Letter to the Editor of The Independent, UK: The military history of the Ottomans is complex

The Independent, UK
Jan 1 2019
LETTER

Robert Fisk recommended my book Ottomans and Armenians, A Study in Counterinsurgency as required reading in the Saudi military academies in his recent piece.

However, Fisk selectively claims that I wrote the Armenian rebellion was “widespread” and he alludes that it really wasn’t a rebellion at all. What I said, in context, was the rebellion was “small and localised, but widespread” (page 221). The pattern of intelligence reports about these acts in 1915 led the Ottoman decision-makers to believe that a major insurrection was imminent. As I make crystal clear in my book – it does not matter whether this was true or not… what matters is that the Ottomans believed it to be true at the time.

Second, Fisk glosses over the facts that the Armenian revolutionary committees, urged on and supported by the Russians and British, actively rebelled in 1915 in concert with Russian offensive military operations. Moreover, important expatriate personalities in the pre-1914 Armenian diaspora actively inflamed revolutionary tendencies in the Ottoman Empire. There is incontrovertible archival evidence supporting this in Kew, Saint Petersburg, Paris, and Istanbul.

Third, explicitly Ottomans and Armenians, A Study in Counterinsurgency does not address the issue of whether or not the events of 1915 constituted a genocide. I am a military historian and my book addresses how the Ottomans approached the military problem of an imminent rebellion occurring in the middle of a major conventional war, as well as outlining the military history of Ottoman counterinsurgency campaigns (such as the one in Yemen that Fisk highlighted) in the late imperial period. My book demonstrates the mass relocations in 1915 were limited to a geographic area of six eastern Anatolian provinces (and a few key cities located along the lines of communications). My book is about causes and decisions and not about the effects on the relocated population.

Finally, since Fisk brought up my explanation of the Boer War, I would point out that Ottomans and Armenians is a military history and not a social or cultural history. The ill-treatment of Boer civilians was a cause celebre in Britain at the turn of the century – as was the treatment of relocated Cubans by the Spanish in 1895 and relocated Filipinos by the Americans in 1902.

Edward J Erickson, PhD –  scholar-in-residence, Clark Centre for Global Engagement, State University of New York at Cortland


Asbarez: Bizarre Turkish News: For the Amusement of Readers During the Holiday Season

Harut Sassounian

BY HARUT SASSOUNIAN

Throughout this past year, I have collected several examples of eccentric reports or rules imposed on Turkish society. Naturally, millions of liberal and civilized Turks are unhappy with these behind the times regulations, but as long as President Erdogan is in power, such draconian measures will continue to be imposed on all Turkish citizens! Here are some examples:

— Pinar Tremblay of Al-Monitor reported that Turkey’s Diyanet, the Religious Affairs Directorate’s website, announced on February 3, 2018 that “based on the well-known words of the Prophet Muhammad, Muslims are advised to eat and drink with the right hand and to teach their children to do the same because the ‘devil eats with the left hand.’” How about those who are left-handed or don’t have a right arm, wondered many members of the Turkish public?

— Ihsan Senocak, a well-known Islamic Imam, resigned from the Diyanet in February after his controversial announcement that women who wear pants are sinners destined for hell! Senocak had also announced that a man should not kiss the hand of his young mother-in-law because it could lead to temptation!

— Mahmut Acar, a local resident of nearby Incirlik Air Base in Turkey told Sputnik News that US soldiers stationed there are buying Turkish children and then taking them to the United States to convert them to Christianity.

— Yavuz Ornek, a Turkish lecturer at Istanbul University, stated on Turkish television on January 6 that Noah communicated with his son via a cell phone before the flood. Ornek also claimed that Noah built his ark with steel plates and it ran on nuclear energy! “I am a scientist, I speak for science,” the ignorant Ornek insisted.

— The Turkish Directorate of Religious Affairs announced that girls as young as nine years old and boys at the age of 12 can get married!

— The Diyanet also issued several fatwas (religious edicts) announcing that “Bitcoins are inappropriate at this time.” A second one stated that dyeing men’s hair black is inappropriate according to Islam. A third one forbade the purchase of lottery tickets or working at a place where alcohol is sold. A fourth one banned listening to “immoral music.” But the most controversial fatwa was the one announcing that a man can divorce his wife via a telephone call, email, text message or letter. Such means of declaring divorce is supposed to be as good as saying it to the spouse’s face. The only thing the wife has to make sure is that the text message or email is from her husband!

— Newsweek quoted a Turkish Islamic preacher announcing on the religious television station Fatih Medreseleri that men without beards “cannot be distinguished from women” and can provoke “indecent thoughts” by other men. “Men should grow beards. [Beards are] one of the two body parts that separate men from women,” Murat Bayaral stated. “If you see a man with long hair from afar, you may think he is a woman if he does not have a beard, because nowadays, women and men dress similarly. God forbid! You could be possessed by indecent thoughts,” he explained, expressing the fear that men might look at members of the same sex with sexual interest.

— As I reported in an earlier article, former Turkish Deputy Prime Minister Bulent Arinc had announced that “women should not laugh out loud in public!”

According to Newsweek, the foregoing reports indicate that Erdogan is trying to take Turkey “down an increasingly religious path with a new version of Islamic nationalism. Since the founding of modern Turkey in 1923, the word ‘secularism’ was enshrined in Turkey’s constitution. But Erdogan has increasingly recommended that religion become a part of public life. Over the past year, classes on evolution have been removed from public school curricula, and the government permitted girls to wear headscarves in school, something that was prohibited in the past.”

Newsweek’s reporter Cristina Maza concluded: “Today, Turkey’s leadership faces the daunting task of determining how to govern the more religious and the secular aspects of its society simultaneously. ‘The religious in the Muslim world have reasserted themselves in a number of divergent streams. This has inevitably energized the Muslim masses in Turkey,’ geopolitical forecaster George Friedman wrote in an April op-ed for Real Clear World. ‘The secular, European culture that had dominated the country is confronting the increasingly powerful claims of the religious. The fundamental political and social question is how to create a single polity built around two divergent cultures.’”

We hope President Erdogan and his old-fashioned Imams issue more bizarre edicts in 2019 returning Turkey to the Stone Age!

Armenian tech sector in 2018: The huge investments

iTel.am, Armenia
Dec 26 2018

2018 has been good to a number of IT companies founded by Armenians: they received large investments from foreign venture funds as well as individuals.

Itel.am tells about the tech companies with Armenian founders, which have managed to raise USD 1 million and more this year.

ServiceTitan – USD 227m

2018 has been fairly successful for ServiceTitan, the U.S.-based provider of field service management software for home-service businesses.

Founded by Armenian experts Ara Mahdessian and Vahe Kuzoyan, the company raised USD 62m in Series C funding in spring, USD 165m in Series D funding in autumn, and later reached the valuation of USD 1.65bn.

The round was led by Index Ventures, joined by Dragoneer, T. Rowe Price, Battery Ventures, Bessemer Venture Partners and ICONIQ Capital.

Sports: Mkhitaryan injury moment on video

News.am, Armenia
Dec 25 2018

The video above shows the moment when Arsenal midfielder Henrikh Mkhitaryan suffered an injury during the Gunners’ English Football League (EFL) Cup quarterfinal clash against Tottenham Hotspur.

Captain of the Armenian national football squad had collided with Tottenham’s Brazil midfielder Lucas Moura, while making a shot.

After getting medical assistance, Mkhitaryan had returned to the pitch and continued playing.

The Armenia international, however, was subbed off during halftime of this match that was played on December 19.

Mkhitaryan on Monday was diagnosed with a fractured metatarsal in his right foot.

He is expected to resume training in February.

Watch the video at

Nikol Pashinyan responds to the Republican candidate on Artsakh issue

Panorama, Armenia
Nov 27 2018

The leader of “My Step” bloc, acting Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan referred today in Stepanavan to the statements of RPA representative Davit Shahnazaryan, who is the third on RPA list, regarding the current government’s activities and their position on the Artsakh issue.

Recently, the republican David Shahnazaryan announced that the government has come to force to hand Karabakh. I do not want to make emotional announcements now, as the RPA and Davit Shahnazaryan do not maknot move any emotions, but I want you to get the answer to that question based on the facts. I am the first leader to clearly state that no one in the Republic of Armenia and the government can solve the issue of Artsakh, because the people are the ones who should solve it. If there is a solution to the Karabakh issue that is acceptable to the people, I will come and present the proposal to the people can decide whether to accept that proposal or not. This is the biggest guarantee that any government, especially our government, even if it is so crazy and traitorous, it cannot implement what is on the RPA’s mind, “said the acting Prime Minister.

According to Nikol Pashinyan, he is the first Armenian leader to announce that he can speak on behalf of Armenia on Karabakh issue but will not negotiate on behalf of Karabakh. “The position of Artsakh can only be represented by Artsakh’s political forces. The position of Artsakh will be decisive, as it’s first of all the Artsakh people that should solve the issue of Artsakh, and no one can solve the issue against the will of Artsakh people “.

He also mentioned that recently, during his vacation in Artsakh, he invited the leadership of Artsakh, all the Armed Forces commanders, representatives of the political leadership and presented all the details of the talks on the Artsakh issue, the details of the negotiation process that we have had so far.

“I have just told them that I do not accept, including David Shahnazaryan’s and other republicans’ point of view on the fact that we need 5-7 people to master the Karabakh issue on an expert level. I have said the opposite, the more people master it the better for us, as there cannot be a secret for Artsakh Armed Forces, diplomatic corps and, to some extent, for the people,” said Nikol Pashinyan. “I have also publicly stated that it is unacceptable that international representatives ask us whether we are ready to make concessions or compromises. I have said that we refuse to answer that question as long as the international community does not ask the same question to Azerbaijan. If you ask the same question to Azerbaijan and get the answer, you are free to come and ask us.”

Daniel Ioannisyan: There are violations in campaigns of My Step bloc and Prosperous Armenia party

News.am, Armenia
Nov 27 2018
Daniel Ioannisyan: There are violations in campaigns of My Step bloc and Prosperous Armenia party Daniel Ioannisyan: There are violations in campaigns of My Step bloc and Prosperous Armenia party

18:25, 27.11.2018
                  

YEREVAN.- Pre-election posters of some candidates from My Step bloc and Prosperous Armenia party  are posted at a place not intended for that purpose, the coordinator of Union of Informed Citizens (UIC), Electoral Code Reforms Commission Secretary Daniel Ioannisyan told Armenian News – NEWS.am

He noted that the posters of Davit Sanasaryan, Hayk Konjoryan and Artur Dallakyan from the “My Step” bloc were posted in the wrong places.

The national coat of arms of Armenia is depicted on the Davit Sanasaryan’s poster, which, according to Ioannisyan, is not a violation of the Electoral Code but is a violation of the law on the coat of arms of Armenia.

Merkel has good memories of her visit to Armenia

MediaMax, Armenia
Nov 29 2018
Merkel has good memories of her visit to Armenia

According to Armenian presidential press service, Angela Merkel said that she has good memories of her visit to Armenia in August this year. 

 

She noted that she was especially impressed with TUMO Center for Creative Technologies, and currently the German side is discussing the opportunities of cooperation. 

 

“Germany is Armenia’s important political and economic partner and a friendly state,” Armen Sarkissian said and added that he was happy to meet again and continue discussions on expansion of Armenian-German relations. 

 

According to him, the two countries can successfully cooperate in high tech and IT, where Armenia has significant potential. “Our country can be a platform for various startups,” Armen Sarkissian emphasized. 

 

On November 28 Armen Sarkissian also met with President of the Bundestag Wolfgang Schäuble.

 

In addition to bilateral relations, they discussed the process of ratification of Partnership Committee under the EU-Armenia Comprehensive and Enhanced Partnership Agreement (CEPA) and visa liberalization issue.

Zatulin believes Russia should consider Armenia’s concerns regarding selling weaponry to Azerbaijan

Aysor, Armenia
Nov 30 2018
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Russia should consider the concerns of the Armenian side regarding selling Russian weaponry to Azerbaijan, Konstantin Zatulin, first deputy chairman of the committee of the State Duma for the CIS and European integration affairs said after the first plenary session of Lazarev Club conducted in Yerevan today, adding though that it is his personal opinion.

Asked how he assesses the regular sell of weaponry to Azerbaijan by Russia and Belarus, Zatulin said, “I cannot speak about Belarus.  I can say that all such issues should be discussed in the sidelines of the CSTO and if it does not fit into partnership commitments certain decisions should be made. As far as I know there are no official ban or permission for selling weaponry,” Zatulin said.

He stressed that Russia sells weaponry to Azerbaijan but provides to Armenia.

“I personally think, I want to stress that it is my personal opinion, we should consider Armenia’s concerns regarding sell of weaponry to Azerbaijan especially after the 2016 April war. My position is not a secret, I defend it in all formats,” Zatulin said.

Germany arrests two Armenian mafia mobsters with 35 kg of marijuana

CrimeRussia.com
Nov 23 2018

They participated in a shootout between criminal clans in the city of Erfurt in 2014 and 2016.

German police arrested 31-year-old Artur Z. and 26-year-old Karo S. (names changed) on suspicion of drug trafficking in the territory of the federal state of Thuringia, according to MDR THÜRINGEN. 35 kg of marijuana were found during searches.

Artur Z. and Karo S. were among the leaders of the Joker gang, which included young people from Armenia and Azerbaijan. The group was engaged in racketeering, robbery, and drug trafficking. Subsequently, the Joker gang fell apart, but two men continued their criminal activities. The suspects participated in the firefight between Armenian clans in the city of Erfurt in July 2014. Artur Z. also joined a shooting between the Armenian and Moldovan groups near a nightclub in Erfurt in June 2016.

According to the publication MDR THÜRINGEN, the investigators tried to establish ties between the Armenian mafia and the drug trade, but they did not have enough evidence.

For three years, the Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA) together with the German Land Police Agency has been conducting a secret operation to search and arrest representatives of Armenian organized crime groups under the code name FATIL – Fight Against Thieves In Law. German police drew attention to the Armenian criminal groups after a shootout between participants of two organized criminal groups at a casino in Erfurt in 2014. Then two people of Armenia aged 27 and 54 were injured.

As part of the operation, 14 criminal cases were initiated. Investigations have been initiated against 42 people who are charged with money laundering. The materials featured the names of boxers Artur Abraham, Karo Murat, and the Armenian ambassador in the country, Ashot Smbatyan, but the law enforcers could not find convincing evidence against them and other suspects. The names of the suspected thieves in law are still not disclosed.                

Armenia’s Security Council Secretary takes part in CIS Moscow annual meeting

Armenia’s Security Council Secretary takes part in CIS Moscow annual meeting

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15:47,

YEREVAN, NOVEMBER 21, ARMENPRESS. Armenia’s Security Council Secretary Armen Grigoryan participated in the VI CIS Annual Meeting of Security Council Secretaries in Moscow, Russia.

Grigoryan said on Facebook that the agenda of the meeting included issues relating to combating terrorism, terror funding and biosecurity.

In accordance with the agenda, Grigoryan delivered remarks and presented the domestic political situation of Armenia. He highlighted the implementation of joint efforts in combating international terrorism, terror funding, extremism, money laundering and organized crime and presented the work that is being carried out in Armenia in this direction.

In his remarks, Grigoryan outlines the significance of the active reference labs in Armenia, in the context of early prevention of hazardous pandemics both inside and outside the country and organizing the actions relating to overcoming them.

Grigoryan noted that Armenia has always displayed and continues displaying willingness in cooperating with stakeholder sides for ensuring biosecurity and is acting within the framework of international law, maximally transparent and predictable.

Edited and translated by Stepan Kocharyan