RFE/RL Armenian Report – 10/13/2021

                                        Wednesday, 
Police Investigating ‘Insults’ Against Armenian PM
        • Marine Khachatrian
ARMENIA -- People march to demand the resignation of Prime Minister Nikol 
Pashinian over his handling of the war over Nagorno-Karabakh with Azerbaijan, in 
Yerevan, February 22, 2021
Invoking recently enacted amendments denounced by local and Western human rights 
groups, the Armenian police have launched more criminal investigations into what 
they see as offensive remarks about Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian.
The amendments to the Armenian Criminal Code made “grave insults” directed at 
individuals because of their “public activities” crimes punishable by heavy 
fines and a prison sentence of up to three months. Those individuals may include 
government and law-enforcement officials, politicians and other public figures.
The first criminal case stemming from the new Criminal Code clauses was 
reportedly opened a month ago. The police went on to launch about a dozen other 
investigations of this kind. A police spokesperson declined to clarify on 
Wednesday whether all of them relate to insults aimed at Pashinian.
The police department of Yerevan’s Avan and Nor Nork disticts is conducting 
several such inquiries. One of its senior investigators, Sargis Papoyan, 
acknowledged that all of them are targeting individuals who insulted Pashinian, 
including with social media posts “containing swear words of sexual character.”
Papoyan said one suspect identified by police investigators is a woman who 
posted a picture of Pashinian on Facebook and commented on it in an offensive 
manner.
“That person has said that the reason for her comment containing a grave insult 
is the situation on the country’s borders,” the officer told RFE/RL’s Armenian 
Service.
U.S. democracy watchdog Freedom House deplored the Criminal Code articles 
shortly after the Armenian authorities began enforcing them. It spoke of a 
“clear degradation of democratic norms in Armenia, including freedom of 
expression.”
Alen Simonian, the Armenian parliament speaker and a close Pashinian associate, 
rejected the criticism earlier this week. “When a child gets to see a politician 
swearing on the Internet is that freedom of speech?” he said.
Armenian civic activists also see a threat to free speech. One of them, Zaruhi 
Hovannisian, argued on Wednesday that the new legal provisions do not clearly 
define “grave insults” and give excessive discretionary authority to 
law-enfocement bodies.
“As we can see, the new law serves to scrutinize comments about people in the 
highest echelons of power,” said Hovannisian.
The controversial amendments have also been condemned by the Armenian 
opposition. Opposition leaders claim that Pashinian himself has relied heavily 
on slander and “hate speech” since coming to power in 2018.
All forms of slander and defamation had been decriminalized in Armenia in 2010 
during then President Serzh Sarkisian’s rule.
Iran’s Top Prosecutor Visits Armenia
        • Gayane Saribekian
        • Lusine Musayelian
Armenia - Iran’s Prosecutor-General Mohammad Jafar Montazeri at a meeting with 
Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian, Yerevan, .
Iran’s Prosecutor-General Mohammad Jafar Montazeri reaffirmed his country’s 
readiness to expand relations with Armenia as he visited Yerevan on Wednesday 
amid continuing tensions between Tehran and Baku.
Montazeri met with Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian after discussing with his 
Armenian counterpart Artur Davtian Armenian-Iranian cooperation in combatting 
cross-border crime and extradition of dozens of Iranian nationals jailed in 
Armenia on mostly drug-related charges.
Pashinian hailed that cooperation, saying that it is in tune with his and 
Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi’s intention to reinvigorate the broader 
Armenian-Iranian relationship. According an Armenian government statement, he 
stressed the need for “new impetus” to bilateral commercial ties.
“We are interested in developing ties with Armenia to the benefit of our 
countries,” the statement quoted Montazeri as saying. Those ties allow the two 
neighboring states to “jointly confront the existing challenges in the region,” 
he said.
The two men, the statement went on, also touched upon “processes taking place in 
the region,” with Montazeri saying that Iran will not put up with the presence 
of “terrorists and war-mongering forces” along its borders.
The conservative cleric thus echoed recent days’ statements by other Iranian 
officials accusing Azerbaijan of harboring Sunni Muslim militants and Israeli 
security personnel near the Iranian border.
Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev again rejected these accusations in a 
newspaper interview published on Wednesday. He said Tehran is simply unhappy 
with Baku’s decision to start levying hefty fees from Iranian trucks 
transporting goods to and from Armenia.
The vehicles are being stopped at a 21-kilometer section of the main 
Armenia-Iran highway which Yerevan controversially ceded to Baku shortly after 
last year’s war in Nagorno-Karabakh. Aliyev again said that Azerbaijani police 
and customs set up a roadblock there on September 12 because Tehran failed to 
stop Iranian trucks from carrying out cargo shipments to Karabakh.
Two Iranian truck drivers were arrested there and accused of illegally 
travelling to Karabakh. They were reportedly set free on Wednesday one day after 
the Iranian and Azerbaijani foreign ministers spoke by phone in a bid to ease 
the unprecedented Azerbaijani-Iranian tensions.
Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian was reported to tell his 
Azerbaijani counterpart Jeyhun Bayramov that the two Shia Muslim neighbors 
should not let their enemies damage their relations. He made clear at the same 
time that the Islamic Republic expects a solution to “the problem of cargo 
transit.”
Bayramov reportedly proposed that Azerbaijani and Iranian customs officials meet 
and discuss the issue.
India, Armenia Agree On Closer Ties
        • Sargis Harutyunyan
Armenia - Armenian Foreign Minister Ararat Mirzoyan (R) and his Indian 
counterpart Subrahmanyam Jaishankar speak at a joint news conference, Yerevan, 
.
The foreign ministers of Armenia and India pledged to deepen relations between 
the two countries sharing common geopolitical interests after holding talks on 
Wednesday for the second time in a month.
Foreign Minister Ararat Mirzoyan said he and his Indian counterpart Subrahmanyam 
Jaishankar reached “concrete agreements” to that effect during the talks held in 
Yerevan. He also reaffirmed Armenia’s support for India in its long-running 
dispute with Pakistan and praised New Delhi’s “principled” position on the 
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.
Pakistan staunchly supports Azerbaijan in that conflict, refusing to not only 
establish diplomatic relations with Armenia but also formally recognize it. 
Islamabad underscored that support during last year’s Armenian-Azerbaijani war 
over Karabakh. But it denied claims that Pakistani soldiers participated in the 
six-week war on the Azerbaijani side.
Pakistani troops regularly take part in joint military exercises held by 
Azerbaijan and Turkey.
Azerbaijan - Special forces of Azerbaijan, Turkey and Pakistan start a joint 
exercise called "Three Brothers 2021," Baku, September 12, 2021.
By contrast, India has backed international efforts to settle the Karabakh 
conflict spearheaded by the United States, Russia and France. It has also 
effectively sided with Armenia in an Armenian-Azerbaijani border dispute that 
broke out in May this year. In a statement issued at the time, the Indian 
Foreign Ministry called on Baku to “pull back forces immediately and cease any 
further provocation.”
Mirzoyan recalled and hailed that statement during his joint news conference 
with Jaishankar. “For our part, we reaffirm our position in terms of supporting 
India on the Jammu and Kashmir issue,” he said.
Mirzoyan stressed that forging closer ties with India is one of Armenia’s 
foreign policy priorities. “We need to take joint steps to elevate our relations 
in the political, economic, military and cultural fields to a new level,” he 
said.
Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian echoed that statement when he met with Jaishankar 
later in the day.
“We not only express readiness but also have concrete ideas and proposals 
regarding what we should cooperate [with India] on,” he said.
Jaishankar, who is the first Indian foreign minister to ever visit Armenia, told 
reporters that he and Mirzoyan approved a “roadmap for future cooperation and 
mutual visits at different levels.” He singled out closer economic ties between 
the two nations whose bilateral trade was worth only $128 million last year.
Armenia - India's Minister of External Affairs Subrahmanyam Jaishankar speaks at 
a joint news conference with his Armenian counterpart Ararat Mirzoyan, Yerevan, 
.
In that regard, both ministers, who previously met in Tajikistan on September 
16, stressed the importance of establishing an Armenian-Indian transport link 
passing through Iran and its Chabahar cargo port in particular.
India has built and operates two terminals at the Gulf of Oman port to bypass 
Pakistan in cargo traffic with Iran, Afghanistan and central Asian countries.
New Delhi has also proposed Chabahar’s inclusion in the International 
North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC) project initiated by Russia, Iran and 
India in 2000. The project envisages a 7,200-kilometer-long network of maritime 
and terrestrial routes stretching from Mumbai to Moscow.
“We support using the Chabahar port and other initiatives that would expand 
links between our two countries,” said Jaishankar.
Mirzoyan said the Iranian port could be used for cargo shipments to not only 
Armenia but also neighboring Georgia and further north, to Russia and even 
Europe. He said Armenia and Iran are planning to sign an agreement on such 
freight transport.
Pashinian Praises ‘Productive’ Talks With Putin
        • Artak Khulian
Russia - Russian President Vladimir Putin and Armenian Prime Minister Nikol 
Pashinian meet in the Kremlin, Moscow, .
Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian described his latest meeting with Russian 
President Vladimir Putin as “very productive” but did not divulge its details 
early on Wednesday.
“The meeting was very productive,” Pashinian said in an overnight Twitter post. 
“We discussed both the bilateral agenda and the situation in the region.”
“We will continue our contacts to implement the agreements reached,” he wrote in 
Russian.
It was not clear if he referred to new or earlier understandings reached with 
Putin.
Putin and Pashinian met in Moscow on Tuesday for the fourth time this year. The 
talks apparently focused on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.
An Armenian government statement said they discussed “ongoing developments” in 
and around the conflict zone, efforts to shore up stability in the region and 
the implementation of Russian-brokered agreements to establish transport links 
between Armenia and Azerbaijan. Russian-Armenian relations were also on the 
agenda, added the statement.
Neither the government nor the Kremlin announced any agreements reached by the 
two leaders. Senior representatives of Armenia’s ruling Civil Contract party did 
not comment on Wednesday on the results of the talks.
Benyamin Poghosian, an Armenian political analyst, suggested that Pashinian 
sought to ascertain Moscow’s position on Azerbaijani demands for a permanent 
land “corridor” that will connect the Nakhichevan exclave to the rest of 
Azerbaijan via Armenia’s Syunik province.
Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev has threatened to forcibly open such a 
corridor if Yerevan continues to oppose its creation. Armenian leaders have 
denounced Aliyev’s threats as territorial claims. They maintain that a 
Russian-brokered ceasefire agreement that stopped last year’s war in 
Nagorno-Karabakh only calls for transport links between the two South Caucasus 
states.
The Russian, Armenian and Azerbaijani governments set up in January a trilateral 
working group tasked with working out practical modalities of opening the 
Armenian-Azerbaijani border for commercial traffic. The group’s Russian 
co-chair, Deputy Prime Minister Alexei Overchuk, insisted last month that it has 
not discussed possible transport corridors.
Meanwhile, the head of the Russian Orthodox Church, Patriarch Kirill, hosted a 
meeting between the spiritual leaders of Armenia and Azerbaijan in Moscow on 
Wednesday. Kirill said at the start of the meeting that he will discuss with 
Armenia’s Catholicos Garegin II and Azerbaijan’s top Shia Muslim cleric, 
Sheikh-ul-Islam Allahshukur Pashazade, ways of “overcoming the consequences” of 
the Karabakh conflict.
Reprinted on ANN/Armenian News with permission from RFE/RL
Copyright (c) 2021 Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty, Inc.
1201 Connecticut Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20036.
 

Hydropower in Karabakh: Armenians’ loss is Azerbaijan’s gain

EurasiaNet.org
Oct 7 2021
Ani Mejlumyan, Ulkar Natiqqizi Oct 7, 2021
A hydropower dam in Sugovushan, territory the Armenians call Mataghis. (president.az)

Before last year, energy was one of the bright spots in Nagorno-Karabakh’s economy. The de facto authorities had built a network of small hydropower plants to supplement a larger, Soviet-era dam.

As a result, the territory produced all its own electricity – the majority of which was from hydropower – and by 2018 was even exporting some to Armenia. It was one of the few spheres in which Nagorno-Karabakh was not dependent on its patron state.

Following last year’s war, however, Azerbaijan retook much of its territory that it had lost in the first war between the two sides in the 1990s. And that land included most of those hydropower plants.

Of the 36 plants that operated in Armenian-controlled territory before the war, only six remain under Armenian control. The hydropower production capacity in the territory decreased from 191 megawatts before the war to 79 megawatts now.  

“Indeed, they gained an economic advantage and we lost,” Armen Tovmasyan, Karabakh’s de facto minister of economy and agriculture, told Eurasianet.

The largest single hydropower facility in the region, Sarsang, was built in 1976 on the Tartar River in what was then known as the Aghdara region. (Independent Azerbaijan changed the name to Terter in 1993; Armenians know the region as Martakert.) The 50 megawatts of energy it produces remain under control of the Armenian side, now making up more than half the territory’s hydropower capacity. In addition, five smaller plants are in territory that remained under Armenian control following the war.

“All the other plants are under the adversary’s control, meaning the republic of Artsakh is not self-sufficient as it was before the war,” Tovmasyan said, using the alternative Armenian name for the region. “The deficit is being made up by energy imported from Armenia.”

But Armenia itself is also suffering electricity problems. Operations at the Metsamor nuclear plant, which generates about 40 percent of Armenia’s electricity, have been suspended since May 15; it is scheduled to reopen in October. On top of that, the natural gas-powered Hrazdan Thermal Power Plant, operated by Gazprom Armenia, also has been operating at only 30 percent capacity since April.

And Sarsang itself is producing far less than it could be: According to the plant’s operator, in the first quarter of 2021 production was half what it was in the same period the year before.

Meanwhile, electricity transfers between Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh have been interrupted by the loss of transmission lines that once ran through the Kelbajar region, which was ceded to Azerbaijan as part of the ceasefire deal. The only remaining transmission line runs along the Lachin corridor connecting the two entities, “which decreases the stability of supply,” Tovmasyan said.

As a result, Karabakh has been suffering power outages. “In September, until the last week of the month we had blackouts that sometimes would last for hours,” Anush Ghavalyan, a Stepanakert-based political commentator, told Eurasianet, adding that the situation seems to have improved recently.

“Frequent power shortages are happening mainly because today Artsakh is primarily supplied by the plant built near the Sarsang reservoir, the capacity of which will not be enough to provide electricity to the entire territory of Artsakh. That’s why there are regular outages,” Gegham Stepanyan, Nagorno Karabakh’s human rights ombudsman, told reporters on September 9. “If concrete measures are not taken to ensure energy security, we will face severe problems next fall,” he added.

The bulk of the territory’s hydropower plants are in the mountainous Kelbajar and Lachin regions, which also was ceded to Azerbaijan. According to reporting by the investigative news website Hetq just before the war, the plants were owned by a wide variety of former government officials in Karabakh and Armenia. 

The largest hydropower company in Karabakh, Artsakh HEK, owns and operates Sarsang. It also held two plants in the Terter region, which ended up under Azerbaijani control. Artsakh HEK’s shareholders are primarily wealthy diaspora Armenians.

The primary shareholder is a Turkish-Armenian businessman, Vartan Sirmakes, who owns controlling shares in two major Armenian banks, runs a company that had been involved in gold mining in Nagorno-Karabakh, and is co-founder of the luxury watch brand Franck Muller. Sirmakes has divided his shares in Artsakh HEK via two companies: 36 percent in M. Energoinvest CJSC through his associate Burak Kirkorian; and 17 percent in another company, Multicontinental Distribution Limited, which is registered in London and in which Sirmakes owns 75 percent of the shares. 

The second major shareholder is French-Armenian businessman Joseph Oughourlian, who controls a wide variety of businesses in Europe and the United States, from an investment advisory firm to a French soccer club. The head of Artsakh HEK’s board of directors is Arayik Harutyunyan, the current de facto president of Nagorno-Karabakh.

The plants also had a political significance, as a means of demonstrating Armenians’ intent to cement their control over these territories. When one plant in the Lachin region was opened in 2012, a senior official from the Armenian Revolutionary Federation-Dashnaktsutyun party said it demonstrated that “the Karabakh authorities guarantee that these territories are ours and will remain so. That the people are here and will stay.”

Following the war, Azerbaijani officials say that the departing Armenian forces “destroyed and looted” those power plants as they pulled out. Tovmasyan said such claims are a “lie” and that some associated infrastructure was damaged in fighting but that the plants themselves were not destroyed.

Now, Azerbaijanis say that they are steadily repairing and putting them back to work.

In February, just three months after fighting stopped, President Ilham Aliyev formally opened a medium-sized, 8-megawatt hydropower plant at Gulabird in the Lachin region.

“This is the first power plant being commissioned on the liberated lands. It has great significance and great symbolic meaning. We are returning to these lands,” Aliyev said on the occasion. “Renewable energy has huge potential in this region.”

By June, another two plants were reopened in the Terter region, Sugovushan-1 and Sugovushan-2, with 7.8 megawatts of total capacity. (When they were under Armenian control and operated by Artsakh HEK, they were known as Mataghis-1 and Mataghis-2.)

The plants now under Azerbaijani control are now owned by the state and are being reconstructed and operated by the country’s state-owned energy firm, Azerenergy.

Overall, the small plants in Lachin and Kelbajar have a capacity of 120 megawatts. Two others, which span the Araz River that divides Azerbaijan and Iran, will produce a further 120 megawatts for Azerbaijan when they are completed.

Preliminary work on these – Khudaferin and Maiden Tower – were begun under the Soviet Union but work was interrupted when Armenian forces captured the territory in 1993. Iran continued building its half of the project, while Azerbaijan was forced to suspend construction on its side.

In 2016, though the territory on the Azerbaijani side of the river was still under Armenian control, Azerbaijan and Iran quietly signed an agreement on continuing construction. Now, Azerbaijani officials say that the plants will be completed by 2024, and Iran and Azerbaijan will share the electricity they produce 50-50.

The renewal of hydropower is part of what the Azerbaijani government is calling a “green energy zone” in its newly retaken territories. “We are conducting work on hydroelectric power stations and many small hydropower plants in Karabakh,” Energy Minister Parviz Shahbazov told journalists in May, saying that work also is underway in building wind and solar energy capacity: “We intend to provide the Karabakh region with electricity through green energy sources in general.”

Meanwhile, officials in Nagorno-Karabakh are working out how to deal with their new energy deficit.

Authorities are building a new 1-megawatt solar plant, in Haterk in the Martakert region, the energy minister, Tovmasyan, told Eurasianet. That would complement another 4-megawatt plant already in operation.

And they are also sticking with hydropower: One 17.6-megawatt plant is under construction in Getavan, in the Martakert region, and a second, 25-megawatt plant is planned in the Sarsang-Mataghis area, Harutyunyan, the de facto leader, said during a government session also attended by Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan. 

“If this happens, we can become self-sufficient,” he said.

 

Ani Mejlumyan is a reporter based in Yerevan.

Ulkar Natiqqizi is a reporter based in Baku.

Never mind Russia: Turkey and Vietnam are Microsoft’s new state-backed hacker threats du jour

The Register
Never mind Russia: Turkey and Vietnam are Microsoft's new state-backed
hacker threats du jour
[It isn't just the big dogs preparing to bite, warns Redmond]
By Gareth Corfield
Oct. 8, 2021
Iran, Turkey and both North and South Korea are bases for nation-state
cyber attacks, Microsoft has claimed – as well as old favourite
Russia.
While more than half of cyberattacks spotted by Redmond came from
Russia, of more interest to the wider world is information from the US
megacorp's annual Digital Defence Report about lesser-known nation
state cyber-attackers.
"After Russia, the largest volume of attacks we observed came from
North Korea, Iran and China; South Korea, Turkey (a new entrant to our
reporting) and Vietnam were also active but represent much less
volume," said MS in a post announcing its findings.
While the usual suspects of Russia, China and North Korea are
highlighted in the report, Vietnam's APT32 was highlighted by
Microsoft's infosec people for targeting "human rights and civil
organisations."
The Vietnam-linked group has a track record of not only spying on
these but also "foreign corporations with a vested interest in
Vietnam's manufacturing, consumer products, and hospitality sectors",
according to Thailand's CERT.
"In the last year, espionage, and more specifically, intelligence
collection, has been a far more common goal than destructive attacks,"
said Microsoft in its report, focusing on state threats to cyber
security in general rather than Vietnam specifically. "While nations
other than Iran mostly refrained from destructive attacks, they did
continue to compromise victims that would be prime candidates for
destructive attacks if tensions increased to the point where
governments made strategic decisions to escalate cyber warfare."
Alongside Vietnam as a newer entrant to the ranks of state-backed
threats was Turkey, singled out for hacking Middle Eastern and Balkans
telcos. Threat group UNC1326 (aka SeaTurtle) was previously reported
on in depth by Cisco Talos in 2019, which pointed out that SeaTurtle
was targeting "national security organisations in the Middle East and
North Africa" that wanted to gain "persistent access to sensitive
networks and systems."
Microsoft said SeaTurtle was "most heavily focused on countries of
strategic interest to Turkey including Armenia, Cyprus, Greece, Iraq,
and Syria," scanning for exploitable remote code vulnerabilities in
its targets' networks.
Aside from the state-backed threats, the Microsoft report noted that
ransomware criminals were most likely to target retail, financial
services, government and healthcare orgs, with the US being their
number one target nation. The next unluckiest countries as far as
ransomware was concerned were China, Japan, Germany and the United
Arab Emirates.
"Fewer than 20 per cent of our customers are using strong
authentication features like multifactor authentication," groaned
Redmond in its closing remarks, noting that offering MFA "for free"
wasn't spurring companies and other organisations into enabling it.
If they did, Microsoft thinks its security customers would "be
protected from over 99 per cent of the attacks we see today."
Something worth thinking about next time your users are moaning about
password policies
 

Nagorno-Karabakh War: One year since Armenia, Azerbaijan’s last conflict


Sept 27 2021



A still image from a video released by the Azerbaijan’s Defence Ministry shows members of Azeri armed forces firing artillery during clashes between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the territory of Nagorno-Karabakh in an unidentified location, in this still image from footage released September 28, 2020
(photo credit: DEFENCE MINISTRY OF AZERBAIJAN/HANDOUT VIA REUTERS)

September 27, 2021, marks a year since the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan broke out over the disputed Nagorno-Karabakh region, a conflict lasting a little over a month with severe geopolitical ramifications that continue to unfold.
The conflict is rooted in longstanding border disputes between the two Caucus-region neighbors. The Nagorno-Karabakh region was under Armenian control but claimed by Azerbaijan. Though the Azeri claim was recognized internationally, the region was de facto governed by the Armenian-backed breakaway state called Artsakh, also known as the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh.
The two nations have fought before over the region, with a seven-year war breaking out between 1988 and 1994 before it was ended by a ceasefire. However, simmering tensions always remained high between the two countries.
On September 27, 2020, fighting erupted again between the two. Soon, martial law was declared and both sides began mobilizing their armies. 
The war itself was characterized by two notable factors: geopolitical complexity and the widespread use of drone warfare.

Armenian artillery is seen near Nagorno-Karabakh’s boundary, April 8, 2016 (credit: REUTERS)

Drones were heavily used by the Azeri forces, compared to a comparatively greater emphasis on artillery by Armenia. This allowed the Azeris to inflict severe damage on Armenian tanks, defenses, artillery and personnel.
Using drones also gave the Azeris an edge in reconnaissance, allowing them a greater tactical advantage in outmaneuvering Armenian forces.
Both sides also utilized disinformation campaigns and cluster munitions – something banned by most countries but not by the two parties in question – including against civilian areas. 
In terms of geopolitical complexity, the conflict saw the involvement of many other regional and global powers. Specifically, Azerbaijan saw heavy support from Turkey, while Armenia saw considerable support from Russia, not to mention the alleged use of foreign mercenaries and militia groups.
ISRAEL CAME under particular criticism for its involvement. Although the Jewish state has strong ties with both nations, it was criticized for supplying military equipment and drones to the Azeri army.
Reports by Itai Anghel on Channel 12’s Uvda program, as well as an international arms sales report by SIPRI, illustrate how important Israeli arms sales to Azerbaijan have been over the last decade.
Israel was the source of 69% percent of Azerbaijan’s arms imports over the last five years, the report said, and Anghel revealed the large role that Israeli drones like the Harop played in the war between Azerbaijan and Armenian fighters last year.
Azerbaijan was also believed to have utilized the Orbiter 1K, an Israeli drone made by Aeronautics which the Drone Databook in the US asserts was sold to the country in 2011. It is what is called a “loitering munition,” which means it is designed more like a cruise missile to slam into a target and self-destruct on impact. Some media call them “kamikaze drones” or “suicide drones.”
Due to disinformation efforts, it is unclear how many casualties were suffered by both sides, though it is estimated by many that they were in the low thousands, with Armenia suffering more casualties. Nonetheless, civilians on both sides suffered, with many having been displaced after civilian territories were struck by artillery and drones.

Ultimately, the war ended via a Russia-brokered ceasefire as the territory changed hands.
The war was considered largely a victory for Azerbaijan. The Azeri managed to liberate considerable territory that had been in Armenian hands since the 1990s. The end of the war saw widespread celebrations break out in Azerbaijan, while reactions in Armenia have been considerably less positive. 

Geopolitically, however, the war may have seen Azerbaijan win on the battlefield, but gave Russia control of the ceasefire and, as a result, control of the strategically important Lachin corridor, which in turn boosts Moscow’s own presence in the region.
Beyond geopolitical implications, the war also showcased the relevance of drone warfare. Azerbaijan is an energy-rich nation, and as a result, its superior military budget gave it a significant advantage over Armenia.
However, this does not extend to just drone warfare.  As noted by British think-tank the International Institute for Strategic Studies, other factors may have played a role as well, such as a more professionalized Azeri army better adapted to modern warfare.
Overall, the Nagorno-Karabakh War was one of the first modern conflicts to truly showcase how drone warfare and modern tactics are changing the landscape of the battlefield. And as drones gain more prominence on the battlefield, especially in the Middle East, this may be the war’s most significant implication going forward.
Seth J. Frantzman contributed to this report.



Armenia’s CB President participates in online int’l research conference hosted by Philippines Central Bank

Save

Share

 10:59, 28 September, 2021

YEREVAN, SEPTEMBER 28, ARMENPRESS. President of the Central Bank of Armenia Martin Galstyan participated in an online international research conference organized by the Central Bank of the Philippines on September 27, the CBA said.

The conference titled “Shifting Gears, Changing Lanes: Central Banking in a Post-Covid Economic World” touched upon the enduring impact of COVID-19, new monetary policy era for emerging markets, forecasting future crises, and payment innovation, financial inclusion and financial stability risks.

The Armenian Central Bank President delivered speech on topic of new monetary policy era for emerging markets.

The conference was attended by top officials from central banks in Asia, Europe and the US.

 

Editing and Translating by Aneta Harutyunyan

Ilham Aliev voices claims against Russian peacekeepers and mediators

Caucasian Knot, EU
Sept 27 2021

Russian peacekeepers let foreigners enter Nagorno-Karabakh, despite the ban imposed by the authorities of Azerbaijan, the President of Azerbaijan has claimed in his interview to the “Anadol” agency.

In the interview posted today on the website of the Turkish “Anadolu” agency Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliev states that Baku assesses positively the presence of Russian peacekeepers in Nagorno-Karabakh, although the Azerbaijani authorities have a number of complaints about their activities.

According to Ilham Aliev, the Russian peacekeepers do not prevent foreign citizens from entering the region, despite the ban imposed by the Azerbaijani authorities. The politician points out that issue has been repeatedly raised in negotiations with the Russian side, but the problem has been not resolved. “Because Karabakh is our territory. No foreign citizens or vehicles can enter these areas without our permission,” Ilham Aliev said.

Meanwhile, he has emphasized that such illegal raids are registered extremely rarely and that Moscow fully recognizes the Baku’s rights to those lands.

This article was originally published on the Russian page of 24/7 Internet agency ‘Caucasian Knot’ on September 27, 2021 at 06:54 pm MSK. To access the full text of the article, click here.

Author: The Caucasian Knot;

Source: 
© Caucasian Knot

University of California Approves Blair’s Armenian Academy IB Literature Class; Added to A-G List with Honors Weight

Pasadena Now, CA
Sept 29 2021


The Armenian Academy at Blair High School (BHS) Armenian International Baccalaureate (IB) Literature Class has been officially approved by the University of California. It has been added to the A-G list with Honors weight. It is the FIRST of its kind in the world approved by the IB Organization outside of Armenia. PUSD congratulates the Armenian Academy at Blair for this spectacular achievement. ~ Brian McDonald, Ed. D – PUSD Superintendent

California State Superintendent of Public Instruction, Tony Thurmond, is making a special visit to Blair this Thursday because he has heard “great things about Blair”. He will be seeing the amazing International Baccalaureate Program BHS have and the dynamic international community that exists here. The Armenian Academy is proud to be part of such an outstanding school. Applications of Interest for the 2022-2023 school year are open. 6th-12th grades. Any student from ANY city welcome. www.armenianacademy.org

Armenian Academy at Blair. (Credit: Maro Najarian Yacoubian Facebook page)

 

A peek into Ms. Linda Kalachian’s wonderful class. Students are working in groups on Google slides to create presentations on Hripsime church. Ms. Linda is always filling the room with Armenian spirit! (Credit: Maro Najarian Yacoubian Facebook page).

Blair High School, 1201 S. Marengo Avenue, Pasadena, (626) 396-5820 or visit www.pusd.us/site/Default.aspx?PageID=55.

Asbarez: ‘I Will Always Stand With the People of Armenia and Artsakh,’ Schiff Says On Anniversary

Rep. Adam Schiff

WASHINGTON—Congressman Adam Schiff issued a statement on Monday marking the one-year anniversary of the six-week war in Nagorno-Karabakh.
 
“One year ago today, an autocrat facing domestic discontent chose to provoke war with a peaceful neighbor. Over 44 days, Azerbaijani forces targeted and murdered many innocent civilians in Artsakh, and displaced tens of thousands more. The war created a mass humanitarian disaster and robbed countless ethnic Armenian families at home and abroad of their fathers and mothers, brothers and sisters, sons and daughters,” said Schiff.
 
“Despite a ceasefire agreement, Azerbaijani aggression against the people of Artsakh and Armenia continues. Dozens of Armenian soldiers remain illegally detained and subject to torture, while thousands of innocent civilians still live in danger due to the continued and unprovoked threats in Nagorno-Karabakh,” added Schiff.
 
“Now more than ever, we must recommit ourselves to doing everything possible to bring liberation and peace to the region. We must continue to demand Azerbaijan immediately and unconditionally return all prisoners of war and captured civilians. We must continue to urge the Biden administration to withhold U.S. assistance from the Aliyev regime and to reinvigorate the peace process. And we must further strengthen and support democracy in Armenia and a free, independent Artsakh,” explained Schiff.
 
“I will always stand with the people of Armenia and Artsakh,” concluded Schiff.



St. Peter Armenian Church in Van Nuys vandalized

Save

Share

 16:42,

YEREVAN, SEPTEMBER 24, ARMENPRESS. The St. Peter Armenian Church in the San Fernando Valley, California, was vandalized on Thursday, with an assailant observed shattering eight very rare stained glass windows of the church, located on 17231 Sherman Way in Van Nuys, Asbarez reports.

St. Peter parish priest Archpriest Fr. Shnork Demirjian said in a telephone interview the security footage revealed that at around 1:30 a.m. Thursday the assailant was clad in black and carrying a bag, put on a cap and with a baseball bat began breaking the stained glass windows, on the Sherman Way side of the compound.

Father Demirjian and the church board became aware of the vandalism in the early hours of Thursday and immediately informed the Los Angeles Police Department, which said it is actively investigating the incident. According to Father Demirjian, the police have categorized the incident as “vandalism.”

 

No prison time for attack on Armenian protesters

Sept 22 2021

A Fresno man will not go to prison for his attack on Armenian protesters who blocked traffic near River Park last year.

Jaime Fonseca claimed self-defense and a jury couldn’t reach a unanimous decision on whether he committed an assault, so the conviction and punishment came down to a plea deal.

Cell phone video shows Jaime Fonseca slashing a sign and going toe-to-toe with people protesting Azerbaijan’s aggression in Armenia.

A man walked away gripping his right forearm after Fonseca slashed him too, one of two people to suffer injuries at Fonseca’s hand.

Fonseca’s defense in court was that he was one of the first people stuck in traffic because the protest blocked Blackstone.

“I think it does, to a certain extent, start with the decision to block traffic,” said public defender Jason Westerfeld. “That’s what kind of kept Mr. Fonseca there. That’s what kept him there unable to leave.”

Fonseca got out of his car more than once before heading for the sign with a knife and a large stick.

Prosecutors say he was not provoked in any meaningful way.

“There were a number of other alternatives that he could have exercised that did not need to result in the stabbing of two victims,” said depity district attorney Alison Wilson.

After a hung jury at trial, Fonseca agreed to plead “no contest” to one count of assault with a deadly weapon.

A judge said he understood why someone would get frustrated, but the 41-year-old was responsible for the incident turning violent and there’s no excuse for that.

He noted no violence in Fonseca’s history, though, and agreed to give him no more than a two-year prison sentence.

“I think it would send a significantly damaging message to the community were the Court to say ‘If you get stuck in a traffic jam and you’re frustrated, go ahead and take out those frustrations at the point of a knife,'” said Judge Jonathan Conklin.

Fonseca has already served about eight months in jail.

The judge could’ve sent him to prison for less than three months, but gave Fonseca probation instead, with the understanding that if he commits another crime, he’ll go to prison for two full years instead of just the remaining 77 days.