Interenergo to control Armenian electricity distribution grid

ITAR-TASS News Agency
TASS
September 23, 2005 Friday

Interenergo to control Armenian electricity distribution grid

By Tigran Liloyan

YEREVAN

The Armenian government has decided to transfer the entire stock of
the republican electricity distribution grid to Interenergo – a
component of the Unified Energy System of Russia, Armenian Energy
Minister Armen Movsesian told a Friday press conference in Yerevan.

He said the Unified Energy System of Russia would assume all the
commitments of the current owner of the republican electricity
distribution grid, the British-based Midland Resources. The British
company suggested the stock transfer two weeks ago.

The minister denied claims that the Unified Energy System of Russia
would allegedly become the monopoly on the Armenian energy market. He
said the Russian company produces only 10% of the republican
electricity.

On June 23 Interenergo acquired the right to 99-year control over the
Armenian electricity network with $73 million.

ANKARA: Conference On Ottoman Armenians Continues In Istanbul

Anatolian Times, Turkey
Sept 25 2005

Conference On Ottoman Armenians Continues In Istanbul

ISTANBUL – ”Ittihat & Terakki Party (Party of Union & Progress) had
a plan to purify whole Anatolia from the non-Turks, starting from the
Aegean Region, before the World War I, and this plan was carried out
in entire Anatolia during the years of the war (World War I)”,
argued associate professor Taner Akcam of Minnesota University.
Taking the floor on the second day of the Conference titled ”The
Armenians during the Collapse of the Ottoman Empire” held at
Istanbul’s Bilgi University, Akcam said that the relocation decision
was made at the end of long discussions and debates.

”The Ottoman documents indicate that the decision to relocate the
Armenians was made to end a deeper problem defined as the ‘eastern
problem’ and to end the dissolution process of the Ottoman Empire.
This decision was not a result of a need that erupted during the war.
There are many documents in hand with respect to the destruction of
Armenians,” claimed Akcam.

On the other hand, Dr. Ahmet Kuyas of Galatasaray University referred
to the four members of the Ittihat & Terakki Party, and said that a
serious massacre was made those days. According to Kuyas, the
architect of this massacre was Enver Pasha. Kuyas expressed his view
that the other three people who were responsible for these massacres
were Talat Pasha, Dr. Bahattin Sakir and Dr. Nazim.

Also speaking at the conference, professor Baskin Oran of Ankara
University’s Political Sciences Department said, ”concept of class,
criticisms of Ataturk, Cyprus, socialism, communism and Kurdistan are
no more taboos in Turkey. There was only one taboo left, and it was
Armenian issue. Now, it is no more a taboo.”

Referring to Armenian Diaspora, Oran said, ”Diaspora talks about
‘recognition, compensation and territory’, and this prevents
‘recognition’. Nobody in Turkey can think of paying compensation for
things that an empire (Ottoman Empire), the alphabet of which you
have abandoned, did. Moreover, territory claims are nonsense.”

Oran pointed out that assassins of Turkish diplomats should not
remain unpunished, and added, ”assassins of 35-40 Turkish diplomats
were not punished or sentenced to minor punishments. And, this caused
as much reaction in Turkey as the 1915 incidents caused in Armenia.
And, this was the factor which increased this taboo in Turkey.”

Before the conference started, a group of people who were the members
of the Grand Unity Party (BBP) threw rotten tomatoes and eggs to
participants and the building where the conference is being held.
Also, the audience was protested by the group.

Forum on Armenian massacre defies ban

Los Angeles Times
Sept 25 2005

Forum on Armenian massacre defies ban

By Amberin Zaman

ISTANBUL, Turkey – A controversial conference on the mass killings of
ethnic Armenians during the last days of the Ottoman Empire opened
here amid heavy security Saturday in defiance of a court ban.

The forum was hailed by participants and Western observers as a
groundbreaking event where Turkish academics for the first time
publicly could challenge their country’s official version of the
events leading to the Armenian tragedy.

Hundreds of protesters waving Turkish flags pelted the arriving
panelists with eggs and rotten tomatoes, expressing the fury felt by
many Turks over efforts to open their country’s painful past to
debate.

“The aim (of the conference) … is to declare Turkey guilty of
genocide,” said Erkan Onsel, head of the local branch of the small,
left-wing Turkey’s Workers’ Party.

The conference was canceled twice before, most recently on Thursday,
when an Istanbul court ruled in favor of a group of lawyers who
opposed the gathering on procedural grounds.

Turkey’s reformist prime minister, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, harshly
condemned the ruling, saying it was timed to undermine the country’s
efforts to join the European Union.

Turkey is scheduled to open long-awaited membership talks with the EU
on Oct. 3.

“I want to live in a Turkey where freedoms are enjoyed in their
broadest sense,” Erdogan told reporters Saturday.

His words were echoed by Foreign Minister Abdullah Gul, who sent a
letter of support to the conference.

He earlier termed the cancellation a further example of how “Turks
are so good at shooting themselves in the foot.”

Emotions ran high among a packed audience of academics, journalists
and diplomats as panelists deconstructed Turkey’s official
explanation of how the country’s once-thriving Armenian population,
estimated at more than 1 million in the early 20th century, was
reduced to its current level of 80,000.

Armenians say more than 1 million of their people systematically were
killed in a genocide campaign launched by Ottoman forces from 1915 to
1923.

Turkey says several hundred thousand Armenians did die but of
exposure, disease and attacks from brigands as they journeyed south
to Syria after being deported for collaborating with invading Russian
troops.

Most speakers took a cautious tone, saying the purpose of the
conference was not to deliver a verdict on whether the killings
constituted genocide or not.

“We cannot allow debate to be trapped between these two conflicting
points of view. We need to try and understand what happened in 1915,”
said Halil Berktay, a prominent Ottoman historian. He noted
nonetheless that Ottoman officials had declared “an open season to
hunt Armenians” at the start of World War I.

One of the speakers stated outright that the killings constituted
genocide.

“That is my view,” said Fikret Adanir, a Turkish historian.

“What about the Muslims who were killed, why won’t you mention them?”
demanded audience member Mustafa Budak, deputy director of the
state-run Ottoman archive, during a heated question-and-answer
session.

Turkey recently opened the archive to the public, but critics say
incriminating documents have been purged.

Budak denied the claim in an interview and added that “the
conference’s credibility would have been vastly enhanced had other
academics (supporting the official line) been invited to speak as
well.”

A European diplomat observing the panel said its significance went
beyond free debate of the Armenian issue. “It proves that Turkey is
maturing into a Western-style democracy, where all opinions, no
matter how contentious, can be freely expressed.”

Rock star: Mason’s elaborate stonework becomes two-year dream proj.

Cape Cod Times, MA
Sept 25 2005

Rock star
Mason’s elaborate stonework becomes two-year dream project
By JOHANNA CROSBY
STAFF WRITER

EAST DENNIS ”’ Only a portion of Tigran Gichunts’ ”masonry
paradise” is visible from the road in this seaside neighborhood.

Tigran Gichunts’ stone work at Fawaz and Jo-Ellen El Khoury’s home
in East Dennis began with a wall to stop erosion, and blossomed into
a “masonry paradise” that took two years to build.

—————————————————————-

Halfway up a long driveway, a rambling yellow, federal-style house
perched on a hilltop comes into full view. The sloping front lawn is
framed by two tiers of stone walls.

But Gichunts didn’t stop there. His handiwork includes 10,000 square
feet of stone walls that wrap around most of the secluded 3-acre
property. Some of the 4 1/2-foot-high walls – which run for 1,500
feet, or more than a quarter of a mile – flaunt built-in planters and
graceful columns.

Gichunts also built three patios – a large one of Turkish marble in
the backyard with an outdoor gourmet kitchen for entertaining; a
fieldstone patio in the backyard; and a side-yard rectangular patio,
made of concrete pavers that resemble bricks, that is designed with a
herringbone pattern. He combined landscape materials of different
textures and colors throughout the project. In the front yard, a
network of fieldstone pathways trimmed with cobblestone is connected
by a circular walkway of concrete pavers. The formal entranceway is
made of tumbled bluestone edged with granite.

The ambitious project took Gichunts, a masonry designer whose
business is based in South Yarmouth and Brewster, two years to
complete. He finished it last month.

His first day on the job, he walked the property and ideas began
percolating in his mind.

Gichunts did not work from a blueprint. Instead, he relied on his
mind’s eye to detail the plans.

”I’m usually a hands-on kind of person,” says owner Fawaz El Khoury
of Westborough, a real estate investor

who is also in the import/export business. But after seeing Gichunts’
work on the entranceway he was hired to build, El Khoury and his wife
Jo-Ellen had confidence in Gichunts’ talent and vision and gave him a
fairly free hand on the project. The designer would run his ideas by
them and they usually agreed.

The couple declined to say how much the project cost. But Gichunts
says he builds fieldstone walls for an average of $50 per square
foot, including material and labor.

A family trade
Gichunts, 24, was eager to showcase his stonework skills on such a
grand scale.

This gourmet kitchen built by mason Tigran Gichunts boasts a double
chimney oven made of river rocks and fire bricks, with an upper oven
for baking and a larger one below that can accommodate a whole pig or
lamb.
(Staff photos by VINCENT DeWITT)

—————————————————————-

”It’s an art,” he says, of doing masonry, a trade that apparently
runs in his genes. Gichunts is a native of Armenia and his
grandfather was a mason.

Piecing 15 truckloads of stones together artfully to build a wall is
like putting together a giant jigsaw puzzle, he says. It’s also very
detailed, labor-intensive work. The rocks were secured with mortar,
but it was recessed so it wouldn’t show.

The two stone walls in the front yard are primarily decorative. But
they also help to prevent erosion of the hilly terrain. ”At first we
had a concrete wall, but it was ugly,” El Khoury says.

With an artist’s eye toward aesthetics, Gichunts came up with the
idea for two levels of stone walls. He chose attractive tan-colored
New England fieldstone, which blends in with the surrounding
landscape. Besides its natural beauty, the stone was chosen because
it’s durable and maintenance-free, Gichunts says.

But Gichunts wasn’t finished with just the two tiers of stone walls
on the hill. Instead, the walls grew longer and one of his ideas led
to another.

”I never in my wildest dreams thought it would go around the entire
yard,” El Khoury says. ”It became an addiction. Once you do a stone
wall, you want to do another.”

Besides the privacy it affords, the wrap-around stone walls are in
keeping with the historic integrity of the neighborhood and provides
a ”certain harmony” with the natural landscape, Mrs. El Khoury
adds.

Their own castle
The sprawling yard is landscaped with numerous plantings, including
100 rose bushes along one of the stone walls. Hydrangeas, flowers and
other shrubs dot the sweeping front lawn.

At night, when the landscape lights are turned on, the house looks
like a castle, Gichunts says.

The El Khourys bought the 3-acre site, which is bordered by
conservation land, four years ago. They helped design their spacious
12-room summer house, which has a view of Cape Cod Bay from the
second floor. There is also an attached guest suite.

Mrs. El Khoury has fond memories of summering on the Cape as a child
and learning how to swim at nearby Cold Storage Beach. Her parents
live in the neighborhood. The setting attracts an assortment of
wildlife, including birds and deer.

”It’s a dream to be here,” Mrs. El Khoury says.

The couple, who have four children, enjoy entertaining outdoors and
cooking for their guests. Gichunts built a gourmet kitchen at the
edge of the large backyard patio, which is made of marble slabs in a
geometric pattern and a granite border. The 37-foot-island is fully
equipped with a stainless steel bar sink and faucet, stove,
refrigerator, ice machine, and charcoal gas grills.

The double chimney oven – made of river rocks and fire bricks –
features two separate ovens, a small one for baking breads, pizza and
cake and a large one that can accommodate a whole pig, lamb or 10
chickens. The counter top consists of a mosiac of tiny tiles and
sleek granite.

A circular fieldstone walkway from the backyard patio leads to a lawn
area where the owners plan to build a swimming pool. Gichunts is
already envisioning his next project: a patio for the pool.

http://www.capecodonline.com/cctimes/rockstar25.htm

Conference on Armenian Massacres Held W/Support from Turkish Leaders

Southeast European Times, MD
Sept 25 2005

Conference on Armenian Massacres Held With Support from Turkish
Leaders
25/09/2005

ANKARA, Turkey — Following two failed attempts earlier this year,
the first-ever public debate about the early 20th century mass
killings of Armenians was held in Turkey Saturday (24 September),
with the backing of senior Turkish leaders who cited the
participants’ right to freedom of expression. The conference,
attended mostly by academics, took place at the Bilgi University in
Istanbul under tight security as nationalists demonstrated outside,
calling the event “traitorous”.

Last week, a court had banned the event, prompting Prime Minister
Recep Tayyip Erdogan to say that the ruling was timed to undermine
the country’s efforts to join the EU. “I want to live in a Turkey
where freedoms are enjoyed in their broadest sense,” Erdogan said
Saturday. Foreign Minister Abdullah Gul also defended the event,
saying the ban showed that Turks “are so good at shooting themselves
in the foot”. The EU condemned the court’s move as a “provocation”
and warned the conference would be considered a test of freedom of
expression in Turkey, an EU hopeful.

As many as 1.5 million Armenians are thought to have been killed
between 1915 and 1923, in what Armenia and several governments around
the world have termed a genocide. Turkey, however, denies the charge,
arguing that the death toll is inflated and that Turks as well as
Armenians perished in civil unrest and intercommunal fighting as the
Ottoman Empire collapsed.

BAKU: OSCE, Pace Should Cooperate In Karabakh Conflict Resolution

Baku Today, Azerbaijan
Sept 25 2005
X-Sender: Asbed Bedrossian <[email protected]>
X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 — ListProcessor(tm) by CREN

OSCE, Pace Should Cooperate In Karabakh Conflict Resolution – Russian
Co-Chair

Baku Today / AssA-Irada 25/09/2005 19:36

The OSCE Minsk Group mediating settlement of the Armenia-Azerbaijan
Karabakh conflict and the special committee of the Parliamentary
Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) may cooperate on a number of
issues, the MG Russian co-chair Yuri Merzlyakov said.

He was commenting on the hearings on the Karabakh conflict held in
Paris within the PACE committee last week.

`The OSCE MG co-chairs are mediating the talks and presenting
proposals, while PACE may contribute to mobilizing public opinion in
the two countries to achieve the compromise needed for the conflict
resolution. It may also be actively involved in ensuring
implementation of commitments that the sides assumed upon admission
to the Council of Europe, with a pivotal obligation being the
peaceful settlement of the Karabakh conflict.’

Merzlyakov stated that CE and PACE may take up `control over every
ceasefire violation and influence the sides to honor their
commitments’.

`The belligerent statements that sound every now then and calls for
settling the conflict with the use of force certainly do not promote
conflict resolution…We are ready to share our credentials with PACE
to ensure such statements are not made any longer.’

Merzlyakov said the mediators are concerned over the growing military
budgets of Azerbaijan and Armenia, which `may affect the process of
implementing their commitments on the peace conflict settlement’.

Union of Iranian Armenians a center of Armenians in LA

Noyan Tapan News Agency
Sept 23 2005

UNION OF IRANIAN ARMENIANS A CENTER OF ARMENIANS IN LOS ANGELES

YEREVAN, SEPTEMBER 23, NOYAN TAPAN – ARMENIANS TODAY. The Union of
Iranian Armenians of Los Angeles created in 1956 has been carrying
out its main mission of preservation of the Armenian nation since
1978 when after the Islamic Revolution of Iran 150 thousand Iranian
Armenians moved to the two American continents and European
countries. Those who moved to West America mainly settled in
Glendale. According to unofficial data, nearly 100 thousand Armenians
live there today, and only 50 thousand out of them migrated from
Iran. As Tomik Alexanian, Chairman of the recent 7 years of the Union
of Iranian Armenians of West Coast of America, informed Noyan Tapan’s
correspondent in his interview, the most of Armenian newspapers
published in the US are printed in this city. The city has 6 Armenian
TV channels, 3 completely Armenian schools and 1 Sunday school.
Glendale Mayors are periodically Armenians. Today also Glendale Mayor
is Armenian by nationality, he is Iranian Armenian Raffi Manukian.

Now Mr Alexanian is in Armenia, he has brought the regular aid to
Artsakh, Gyumri and Yerevan parentless children. The Union of Iranian
Armenians started implementing its benevolent programs in the
homeland after the 1988 earthquake. The union has several
departments, from which it’s worth mentioning the 200-person Sunday
school, the Armenian library having 10 thousand books, where various
events are organized on 3 days of the week, including presentations,
concerts, performances. T.Alexanian also mentioned the orchestra
headed by conductor Mikael Avetisian, which performed with a
180-person staff at its last symphonic concert, including the
orchestra and the chorus. A musical school and school of national
dances operate under the Union’s patronage.

Tomik Alexanian mentioned that this activity is benevolent and is
done free of charge. And the Union’s sums are gained from donations
and membership fees.

The Union’s Chairman also told about the programs of Union’s
Department of Iranian Armenian Women operating for already 25 years.
Since 1988 the department has been implementing two programs in
Armenia. One of them is connected with parentless children and the
other is an educational benevolent program. Tbe first program started
its activity on the days of the earthquake including aid to 100
children and now it renders assistance to 600 children. This activity
is carried out in Armenia by 3 members of the Union of Iranian
Armenian Women, Janet and Hermine Shahumian sisters and Janet
Tsaturian. The latter has moved to Yerevan for good and is engaged in
problems of needy children. 78 thousand USD per year is given for
these programs, 54 thousand out of which is for parentless children
and 24 thousand for stipends. 100 USD per year is given to each
parentless child.

According to T.Alexanian, the number of parentless children reduces
and that of getting stipends increases year by year. Besides, the
Union also renders assistance to the Military Institute after Vazgen
Manukian and different universities in Artsakh and Yerevan. Yerevan
school after Raffi has been fundamentally repaired recently with the
Union’s assistance.

3 complete Armenian colleges – Shamlian Armenian college, School of
Armenian Sisters and Mkhitarian college, operate in Glendale. Nearly
1800 Armenian children attend them. Children that migrated from
Armenia to the US don’t attend the above-mentioned paid schools as
these schools aren’t affordable for them. These children attend
special American schools intended for them. And so that the Armenian
children attending these special schools can also learn Armenian, the
Davtian-Mariamian educational institution was founded 10 years ago,
the chairman of which three years running has been Tomik Alexanian
himself. Today 1200 pupils learning in different classes of American
schools attend this school.

According to Tomik Alexanian, the most important mission of the Union
is to rally and unite the Armenians living far from the homeland, to
assist them in getting education in accordance with the Armenian
spirit, as far as possible to create an Armenian atmosphere where
they speak and think Armenian.

Turkey has never met EU membership standards

Noyan Tapan News Agency
Sept 23 2005

TURKEY HAS NEVER MET EU MEMBERSHIP STANDARDS, PARTICIPANTS OF
CONFERENCE IN EUROPARLIAMENT UNDERLINE

BRUSSELS, SEPTEMBER 23, NOYAN TAPAN – ARMENIANS TODAY. The conference
“December 2004-October 2005: Has Turkey Saved Itself Today?” held
jointly on September 22 by the Christain Democratic Party and the
European-Armenian Federation for Justice and Democracy caused great
interest in the European Parliament. According to the information
provided to NT by the Federation, more than 200 participants from 15
EU member states, including representatives of various organizations
and the mass media, attended the conference.

The opening address of the Vice Speaker of the Europarliament Ingo
Friedrich (CDP, Germany) was followed by some 15 speeches focusing on
the EU admission, human rights (with a special stress on speech
freedom), the denial of the Armenian Genocide, the Kurdish problem,
and the process of Turkey’s joining the EU as perceived by European
public opinion. Numerous parliamentarians representing various
political forces of Europe reminded that Ankara has never met the EU
membership standards both regarding the Armenian and Cyprus issues.

Hot debates took place with the participation of Pierre Mirel,
representative of the EuroCommission’s General Directorate for
Enlargement Issues, especially in connection with the existing wide
gap between the EuroCommission’s view and the European public
opinion. In particular, parliamentarian M. Triantaphyllides (Cyprus)
stated that “he trusts European citizens rather than the Commission.”
Vahan Hovhannisian, Vice Speaker of the RA National Assembly,
stressed the threat of destabilization in Caucasus concerning
Turkey’s aggressive policy with respect to Armenia.

“On the eve of October 3 (NT: the day on which the negotiations for
Turkey’s joining the EU started) the Commission appealed to the EU
political leaders to be vigilant. They should respond to the
Europeans’ increasingly pressing demand with transparent decisions of
the Commission and the Council regarding the terms of Turkey’s
admission,” said Hilda Chobanian, Chairwoman of the European-Armenian
Federation for Justice and Democracy.

Turkish diplomats warn the US over Armenian genocide Bill

Cyprus Press and Information Office: Occupied Northern Cyprus
Sept 23 2005

Turkish diplomats warn the US over Armenian genocide Bill

Ankara Turkish Daily News (22.09.05) reports that Turkeys
relationship with the United States, already damaged by disputes over
Iraq, may deteriorate at an unprecedented rate in the event the U.S.
House of Representatives approves two Armenian genocide resolutions
passed by a house panel last week, Turkish diplomats warned.
We dont expect this to happen, but if the resolutions are approved by
a floor vote at the House of Representatives, it will mean that the
United States legislation in one way or another will have labeled the
Armenian events as a genocide, and the effect will have catastrophic
dimensions in terms of ties between Turkey and the United States,
said one diplomat. The Turkish people will never forget this, and no
Turkish government may remain indifferent to what the people think.

Despite objections by U.S. President George W. Bushs administration,
the House of Representatives International Relations Committee on
Sept. 15 endorsed the two resolutions denouncing the deaths of
Armenians early last century as genocide. The House is the lower
house of the U.S. Congress, while the Senate is its higher house.

The committee voted 35-11 to approve a resolution, sponsored by
Democratic lawmakers, calling on Turkey to acknowledge the
culpability of its predecessor state, the Ottoman Empire, in the
1915-1923 deaths.

A second resolution, sponsored by Republican representatives, passed
40-7, calling for U.S. foreign policy to reflect an understanding of
the Armenian genocide and for the president to recognize the deaths
as genocide.

It is not clear if or when the resolutions will be brought before the
full House of Representatives.

In private talks Turkish diplomats say House Speaker Dennis Hastert,
a Republican lawmaker close to Bush, is not expected to bring the
resolutions to a floor vote at the House because he is aware of the
grave consequences in Turkish-U.S. relations.

However, Armenian groups also claim that they have Hasterts support
for their cause.

As we work to build on the committees favorable action, we look to
Speaker Hastert to honor his pledge and schedule a full floor vote on
the Armenian Genocide legislation at the earliest opportunity, said
Ken Hachikian, chairman of the Armenian National Committee of
America.

Armenians claim that the Ottoman empire caused the deaths of up to
1.5 million of their kinsmen in a planned genocide. Turkey says the
toll is wildly inflated and that Armenians were killed or displaced
in civil unrest during the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. Turkey
says many Muslims also lost their lives. Ankara believes that Armenia
will use the genocide claims to make territorial demands against
Turkey.

Rustamian: Accepting Turkey, EU stops being repository of values

Noyan Tapan News Agency
Sept 23 2005

ARMEN RUSTAMIAN: ACCEPTING TURKEY, EUROPEAN UNION STOPS BEING
REPOSITORY OF SYSTEM OF VALUES AROUND WHICH CREATED

YEREVAN, SEPTEMBER 23, NOYAN TAPAN – ARMENIANS TODAY. If today’s
Turkey which doesn’t correspond to European values. enter the
European Union, the European Union will stop being the repository of
the system of values around which that structure was first formed.
Armen Rustamian, a representative of the ARF Supreme Body of Armenia,
the Chairman of the NA Standing Committee on Foreign Relations stated
about this at the September 22 press-conference.

According to him, the fear of the peoples of France and Holland, that
the European Union can lose its essense being strengthened by means
of new bureaucratic mechanisms and becoming a political structure,
was one of reasons of failure of the referendum of the EU
Constitution in these countries. Particularly, interviews held in
France showed that the most part of those saying “no” sees danger in
Turkey’s membership to the EU.

According to Rustamian, if Turkey completely correspond to the
European system of values, it will recognize the Armenian Genocide
immediatly. According to him, refusal of the fact of the Genocide
shows that today’s Turkey doesn’t differ from the Ottaman Turkey, and
it’s not excluded that it should take similar steps again.

According to him, the issue of the Genocide can’t be considered as a
historical or moral problem as it’s more than modern and relates to
geographic-political developments of the South Caucasus and the whole
eastern region, That’s why, according to the rapporteur, the issue is
replaced on the political field and “cut off its source and reasons.”
“We should be able to touch upon the problem of the Genocide in right
time and in right way and never make it a subject of trade, a subject
of hagglings,” Rustamian stated.