The air force will prevent terrorist attacks

Agency WPS
DEFENSE and SECURITY (Russia)
September 3, 2004, Friday

THE AIR FORCE WILL PREVENT TERRORIST ATTACKS

General of the Army Vladimir Mikhailov, Commander-in-Chief of the
Air Force, stated on Wednesday: “If terrorists skyjacked a jetliner
and tried to attack an important object we would make every effort
to stop this jetliner.”

The general said: “This requires a strong-willed decision.” He said
that issues linked with air terrorism are discussed by representatives
of the Air and Anti-Aircraft Force of the CIS. He noted: “We discuss
this problem at a meeting of the coordinating committee today. The
main task is to prevent such crimes.”

Representatives of the Armenian, Belarusian , Georgian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz,
Russian, Tajik, Turkmen, Uzbek and Ukrainian Air and Anti-Aircraft
Forces participate in the meeting.

Source: Interfax, September 1, 2004

The strength is in the truth

Agency WPS
DEFENSE and SECURITY (Russia)
September 3, 2004, Friday

THE STRENGTH IS IN THE TRUTH

SOURCE: Krasnaya Zvezda, August 31, 2004, p. 3

by Oleg Gorupai

The United Army Group of the Russian and Armenian Armed Forces ran a
tactical exercise at the testing site of the Training Center of the
Armenian Defense Ministry named after marshal of the Soviet Union
Bagramjan. The exercise included shooting practice elements. Armenia
was represented by servicemen of the 549th Separate Motorized
Infantry Regiment (Commander – Colonel Vaan Arsenjan), 523rd Separate
Armored Battalion, multiple rocker launcher battery of BM-21s, two
reconnaissance groups, company of sappers, special platoon, two SU-25
ground-attack aircraft, four MI-24 helicopters, and two MI-8
transport helicopters. Russia was represented by servicemen of the
123rd Motorized Infantry Regiment (Commander – Colonel Sergei
Khmelevsky), artillery brigade of 2S1 complexes (Gvozdika), artillery
battery of D-30s, multiple rocker launcher battery of BM-21s, and two
MIG-29s of the 102nd Military Base of the Russian Army Group in the
Caucasus quartered in Armenia. Combat organization and cooperation
was drilled. The exercise was commanded by Lieutenant General Mikhail
Grigorjan, Defense Minister of Armenia and United Army Group
Commander. Almost 3,000 servicemen were involved.

According to the legend, the enemy attacked in the Gyumri and
Kirovakan directions. Servicemen involved in the exercise were
expected to practice defensive action, counterattack, extermination
of the advanced units of the enemy, and attack back to the state
border.

Russian Ambassador to Armenia Anatoly Dryukov said shortly before the
exercise that it was not aimed against any third country but was
needed to practice defense action only. The statement was made
because of the speculations in newspapers that Russia was flexing its
muscles in the Caucasus, that all of the following were links in one
chain – deterioration of the military-political situation in Georgia,
command exercise of the Nagorno-Karabakh army, and tactical exercise
in Armenia. Defense Minister of Armenia Serzh Sarkisjan also
denounced the assumption. He said that it was a planned exercise, run
for the ninth time in approximately one and the same time of the
year, and pursuing no political motives. Sarkisjan said that the
tenth exercise of the series would take place next year and that
serious means and forces would be deployed in it to celebrate the
jubilee.

The strength of the Russian-Armenian cooperation is in the truth, not
in money. There is no need to corroborate the statement. At every
exercise run by the United Army Group, officers of foreign armies,
political scientists, and journalists have access to all information
that may interest them. It is possible nowadays to find in the media
all relevant information on the Armed Forces of Armenia, composition
of the Russian-Armenian United Army Group, volume and size of the
military aid Russia sends to its strategic partner. It is common
knowledge that the Armenian national army is up to 40,000 men strong,
and that about 300,000 men comprise the mobilizational resources.

Summing up the exercise, Sarkisjan said that all tasks were
performed. Alexander Studenikin, Commander of the Russian Army Group
in the Caucasus, is of the same opinion. He is convinced that units
and formations of the United Army Group can properly operate in the
hostilities.

Translated by A. Ignatkin

Cost of the matter

Agency WPS
DEFENSE and SECURITY (Russia)
September 3, 2004, Friday

COST OF THE MATTER

SOURCE: Kommersant, August 31, 2004, p. 9

by Gennadi Sysoev

VLADIMIR PUTIN’S MEETING WITH RAOUL KHADZHIMBA: MOSCOW INDICATES THAT
IT CONSIDERS ABKHAZIA A ZONE OF ITS SPECIAL INTERESTS

No matter what official announcements may claim, President Vladimir
Putin did not meet with prime minister of Abkhazia and candidate for
president to discuss social position of veterans of World War II. The
meeting was instantly interpreted as Moscow’s support of Khadzhimba
running for president. The reasoning is simple: Abkhazia is a small
republic, the news that the premier met with the president of Russia
will spread immediately, and the population will know who to vote for
on October 3.

All of that is undeniably so. There is, however, more to the meeting
than meets the eye. Organizing it, official Moscow indicates that it
considers at least Abkhazia a zone of its special interest.

The road connecting Russia with Armenia, its major ally in the
Caucasus, runs through Abkhazia. Not far from Gudauta (Abkhazia)
there is the strategic airfield which specialists call unique:
aircraft taking off there are practically invisible to NATO radars in
Turkey. Krasnaya Polyana, the southern residence of the Russian
president is in Abkhazia, not far from the Psou River. Abkhazian
leaders regularly remind the Kremlin that if Tbilisi takes over, NATO
will immediately install its ELINT station on the Psou. Last but not
the least, there are financial considerations as well. Russia bought
a great deal of property in Abkhazia in the last several years, and
Georgian politicians’ statements on a redistribution of property in
Abkhazia make Moscow wary.

There is even more. Moscow needs to retain its clout with Georgia
because along with its strategic partnership with Armenia it will
ensure its clout with the Caucasus in general. And the Kremlin hopes
to retain its clout with Georgia through control over Abkhazia.

Formally, Moscow is unlikely to dispute territorial integrity of
Georgia, the country Abkhazia is officially a part of. That is why
Abkhazia is not going to become a part of Russia. Still, it is not
necessary. Sufficient that practically all population of Abkhazia are
citizens of Russia. From Moscow’s point of view, it permits it to
take care of Abkhazia.

Georgia may refuse to put up with it and even return to drawing
parallels between Abkhazia and Chechnya. Or may ask what its Defense
Minister Georgy Baramidze asked: why is it all right for Russia to
defend its borders but when Georgia is going the same thing it is
called aggression? Moscow has an answer to that: there are no
citizens of Georgia in Chechnya, and Abkhazians do not blow up
Georgian planes.

From: Emil Lazarian | Ararat NewsPress

Tennis: Olympic gold medallist Massu eliminated by Sargsian inhistor

Olympic gold medallist Massu eliminated in historic marathon
by Greg Heakes

Agence France Presse — English
September 3, 2004 Friday 3:30 AM GMT

NEW YORK Sept 2 — Olympic double gold medallist Nicolas Massu was
eliminated from the US Open on Thursday in a historic five-set marathon
with Sargis Sargsian of Armenia.

Sargsian fired 20 aces and won 184 of 337 points to beat Massu 6-7
(6/8), 6-4, 3-6, 7-6 (8/6), 6-4.

The match lasted five hours, nine minutes and is second longest on
record behind the 1992 men’s semi-final where Stefan Edberg beat
Michael Chang in five hours and 26 minutes.

The previous second-longest match was also in 1992 when Ivan Lendl
beat Boris Becker in five hours, one minute in the round of 16.

“So many things happened in that match,” Sargsian said. “It is just
amazing to come through.

“I wouldn’t put it on top of my list but it is in the top three. Now
I am just go to take my vitamins, get a massage and pray for rain.”

He has one day to rest before his third round match against France’s
Paul-Henri Mathieu.

Sargsian won the war of attrition but he paid for it as after four
hours on the court both players started to suffer from leg cramps.

“I couldn’t feel my legs,” Sargsian said of the end of the match.

Sargsian’s family and friends would have had to stay up to 4 a.m.
Armenian time to watch the entire match.

Massu came into the US Open after the best week of his career, having
won gold medals in singles and doubles at the Athens Games.

The Chilean lost his composure on several occasions, breaking his
racket in the first set.

He argued several times with chair umpire, Carlos Ramos, and vowed
to never play in front of Ramos again.

“I lost because of my mistake. But this umpire have not to umpire
anymore,” Massu said. “He is unbelievable. He is never going to umpire
me again.”

New U.S. ambassador takes over in Kazakhstan

New U.S. ambassador takes over in Kazakhstan

Associated Press Worldstream
September 3, 2004 Friday 6:55 AM Eastern Time

ALMATY, Kazakhstan — A new U.S. ambassador has arrived in Kazakhstan
and assumed duties in the oil-rich Central Asian nation, the
U.S. Embassy said Friday.

John M. Ordway arrived Thursday in the Kazakh commercial center,
Almaty, where the U.S. Embassy is located, it said in a statement.

Ordway, a career diplomat, previously headed the U.S. diplomatic
mission in Armenia. He also served at the U.S. embassies in Russia
and Poland, and at the U.S. mission to NATO in Brussels, the statement
said.

Kazakhstan, a former Soviet republic the size of Western Europe,
is Central Asia’s most economically developed nation.

It is the only country in the region that is contributing a military
contingent to the international force in Iraq.

From: Emil Lazarian | Ararat NewsPress

Iraq multinational force will remain at current strength at leastunt

Iraq multinational force will remain at current strength at least until after 2005 elections

Associated Press Worldstream
September 3, 2004 Friday

WARSAW, Poland — The Polish-led multinational force in Iraq will
remain at its current strength of 6,500 until at least after national
elections planned there in January, member nations agreed at a
conference in Warsaw, an official said Friday.

The agreement came as military representatives from the 16 nations that
contribute troops to the force responsible for an area in south-central
Iraq wound up two days of talks on the future composition of the
contingent, said Col. Zdzislaw Gnatowski, a spokesman for Poland’s
army chief of staff.

“All contributor nations pledged at the conference to keep their
contingents at the current level until the elections,” he said.

Poland and Ukraine, whose forces make up nearly half of the
international contingent, have said they will likely scale back their
involvement following the elections, which they expect will have a
stabilizing effect on Iraq.

At the conference, delegates from Armenia said their country would
also begin contributing troops to the multinational force, with a
contingent of 50 soldiers to start in January, Gnatowski said.

Gnatowski also said plans are underway to move the force’s
headquarters from the archaeological site of Babylon, and to hand over
responsibility of the neighboring Karbala province to Iraqi forces.

No cuts seen in Iraq multinational force at least through 2005 elect

No cuts seen in Iraq multinational force at least through 2005 election
by MONIKA SCISLOWSKA; Associated Press Writer

Associated Press Worldstream
September 3, 2004 Friday

WARSAW, Poland — The Polish-led multinational force in Iraq will
remain at its current strength of 6,500 at least through elections
planned for January, member nations agreed Friday.

Military officials from the 16 nations also declared a readiness to
“continue the mission on the level of 2004” after January, Gen.
Mieczyslaw Cieniuch, the Polish army deputy chief of staff, said
after a two-day meeting of troop contributors in Warsaw.

“All nations participating so far in the Polish-led force have
confirmed their willingness to continue in it until the Iraqi elections
– at least through January,” he told reporters.

It wasn’t immediately clear if the announcement signaled a reversal of
plans by the Polish government, which has said it plans to cut troop
numbers from 2,400 to between 1,000 and 1,500 in its next rotation,
set for January.

But leaders gave other indications Friday that they might keep Polish
troop levels at 2,400 beyond January.

Prime Minister Marek Belka told Polish radio he is considering a
“dramatically worded” letter from the Iraqi interim Prime Minister
Ayad Allawi asking Poland not to pull out or reduce its troop presence
in January because of the continuing violence in Iraq.

Defense Minister Jerzy Szmajdzinski said in an interview published
Friday in the Trybuna daily that the Polish contingent’s size will
“depend on the situation in Iraq.”

At the conference, Armenia said it would start contributing troops
to the multinational force, with a contingent of 50 soldiers, Polish
army spokesman Col. Zdzislaw Gnatowski said.

The Armenian contribution will include a transport unit with drivers
and a maintenance team, sappers and three doctors, Cieniuch said.

Cieniuch also said Poland plans to move the force’s headquarters away
from the archaeological site of Babylon and to hand over responsibility
of the neighboring Karbala province to U.S. forces before the end
of January.

The Caucasus mountains, a turbulent crossroads

The Caucasus mountains, a turbulent crossroads

Agence France Presse — English
September 3, 2004 Friday 3:54 PM GMT

MOSCOW Sept 3 — The Caucasus, scene of a dramatic hostage crisis
that ended Friday with more than 100 dead, is the turbulent home to
scores of ethnic and religious groupings prone to regular outbreaks
of violence.

The mountainous region, roughly the size of California, forms a
natural crossroads between east and west, north and south and currently
comprises three newly independent states — Armenia, Azerbaijan and
Georgia — along with part of the regional superpower, Russia.

The seven Russian republics in the region are themselves highly
diverse, including strife-torn Chechnya, Dagestan, Ingushetia, North
Ossetia, Karachai-Cherkessia, Adygeya and Kabardino-Balkaria.

Dagestan alone, wedged between the Caspian Sea and Chechnya, is
inhabited by 30 nationalities, each with its own language and customs.

Many of the region’s languages are of Indo-European or Turkic origin,
others are indigenous.

Islam is well-established in the Caucasus, notably in Azerbaijan and
several of the Russian republics, but Orthodox Christianity in its
Russian, Georgian and Armenian variants is also widespread.

Its key position made the Caucasus a target for regional empires
including those of the Ottomans and Persia.

More recently the Russians have dominated the region, and many of the
conflicts of the past decade have been exacerbated by administrative
demarcations decided during the Soviet era and the wholesale
deportations ordered by Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin during World
War II.

Nationalist sentiment among the rugged, fiercely independent mountain
peoples was never entirely extinguished, and aspirations to self-rule
contributed significantly to the break-up of the Soviet Union.

The first out-and-out conflict erupted in the late 1980s between
Armenians and Azeris scrapping over the remote enclave of Nagorno
Karabakh, administratively part of Azerbaijan but inhabited mainly
by Armenians.

That conflict, like others that have broken out subsequently, has
still not been resolved.

In 1992, in the months following the dissolution of the Soviet Union,
South Ossetia, part of Georgia, fought a brief war with government
forces to claim independence from Tbilisi, while Christian North
Ossetia, part of Russia, battled with Muslim Ingushetia over a
territorial claim.

The same year, Georgia’s western Abkhazia region — with suspected
Russian support — fought a year-long separatist war that won de
facto independence at a cost of thousands of dead and a ruined economy.

In December 1994 Russian president Boris Yeltsin poured troops into
Chechnya to put down a separatist insurgency headed by Dzhokhar
Dudayev. Less than two years later he was forced to withdraw the
troops, leaving rebel leaders in control.

Chechnya’s de facto independence, marked by chaos and warlordism,
lasted less than three years as an incursion by rebels from Chechnya
into Dagestan triggered a further invasion by Russian troops, ordered
this time by Yeltsin’s prime minister and heir apparent Vladimir Putin.

Putin has made frequent claims since then to have stabilised the
situation in Chechnya, usually finding them belied by events.

The Caucasus region, particularly its Russian republics, are also
dogged by lawlessness despite — some say because of — the presence of
Russian troops, with oil-trafficking, clan warfare and hostage-taking
rampant.

ARKA News Agency – 09/03/2004

ON SEPTEMBER 5 THE RA PRESIDENT TO LEAVE FOR POLAND WITH AN OFFICIAL VISIT

ARKA News Agency
Sept 3 2004

On September 5 the President of Armenia Robert Kocharyan will
leave for Poland with an official visit by the invitation of Polish
President Aleksander Kwasniewski. According to the RA President’s
Press Service Department, meetings with the President of Poland,
the Leadership of Sejm and Senate as well as the Prime Minister of
Poland are planned within the framework of the visit. Also, Bilateral
agreements on military cooperation and joint fight against organized
crime as well as a memorandum on cooperation between the Union of SME
of Poland and the RA Ministry of Trade and Economic Development are
to be signed. The main goal of the visit of the Polish delegation
to Armenia, which will last till September 7, is to stimulate the
development of intergovernmental relations, define the priority
directions and tasks for the economic cooperation between the two
countries, as well as exchange opinions regarding the most actual
goals of an international interest.

The diplomatic relations between Armenia and Poland have been
established since Feb 26, 1992. In 1998 an Armenian Embassy was
opened in Warsaw, and the Polish Embassy in Armenia – on Jan 27,
2001. The first visit of the RA President Robert Kocharyan to Poland
took place on July 13-15, 1999. The visit of the Polish President
Aleksander Kwasniewski to Armenia took place on November 14-16, 2001.

According to RA National Statistics Service, the trade turnover
between Armenia and Poland in Jan-July 2004 made $2068,6 thsd. versus
$2042 thsd during the analogous period of 2003. At that, the volume of
export made $28,1 thsd. for the first 7 months of 2004 (in 2003 -$129,5
thsd.), and import -$2040,5 thsd. (in 2003-$1912,5 thsd.). A.H.–0–

Azg Armenian Daily – 09/03/2004

Azg Armenian Daily
Sept 3 2004

ARMENIANS PERSECUTED IN IRAQ

IRAN’S PRESIDENT TO VISIT ARMENIA

ARKADY GHUKASIAN TO MEET ILHAM ALIYEV

“ARMENIA AGREED TO RETURN SIX REGIONS, EXCEPT SHUSHI AND LACHINE, IN
FEBRUARY, 1994” MAMEDRAFI MAMEDOV. “THE STRONGEST WINS THE WAR”

OPPOSITION TO BEGIN NO ARMED REVOLUTION

ART OF LABOUR

ASILVA’S WORLD OF CLEAR LINES AND COLORS

ASYLUM LEVELS AND TRENDS IN INDUSTRIALISED COUNTRIES

*********************************************************************

ARMENIANS PERSECUTED IN IRAQ

Gevorg Khurbanian Threatened to Be Killed in Case of Working for
Americans

Basra is the second Iraqi city with major Armenian population after
Baghdad. The Iraqi Armenians who managed to flee to their motherland
tell that last week terrorists attacked the house of an Armenian,
murdered him, wounded his wife and robbed his house. And if there are
still Armenian families in Baghdad then there is hardly one in Basra.

It has been 3 months since Gevorg Khurbanian-Fahradian together with
his wife Zabel Martirosian and 4 children lives in Yerevan.

“My 20-year-old boy was on the edge of death 7 months ago. He was on
his way to buy bread when 3 masked people assaulted demanding money.
He suffered from his nerves for one month after this. Thanks to God
he was not killed. We could but leave the country”, says Gevorg
beginning his story of Iraqi Armenians. Some days ago Gevorg’s
brother who is still in Baghdad called him telling that their
district was bombarded and only miraculously his house were saved.
The brother himself cannot leave Iraq, as he owns several houses and
can’t simply leave his possession for safety.

Gevorg says that there are also many poor people unable to leave Iraq
who have to live day by day with a fear in their hearts. He mentions
about Armenian organizations of America and Syria that regularly send
humanitarian aid to their compatriots.

“One cannot get out of the house after 7 p.m. if anyone is ill he is
destined to die as you cannot take him to hospital. Abduction is also
in full swing, and I am glad that my children are in safety in
Armenia”, Gevorg explains. But the cost of safety was to be high:
Gevorg’s family lives in a hired flat, which is paid by relatives
from abroad, they could find no job in the motherland no matter how
hard they tried and the future looms very dimly.

In Baghdad Gevorg used to be a manager in Italian and Holland
companies, had a high salary reaching 1300-1800 dollars. Armenians
were always treated well in Iraq but the war changed Iraqis attitude
to all Christians including Armenians.

Christians are outcasts in Iraq especially after the recent attacks
on churches. Many flee from the country. Iraqi terrorists threaten
Armenians and forbid working for the Americans. Gevorg himself was
threatened, and two others, Armenian and Assyrian, were killed for
not obeying.

The long-awaited motherland didn’t greet them with outstretched arms,
but instead they often hear from compatriots discouraging words.

The Iraqi Armenians are perplexed at many things. For instance, they
don’t understand how can someone’s age hinder finding a job and that
a policeman demands money for selling fruits and vegetables on the
street. “You will never see such a thing in Baghdad. Armenian
specialists were better off than Arabs themselves. But there is no
job there either”, says Gevorg.

There were 20 thousand Armenians in Baghdad before the war. Most of
them left for Syria, America, Holland, Germany. Neither Gevorg’s nor
other families have been supported by the state after coming to
Armenia. The only aid was from the Red Cross, which is too little to
stay alive.

Regardless the states attitude towards them, Gevorg applied for an
Armenian citizenship for him and for his family. Now he waits.

By Karine Danielian

*********************************************************************

IRAN’S PRESIDENT TO VISIT ARMENIA

Does it Interest States Outside South Caucasus?

The president of Iran Islamic Republic Mohammad Khatami will arrive
in Armenia on September 8 for a two-day official visit. President
Khatami visited Azerbaijan on August 5 and is going to visit Turkey
by the end of September.

Mohammad Khatami’s visit to Azerbaijan is important for Armenia as
regard to the Karabakh issue discussed there and Azeris’ indignation
over Iran’s pro-Armenian policy. We can assume that Turkey will also
drive president Khatami’s attention to these issues. Thus Mr.
Khatami’s visit to Turkey should also be viewed as important for
Armenia.

The first vice-president Habibi’s visit to Armenia in 1996 was the
first visit of a high-rank Iranian official ever paid. And now
Armenia is going to host the president of the republic. Armenia is
looking forward to maintaining closer ties with Iran after the visit.

A regular session of intergovernmental commissions of the two
countries is going to be held on the days of president’s visit. Iran
will be represented at the session by the Minister of Economy and
Finances Safrad Hoseyn.

President Khatami is supposed to meet with Robert Kocharian, will
make a speech in the parliament, will visit the Yerevan State
University and will participate in arrangements for high-rank
officials. Taking into consideration Iran’s influence and authority
in the region, president’s visit should reach far beyond the borders
of Armenia. It will be important for Georgia, Azerbaijan as well as
Russia and Turkey. The USA should not be left out from this list as
it is Russia’s rival in maintaining its influence in the South
Caucasus.

By Hakob Chakrian

*********************************************************************

ARKADY GHUKASIAN TO MEET ILHAM ALIYEV

A Legend or A Necessity?

The president of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev visits Nakhidjevan for the
second time during his tenure. During his last visit in May 12-14 the
Azeri president threatened that if the peace talk give no result then
“Azerbaijan will have to win the occupied territories back by force.”
President Aliyev didn’t threaten Armenia at his last visit on
September 2. He only said that the conflict resolution talks with
Robert Kocharian should carry on.

On September 1 the foreign minister of Armenia Vartan Oskanian stated
in his televised appearance that his last meeting with his colleague
Elmar Mamediarov in Prague on August 30 was the most efficient. Mr.
Aliyev’s words that “there is a need for talks today and they
continue around concrete issues” come to supplement Mr. Oskanian’s.

Yerevan occasionally repeats that the best point to start with is the
one reached by Robert Kocharian and late Heydar Aliyev. Kerry Kavano,
former co-chairman at the OSCE Minsk group, used to say that the
sides are incredibly close to the conflict solution. But Heydar
Aliyev turned down the agreement according to which Karabakh was to
be part of Armenia.

The issues being discussed today are perhaps known only to two
presidents and their foreign ministers, maybe also to Karabakh
authorities. Yerevan is willing to start the talks from the Key West
point but Baku is pressing on beginning from a new page.

The position of Nagorno Karabakh is not certain, as Stepanakert is
never asked for a voice. Although Robert Kocharian always mentions
that he represents also Nagorno Karabakh in the talks and that
Karabakh will join the talks at a certain point, in fact Stepanakert
has been a spectator since 1996. Karabakh’s involvement in the
conflict resolution was reduced to Minsk group mediator’s several
visits to Stepanakert.

In 1995-1996 we witnessed the three-way meetings. Armenia was
represented by Vartan Oskanian, Azerbaijan by Tofic Zulfugarov and
Karabakh by Arkady Ghukasian.

We have a different picture today. If Mr. Aliyev ventured to consider
his father’s legacy as a starting point and if Nagorno Karabakh,
according to Key West agreement, was annexed to Armenia, then
Karabakh’s position as a subject of confrontation would be justified.

But Karabakh’s keeping off of the talks can also be justified in case
Karabakh gains its status of 1988. This is the case when Karabakh
remains without Armenian population, this is Azeris standpoint.

In all other possible versions of conflict resolution Karabakh’s
direct participation in the talks is not only desirable but also
necessary. In 1993 due to talks between Stepanakert and Baku
cease-fire was reached along the whole frontline. The same year there
were more than 10 meetings between Karabakh and Azerbaijan
authorities.

Baku’s desire for cease-fire at that time can surely be understood,
as Azeris were loosing one region after the other and there was no
other alternative. As soon as a cease-fire was declared Baku had no
further desire to speak to Stepanakert but rather turn to Yerevan.

If Baku is really willing to reach peaceful solution then sooner or
later it will have to consider Nagorno Karabakh Republic’s de facto
existence. From this perspective, the meetings of presidents of the
two republics, Nagorno Karabakh and Azerbaijan, will support not only
the conflict resolution but also will create an atmosphere of trust
between Armenians and Azeris. As long as the nations keep distrusting
each other neither of resolution alternatives will work.

By Tatoul Hakobian

*********************************************************************

“ARMENIA AGREED TO RETURN SIX REGIONS, EXCEPT SHUSHI AND LACHINE, IN
FEBRUARY, 1994” MAMEDRAFI MAMEDOV. “THE STRONGEST WINS THE WAR”

Mamedrafi Mamedov, former Azeri Defense Minister, told in the
interview to the Zerkalo, Baku newspaper, that it was possible not
only to stop the military actions but also settle the Nagorno
Karabagh conflict in the February of 1994.

“The meeting of the defense ministers of the sides in conflict took
place in Moscow. A treaty was signed by me and the Armenian defense
minister. According to this document, the Armenians should have
withdrawn their forces from Aghdam and Fizuli in a month’s time,
afterwards, in three months they should have left Zangelan, Kubatlu,
Jebrail and Kelbajar. The parties discussed the issue of Shushi,
Lachine and the status of Nagorno Karabagh. I reported about the
results of the meeting to Heydar Aliyev. For unknown reasons this
plan wasn’t carried out,” Mamedov said.

In response to the question whether the Armenian army was stronger
than the Azeri one, Mamedov said: “You can put this question this
way. But I can’t agree with you. The stronger wins the war. The state
of the Azeri army during those years could bring no victory for us.”

Mamedov expressed doubt about the viewpoint shaped within the
society, saying that, as if Armenians won the war but for Russian
arms and Russia’ s assistance. “The Russian militants helped me much.
You just don’t ask how they did it. I can’t answer this question,” he
said. By the way, Mamedov moved to Azerbaijan from the Russian army
in 1993. Heydar Aliyev asked Yeltsin to allow Mamedov to move to Baku
and lead the Azeri defense Ministry. In 1995, Mamedov again moved to
Moscow.

Mamedov answered the question saying that Russia rendered military
help to Armenia in the following way: “That was more politics than
military help. Russia was building its relations both with us and
with Armenia.”

Mamedov emphasized with regret that he was against the plan
envisaging counterattack in direction of Kelbajar. But Ali Omarov,
Public Prosecutor, managed to conceive Aliyev that there is no
difficulty in conquering Kelbajar. ” It’s hard to say how many people
were killed then, I can’t remember the exact number. My heart will
ache for the perished soldiers and officers till the end of my life,”
he said.

It’s worth reminding that he spoke of the military actions began by
Azerbaijan in direction of Kelbajar in 1993-94 winter. Azeris lost
over 2000 soldiers in the battles that lasted two days. Armenians
lost over 500 soldiers.

On the other hand, Mamedov believes that “the population of Zangelan
and other regions should not have fled from their native villages,
they should have stayed and struggle in the war.” Mamedov finds the
May 12 ceasefire resolution adopted in 1994 defensible. Till now some
people think in Baku that the war should not have been stopped. “We
were conducting military actions, then we stopped and began defense
actions. Thus, the enemy thought that we will have no force to attack
and that they can attack us too. In order to avert this we should
have accepted a ceasefire agreement,” Mamedov said.

Former Azeri Defense Minister finds that his country needs no
American military stations. “I am sure that if American forces are
located in the republic, none will be able to talk of returning the
occupied territories,” he said.

By Tatoul Hakobian

*********************************************************************

OPPOSITION TO BEGIN NO ARMED REVOLUTION

The September 1 sitting of “Justice” union makes us think that the
opposition members will finally define the main components of the
autumn script. Victor Dallakian, Secretary of “Justice” faction, said
that they decided to settle the issue during the congress of the
parties involved in the faction. The congress is envisaged to take
place in the middle of September. The new situation will be discussed
and new decisions will be made during this congress.

Anyway, tactically applied measures (rallies, processions,
demonstrations and meetings with the population) were ratified during
this sitting.

The head of the faction said that the last decision of the Government
to eliminate the areas envisaged for the meetings with the population
didn’t discourage them at all.

In reply to the notice made by Azg Daily, saying that the rallies are
not effective methods for struggle and the opposition should find new
ways for reaching their goals, Victor Dallakian said that there are
two ways of power shift: the first is through the people and the
second is through armed rebellion. He knows no other way of struggle
and they will settle the issue through the people. He is sure that
the wave of rallies is still strong.

Victor Dallakian assured once again that the opposition will ignore
the autumn session of RA National Assembly, as “no change that will
help us return to the parliament is made.”

As for the constitutional reforms, he said that the current
authorities have no right to discuss such a package as the submitted
draft-law underwent only slight amendments. This draft-law was
rejected by the people in 2003.

Moreover, “the current authorities that have violated the
constitution for many times have no moral right to submit a draft-law
on constitutional amendments.”

By Karine Danielian

*********************************************************************

ART OF LABOUR

On September 2, Sonia Balasanian, founder of Center for New
Experimental Art, opened the exhibition of her works done during the
last 15 years at the same center. She considers this exhibition a
unique completion of her creative life, as she displayed pieces both
from her painting and video art.

“I tried to reveal the secret of the relations between the woman and
the man,” Sonia Balasanian emphasizes.

Yeva Khachatrian, curator, coordinated and represented the pieces of
many years in various lines.

“The exhibition is entitled “Labour”. Sonia Balasanian depicts the
birth, life and death of the woman and the man,” Yeva Khachatrian
said.

The pieces exhibited in the Center for New Experimental Art have been
included in the exhibitions at New York contemporary Art Museum, as
well as in many other famous museums of the world.

By Arevik Badalian

*********************************************************************

ASILVA’S WORLD OF CLEAR LINES AND COLORS

Asilva, French-Armenian artist, exhibited her pictures in Yerevan for
the first time. She exhibited her pieces in many countries and
received positive evaluation and prizes. Her pieces exhibited in the
Artists’ Union were transparent and full of harmony. “Hollow,”
“Hope,” “Ararat,” “Light of Silence,” “Obscure Light,” and many other
pieces drew the attention of the viewers. “She has unique energy and
talent, and her exhibition in Yerevan was prepared with love and
devotion,” Henrik Igitian said. He emphasized that today our
compatriots from abroad are dreaming of being exhibited in Yerevan.
This lessens the distance between Armenian and Diaspora. This first
step aimed to find each other are caused from inner necessity. The
artist’s works are full of warmth and bright colors. She confessed
love to Armenia and France. Asilva’s exhibition opened two days ago.
Art critic Shahen Khachatrian said that modern forms and the dynamic
architecture of these forms, as well as the harmonic colors draw
attention of the viewers. Arto Chakmakchian, Canadian sculptor, said
that the pieces are complete and he is sure that many people will
like them, as they are realistic.”

By Melania Badalian

*********************************************************************

ASYLUM LEVELS AND TRENDS IN INDUSTRIALISED COUNTRIES

Asylum levels in the industrialized world continue to drop sharply.
In 30 mostly industrialized countries 86,800 asylum applications were
submitted during the second quarter of 2004, 8 % less than during the
first quarter.

Asylum seekers from the Russian Federation, Serbia and Montenegro,
China, Turkey, India are still the majority. Armenia is on the 20-th
place. In the second quarter of 2004 as 1,188 asylum applications
were lodged in industrialized countries from Armenia. Looking at the
number of applications lodged in European countries, Armenia is on
the 18-th place (1,056 asylum applications).

Armenians lodged asylum applications in the following industrialized
countries:

Austria 97
Belgium 97
Bulgaria 29
Cyprus 9
Czech 20
Denmark 8
Finland 14
France 264
Germany 127
Greece 11
Hungary 8
Netherlands 48
Norway 10
Poland 5
Spain 17
Slovakia 35
Sweden 140
Switzerland 105
UK 5
USA 139
Total 1,188

*********************************************************************