Le pont de Galata en eaux troubles

Libération , France
18 août 2004

Le pont de Galata en eaux troubles;
Eté. Lieux mythiques. La casbah d’Alger, Yalta, le pôle Nord, le
Watergate… Tout au long de l’été, Libération revisite les lieux que
l’histoire, la géographie ou la culture ont rendus célèbres et qu’on
connaît mieux de nom que de vue.

SEMO Marc

Aujourd¹hui démonté, il était à l¹image d¹Istanbul, à la charnière
entre l¹Europe et l¹Asie.

Istanbul envoyé spécial

La rouille ronge les poutrelles et les plaques de tôle du vieux pont
flottant de Galata. Après plus d’un siècle de bons et loyaux
services, il a été traîné là en 1994 au fond de l’estuaire de la
Corne d’Or comme un navire au rebut. Désormais inutile, il pourrit
tout doucement sur ces eaux sombres et nauséabondes que bordent des
chantiers navals en déshérence, des cheminées noircies d’usines
désormais fermées et de vieux immeubles lépreux. “Il y avait le
projet d’en faire un ponton pour la culture et les loisirs avec des
cafés, mais finalement rien n’a été fait, d’autant que les islamistes
qui tiennent la municipalité du quartier refusaient d’accorder les
licences pour l’alcool”, explique un étudiant de ce faubourg d’Eyup
avec ses immenses cimetières entourant la belle mosquée aux
éclatantes faïences construite autour de la tombe de ce compagnon de
Mahomet qui prophétisa la conquête de Constantinople. Il y a deux
ans, une grande marque de voitures occidentale utilisa le lieu avec
toute sa symbolique pour le lancement mondial d’un de ses modèles.
Une brève parenthèse. Le vieux pont se meurt inexorablement sans que
les pouvoirs publics osent encore lui donner le coup de grce.

Bistrots au ras de l’eau. “Ce n’était pas un pont comme les autres.
Il était le plus ancien, le plus central. On le sentait bouger. Il
s’ouvrait pour laisser passer les bateaux et alors la ville était
coupée en deux. Les autorités l’ouvraient aussi dans les moments de
tension pour bloquer les manifestations”, se souvient l’écrivain
Nedim Gursel qui vient de publier Au pays des poissons captifs (1) et
a écrit de nombreux textes sur Istanbul. Un nouveau pont large et
fonctionnel comme une autoroute a remplacé l’ancien pour relier
Karaköy et le vieux port de passagers à Eminonü et ses bazars. Les
bistrots au ras de l’eau ont disparu, tout comme les vieux
embarcadères de bois qui craquaient au rythme de la houle. Dans la
fumée des pots d’échappement, quelques pêcheurs encombrent les
étroits trottoirs avec leurs seaux où flottent de chétives prises.
“C’est par habitude, mais ces poissons ne sont même plus mangeables”,
ironise le vieil Ahmet, retraité des postes.

Construit au milieu du XIXe siècle sur les plans d’ingénieurs
français avec des poutrelles de fer à la place d’un ponton de
barques, ce pont flottant est rapidement devenu un mythe. Même si le
premier des deux grands ouvrages d’art qui enjambent le Bosphore,
reliant donc l’Europe et l’Asie, n’a été construit qu’à la fin des
années 70. Le pont de Galata, bien que tout entier sur la rive
européenne d’Istanbul, était le symbole d’une ville à la charnière
entre deux mondes. “La Corne d’Or divise Constantinople comme en deux
continents (…); d’un côté, la ville turque Stamboul chère à Pierre
Loti, et de l’autre, les quartiers levantins parasites : Galata, Pera
et le reste”, écrivait Claude Farrère au début du siècle dernier.
D’un côté, la silhouette des mosquées et leurs minarets se découpant
sur le ciel ; de l’autre, la Tour de Galata construite par les Génois
et les discrets clochers des églises grecques arméniennes ou
catholiques. “Sur le pont de Galata, on n’y danse pas mais on y voit
défiler tout Pera et tout Stamboul (…) Voici la foule tout d’abord
indistincte des porteurs de fez mais un étranger qui sait voir a tôt
fait de les ranger en catégories : Grecs au profil délié, Arméniens
aux yeux de velours, Juifs espagnols, Turcs au visage allongé,
Persans basanés au fez en astrakan noir”, notait en 1921 Henri
Gilson, alors consul de France, dans la Fin de Stamboul (2).

La photo symbole de la libération de la ville en 1923 montre les
troupes d’Atatürk défilant sur le pont. Avec la République et le
départ des “minoritaires” (Grecs, Arméniens, juifs, etc.), la très
cosmopolite Istanbul est devenue de plus en plus turque et musulmane.
Le pont de Galata était alors l’un des coeurs de la vie stambouliote.
Comme tout lieu mythique, il suscitait ses escrocs. Ainsi Sulun Osman
qui harponnait les riches et naïfs paysans de passage, leur proposant
de leur vendre le pont en leur jurant que c’était un plan en or car
tous ceux qui y passaient devaient soi-disant verser leur obole. Mais
l’exode rural dès la fin des années 60 a complètement bouleversé une
ville qui, en un peu plus de quarante ans, a décuplé sa population.

Saccage. “Le vieux pont était sur le point de couler mais une
rénovation ou son remplacement par un ouvrage du même genre était
possible. C’est le massacre du coeur d’une ville comme à Paris celui
des quais de la Seine avec les voies sur berge”, souligne Ali Sirmen,
écrivain et éditorialiste de renom de la gauche turque qui fut l’un
des rares intellectuels à se mobiliser contre ce saccage poursuivi
tout au long des années 80, transformant le centre, éventrant les
vieux quartiers pour tracer des autoroutes urbaines. Depuis une
dizaine d’années, les habitants du centre-ville ont commencé à
s’organiser dans des associations. Les rues piétonnes se multiplient
et la municipalité islamiste évoque une vaste réhabilitation du
quartier de Karaköy, entre le Bosphore et la Corne d’Or. Mais il est
trop tard et nul ne pourrait plus aujourd’hui comme Ohran Vehli dans
l’un de ses plus célèbres poèmes chanter son amour de la ville :
“J’écoute Istanbul les yeux fermés/ des bruits de marteaux montent
des docks/ dans le vent doux du printemps flottent des odeurs de
sueur/ je t’écoute Istanbul les yeux fermés.”

(1) Editions Bleu autour, 228 pp. 18 euros.

(2) Cité dans Istanbul réel, Istanbul rêvé, par l’Institut français
d’études anatoliennes, l’Esprit des péninsules, 21 euros.

(Demain, Christopher Street, à New York)

Assaulted taxi driver in coma found with money in his pockets

MONTREAL
Assaulted taxi driver in coma found with money in his pockets

Police search for four suspects. After dropping off customer in St. Laurent,
three men hit cabbie’s head and face

MIKE KING, DANIELLE ADAMS contributed to this report
The Gazette

August 18, 2004

Police are still searching for four suspects wanted in connection with
the severe beating of a taxi driver in north-end Montreal Monday
evening.
Garo Tachijian, a veteran of more than 20 years with the Champlain cab
company, remains in a coma as a result of his head injuries.
But according to Montreal police Constable Miguel Alston, Tachijian’s life
isn’t in danger and his condition is considered stable.
Money was still in Tachijian’s pockets when he was found at the back of an
isolated building on Place Henri Bourassa in Cartierville, so police are
treating the incident as an armed assault rather than armed robbery.
Alston said the motive for the vicious attack remains unknown.
A nephew who answered the phone at the family residence refused to comment.
A young woman age 16 to 18 years old whom Tachijian picked up as a fare is
one of the suspects.
She had him take her to the Cartierville address, possibly from somewhere
around St. Laurent, and apparently asked him to get her purse from his trunk
once they arrived.
Investigators say it was then that three men in their early 20s jumped
Tachijian and began hitting him on the head and in the face with a blunt
object.
All four are said to have fled the scene in a Chrysler van.
“These things happen often,” said Antonio Perez, a fellow Champlain taxi
driver who has driven a cab in Montreal for 24 years. Perez said he has
heard of many cabbies who have been robbed and assaulted over the years.
A few years ago, Perez recalled, one of his fares jabbed a revolver into his
ribs and demanded whatever cash the cabbie could hand over.
“I was very afraid. I thought right away that I would die. I thought of my
children,” he said.
The robber just grabbed the money and Perez’s car keys, and took off.
It was only when Perez got to a phone to call police that he realized he was
bleeding. The barrel of the gun had been shoved into his ribs so hard that
it broke the skin.
Perez said, however, that he feels lucky having had only one such incident
in 24 years.
Richard Leblanc of the city’s taxi bureau said there have been 16 armed
robberies of taxi drivers so far this year.
He noted that is down from the corresponding period the past two years – 22
in the first six months of 2003 and 21 during the first half of 2002.
Comparatively, the number of armed robberies of Montreal depanneurs the
first six months of the past three years were 327, 350 and 262 respectively.
Leblanc reminded taxi drivers that they can refuse fares if they feel
threatened or are asked to take someone to an isolated area like an
industrial park late at night – when most assaults occur.
He said cabbies should trust their instincts and act accordingly.

From: Emil Lazarian | Ararat NewsPress

Lavrov on NK, Caspian & Iraq settlement

RIA Novosti, Russia
Aug 18 2004

LAVROV ON NAGORNY KARABAKH, CASPIAN AND IRAQ SETTLEMENT

MOSCOW, August 18 (RIA Novosti) – The settlement of the Nagorny
Karabakh issue is possible only through agreements between Armenia
and Azerbaijan, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov told
journalists after talks with Azeri Foreign Minister Elmar Mamedyarov.

“Russia is interested in the resolution of the Nagorny Karabakh
problem. The conflict can be settled only on the basis of the sides’
agreements,” Mr. Lavrov said.

He noted that Russia is ready to contribute to the negotiating
process both as “a co-chair of the OSCE Minsk Group and as a friend
and partner.”

“We are satisfied with the fact that the negotiating process was
resumed early last year,” Mr. Lavrov said.

“We hope that the working group on the Caspian will work out
acceptable decisions on the Caspian status at its regular meeting, to
take place in Moscow,” the minister told journalists.

He noted that these decisions would be in the field of international
law.

In his turn, Mr. Mamedyarov stressed that “the diplomatic resource
must be intensified.” He also expressed confidence that “points of
contact will be found to reach a final decision in determining the
Caspian status.”

Russo-Azeri relations have been developing actively, Sergei Lavrov
said after talks with Elmar Mamedyarov.

“We discussed a wide range of bilateral relations, regional and
Caspian cooperation, the Nagorny Karabakh settlement and
international cooperation. We agreed on a number of issues called
upon to remove the existing problems,” he said.

On his part, Mr. Mamedyarov said that Azerbaijan regards relations
with Russia as strategic partnership.

Russia speaks for involvement of all forces in Iraq, including the
opposition, in the creation of national structural bodies, he said
after the talks with his Azeri counterpart.

“Developments in Iraq cause concern. In the framework of UN
resolution 1546, the key issue is creation of national structural
bodies on the basis of involvementof all political forces, including
oppositional. This idea underlies our approach to settlement,” he
said.

“Convocation of all Iraqi forces may serve as a core for boosting the
process of overcoming the crisis with involvement of the UN Security
Council,” the minister said.

“Activation of this mechanism could become an important impetus for
all countries to help Iraqis,” Mr. Lavrov said.

From: Emil Lazarian | Ararat NewsPress

Chess: Anastasian and Gleizerov emerge as joint leaders after third

Gulf News, United Arab Emirates
Aug 18 2004

Anastasian and Gleizerov emerge as joint leaders after third round

By A Staff Reporter

Abu Dhabi : Grandmasters Ashot Anastasian of Armenia and Evgeny
Gleizerov of Russia emerged as joint leaders with a score of 3 points
after the third round of the Masters’ Championship at the Abu Dhabi
Chess Festival.

Bocharov (left) and Kobalia during their third round match. ©Gulf
News
Grandmaster P Harikrishna of India scored an emphatic victory over GM
Safin Shukhrat of Uzbekistan to move into joint third spot in the
$16,000 tournament being played under FIDE’s swiss rules.

With six rounds still remaining in this 56-player event, six players
– GMs Dmitry Bocharov, Mikhail Kobalia (both Russia), Artashes
Minasian (Armenia), Marat Dzhumaev (Uzbekistan), Ghaem Maghami Ehsan
(Iran) and Harikrishna are half a point adrift with 2.5 points each.

A pack of 11 players, including top seed GM Evegeny Vladimirov of
Kazakhstan and GM Tejas Bakre, share the ninth spot with 2 points
apiece.

Harikrishna is known for his technical skills in the endgame and yet
again his strong point came to fore against Shukhrat who always
thought he was within striking distance of achieving a drawn
position.

Playing the white side of a Nimzo Indian, Harikrishna opted for the
Capablanca variation and went for a long game. Shukhrat fought quite
well in the first time control and it looked as though he would
survive White’s well-conceived onslaught on both flanks.

But once Harikrishna opened the position completely, even trading of
pawns at regular intervals failed to deliver the goods for the Uzbek.

Newly appointed amb. of Germany handed over her credentials to Prez

ArmenPress
Aug 18 2004

NEWLY APPOINTED AMBASSADOR OF GERMANY HANDED OVER HER CREDENTIALS TO
PRESIDENT KOCHARIAN

YEREVAN, AUGUST 18, ARMENPRESS: Newly appointed ambassador of
Germany to Armenia Mrs. Haikei Renatei Paichi handed over her
credentials to president Kocharian today. According to president
press services, the sides praised the present level of
Armenian-German relations noting that they are developing rather
dynamically especially in recent times. The newly appointed
ambassador voiced her belief that bilateral relations will further
develop. She conveyed friendly greetings of German president Horst
Kohler to president Kocharian.
Congratulating the ambassador, Robert Kocharian said that Armenia
attaches special importance to partnership with Germany. The
president of the republic assessed highly the assistance of German
government to reforms in Armenia. Economic ties play special place in
bilateral relations, according to the president. He praised relations
especially in energy and financial-technical fields.
Both sides attached importance to cooperation between different
regions of Armenia and Germany.

Are there really 20,000 Armenians in Azerbaijan?

ArmenPress
Aug 18 2004

ARE THERE REALLY 20,000 ARMENIANS IN AZERBAIJAN?

BAKU, AUGUST 18, ARMENPRESS: Azeri state statistics committee
chairman Arif Veliev told a news conference in Baku that as of July
1, 2004 8 mln 300,000 people live in the republic. He said that
according to 1999 census, 657 Armenians live in Azerbaijan. However,
according to him, the real number is much higher totaling about
20,000. Arif Veliev said that during the census, according to UN
requirement, no documents were asked proving national identity.

Haik Student Crossroad hosts 200 Armenian youth throughout the world

ArmenPress
Aug 18 2004

HAIK STUDENT CROSSROAD HOSTS 200 ARMENIAN YOUTH THROUGHOUT THE WORLD

YEREVAN, AUGUST 18, ARMENPRESS: Student council of Yerevan
Architectural Institute (YAI) holds Haik Student Crossroad, a big
event in Sevan, Hankavan and Meghrazor on August 19-28 with the
participation of more than 200 young Armenians from Armenia and
Diaspora as well as Youth Movement of Armenian Apostolic Church. Some
two dozens of teams will be named after different historic regions of
Armenia.
YAI student council Hayk Akarmazian said that this a
de-politicized action. During the event, discussions will be held on
statehood, religion, student self-government bodies. Pro-government,
opposition and spiritual actors will visit the students. Also sports
and intellectual competitions will be held.
The budget of the project totals 4 mln 600,000 dram, 2 mln 400,000
of which is provided by All Armenain Youth Fund and the rest by YAI
and Arartian Diocese of Armenian Apostolic Church.

Russian minister pledges help in Karabakh settlement

Russian minister pledges help in Karabakh settlement

ITAR-TASS news agency
18 Aug 04

Moscow, 18 August, ITAR-TASS correspondents Natalya Lenskaya and Irina
Chumakova: Russia supports Azerbaijan’s territorial integrity, Russian
Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said today following talks with his
Azerbaijani counterpart Elmar Mammadyarov. The Russian minister said
that Moscow “is ready to do its utmost to help settle the Nagornyy
Karabakh conflict both as a co-chair of the OSCE Minsk Group and also
as a nation”.

“Moscow is interested in finding a settlement to the conflict on the
basis of all the existing agreements. But only the sides themselves
can resolve the conflict and they can do so only through
negotiations,” the Russian minister said. “We cannot make a decision
for the sides, if they cannot come to an agreement themselves,” Lavrov
noted.

He expressed satisfaction with the resumption of talks late last year.

“We believe that the negotiations will be continued because what the
Minsk Group has done so far does not cover all the accumulated
problems,” the minister noted.

Armenia visit a learning experience for Kansas visitors and hosts

Armenia visit a learning experience for Kansas visitors and hosts
By Stephen D. Larson
Plains Guardian (July)

When Maj. Gen. (KS) Tod Bunting, Kansas adjutant general, visited Armenia in
May 2004 with members of the Kansas National Guard, one of the first things
that impressed him was an unusual mixture of ancient and recent history.

“The thing that comes to mind when I think of Armenia is that they’ve been a
country for over 3,000 years,” said Bunting, “but they’ve only been free for
13 of the last 100 some years.”

Armenia has been a nation since the Kingdom of Urartu in the 9th century
B.C., but after enduring centuries of conquerors – Persians, Romans, Arabs,
Mongols, Turks, Communists – it did not regain its independence until the
collapse of the Soviet Union.

“We’re actually a fledgling country by world standards,” said Bunting, “but
in terms of total years living free, we’re senior in that department.”

It is that heritage of freedom that the Kansas National Guard hopes to share
with Armenia through the State Partnership Program. Through this program,
developing nations are paired with one of the States to foster military-to
military, military-to-civilian and civilian-to-civilian relationships.
Kansas became partners with Armenia in 2003. Accompanying Bunting on the
trip were Col. Joe Wheeler, Kansas Army National Guard Plans, Operations and
Training (DPOT) officer; Lt. Col. Charles Brown, training administrator,
DPOT, Lt. Col. Joe Knowles, Kansas coordinator of the State Partnership
Program; and Command Sgt. Maj. Dale Putman, Joint Forces Headquarters Kansas
– Land Component sergeant major.

“This was a military to military exchange,” said Knowles. “This was a chance
for us to go meet their senior military officers, develop a relationship and
determine what we can do for each other, what their needs were.”

“We had individual meetings with their minister of defense, their military
officers, emergency management and their medical personnel,” Knowles said.

“We discussed a variety of possibilities,” said Wheeler. “They wanted to do
exchanges on emergency management. We talked about leadership development,
visits by Armenian military leaders, civic leader exchanges, small unit
exchanges, social support exchanges, such as military medicine and hospital
administration.”

The Kansas Guardsmen wanted to dispel any ideas that the Kansas National
Guard was going to be the “teacher” in this partnership.

“We fully expect to learn a lot from them,” said Bunting. “Their soldiers
are well-trained. They’re not a very big country, they’re surrounded by
countries that they don’t get along with so military training and readiness
is important to them.”

While Wheeler said that the Kansas National Guard will be learning from the
Armenians, he added that the Armenians expressed a great deal of interest in
the way the U.S. military works, too, particularly the National Guard system
and non-commissioned officers (NCO).

Because the Armenians do not have a national guard, the concepts of
“Citizen-Soldier” and civilian control of the military were particularly
fascinating to the Armenians.

“They really wanted to know about two things,” said Wheeler, “how the
National Guard operates and about the NCO corps. The whole concept of
National Guard and ready reserves is strange to them.”

“Like most of the former Soviet nations, they never have worked around an
NCO corps. It’s basically conscripts and officers,” said Bunting. “They
don’t have a national guard, so they don’t gain the benefit of keeping those
(experienced) soldiers around for a contingency in any kind of capacity.”

As a noncommissioned officer and a traditional Guardsman who works as a
utility lineman for Westar Energy during the week, Putnam found himself the
object of particular interest.

“They don’t have NCOs like we know them,” said Putman. The Armenians asked
him about his responsibilities and Putman explained to them how officers do
the planning and NCOs see that the work gets done.

“What we use NCOs for, they use their young lieutenants and officers,” said
Putman.

“We got to visit their training academy,” Putman continued. “I got a chance
to go talk with some of their soldiers and they were impressed that an NCO
would come over to talk to them.”

“Even more than their military, the Armenian public was just fascinated by
this notion,” said Bunting. “We had a press conference in Armenia and made a
particular effort to introduce him (Putman) with a longer introduction
because they could not conceive how he could be a Soldier and a utility
worker for the power company.”

“The kept asking me ‘When did you have to choose between being a Soldier and
a utility worker’,” Putnam said. “It took them a while to understand that I
didn’t have to choose, that I could be both.”

“They asked me how I got paid,” he continued. “I explained that the military
paid me and Westar also paid me. When they found out I got a retirement from
the military, that really astounded them.”

In Armenia, every man must serve in the military for a minimum of three
years, after which they can become an officer, the only way to make a career
of the military in Armenia. Putman’s long service record of nearly 40 years
– he entered the Kansas Army National Guard in August 1964 – amazed and
puzzled them.

“Another question they kept asking him was ‘You’ve been in 39 years. How
come you haven’t been made an officer?'” said Bunting. “They couldn’t
understand that he didn’t want to be an officer nor did he have to be an
officer to have major responsibilities.”

The trip, which took place during the Memorial Day week, brought home
another interesting concept for the Armenians.

“They were very intrigued with Memorial Day,” Bunting said. “They believe
very strongly in their armed forces and yet they do not have a day when they
celebrate their armed forces and especially those who made the ultimate
sacrifice.”

Although this initial trip was a military-to-military meeting, the
delegation still had time to meet some of the Armenian public and see a
little of the country. They unanimously found the Armenians to be a very
gracious, hospitable and proud people.

“Armenians are very proud that they were the first country to adopt
Christianity,” said Bunting. “That’s going to come up in the first four
sentences you have with an Armenian.”

“They took us to a church way back in a remote region carved out of a
mountain,” he continued. “It was centuries old.”

“They liked to point out that they were older than the Vatican,” said
Wheeler.

Coupled with that sense of historic pride is a sense of standing alone,
Bunting noted.

“They’re surrounded by Muslim nations,” said Bunting, adding that throughout
its history, the Armenians have viewed themselves as the frontier outpost of
Christendom.

Another somewhat unusual point of pride for the Armenians is a former Kansas
Senator and presidential candidate.

“Another person they are proud of is Bob Dole,” said Putman. “When Bob Dole
was injured during World War II, it was an Armenian doctor that treated
him.”

The land itself was also a delight for the visitors.

“I thought it was a beautiful country,” said Wheeler. “It has a lot of
mountains, waterfalls, canyons, a very volcanic area with lots of rocks.”

The group had the good fortune to be in the country during a national
holiday, which gave them the opportunity to sample a lot of the local
cuisine.

“All the people from each local farming community had a table with whatever
they grew,” said Putman. “There must have been 30 or 40 tables from
different farm communities passing out free samples. There was lamb and
sheep, fish, geese and duck. Not much beef. The fruits and vegetables were
really outstanding. They’re also very proud of their wines and beverages.”

“They even had a bread that they rolled out from wheat or rye,” said Putman.
“It was sort of like a soft shell taco and you put meat or whatever inside.
There was one table that had a honeycomb. They’d just cut out a hunk of
honey, comb and all, and give it to you that way.”

Although this was Bunting’s first trip to Armenia, he said it certainly
wouldn’t be the last for himself or the Kansas National Guard.

“People need to understand that this is a long-term relationship,” said
Bunting. “We hope that everyone in the Kansas Guard will have the occasion
to at least meet them as they visit and work along side them.”

As one step toward that goal, a small contingent of Armenian military
officers were at Fort Riley in July, observing the Kansas Army National
Guard’s 137th Transportation Company.

“They’re learning about our transportation techniques and tactics,”
explained Wheeler. “They don’t have anything like the PLS (Palletized
Loading System).”

Another group of Armenians will make a trip to Kansas in August, visiting
U.S. Army and Kansas Guard facilities and sampling some Kansas hospitality.

As movie legend Humphrey Bogart said at the end of the classic film
“Casablanca”: “Louie, I think this is the beginning of a beautiful
friendship.”

Caption: Maj. Gen. (KS) Tod Bunting, the adjutant general (right), displays
the Kansas flag with Maj. Artak Tonoyan, commander of the Armenian
Peacekeeping Battalion. Bunting presented the flag to Tonoyan during a visit
to Armenia in May. (Photo by Col. Joe Wheeler)

Caption: The Kansas delegation had the opportunity to visit an Armenian
troop training facility, where Command Sgt. Maj. Dale Putman’s status as a
traditional Citizen-Soldier made him an instant celebrity among the Armenian
troops, who have no NCO corps. (Photo by Col. Joe Wheeler)

Caption: Maj. Gen. (KS) Tod Bunting listens as an Armenian monk relates the
long history of Christianity in Armenia. Armenia is credited with becoming
the first country to become a Christian nation, converting in 303 A.D.
(Photo by Lt. Col. Joe Wheeler)

Fine to be Imposed for Damage Caused to Green Zones of Capital

FINE TO BE IMPOSED FOR DAMAGE CAUSED TO GREEN ZONES OF CAPITAL FROM
NOW ON

YEREVAN, August 16 (Noyan Tapan). From now on the Mayor’s Office or
the communal administrations will turn to the judicial instances on
each case of illegal tree felling or damage caused to the green zones
of the capital with a demand on compensation. Grigor Melkumian, senior
adviser of the Yerevan Mayor’s Office, said during the August 16 press
conference that the Licensing Expert Commission will determine the
amount of the damage. It was mentioned that 5-6 similar cases are
being examined now.