettoyage des mines
anti personnelles qui, quinze ans après le cessez le feu, continuent
de tuer et mutiler. Mais les besoins sont considérables.

Exsangue et détruite à 80% à l’issue de la guerre avec l’Azerbaïdjan,
le Haut-Karabakh, un « Etat qui n’existe pas mais qui est bien là »,
s’est attelé à sa reconstruction avec l’aide, principalement, de la
république d’Arménie elle-même isolée économiquement par le double
blocus turco-azéri, et d’organisations humanitaires arméniennes des
Etats-Unis et d’Europe, puisqu’à défaut d’un accès à la mer comme la
Géorgie ou de pétrole comme l’Azerbaïdjan, les Arméniens possèdent une
diaspora.

Absente sur le plan humanitaire et du développement, l’UE ne participe
pas non plus directement aux négociations sur le Haut-Karabakh entre
l’Arménie et l’Azerbaïdjan menées sous l’égide du groupe de Minsk de
l’OSCE. Elle n’est pas pour autant inactive et compte financer des «
mesures de confiance » entre les sociètés civiles des parties en
conflit, indique-t-on à Bruxelles. Mais ces programmes de contacts et
de rencontres restent limités aux populations de l’Arménie et de
l’Azerbaïdjan, en excluant les habitants du Haut-Karabakh qui semblent
considérés par la communauté internationale plus comme un enjeu que
comme des acteurs. Comment `uvrer pour la paix en ignorant la
dynamique locale ? Le Parlement européen a invité l’UE à sortir de ce
paradoxe en élargissant les contacts aux principaux intéréssés et en
facilitant des contacts entre les populations du Haut-Karabakh et
d’Azerbaïdjan.

Fragiles protocoles arméno-turcs
La problématique a été relancée avec la signature le 10 octobre, sous
énorme pression américaine, des protocoles entre l’Arménie et la
Turquie, sur fond de nouveau grand jeu géopolitique au Sud-Caucase.
L’ouverture de la frontière fermée par la Turquie depuis 1993 et le
rétablissement de relations diplomatiques devraient contribuer, en
principe, à stabiliser la région et permettre à l’Occident de
sécuriser son approvisionnement énergétique depuis le bassin de la
Caspienne.

Jusqu’ici, la Turquie avait mis trois conditions à l’ouverture de sa
frontière avec l’Arménie : que Erevan renonce à revendiquer la
reconnaissance du génocide arménien par les Turcs ottomans qu’Ankara
s’obstine à nier depuis 94 ans ; que le conflit du Haut-Karabakh soit
résolu de manière satisfaisante pour l’Azerbaïdjan, que Erevan
reconnaisse les frontières actuelles comme légales, renonçant à
d’éventuelles revendications territoriales et réparations.

Côté arménien, les autorités ont répété qu’elles ne demandaient aucun
préalable tout en précisant qu’il ne peut être question de remplacer
un embargo matériel par un embargo sur la mémoire. Des opposants aux
protocoles en Arménie comme dans la diaspora, jugent quant à eux toute
normalisation impossible tant que l’Etat turc, par son négationnisme
et son refus de tout acte de contrition, gardera toujours béante la
plaie du génocide arménien.

Concernant le Karabakh, il ne peut, estime Erevan, servir de
marchandage à une normalisation arméno-turque. La république de facto
qui n’a pas oublié les pogroms antiarméniens en Azerbaïdjan, rejette
catégoriquement toute idée de retour sous l’autorité de Bakou. Le
compromis global proposé par les médiateurs du groupe de Minsk porte
sur la définition du statut final de l’enclave dans le cadre d’un
referendum d’autodétermination, la question des réfugiés et personnes
déplacées, le retour sous contrôle azerbaïdjanais des zones tampon
entourant le Haut-Karabakh et un corridor reliant l’enclave à
l’Arménie. Pour Erevan, il s’agit d’un paquet à négocier dans son
ensemble. Bakou s’oppose au referendum d’autdétermination.

Face aux menaces de guerre régulièrement agitées par le président
Aliyev, un retrait des forces arméniennes de la ceinture de sécurité
qu’elles occupent autour du Haut-Karabakh rendrait l’enclave
vulnérable, sinon indéfendable en cas d’attaque ; elles n’envisagent
de s’en retirer que si elles sont remplacées par une force
internationale. Les médiateurs ont proposé le déploiement d’une
mission de paix mais aucun Etat, à part la Russie, n’est prêt à
envoyer de troupes. « Nous n’avons reçu aucun signal dans ce sens de
la part de nos responsables politiques » constate un expert du Comité
militaire de l’UE.

« En cette période de crise financière et de réduction des budgets,
l’UE envisage moins que jamais de déployer une mission de paix autour
du Karabakh» confirme-t-on à la Commission européenne. Comme le relève
Bruno Coppieters, professeur de sciences politiques à la Vrije
Universiteit Brussel, « Le problème des Etats non reconnus
internationalement, c’est qu’on peut difficilement garantir leur
sécurité et empêcher l’usage de la force à leur encontre. C’est ce qui
s’est passé dans le cas de l’Akhazie, en août 2008. Il faut que la
communauté internationale trouve le moyen de prévenir les menaces
d’agression dans ce genre de situation ».

Officiellement, les protocoles arméno-turcs ne prévoient rien d’autre
que l’ouverture de la frontière et la normalisation sans préalables
des relations bilatérales entre la Turquie et l’Arménie, après
ratification par leurs parlements.

L’accord à peine signé, le Premier ministre Erdogan subordonnait
pourtant leur mise en `uvre à une solution du conflit du Karabakh. Le
parlement turc ne ratifiera pas les protocoles tant qu’il n’aura pas
obtenu satisfaction sur cette question, en comptant sur la fragilité
d’une Arménie rendue économiquement vulnérable par le blocus. Un
calcul qui balaierait les engagements des « parrains » occidentaux et
équivaudrait à torpiller le processus de normalisation. Reconnaître
qu’il a été « piégé» et accepter une formule mettant en danger le
statut et la sécurité du Haut-Karabakh contraindrait le Président
arménien Serge Sarkissian à la démission. Avant lui, l’ancien
président Levon Ter-Petrossian en a fait l’expérience dans des
circonstances comparables.

Nul ne sait à ce stade ce qui sortira des protocoles arméno-turcs. Le
chemin est encore long à parcourir et laisse prévoir de complexes et
obscures man`uvres diplomatiques. Leur mise en `uvre inconditionnelle
permettrait un début de rapprochement, premier pas d’un long et
difficile processus, sachant que normalisation et réconciliation sont
deux notions différentes. La première relève d’une décision d’Etat à
Etat. La seconde nécessite l’assentiment et l’adhésion des peuples,
clé d’une véritable stabilisation.

*Anne-Marie Mouradian est journaliste, correspondante de plusieurs
médias internationaux (Bruxelles).

http://www.grotius.fr/
http://www.grotius.fr/

ISTANBUL: 12,000 Armenian citizens working illegally in Turkey

Today’s Zaman, Turkey
Dec 5 2009

Report: 12,000 Armenian citizens working illegally in Turkey

Photo: Researcher Alin Ozinian, a Turkish Armenian, interviewed
Armenians living in Turkey for the study.

There are between 12,000 and 13,000 Armenian citizens working
illegally in Turkey, the results of a study by the Eurasia Partnership
Foundation have revealed.

According to the study, 94 percent of the Armenians working in Turkey
are women, with very few Armenian men accompanying their spouses to
Turkey or working here. Armenian women tend to work as childcare
providers, servants, janitors and saleswomen. Most of the Armenian men
who accompany their wives here choose not to work at all, while those
who do tend to work in the jewelry business.

The foundation — based in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia — recently
sponsored a detailed study on the work patterns of Armenians in
Turkey. Head researcher Alin Ozinian, an ?Ä?°stanbul native of Armenian
descent, worked for two years on the project, which culminated in a
150-page report to be released to the public next month in ?Ä?°stanbul.
The report makes important claims as to the number of Armenians living
in Turkey. According to official numbers, 6,000 Armenians did not
return home after traveling to Turkey between 2000 and 2008. Ozinian
adds figures from the 1990s to this number and says the number of
Armenians illegally living in Turkey is not 70,000 to 100,000 as has
previously been asserted, but is actually 12,000 to 13,000.

In November, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdo?Ä?an said during the
course of a speech in Malatya that there were nearly 100,000 Armenians
living illegally in Turkey and that the government overlooked this. In
the past, Turkish foreign ministers and diplomats have also spoken of
Armenians living in Turkey numbering around 70,000. Turkey has
deported very few Armenians working illegally here in recent years,
the report says, asserting that Armenians are only deported if they
have committed a crime outside of working illegally; the crime rate
amongst immigrant Armenians is very low. Ozinian believes that the
Turkish authorities knowingly ignore illegal Armenian workers in
Turkey.

For those Armenians with the will, it is a simple matter to immigrate
to Turkey. An $80 bus ticket secures travel through Georgia to the
Turkish border, where another $15 buys an entry visa. Ninety-five
percent of Armenian immigrants choose to live in ?Ä?°stanbul.

An interesting finding of the study is that those migrating from
Armenia prefer to work and live with Turks in ?Ä?°stanbul, as opposed to
Armenians who are natives of the city. Immigrant Armenians say the
`moral values’ of Turks and Armenians are very close. Amongst the
survey questions asked as part of the study was, `Is there a
difference between the idea of a Turk you had in your head before
coming here and the ideas you have now?’ Most of the answers expressed
a fear of Turks before coming and a love of them after living and
working with them.

Armenian immigrant children often do not continue their education
after coming to Turkey, and infants born here have no official birth
certificates. As there is no Armenian consulate or embassy in Turkey,
they are children without identities or nationality.

05 December 2009, Saturday
S?Ã`LEYMAN KURT ANKARA

672-100-report-12000-armenian-citizens-working-ill egally-in-turkey.html

http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/news-194

U.S. To Support Armenia-Turkey Reconciliation: Obama

U.S. TO SUPPORT ARMENIA-TURKEY RECONCILIATION: OBAMA

news.am
Dec 4 2009
Armenia

13:09 / 12/04/2009U.S. President stated he would continue to press
unconditional Armenia-Turkey rapprochement, RFE/RL reads. NEWS.am
posts the full text of the article of RFE/RL website.

"Obama hailed the U.S.-backed dialogue between the two nations as
"historic," in a letter to Hirair Hovnanian, chairman of the Armenian
Assembly of America,that was publicized by the influential advocacy
group late on Thursday.

"I agree that normalization between Armenia and Turkey should move
forward without preconditions and within a reasonable timeframe,"
he said, echoing statements by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton
and other U.S. officials.

"We will continue to vigorously support the normalization effort in
the months ahead," added Obama.

The letter dated November 20 came in response to a September
9 joint appeal to Obama from Hovnanian and the leaders of the
Armenian General Benevolent Union and two U.S dioceses of the
Armenian Apostolic Church. The signatories voiced support for the
fence-mending Turkish-Armenian agreements and said Washington should
get Ankara to stop linking their implementation with a resolution of
the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict favored by Azerbaijan.

The Armenian-American leaders also urged Obama to honor his campaign
pledges to recognize the 1915 massacres of Armenians in the Ottoman
Empire as genocide once in office. "If this normalization process
is used as a smokescreen for not reaffirming the Armenian Genocide
and the U.S. record, it will be a blow to the rapprochement process
and the expectations of people of goodwill everywhere," they said,
highlighting concerns among many Armenians in the United States and
elsewhere in the world.

In his reply, Obama again stopped short using the word ‘genocide’
with respect to "one of the great atrocities of the 20th century,"
even if he made clear that he stands by his past pronouncements on the
subject. "My interest remains the achievement of a full, frank and just
acknowledgement of the facts," he wrote. "I believe that the best way
to advance that goal is for the Armenian and Turkish people to address
the facts of the past as part of their efforts to move forward."

How The West Lost Turkey

HOW THE WEST LOST TURKEY
NICK DANFORTH

Greek American News Agency
/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id =6634&Itemid=83
Dec 1 2009

Lately, some on the right in Washington have fretted that Turkey’s
religiously oriented Justice and Development Party, the AKP, will
distance the country from its Western allies, eroding secularism as it
seeks tighter bonds within the Middle East. After all, Prime Minister
Recep Tayyip Erdogan has pushed some very sensitive Western buttons:
He has dismissed concerns over Iran’s nuclear program, for instance,
and canceled a military exercise with Israel, holding one with Syria
instead.

These moves leave plenty to worry about — including the possibility
that the United States will make things worse by worrying about all
the wrong things. But Erdogan’s decisions do not augur the rise of
an Islamist foreign policy in Turkey. The more troubling reality
is that they are the inevitable outcome of long-brewing domestic
trends. In limiting cooperation with Israel and improving relations
with neighbors like Iran and Syria, Erdogan is playing to Turkish
leftists and rightists, secularists and Islamists. He’s pandering to
voters who already dislike the United States and Israel while cleverly,
if cynically, pursuing Turkey’s national interests. A good politician
from any other party would do the same.

Understanding Erdogan’s political calculus starts with understanding
that in Turkey anger at the West is near universal. Where Islamists
see a global crusade against their faith, secular leftists see global
capitalism and U.S. imperialism. Many Islamists think Israel and
the United States are secretly working with the Turkish military to
overthrow the democratically elected Islamist government. Conversely,
many secularists think Israel and the United States are using the AKP
to weaken Turkey by undermining its secular identity. According to a
recent poll, 72 percent of people in Turkey believe foreign powers
are working to break apart their country. It’s little comfort that
they disagree on how.

Turks themselves were never enthusiastic about their country’s
relationship with Israel. The military was, though, and for much of
Turkey’s recent history it controlled the country’s foreign policy.

Now, in an increasingly democratic Turkey with more power centers
when it comes to foreign affairs, the temptation for politicians to
pander to anti-Israel, anti-Semitic, and anti-Washington sentiment
is hard to resist — as seen in Erdogan’s recent statements.

The more impatient Washington gets with this dynamic, the worse it
will be. Suggesting, for instance, that it wouldn’t be so bad if the
Turkish army were still running the show just plays into the hands of
millions of anti-American conspiracy theorists — who are surprisingly
attentive to statements from think tanks and Capitol Hill. It also
feeds the illusion that the Turkish military will remain reliably
pro-American. Older, higher-ranking officers continue to work closely
with their U.S. counterparts. But younger officers who grew up viewing
the United States as their enemy are rising through the ranks.

Fortunately, Erdogan’s friendship with Iranian President Mahmoud
Ahmadinejad enjoys less popular support. And though moderates decry
the friendship, fringe rightists and leftists applaud it. Last June,
both moderate Islamists and moderate secularists embraced the Iranian
protesters as kindred spirits. To secularists, many of whom view
Erdogan as little more than a Turkish Ahmadinejad, the protesters
were fighting against theocracy. To Islamists, the protesters were
fighting for democracy, with the ayatollahs cast in the authoritarian
role of the Turkish military. After President Abdullah Gul and Erdogan
rushed to congratulate Ahmadinejad on his victory, several columnists
in the reliably pro-government Zaman newspaper broke with the party
line to condemn the brutality on the streets of Tehran.

Meanwhile, more partisan voices on both extremes denounced the
protesters as American or Zionist puppets. A secular columnist, for
instance, described Neda Agha-Soltan — the protesting young woman
whose death was seen around the world on YouTube — as a militant in
George Soros’s army who had removed the cross from her neck to pose
as a protester. An Islamist paper claimed she was still wearing the
cross when she was shot.

In time, democratization will help discredit the radicals on both
sides. Until then, Washington’s best partners remain those moderates
who, whatever they think of the United States, at the very least
share a mutually comprehensible view of the world.

There are also powerful economic and strategic interests driving
Turkey’s foreign policy of which watchers in Washington should take
better notice. In recent years, a vibrantly capitalist Turkey has
bolstered its regional trade to great effect, looking for markets
not just in the Middle East but also in old enemies such as Armenia.

Lifting visa requirements with Syria in September, for instance, has
already been a boon to businessmen in southern Turkey. Russia is now
the country’s largest trading partner, and the Wall Street Journal
reports that Turkey’s trade with Sudan has tripled since 2006. Iran,
meanwhile, is a major source of cheap natural gas, keeping Turkey’s
economy growing. How shocked can the United States be if that makes
Ahmadinejad look a little less despotic in Ankara?

Turkey is acutely aware that economic success is crucial to securing
European Union membership. Indeed, Ankara has promoted its EU candidacy
by claiming that it will help expand Europe’s influence in the Middle
East; the AKP has offered Turkey’s services as a mediator between Syria
and Israel as well as between Iran and the United States. Turkish
politicians and intellectuals are quick to point out that they will
be more useful to their allies if they are also on good terms with
their allies’ enemies. Being a bridge between East and West, they say,
requires having a footing in the East as well.

Yet in trying to turn its dual identity into a strategic asset,
Turkey runs the perpetual risk of finding itself rejected by both
sides — too Muslim and Middle Eastern for the Europeans, and too
secular and pro-American for the Middle Easterners. Europeans might
be more tolerant than Americans when it comes to entreaties to Iran
and Iran’s criticism of Israel, but only up to a point. Recently,
the AKP seems to have realized it went too far for EU tastes in
preparing to welcome Sudanese President Omar Hassan al-Bashir to
Istanbul. Meanwhile, Turkey’s relations with the Arab world have
always been worse than many people realize. The Ottoman Empire, for
one, is not fondly remembered by many of its former subjects. Turkey
opposed Algerian independence in 1955 and almost attacked Syria in
1998. With the Cold War over and a resolution to Turkey’s perennial
Kurdish problem in sight, the general consensus in Ankara is that
it’s high time Turkey patched things up with the East as well.

The hostility Turks feel toward their allies is alarming. Their
desire for peace and prosperity in the region is not. Ultimately,
the challenge for Washington is to keep this distinction in mind when
deciding how worried to get over developments in Turkey. Erdogan’s
challenge is even harder. He has to get what he can from Turkey’s
new friends in the East while also keeping — and, if necessary,
publicly defending — Turkey’s friends in the West.

http://www.greekamericannewsagency.com/gana