Author: Karapetian Hovik

CTV.ca

Remembering for the future

By Hilary Earl, Special to CTV.ca

April 24, 2005 marks the 90th anniversary of the Armenian genocide. On
this day in 1915, the Young Turk Government rounded-up elite members
of the Armenian community in the Turkish capital of Constantinople and
thereby set in motion the genocide.

The round up of the Armenian intelligentsia was, as one witness
observed, the preliminary step in the murder of an entire nation.

During the next few years nearly a million Armenian men, women and
children were identified, deported and murdered. The tragedy that
befell the Armenian people (an Orthodox Christian group that had
resided in eastern Turkey for centuries) during World War I is
historically significant, as it was the first genocide of the
twentieth century and thus ushered in the modern world.

For such a historically important event, it is surprising that until
relatively recently, it was also a forgotten history.

Unlike the Holocaust, the Armenian genocide has never permeated the
consciousness of the public. Auschwitz is a symbol of the Nazi
genocide of Europes Jews. Yet, there is no such comparable metaphor
for the murder of Turkeys Armenian population in 1915.

Why? In part, because of Turkeys national amnesia, but also because
the world has chosen to forget as well. Why should we remember an
event that took place nearly a century ago?

What relevance does it hold for the people of the twenty-first
century?

The answer is obvious. The lost history of the Armenian genocide is
one of those instances that prove the veracity of that old adage about
forgetting history and repeating it. Sadly, it seems we have not
learned the lessons of the past. The twentieth century, more so than
all others, was a century of war and genocide and the twenty-first
century has started out no more peacefully. Forgetting the past has
not prevented genocide in the present, nor has it helped the victims
come to terms with their past, perhaps the solution, then, is
remembering.

Overcoming the past is no simple feat as Germans can attest, but it is
crucial to confront (and remember) if countries such as Turkey want to
move forward.

Acknowledging past transgressions can help provide a solid moral
footing for the youth of a modernizing country such as contemporary
Turkey. More importantly, I would suggest that victims are entitled to
the opportunity to heal and that the silence that has characterized
the past century is tantamount to re-victimization. We must
acknowledge the crimes of the past so that the victim group has the
opportunity they were denied nearly a century ago, to face the
psychological consequences of their traumatic history and build a new
future.

As leaders in the movement for international justice Canadians have an
obligation to remember the past so that they will know how to contend
with such crimes if they occur again. Justice was not done nearly a
century ago; perhaps it is this generations duty to rectify the
mistakes of the past so that the victims and the world can move
forward.

Hilary Earl is Assistant Professor of History at York University in
Toronto. She studies contemporary genocides.

UNION OF COMMUNIST PARTIES ASSESS STATE COUPS IN GEORGIA, UKRAINE AND
KYRGYSTAN AS EXPANSION OF WORLD IMPERIALISM

YEREVAN, APRIL 22. ARMINFO. The Union of Communist Parties condemns
the methods and mechanisms of state coups in Georgia, Ukraine and
Kyrgyzstan. First Secretary of the Central Committee of Armenia Ruben
Tovmasyan informed ARMINFO on his arrival from Moscow yesterday.

Leader of Armenian communists pointed out that those so-called
revolutions bore no relations with socialist revolution, basis of
social justice, which the communists fight for. Those revolutions
display the West’s aspiration to take advantage of the temporary
weakness of Russia, he thinks. All the so-called velvety revolutions
were based on proteges and the capital of the West, and not only the
Soros Foundation but also the first persons of the USA are engaged in
it, with the speech of Rice in Moscow being an evidence of it,
Torosyan explains. He added that the American rulers, who had made
Iraq into a slaughter- house had no moral right to speak of democracy.

However, the leader of Armenian communists is far from being
pessimistic. He says that a wave of protest is rising in Russia and
the successes of the united opposition of CPRF and Motherland parties
at the elections in Voronezh and Yaroslavl regions are an evidence of
it. Tovmasyan expressed confidence that with CPRF’s coming to power
Russia will restore its former geopolitical positions.

Norwegian Refugee Council spends $10m on projects in Azerbaijan

AzerNews, Azerbaijan
April 21 2005

The Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) Baku office has spent $10 million
on various projects in Azerbaijan so far, head of the office Berit
Olsen told a news conference on Monday dedicated to the 10-year
activity of the NRC office in the country.

Olsen said the NRC office will rehabilitate 8 public buildings and 8
schools and improve living standards of 2,500 internally displaced
persons (IDPs) in Azerbaijan in 2005. Fifteen houses in Gadabay
District bordering on Armenia will be restored for their residents to
return home, she said.
Olsen noted that the NRC will implement a series of projects in
Azerbaijan this year, such as the “Dentistry assistance program” for
Azeri children. Another project called “Teaching human rights” worth
$383,000 envisages stepping up human rights awareness in the
country’s schools attended by refugees and IDPs.
Olsen pointed out that the Council also plans to realize an education
and food distribution program for Chechen children settled in
Azerbaijan within the “Teaching human rights” project. According to
NRC estimates, there were 583 Chechen children, born between 1987 and
1998, in Baku as of March 2005.
The Norwegian Refugee Council, operating in Azerbaijan since 1995,
was founded in Oslo in 1946 to provide assistance to refugees and
IDPs and step up their protection internationally. The NRC has
assisted 75,000 displaced persons, refugees and local residents in
the country thus far.

Turkey confirms contacts with ‘unwilling’ Armenia

Agence France Presse — English
April 22, 2005 Friday

ISTANBUL April 22 — Turkish Foreign Minister Abdullah Gul on Friday
urged him his Armenian counterpart Vardan Oskanian to respond to
good will gestures he made at unofficial meetings between the two
countries that have no diplomatic relations.

“I’ve met the Armenian foreign minister six times, it’s no secret. We
have no diplomatic relations but we do have contacts,” said Gul.

Turkish daily Milliyet Friday said meetings had been held over the
past three years in neutral locations with the aim of establishing
a raft of ten confidence-building measures between the two.

Relations between Turkey and Armenia have been dogged by, among other
events, the mass killings of Armenians during the fall of the Ottoman
Empire (the predecessor of modern Turkey) 90 years ago.

Armenians say up to 1.5 million of their kinsmen perished in
orchestrated killings between 1915 and 1917 as the Ottoman Empire,
was falling apart.

Ankara counters that 300,000 Armenians and thousands of Turks were
killed in “civil strife” during World War I when the Armenians rose
against their Ottoman rulers and sided with invading Russian troops.

“We have made one gesture after another, but they have not
reciprocated. They too (the Armenians) have to take steps,” said Gul.

Gul pointed to the opening of air routes between the two countries
as one gesture made by Turkey, and a regional trade initiative for
Black Sea cooperation as another.

“In Turkey there are 40,000 Armenians working and saving money to
send home,” said Gul.

Turkey wants Armenia to hand back the Nagorny Karabakh enclave to
Azerbaijan. Armenia seized the Armenian majority territory in 1994
after a regional conflict with Azerbaijan.

Turkey recognised Armenia on its 1991 independence but has never
established diplomatic relations with it. Ankara closed its frontier
with Armenia in 1993 in solidarity with Turkish-speaking Azerbaijan.

ARKA News Agency
April 22 2005

RA President discusses programs on Armenian -French economic
cooperation in France

RF State Duma adopts statement on 90th anniversary of Armenian
Genocide

Armenian President, French Co-Chair of OSCE Minsk Group discuss
Nagorno-Karabakh settlement

Catholicos of All Armenians Garegin the Second received the
ex-president of Poland

Presentation of a collection “Three Attempts of European Integration”
takes place in Yerevan

Vice-speaker of RF State Duma Georgi Boos awarded memorable cross of
Russian-Armenian University

*********************************************************************

RA PRESIDENT DISCUSSES PROGRAMS ON ARMENIAN -FRENCH ECONOMIC
COOPERATION IN FRANCE

YEREVAN, April 22. /ARKA/. RA President Robert Kocharyan discussed
programs on Armenian -French economic cooperation in France.
According to RA President’s Press Service Department, Kocharyan met
French Prime Minister and Presidents of Credit Agricole Bank and
Alcatel Company. In the course of the meeting, in particular, they
discussed issues of activation of the work of the above-mentioned
companies in Armenia. Also perspectives of cooperation in tourism
industry were considered, in regard with which it was noted that
French experts were ready to make specific offers.
To note, a meeting of Kocharyan with the President of France Jaques
Shirak is planned for this evening. After the meting the Presidents
will visit the memorial to Komitas in the center of Paris and will
put wreaths in memory to the victims of the Armenian Genocide in
Ottoman Turkey. A.H. –0–

*********************************************************************

RF STATE DUMA ADOPTS STATEMENT ON 90TH ANNIVERSARY OF ARMENIAN
GENOCIDE

YEREVAN, April 22. /ARKA/. The RF State Duma adopted a statement on
the occasion of the 90th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide. The
official website of the RF State Duma reports that the text of the
resolution has been put on the agenda of the RF State Duma at the
proposal of the Duma Committee for CIS Affairs and Ties with
Compatriots. Three hundred and ten parliamentarians voted for the
statement, with no cons or abstentions. According to the document,
“the State Duma expresses its profound condolence to the fraternal
Armenian people.” The statement proposes that the international
community commemorate this sad date.
On April 14, 1995, the RF State Duma adopted a statement condemning
the Armenian Genocide in 1915-1922. In the statement the RA State
Duma condemned the organizers of the Armenian massacre and expressed
its condolences to the Armenian people, considering April 24 as a Day
in memory of the Genocide victims. P.T. -0–

*********************************************************************

ARMENIAN PRESIDENT, FRENCH CO-CHAIR OF OSCE MINSK GROUP DISCUSS
NAGORNO-KARABAKH SETTLEMENT

YEREVAN, April 22. /ARKA/. RA President Robert Kocharyan held a
meeting with French Co-Chairman of the OSCE Minsk Group Bernard
Facet. The RA presidential press service reports that the sides
discussed the current stage of the Nagorno-Karabakh settlement
process.
President Robert Kocharyan is on a three-day working visit to Rome.
P.T. -0–

*********************************************************************

CATHOLICOS OF ALL ARMENIANS GAREGIN THE SECOND RECEIVED THE
EX-PRESIDENT OF POLAND

YEREVAN, April 22. /ARKA/. Catholicos of All Armenians Garegin the
Second received the ex-President of Poland, Laureate of Nobel Prize
M. Lech Valensa. According to Holly See of Etchmiadzin, in the course
of the meeting Catholicos emphasized that the friendship between the
Polish and Armenian nations formed already in the Middle Ages, when
the first Armenian colony was founded in Poland. The Saint Patriarch
expressed his gratitude to the people of Poland and the authorities
of the country for recognition and condemning the genocide by the
Polish Seim on the threshold of the 90th anniversary of the tragedy.
“By your presence you confirm that genocide has no limitation in
time, territory and nationality and that it’s a crime against
humanity and is worth condemning all the time”, he emphasized.
A.H.-0–

*********************************************************************

PRESENTATION OF A COLLECTION “THREE ATTEMPTS OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION”
TAKES PLACE IN YEREVAN

YEREVAN, April 22. /ARKA/. Presentation of a collection “Three
Attempts of European Integration” took place in Yerevan. The
collection is compiled by the Investigative Journalists’ Research
Center “Region” under the project “Caucasus Way to Europe: Three
Attempts of European Integration” with the support of the Delegation
of European Commission in Georgia and Armenia. The book is published
in Russian and English and includes series of interviews with leaders
of political parties of the three countries of South Caucasus
countries (10 interviewed figures from each country), fragments from
discussions during online conferences devoted to the issue of
integration, and analytical articles of three experts from Armenia,
Azerbaijan and Georgia. The Director of the Center Laura Baghdasaryan
noted that in the course of the project an attempt was made to
collect various opinions in the region regarding the European
integration of the South Caucasus countries. According to her, the
choice of the way, though with various accents, unites the three
Transcaucasian countries.
According to the Head of the Yerevan Office of the Delegation of
European Commission in Georgia and Armenia Alexis Loeber, this is the
second project of the European Commission, and “we adhere to
cooperation between the representatives of the three countries”.
“Since closing of the roads between the countries hinders the
immediate communication, then Internet becomes an important link”, he
said. A.H. –0–

*********************************************************************

VICE-SPEAKER OF RF STATE DUMA GEORGI BOOS AWARDED MEMORABLE CROSS OF
RUSSIAN-ARMENIAN UNIVERSITY

YEREVAN, April 22. /ARKA/. Co-chairman of the Board of Trustees of
Russian-Armenian (Slavonic) University (RAU), Vice-Speaker of RF
State Duma Georgi Boos was today awarded Memorable Cross of RAU. As
Armen Darbinyan, the rector of RAU stated at the awarding ceremony,
just thanks to efforts of Boos, the construction of the new sports
complex of the University and large-scale construction and repair
work became possible. He also noted that the idea of creation of
Russian-Armenian University itself could have remained undecided
without the support of Georgi Boos.
In his turn, Boos thanked Darbinyan for the trust and expressed hope
that he will be able to contribute to “scientific and cultural center
of Armenia”- RAU in future as well. L.V.–0–

*********************************************************************

‘Mothers threw their children in the lake rather than let the Turks have them’
By Jeremy Page and Anthony Browne

The Times, UK
April 22 2005

Ninety years on, Armenian massacres are still causing political fallout

VARAZDAT was six when his family were driven from their home by
Turkish troops in 1915. But even 90 years after Ottoman troops began
the slaughter of up to 1.5 million Armenians, fear still flickers in
his eyes.

As the family and 200,000 other Armenians fled east from their homes
in Van, near modern Turkey’s eastern border, Turk and Kurdish forces
opened fire from both sides. “They killed so many. Mothers threw their
children in the lake. They said it was better to drown them than let
the Turks have them,” Varadzat Harutyuniyan told The Times.

Mr Harutyuniyan will join 1.5 million Armenians on Sunday in a march
through Yerevan to mark the 90th anniversary of what many countries
call the Armenian genocide. It will be the biggest event so far in
a campaign to force Turkey to recognise the massacres as genocide,
and to open diplomatic ties – and its border – with Armenia before
joining the EU. And as Ankara prepares to begin EU entry talks in
October, the Armenians are winning international sympathy.

“We remember the past with pain, but without hatred,” President
Kocharyan of Armenia told a conference on genocide this week. “For
us it is difficult to comprehend the response of the Turkish side,
which is represented not only by the denial of the past but also by
the blockade of modern Armenia.”

On April 24, 1915, the Young Turk regime had 200 prominent Armenians
arrested at the start of what Armenians call a programme to eliminate
them from the crumbling Ottoman Empire. About 1.5 million Armenians
were slaughtered by the Turks, or died of starvation and disease
during mass deportations between 1915 and 1918.

Turkey denies responsibility, saying 300,000 Armenians and 500,000
Turks died in inter-ethnic conflict after nationalist Armenians
sided with invading Russian troops. But a growing number of Western
governments are rejecting the official Turkish line. A European
diplomat described it as “baloney”.

On Tuesday Poland joined 15 countries, including France, Canada
and Switzerland, that have officially acknowledged the killings as
genocide – a move that Turkey denounced as irresponsible.

“The truth must come out,” said Lech Walesa, the former Polish
President, at this week’s conference. “It is a just claim of the
Armenians that Turkey’s entrance into the European Union should come
after admitting genocide.”

President Chirac of France has also insisted that Turkey recognises
the genocide before entering the EU – not least because 400,000
Armenians live in France. Britain and the US have yet to follow suit,
anxious not to upset a key Nato ally on the borders of Iraq. The
British Government, a strong supporter of Turkey’s EU membership,
says the issue is a “matter for historians” .

But the powerful Armenian diaspora has been energetically lobbying
the British Parliament and the US Congress, and pressing President
Bush to use the “g” word in his annual message to the Armenian people
on Sunday.

At the same time, pressure has been mounting within Turkey for a
review of its official history after decades during which any public
discussion of the issue was banned. Only last year the Government
adopted an amended penal code making it a criminal offence to promote
the idea that genocide had happened. In February the award-winning
Turkish novelist, Orhan Pamuk, told a Swiss newspaper that “one
million Armenians were killed in Turkey”, prompting one governor to
order his books to be burnt.

Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the Turkish Prime Minister, last week suggested
setting up a joint commission to study the genocide allegations.

For Armenians, however, the offer came far too late. History, they
say, is no longer up for debate. “I have no doubt the question of
genocide will be on the agenda for the talks between the EU and
Turkey,” said Vardan Oskanyan, the Armenian Foreign Minister. “We,
of course, would like the EU to put it forward as a condition.”

The risk, however, is that right-wing elements in the EU and Turkey
are now latching on to the issue to derail Turkey’s EU entry. On
Wednesday the head of the Turkish Armed Forces, General Hilmi Ozkok,
called on Armenia to drop the genocide allegations. The 1923 Lausanne
Treaty, which established modern Turkey, “put an end to the baseless
genocide claims politically and legally,” he said.

Turkey’s state archive put out a list last weekend of more than
500,000 Turks it said were massacred by Armenians.

Turkey’s state archive put out a list last weekend of more than 500,000
Turks it said were massacred by Armenians. For the few remaining
survivors of the massacres, time is fast running out. Last October
there were 289 living in Yerevan. Today there are only 200.

At 102 years old, Gulinia Musoyan is too frail to leave her bed. But
she is still determined to relate how Turkish soldiers forced her
from her home in Kessab, near the coast, and marched her barefoot
across the desert in 1915. “They were just forcing us to walk,” she
said. “We were so hungry and thirsty. At times I couldn’t walk at all.”

Of the 6,000 who left Kessab, only 2,000 survived.

DEATH MARCH

Up to 1.5 million people were killed or died during deportation
from Turkey between April 24, 1915 – when 200 prominent Armenians
were executed – and 1917 Up to a million Armenians were interned or
died on forced marches to Mesopotamia and modern Syria The event is
recognised as genocide by 15 countries including Russia, France and
Switzerland, but not by Britain or the US The diplomatic dispute
continues and the Turkish and Armenian borders remain closed

RA PRESIDENT: WE BECAME VICTIMS OF FIRST WORLD WAR THOUGH WE WERE NOT
INITIATORS OF THAT WAR

Pan Armenian News
20.04.2005 03:46

/PanARMENIAN.Net/ We pay tribute to the memory of vanished victims as
we commemorate the 90-th anniversary of the tragic events. We do it
with double pain, since we are still bound to continue the struggle
for the international recognition of the committed crime”, Armenian
President Robert Kocharian stated today at the opening ceremony of
the Ultimate Crime, Ultimate Challenge. Human Rights and Genocide
International Conference. The statement of the Armenian leader says,
“The First World War aimed at global re-distribution of the world and
the big ideological controversy of the 20-th century that followed
became the major obstacles to recognition of the legitimate rights
of the Armenian people. We became victims of the First World War even
though we were not the initiators of that war. And our right for the
memory was sacrificed to the Cold War even though we were not its
masterminds. When the planned policy of extermination of the Armenian
nation was executed the term “genocide” did not exist. Now was it
defined. There were no international structures that could serve as a
floor for the discussions to give a united response to that crime of
genocide. Obviously the world is changing. It took time for the world
to treat genocides as crimes against humanity with all the relevant
consequences. It took time to prevent the practice of sacrificing
fundamental humanitarian values to the geopolitical interests of
great powers and to include the moral considerations into foreign
policy making of the civilized world. The avenue of that change was
tragic for many peoples. For the Armenian people the price of that
change equals one and a half million of human lives.”

Armenia cooperates with NATO and Collective Security Treaty
By Tigran Liloyan

ITAR-TASS News Agency
April 19, 2005 Tuesday

YEREVAN, April 19 — Cooperation with NATO and with the Collective
Security Treaty Organization are parts of Armenia’s national security,”
Serzh Sarkisyan, the Armenian defence minister and secretary of the
National Security Council, said at the national press club on Tuesday.

The minister believes, “There are no contradictions in this, the
more so as many member countries of the Collective Security Treaty
Organization cooperate with NATO.” The aims and programmes envisaged
by the plan of Armenia’s individual partnership with NATO “do not
contradict the republic’s cooperation with member countries of the
Collective Security Treaty Organization”.

The plan of Armenia’s individual partnership with NATO has not yet
been endorsed, Sarkisyan said, and the document presenting it will,
most probably, be referred to NATO headquarters in late April.

Armenia, the defence minister said, “has partnerly relations with
Russia.” Relations with the United States are developing normally.
“Military cooperation with the United States is deepening, ” the
minister said. At the same time, he found it difficult to name new
trends in military cooperation with the US side, which are now limited
to “training and refresher training of specialists and perfecting
participation in peacekeeping operations.”

Means of communications manufactured by Harris firm supplied to the
Armenian army in the framework of the United States military aid have
already been adopted for service, Sarkisyan said.

ARMENIAN HISTORIANS ENTER NEW STAGE OF ANNIHILATING GENOCIDE CONSEQUENCES
By Tatoul Hakobian

AZG Armenian Daily #070, 20/04/2005
Armenian Genocide

“Great Genocide. Truth and Condemnation” scientific conference
completed in a round table yesterday. Professor Nikolay Hovhanissian,
chairman of the Round Table, head of the Institute for Oriental Studies
at RA National Academy of Sciences, said that more attention should
be paid to the consequences of the Ammonia Genocide, i.e. moral,
territorial and financial as today’s Turkey will not recognize its
crime committed in 1915.

Hovhannisian stated that a large-scale movement denying the Jewish
Holocaust exists in the world and we should organize a front of the
nations that survived in the genocide.

Professor Alexander Manasian stated in his speech that by saying a
“genocide” we mean the massacres of the Turkish Armenians, while “in
1918, Turkey carried out another genocide out of its borders, in Baku,
the so-called “white genocide” that continued till the 90s.” Manasian
emphasized that “the idea of the Azerbaijani Armenians doesn’t exist in
our political conscience.” He added that the Genocide of the Armenians
continued till 80-90-ies, meaning the massacres in Baku and Sumgait.

Youri Aleksanian, a biologist, expressed concern that after the Turkish
Mskhets return to Javakhk “the Armenian state will be surrounded
by the Turkish circle.” He suggested to send an open letter to the
Turkish intelligentsia, the Turkish people and the state, requesting
“why they take the burden of a genocide on their shoulders.” “Why
the Turks took the burden of the Young Turks?” Aleksanian asked and
emphasized that “we should be neighbors with the Turks.” Aleksanian
made another observation asking: “Could we ask them to give us an
outlet to the Black Sea?”

Stepan Stepanian, political expert, said that we should enter a new
stage of annihilating the consequences of the genocide. He said that
even if Turkey recognizes and condemns the genocide we will have no
positive results and reminded that as a result of the massacres the
Armenians lost the greater part of their motherland.

Other historians also held speeches during the round table. Generally,
it was hard to understand what our historians wanted to say. There
was no coordinated approach during the discussions.

Today begins “Ultimate Crime, Ultimate Challenge, Genocide and
Human Rights” international scientific conference dedicated to 90th
anniversary of the Armenian Genocide. World known historians, human
rights protectors, statesmen and political figures will make speeches
at this conference.

Armenian speaker, European official discuss regional issues, democratic
reforms

Arminfo
15 Apr 05

YEREVAN

Armenia is fulfilling its commitments to the Council of Europe and
intends to complete all the legislative reforms this year, the speaker
of the Armenian National Assembly, Artur Bagdasaryan, said at a
meeting with the chairman of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council
of Europe [PACE], Rene van der Linden.

During the meeting, Bagdasaryan pointed out that at present, electoral
and constitutional reforms concerning human rights, the court system,
local government, as well as the determination of balance in the
powers of the legislative, executive and judicial authorities, are
taking place in Armenia. Bagdasaryan also pointed out that Armenia is
in favour of regional cooperation with neighbouring countries. Moreover,
the Armenian parliament is in favour of transforming the South
Caucasus parliamentary initiative into a South Caucasus parliamentary
assembly.

Touching on Turkey’s membership of the EU, Bagdasaryan noted the
importance of deepening democratic reforms in all the countries of the
region, as well as integrating it into the European Union, recognizing
the Armenian genocide in Ottoman Turkey in 1915, lifting the blockade
of Armenia and not using double standards.

The sides also discussed the issue of settling the Nagornyy Karabakh
conflict, which Armenia sees only in peaceful negotiations and
compromises.

In turn, Rene van der Linden noted the importance of fulfilling
commitments and promised to assist the development of interparliamentary
cooperation between the South Caucasus countries. The chairman of PACE
called for the process of reforms to be continued with the Venice
commission of PACE.

Touching on regional issues, Rene van der Linden described as
important the deepening of cooperation between the three countries of
the region and called for discussions about existing conflicts to be
continued.

The sides noted the importance of establishing a pact of peace and
stability in the Caucasus, which will help ensure regional security
and develop cooperation.

During the meeting, the sides also discussed issues of establishing
parliamentary relations between Armenia and Holland.