Author: Kalantarian Kevo

UPDATE 2-Vimpelcom buys Armenia telco for 382 mln euros
By Julie Tolkacheva
Reuters, UK
Nov 3 2006
MOSCOW, Nov 3 (Reuters) – Russia’s number two mobile phone firm
Vimpelcom (VIP.N: Quote, Profile, Research) outbid Abu Dhabi-based
Etisalat and Russian conglomerate Sistema (SSAq.L: Quote, Profile,
Research) to buy Armenian Armentel for 382 million euros ($488
million), Vimpelcom said on Friday.
Vimpelcom said in a statement that it had signed a deal to buy 90
percent of Armentel from Greece’s largest telecoms operator OTE
(OTEr.AT: Quote, Profile, Research) for 341.9 million euros for the
stake and assume around 40 million euros in net debt and obligations.
THE 21st CENTURY IN PICTURES
Power Politics
View Slideshow
Armentel is a fixed-line operator in Armenia with mobile licences on
the GSM, the world’s most widely used cell phone technology, and CDMA
standards, the dominant technology standard for U.S. cell phones. It
has 600,000 fixed-line subscribers and 400,000 GSM clients.
“With approximately 40 percent mobile market share, Armentel occupies
a strong position in the Armenian market and we will work to enhance
the position,” the statement quoted Vimpelcom Chief Executive
Alexander Izosimov as saying.
“It is a wonderful deal,” said Deutsche UFG analyst Alexei
Yakovitsky, adding that Armentel was acquired at 6 times 2005 EBITDA.
“This is very cheap.”
By 1540 GMT, Vimpelcom traded down 0.33 percent at $64.43.
Yakovitsky said the deal did not have much impact on the price as it
was about 3 percent Vimpelcom’s enterprise value of $15 billion.
“This is not a major deal, but it is good and is certainly value
accretive,” Yakovitsky said.
OTE bought Armentel in 1998 but said earlier this year it would sell
it because the unit was not in line with its strategic focus. In
June, OTE short-listed four bidders, including Etisalat and Sistema.
“It’s good news because OTE exited Armenia, a country away from its
core portfolio in the Balkans at a fair price,” HSBC Pantelakis
analyst Vangelis Karanikas said.
OTE shares rose 0.48 percent to close at 20.80 euros in Athens.
THE 21st CENTURY IN PICTURES
Power Politics
View Slideshow
The bidding was over on Sept. 18 and since then the market has been
rife with rumours as to who had won the tender.
The world mobile phone market is now short of acquisition targets
with cash-rich international majors hunting for purchases to expand
beyond their satiated markets.
Russian cellphone companies have joined the rush as local market
penetration reaches more than 100 percent.
Vimpelcom spokeswoman Yekaterina Osadchaya said that Vimpelcom, a
purely mobile phone firm, did not plan to sell the fixed-line part of
Armentel.
“When we bid for the company, we understood pretty well that the
fixed-line business is very important for it. We will try to combine
fixed-line and mobile services for the first time,” she said.
(Additional reporting by George Hatzidakis in Athens)

GROSS AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT OF ARMENIA GROWS BY 15.6% IN SEPTEMBER ON AUGUST 2006
Noyan Tapan
Nov 02 2006
YEREVAN, NOVEMBER 2, NOYAN TAPAN. In January-September 2006, the
gross agricultural output of Armenian made 370.6 bln drams (about
861.7 mln USD), remaining at the level of the same period of last
year. According to the RA National Statistical Service, the gross
agricultural output grew by 15.6% in September on August 2006. In the
first nine months of 2006, the gross output of livestock farming made
138,427.3 mln drams, exceeding by 6.7% the index of the same period
of 2005, while the gross output of plant cultivation made 232,140.7
mln drams, declining by 3.6% on the same period of last year. There
was a growth in the production volumes of main livestock farming
foodstuffs, except eggs. Meat and poultry production exceeded by
9.7 thousand tons or 15.1% the index of the same months of 2005,
milk production increased by 26.7 thousand tons or 5.1%.

RA DEFENSE MINISTRY REFUTED STATEMENTS BY AZERI MOD HEAD
PanARMENIAN.Net
01.11.2006 17:48 GMT+04:00
/PanARMENIAN.Net/ Safar Abiyev and Serge Sargsyan did not discuss the
“withdrawal of Armenian troops from the seized Azeri territories”
during the October 20 meeting at the Armenian-Azeri border. Abiev’s
statement does not correspond to reality, RA Defense Minister’s
Spokesman, Col. Seyran Shahsuvaryan told PanARMENIAN.Net. As it was
reported earlier Serge Sargsyan and Safar Abiyev discussed the issues
referring to control of borders and ceasefire maintenance.

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT OF EUROPEAN UNION OF RA FM IS APPOINTED CONSUL GENERAL OF ARMENIA TO LOS ANGELES
Azeri Press Agency, Azerbaijan
Oct 31 2006
(ArmInfo) – By the order of RA FM, Vardan Oskanyan, the Head of the
Department of the European Union of RA Foreign Ministry, Armen Liloyan,
is appointed today to the post of the Consul General to Los Angeles,
reports Trend.
As ArmInfo was told in the RA FM’s press-service, Armen Liloyan was
born in 1971 in Yerevan. He has graduated from the Yerevan State
University, the Faculty of Oriental Studies. He received the master’s
degree in the London Academy. A. Liloyan has been working in the
system of Armenia’s Foreign Ministry since 1995. He had been working
in the diplomatic mission to Great Britain in 1998-2002. A. Liloyan
heads the Department of the European Union since 2002.

CENTER FOR RESTORATION AND KEEPING MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS TO BE FOUNDED IN ARMENIA
Noyan Tapan
Nov 01 2006
YEREVAN, NOVEMBER 1, NOYAN TAPAN. On the initiative of the RA Ministry
of Culture and Youth Issues and the “Culture and Cooperation”
European association restoring musical instruments, education
programs for masters, restoring, keeping and making new musical
instruments, are being implemented in Armenia during the period of
time from September, 2006 till July, 2007. As Philip Backman, the
Chairman of the association, the National Histrionic Art Director of
Chalons-en-Champagne, stated at the October 31 press conference this
program was adopted by the European Commission and is being implemented
in member countries of the European Union. “The idea of implementing
the program in Armenia appeared a year ago, when I visited Armenia and
saw what good music and what good specialists the Armenians have,”
Ph.Backman stated. He mentioned that within the framework of the
program, the Yerevan Komitas Conservatory, Al.Spendiarian Opera
and Ballet Academic Theater, Philharmonic Orchestra of Armenia,
State Chamber Orchestra of Armenia as well as Aram Khachaturian
House-Museum will be their partners in Armenia. In Pl.Backman’s words,
it is envisaged to organize during a year European specialists’
short term missions to Armenia and Armenian masters’ long-term
missions to European countries. Besides, a center for restoration of
musical instruments will be founded in Armenia, workshops will open
and exchange of experience in making Armenian people’s instruments
with European masters will be organized. Pl.Backman also stated that
the Philharmonic Orchestra of Armenia participating in the concert
to take place in France in February, 2007, will perform with already
restored instruments.

AFTER FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL AUDIT RUSSIAN COMPANY VTB CAPITAL GIVES UP
INTENTION TO PURCHASE PROMETEY-KHIMPROM

YEREVAN, OCTOBER 27, NOYAN TAPAN. VTB Capital company – a subsidiary
of VTB Bank (Russia) gave up its intention to purchase and relaunch
the Vanadzor chemical enterprise – Prometey-Khimprom company. Chairman
of VTB Bank Armenia Alexander Vardanov stated this at the October 27
press conference. In his words, VTB Capital took this decision after
receiving the results of the financial and technical audits done by
several Russian audit companies. It was noted that the operation of
Prometey-Khimprom was not discontinued due to the negotiations on the
deal which have been conducted since May 2006.

A1+
ANACHRONISM ACCORDING TO CUNY
[03:43 pm] 27 October, 2006
Secretary of the Security Council adjunct to the RA President, Defense
Minister Serge Sargsyan received French Ambassador extraordinary and
plenipotentiary to Armenia in connection with fulfilling his
diplomatic mission.
Speaking about the relations between Armenia and France, the Minister
said that the visit of the French President was an important event in
the life of Armenia.
Henry Cuny informed that he highly appreciates the warm attitude of
Armenia towards his country and added, `I have a special attitude
towards the Armenians and their culture. I’m sure that next time I
visit your country the borders will be open. Closed borders are an
anachronism which is improper for c country which has applied to join
the European family’.

AZG Armenian Daily #205, 27/10/2006

Home
SPECIALISTS IN CRIME DETECTION CLAIM MOST PROBABLE CAUSE OF A320’S
CRASH WAS INTERFERENCE OF BRUTE FORCE
The New Times Party gathered yesterday representatives of all other
anti-crime parties and unions for a social discussion. Though there is
no official theory of the May 3 crash of Armenian A320 airline and the
investigation is still in process, the specialist in crime detection
are trying to incline the society to the last crash theory that is
widely circulating in the media these days. This theory claims that
the cause of the surprising crash was interference of brute force and
activities of a criminal group inside the plane. This allegation was
presented by Vladimir Poghosian, former pilot of naval aviation. In
his opinion, there was a scuffle at the VIP lounge of Zvartnots
Airport prior to the flight. But it remained within the airport
walls. The Flight Security service was unaware of the scuffle. The
Passengers’ luggage was not properly checked either. The clash did not
vapor aboard the plane. The situation on the plane prevented the
pilots to take sound decisions, and the plane ran out of
control. Besides, the pilots disregarded warnings of bad weather
conditions in Sochi airport.
In Aram Karapetian’s words, the Russian mass media confirms the theory
of brute force interference. The Russian media reports that before
plunging into the Black Sea a few passengers called their friends and
relatives saying that there was a fight even shooting on the plane.
Arshak Nalbandian, head of the Flight security Service of Armavia Air
Carrier, completely rejected this theory saying that the crew was in
normal working state. A flight attendant was gaily speaking and
laughing with the pilots a few minutes prior to the crash. Therefore
he rules out that there was a skirmish on the plane. He said that he
had not signed the preliminary conclusion of the International
Aviation Committee that places the blame on the crew.
The specialists in crime detection suggested setting an independent
commission of experts that will carry out its own investigation.
Vladimir Poghosian reminded that the opposition’s such proposal was
turned down as the National Assembly had an order from above. Thus,
there is someone who will be in disadvantage once the commission is
created. He also stated that he has facts proving his theory but will
make them public only after a commission is set. Arshak Nalbandian
added that Armavia is for creation of such a commission.
By Karine Danielian

SECURITY ON BORDERS PRIORITISES RUSSIA’S POLICY, PUTIN SAYS
ITAR-TASS News Agency, Russia
October 25, 2006 Wednesday 09:55 AM EST
President Vladimir Putin said ensure security on Russia’s southern
borders and improve the immigration policy are priority tasks.
In a question-and-answer televised conference with the nation on
Wednesday, Putin said, “This is our task and we should invest in it.
We’ll spend 500 million U.S. dollars to ensure security in the Caucasus
– from the Caspian Sea to the Black Sea.”
“The total number of immigrants in our country (it is impossible
to calculate them exactly) is about from 10 million to 15 million
people. This is enormous. In Western Europe the situation is the
same, maybe less – about 10-12 million of immigrants. We should
defend our southern borders and improve our immigration policy. This
is our priority task. In order to ensure security in the Caucasus –
from the Caspian Sea to the Black Sea we intend to spend about 500
million U.S. dollars,” President Putin stressed.
“It’ll take more time. But till the end of 2007 we’ll close the border
in full (for illegal penetration,” he added.
“We have a huge border with Central Asia. It is the most dangerous
direction. It is becoming the most dangerous track because of drug
trafficking and organised crime,” Putin pointed out.
The protection of borders “is our common task and our
responsibility. It needs money and time. We have plans and we’ll
carry them out,” the president said.
The changes in Russia’s law regulating migration problems will be a
base for pursuing the policy of so-called selective migration, Minister
of Public Health and Social Development Mikhail Zurabov said. On
October 5, President Putin demanded to protect domestic producers
from racket and toughen the visa regime towards foreign citizens who
violate Russia’s legislation. Putin instructed the prime minister to
adopt corresponding normative enactments on ensuring national security.
Russia ranks first after the United States in migration volume.
According to different sources, at present from 10 million to
20 million foreign citizens who have no registration stay in the
country. Not more than 700,000 people are officially registered.
About 80 percent of migrants living in Russia are citizens of the
former USSR – Armenia (about 2.5 million), Azerbaijan (2 million),
Ukraine (one million), Georgia (one million), Tajikistan (504,000),
Moldova (over 154,000), and Belarus (70,000). Guest workers from China,
Vietnam, Turkey and Afghanistan arrive in Russia most of all.
Most guest workers work in the Moscow region – about three million
people. Labour migrants work in the construction sector – 42 percent,
trade – 28 percent, transport – 5 percent, agriculture and forestry –
7 percent.
Director of the Federal Migration Service Konstantin Romodanovsky
said illegal migration poses a threat to Russia’s national security.
Annually migrants bring out over 10 billion U.S. dollars. Economic
damage caused by illegal migrants because of tax non-payment reaches
over eight billion U.S. dollars every year.
In recent years much attention has been riveted to illegal migration.
Despite the fact that the deportation of illegal migrants is rather
expensive (about 1,000 U.S. dollars per people), a total of 89,000
foreign citizens were deported in 2004. In 2005 over 1.5 million
foreign citizens and stateless persons brought for administrative
responsibility for the violation of migration legislation. In 2006
certain amendments were made into the law that toughen responsibility
for crimes related to illegal migration.
The demographic situation in the country is not easy. In order
to prevent the decrease in labour force it is necessary to involve
about one million migrants in Russia annually. At the end of 2005 the
experiment was conducted to announce migration amnesty in 10 Russian
regions. About 7,500 migrants were legalised. Migration amnesty was
announced for residents of CIS countries with which Russia has a visa
regime, with the exception of Georgia and Turkmenistan.
Migrants should be involved due to the Russian economy’s needs. In
order to legalise the movement of labour migrants the Federation
Migration Service created a central database in January 2006 to take
account of those foreign citizens who crossed the Russian border.

SIBEL EDMONDS VINDICATED? FBI REVEALS INVESTIGATION CONTINUES
By John Stanton – Online Journal Contributing Writer
Online Journal, Florida
Oct 25 2006
On October 10, FBI spokesman Bill Carter confirmed that matters raised
by Sibel Edmonds and shielded form public view by the invocation of
the US States Secret privilege were still under internal investigation
by the bureau.
“Due to the fact that the allegations of Sibel Edmonds reflect internal
administrative and investigative matters it would not be appropriate
to respond to your inquiry. I will point out that the DOJ Office of
the Inspector General has reviewed this matter and released a public
report. I would refer this report to you for your review.
The Inspector General’s report concluded that the FBI did not
adequately investigate allegations Ms. Edmonds made regarding
a co-worker. After the OIG’s initial classified report, the FBI
conducted further investigation into Ms. Edmonds’ allegations. That
investigation is continuing.”*
Back in March of 2002, Edmonds was released from the FBI over her
discovery of an array of espionage activities. Looking back, and
with the benefit of new information from the FBI and elsewhere, it
appears that the government of Turkey was spectacularly successfully
in compromising FBI, CIA, DEA, DIA and DOS operations, and was also
able to mount other espionage programs that allowed Turkish interests
to obtain assorted military and WMD technology know-how, and garner US
and Israeli military support for its bloody internal struggle against
its significant and much maligned Kurdish population/opposition.
The Turks: Masters of Espionage
The Turks would not have been successful in staging what may be
recorded as one of history’s finest intelligence coups had it not been
for many sympathetic US military personnel, bureaucrats and politicians
who, whatever their egotistical reasons, believed themselves to be
acting in the USA’s best interests. Certainly, no one can accuse them
of not effectively representing their powerful Turkish clients whether
in defeating US congressional action recognizing the Armenian Genocide
or ensuring that US corporations close lucrative deals in Turkey.
The sympathizers names are now overly familiar: Douglas Feith,
Brent Scowcroft, William Cohen, Richard Perle, Michael Leeden,
Bob Livingston, Marc Grossman, Paul Wolfowitz, Eric Edelman,
Richard Armitage, Donald Rumsfeld, Dick Cheney, Dennis Hastert, et
al. Rather than rehash their affiliations and track records here,
visit rightweb.irc-online.org to find out more about their linkages
to each other and Turkey (Israel, too).
The Turks knew it would take lots of cash to pull off such a scheme and
sustain it. The illicit drug trade provided an endless source of funds
to pay for WMD components, US defense technology, politicians, money
laundering schemes, counterterrorist operations, safe interrogation
houses, and dozens of front companies. Given Turkey’s solid reputation
as a key refining point/middleman for opium coming out of Afghanistan
(it is ultimately transported into the Balkans and on to Europe
and the USA), it is no surprise that the Turkish government always
seems to have a steady supply of cash to spread around. Perhaps it
is just coincidence, but under the watchful eyes of the Pentagon and
US law enforcement and intelligence agencies, opium crop production
in Afghanistan has increased over the last decade. The profits from
refining and distribution of the product have flooded the black
market — the playground for intelligence operatives and assorted
criminal enterprises.
Joltin’ Joe Ralston
Desmond Fernandes, has recently published an extraordinary piece,
titled “Turkey’s US Backed War on Terror: A Cause for Concern?”. The
information provided in this publication shows the lengths to which the
US and Turkey (and Israel) will go to keep some very nasty activities
quiet. One of the more interesting bits of news in the report is that,
at the invitation of the Turkish government, US and Israeli forces
are assisting the Turkish government in military operations against
the Kurdistan Workers Party (PPK) and the Kurdish people and their
culture. The US is ostensibly engaged in counter-narcotics operations
with the Turks.
Joseph Ralston, former USAF general and now Lockheed Martin
employee and American Turkish Council principal, is the special
envoy/coordinator for US-Turkey anti-Kurdish operations. In October
2006, the US Congress approved the sale of 30 of F-16 combat aircraft
worth $2.9 billion to Turkey.
The world has seen the effects of similar alliances on persecuted
people, most notably the tragic one between the US and Israel. That
template will now be applied in Turkey to manage the Kurds. It’s
their turn to be abused and pushed from their homelands by the
same methods and equipment used against the Palestinians (and now
the Iraqis). American leaders sanctioned the elimination of the
Palestinian leaders and their people, even groups freely elected like
Hamas. With eager US approval, Israeli military operations continue
unabated in Gaza and the West Bank into late 2006. US support for
Israel’s destruction of the Shia population in Lebanon during the
Hezbollah-Israeli conflict in 2006, along with decades of unswerving
support in the United Nations and the US Congress is notoriously
legendary. All this bodes ill for the Kurds.
And so it begins. According to kurdmedia.com, “the PKK — the most
prominent Kurdish freedom movement — declared a unilateral ceasefire
that went into effect on Sunday, 1 October. It still remains unilateral
– the entire Turkish establishment, from top general, Yasar Buyukanit,
to Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan, has rejected it, clearly
stating their determination to continue the war . . .
Joseph Ralston spoke for the US government when he indicated that
“a ceasefire sort of implies an act that is taken between two states,
two actors, to do that. And I don’t want to confer that kind of status
on the PKK by saying a ceasefire . . .”
According to Fernandes, “General Joseph W. Ralston, the US government’s
Special Envoy who is responsible for countering the terrorist PKK and
coordinating actions and eliminationist strategies with the Turkish
and Iraqi states . . . [He] . . . just so happens to be a member
of the Board of Directors of Lockheed Martin, the same corporation
whose deal for the sale of 30 F-16s [to Turkey] sits in the venerable
halls of Congress at this very moment.” F-16s it must be remembered,
were needed during Turkey’s genocidal War on Terror during the 1990s
because of their usefulness in obliterating Kurdish settlements,
killing civilians and terrifying Kurdish civilians.
It is widely known that the Turkish military used Lockheed Martin
F-16s to assist with the destruction of Kurdish villages in North
Kurdistan during the 1990s Dirty War, with the facts well documented
by human rights groups. In 1995, Human Rights Watch documented arms
sales to Turkey, along with related violations of the laws of war by
that state . . .”[It] included the many gross abuses that Turkey . .
. perpetrated against the Kurdish people [with] the F-16 fighter
jet figure[ing] prominently . . . In a report ordered by the [US]
Congress, the State Department admitted that the abuses included
the use of US Cobra helicopters, armored personnel carriers, and
F-16 fighter bombers. In some instances, critics say, entire Kurdish
villages were obliterated from the air.
“This proposed [new multi-billion dollar] sale in 2006, the
[Pentagon] has claimed, will enhance the Turkish Air Force’s ability
to defend Turkey, no doubt against its internal Kurdish threat in
[the Kurdish] colony in the southeast, and its external one in
southern Kurdistan/Northern Iraq . . . [The aircraft will be used to
patrol the] nation’s extensive coastline and borders against future
threats and to contribute to the Global War on Terrorism and NATO
operations . . . With this in mind, you should ask yourself what,
exactly, General Ralston is coordinating. We all know the real deal,
don’t we? We all know who have been the targets of those F-16s . . .”
Lt. Col. Dickerson: Human Hot Potato . . . Plame & Wilson: Spies
Like Us
On Monday, October 2, Captain Warren Comer (USAF, 374AW/PA, Yakota
Japan) indicated that the USAF could provide no further information
about Lieutenant Colonel Douglas Dickerson, a central figure in the
Edmonds’ matter. “Looking at your request, the only information that
I can confirm to you is what is written in the Fuji Flyer newspaper
that you read. For any other questions on this subject, please refer
to the FBI or the US State Department.”***
Taking Captain Comer’s advice, the US State Department was contacted.
On Tuesday, October 3, Ms Nancy L. Beck (US DOS, PACE) indicated that
“Responding to your inquiry, this is not a matter for the US Department
of State. Recommend you direct your question to the FBI or Department
of Justice.”
Dickerson was recently deployed to the Iraqi theater of operations
where he heads up logistics matters for an element of the USAF. His
handlers in the intelligence community apparently are happy about that
and so must be the public affairs personnel who don’t want anything
to do with him.
In 2002, Dickerson and his spouse, Melek Can, left the country for
Belgium and a quiet post with NATO after Edmonds exposed them as
Turkish operatives or, perhaps, US counterintelligence operatives.
Dickerson and his wife’s activities remain a mystery. According to
various reports, they were once stationed in Ankara, Turkey, in the
1990s, and had contact with Douglas Feith and Marc Grossman. Another
report indicated that in 1995, while in Turkey, Dickerson was the
subject of investigation for accepting money from foreign agents,
whereupon he was abruptly transferred to Germany. In 1999, Major
Douglas Dickerson returned to the United States. His wife, Melek Can
Dickerson, started to work for the American Turkish Council (atc.org)
and related Turkish American business groups.
In 2001, Dickerson was apparently given a position in the weapons
systems acquisition arena with the Pentagon and US Department
of State. Dickerson’s areas of responsibility supposedly included
Turkey, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan. He also
had dealings with Eric Edelman, formerly US Ambassador to Turkey and
now with the Pentagon’s Policy Organization. Dickerson was also active
with ATC and Scowcroft. He and his wife associated with several Turkish
and American individuals from the Turkish Embassy and the ATC. Many
of these folks were targeted by FBI counterintelligence for criminal
activity. But thanks to the Turkish government’s penetration of the
highest echelons of the US political / military / intelligence /
corporate apparatus, the Pentagon and US State Department forced the
FBI to back off any criminal investigations that may expose criminal
activity, and untidy and covert operations.
Finally, there’s the perplexing case of Valerie Plame and Joe Wilson.
According to dozens of media reports, Valerie Plame was introduced to
Joe Wilson by Brent Scowcroft at an ATC function. Shortly thereafter,
the pair was invited to a Turkish Embassy function. Quickly after that,
Plame’s CIA WMD operation (Brewster Jennings) was exposed by then
Under Secretary of State, Richard Armitage. Coincidently, Dickerson
was in close proximity to Plame and Wilson in the 1999-2002 timeframe
and the Pentagon and US State Department. It seems likely that only a
Turkish operative located somewhere in the US government/intelligence
community would have uncovered that information and disclosed it to
the Turks and their US sympathizers.
Was it Wilson? Dickerson? Armitage?
More fallout is to come from the Edmonds’ matter and the word in the
Washington, DC-Metro is that it will involve some individuals named
in this piece.
References
* Email to FBI PA Bill Carter from John Stanton. Thanks
to Mir Carter and the FBI, plus the reference to
usdoj.gov/oig/special/0501/index.htm. The CIA, DOD-IG, DEA and Turkish
Intelligence did respond.
** From the October 2006 electronic edition of Variant: Cross Currents
in Culture, No. 27, Winter 2006 variant.randomstate.org and from
Chapter 5 of the book by Desmond Fernandes and Iskender Ozden (2006)
US, UK, German and NATO ‘Inspired’ Psychological Warfare Operations
Against The Kurdish ‘Communist’ Threat in Turkey and Northern Iraq
(Apec Press, Stockholm)
*** 8.pdf
John Stanton is a Virginia based writer specializing in national
security and political matters. Reach him at [email protected]
an/publish/article_1355.shtml