Lavrov satisfied with activity of Russia-Armenia-Azerbaijan deputy prime ministerial working group

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 17:23,

YEREVAN, AUGUST 31, ARMENPRESS. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov says he is satisfied with the activity of the working group chaired by the deputy prime ministers of Russia, Armenia and Azerbaijan which deals with the unblocking of economic and transportation communications in South Caucasus.

“We hope that the activity of this working group and the communication unblocking would help not only the economic growth of the South Caucasus, but also will provide more reliable grounds for the political settlement and prosperity of the entire region”, the Russian FM said during a joint press conference with his Armenian counterpart Ararat Mirzoyan in Moscow.

 

Editing and Translating by Aneta Harutyunyan

Armenian FM, CSTO Gen-Sec discuss situation resulted by Azerbaijani invasion into Armenia’s sovereign territory

Armenian FM, CSTO Gen-Sec discuss situation resulted by Azerbaijani invasion into Armenia’s sovereign territory

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 19:43,

YEREVAN, AUGUST 31, ARMENPRESS. Foreign Minister of Armenia Ararat Mirzoyan, who is in Moscow on a working visit, met with CSTO Secretary-General Stanislav Zas.

As ARMENPRESS ws informed from the press service of the MFA Armenia, Ararat Mirzoyan and Stanislav Zas discussed in detail the regional and international developments that have a direct impact on the vital interests of the CSTO member states.

During the meeting, the interlocutors referred to the situation created by the penetration of the Azerbaijani armed forces into the sovereign territory of Armenia. Both sides stressed the need for a speedy resolution and de-escalation of the situation.

Ararat Mirzoyan stressed that the forthcoming chairmanship of Armenia over the CSTO will make active efforts to develop and strengthen the potential of the organization. Stanislav Zas assured that the CSTO Secretariat will make all the necessary efforts to advance the priorities of the Armenian chairmanship in the CSTO.

Armenian DM briefs Chinese Ambassador on situation in border regions

Aug 30 2021

Armenia’s Minister of Defense Arshak Karapetyan met with the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People’s Republic of China to the Republic of Armenia Fan Yong.

The Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People’s Republic of China congratulated Arshak Karapetyan on his appointment as Minister of Defense and wished him new success in his responsible state mission.

During the meeting, the the Defense Minister briefed the Ambassador on the regional situation, presented the recent developments in Armenia’s border regions.

The parties praised the Armenian-Chinese cooperation in political, economic, humanitarian, educational and other spheres. The process of bilateral cooperation in the field of defense and future programs were also discussed.

Russian peacekeepers practiced actions at observation post upon detection of drones in Artsakh

Panorama, Armenia
Aug 30 2021

As part of a routine combat training session, Russian peacekeepers conducted a drill to prevent possible violations using unmanned aircraft of a simulated enemy and ensure security at observation posts in the Lachin (Berdzor) corridor of Nagorno-Karabakh (Artsakh).

Training was held at six training locations. The servicemen practiced new tactics and actions when leaving the location, loading onto the BTR-82A armored personnel carrier, blocking the conditional intruder and maneuvering to the specified line, using the hidden folds of the terrain, as well as actions to prevent the peacekeepers from violating and a possible attack on the post, using the imitation means, the Russian Defense Ministry said in a statement on Monday.

A feature of the training was the fulfillment of tasks to detect an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in the area of responsibility of an observation post with the transfer of information to the command post of the Russian peacekeeping contingent through closed communication channels.

The training ended with a comprehensive training session with practical actions of military personnel and the development of tasks to maintain the combat readiness of the observation post.

Edmon Marukyan: ECHR judgement against Azerbaijan received

Panorama, Armenia
Aug 30 2021

The Chairman of ‘Bright Armenia’ party Edmon Marukyan informs that the judgement by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) against Azerbaijan involving Armenian prisoner Artur Badalyan has been received. 

“According to the ECHR procedures, the government of Azerbaijan has three-month period to appeal the judgment and request the case be referred to the Grand Chamber of the Court. If the case is not appealed by October 22, it will enter into force, otherwise we have to continue our struggle at the Grand Chamber. “I am confident we will win on this case there as well,” Marukyan wrote on Facebook, sharing the official letter received from the ECHR Registry. 

To remind, according to the ECHR judgement, issued in May 2021, Azerbaijan tortured and illegally deprived of liberty Armenian citizen Artur Badalyan, who had got lost and found himself on the territory of Azerbaijan.  Following his arrest by the Azerbaijani forces, the applicant was held captive for 22 months in different military facilities. He claimed that he was not given enough food and was often not allowed to go to the toilet, thus having to care for his needs in the cell. Moreover, he was subjected to harsh torture and mental anguish. The European Court obliged Azerbaijan to pay Badalyan €30,000 in non-pecuniary damage. 

Armenian minister, US Ambassador discuss opportunities of boosting cooperation in defense field

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 17:26,

YEREVAN, AUGUST 30, ARMENPRESS. Defense Minister Arshak Karapetyan received today the delegation led by US Ambassador to Armenia Lynne Tracy, the ministry told Armenpress.

The defense minister introduced the US Ambassador on the current situation in Armenia’s borders, stating that the Azerbaijani side is regularly taking provocative actions. Arshak Karapetyan reaffirmed the readiness of the Armenian side to solve the issues with peaceful means, at the same time highlighting the determination to protect the borders and territorial inviolability of Armenia.

The opportunities of giving new impetus to the Armenian-American cooperation in the defense field were also discussed.

The sides expressed readiness to continue the productive cooperation in areas of mutual interest.

 

Editing and Translating by Aneta Harutyunyan

Central Bank of Armenia: exchange rates and prices of precious metals – 30-08-21

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 18:00,

YEREVAN, 30 AUGUST, ARMENPRESS. The Central Bank of Armenia informs “Armenpress” that today, 30 August, USD exchange rate is down by 0.22 drams to 493.49 drams. EUR exchange rate is up by 1.82 drams to 582.27 drams. Russian Ruble exchange rate is up by 0.03 drams to 6.70 drams. GBP exchange rate is up by 1.87 drams to 678.70 drams.

The Central Bank has set the following prices for precious metals.

Gold price is up by 176.17 drams to 28535.13 drams. Silver price is down by 1.20 drams to 374.6 drams. Platinum price is down by 7.01 drams to 15723.28 drams.

Chess: Armenia’s Robert Hovhannisyan sole leader of European Individual Chess Championship after four rounds

Panorama, Armenia
Aug 30 2021

SPORT 14:31 30/08/2021 ARMENIA

Armenian GM Robert Hovhannisyan is the sole leader of the European Individual Chess Championship taking place in Reykjavik, Iceland after four rounds played.

He has scored 4 out of 4 points, the Chess Federation of Armenia reported on Monday.

Hovhannes Gabuzyan shares second place with 3.5 points. Gabriel Sargissian and Haik Martirosyan have scored 3 points apiece, while Samvel Ter-Sahakyan has 2.5 points.

The California Courier Online, September 2, 2021

1 –        Armenian Parliamentarians Brawl
            While the Barbarians are the Gates
            By Harut Sassounian
            Publisher, The California Courier
            www.TheCaliforniaCourier.com
2-         Pro-Government, Opposition Lawmakers Brawl In Armenian Parliament

3 –        Long-Time Community Activist, Benefactor

            Savey Tufenkian Passes Away

4-         COMMENTARY:

            The Afghan Crisis, Turkey, and Washington’s Global War on Terrorism

            By David Boyajian
5-         Armenia Continues Fight Against COVID-19

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1 –       Armenian Parliamentarians Brawl

            While the Barbarians are the Gates

            By Harut Sassounian
            Publisher, The California Courier
            www.TheCaliforniaCourier.com

Another appropriate title would have been, “Parliamentarians fiddle
while Armenia burns,” which is my version of the well-known historic
phrase, “Nero fiddles while Rome burns,” referring to Emperor Nero’s
inaction during a massive fire in Rome.

This is the tragic situation in Armenia. After losing a major portion
of Artsakh and the lives of thousands of young Armenians in last
September’s war, one would think that Armenians both in and out of
Armenia would rally together to lick their wounds, strengthen the
military and repulse the enemy’s further advances. Unfortunately, the
exact opposite is happening. The culprit is not Azerbaijan, Turkey,
Russia or anyone else, but us. We are unwilling to unify even in the
aftermath of a massive disaster. Before we blame anyone else, we need
to hold the mirror to our faces.

Ever since Armenia’s independence, we have been boasting that Armenia
has the most powerful military in the region, Azerbaijan would not
dare to attack us, and if it did, we would march into Baku. Before
last year’s war, Armenia’s Defense Minister David Tonoyan arrogantly
proclaimed: “New War, New Territories,” meaning that if Azerbaijan
attacked Artsakh, Armenia would conquer even more Azeri territories.

The former and current leaders of Armenia and Artsakh refused to make
any concessions regarding the territories surrounding Artsakh, unless
Azerbaijan first agreed to recognize Artsakh’s independence. Even
though the rest of the world was urging Armenia’s leaders to make
compromises and return at least some of the territories around
Artsakh, we dismissed all such suggestions. That is the reason why no
other country was willing to recognize the Republic of Artsakh. Even
Armenia itself refused to do so, expecting that others would defend
Artsakh’s interests ahead of us.

As a result, we squandered our unique chance to force Azerbaijan to
recognize Artsakh’s independence in the 1990’s, while the enemy was
defeated and weak.

Without getting into the meaningless debate of whether the former
leaders or the current one was responsible for our defeat in 2020, I
would say, we are all responsible for that disaster.

Since the end of the last war, Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan rejected
repeated suggestions that he resign and allow a new leader to take the
helm of the devastated state. He insisted that he is the only one who
can remedy the country’s massive problems. How could the one who was
in charge when the country suffered such a defeat be able to fix
anything? But, he stubbornly held on to his seat. Using the state
resources at his disposal, he managed to convince slightly over half
of those who participated in the election to support him and his
political party. In reality, most of those who voted for Pashinyan
actually voted against the former leaders. As expected, almost a year
after the war, not only Armenia’s problems have not been resolved, but
in many respects, they have become much worse.

While the former leaders were not well-liked during their reign, the
degree of antagonism and hatred that we see today in Armenia is
unprecedented. Regrettably, the current Prime Minister made matters
worse by constantly issuing threats and warnings against anyone who
disagreed with him. He started his rule by preaching democracy and
tolerance, but quickly became a dictator, dividing the public into
“blacks” and “whites, and shockingly, held up a hammer while on stage
during his recent electoral campaign threatening to smash the heads of
his opponents!

In such a toxic atmosphere, uniting the nation against the common
enemy is impossible. It is much easier to fight against your political
opponents. Neither the government nor the opposition is willing to
make any compromises to solve the country’s problems and defend the
homeland against further hostile incursions.

Not surprisingly, when Pashinyan came to the Parliament last week to
present his government’s five-year plan, several fistfights erupted as
a result of which the Chairman of the Parliament Alen Simonyan ordered
the security guards to enter the chamber and forcefully drag some of
the opposition members out. The Parliament looked more like a military
garrison than a legislative assembly hall. Simonyan frequently
violated the free speech rights of opposition members if they dared to
refer to the Prime Minister in a derogatory manner. He ordered that
the speakers’ microphones be turned off and the cameras broadcasting
the meetings shut off. These draconian measures are unbecoming of a
country’s legislature. The ugly scenes of the fistfights were aired by
TV stations around the world, embarrassing all Armenians.

As a result, the government’s proposed five-year plan was hardly
discussed. Instead, there were repeated attacks by the
Parliamentarians both physical and verbal.

In the meantime, Azerbaijan and Turkey, emboldened by their recent
victory, and seeing the deep divisions within Armenia, are encroaching
on Armenia’s borders and demanding more and more concessions.
Armenia’s weakened leader is unable to resist the overbearing demands
of Azerbaijan, while Armenia’s military ally, Russia, is pursuing its
own interests in coordination with Turkey and Azerbaijan.

In conclusion, I would like to make two points that are often debated
on social media

1) At the slightest criticism of Prime Minister Pashinyan, his
supporters are quick to admonish the critics by saying that the
Diaspora has no right to criticize the Armenian government. I reject
such objections because Armenia is the homeland of all Armenians
regardless of where they live. Criticism or praise is a sign that the
individual cares deeply about his or her homeland rather than take the
posture of a disinterested spectator. Why is it that we have the right
to express an opinion about developments about any other country in
the world, for example Afghanistan, but when it comes to Armenia, our
homeland, we have no such right? It is also interesting to note that
those who object to criticisms of the Armenian government by
Diasporans have no objection when the latter praise Armenia.
Therefore, the issue is not having the right to criticize Armenia, but
not wanting to hear criticism about the Prime Minister.

2) In my opinion, constructive criticism is much more valuable than
the blind support of a leader. Which is more patriotic — seeing
something going wrong and keeping our mouths shut or speaking up and
trying to correct it? In my opinion, taking corrective action is much
more patriotic than remaining silent and allowing the error to
continue.

I hope we stop “fiddling,” or in our case, feuding, and joining hands
to create a strong Armenia that can withstand the incessant assaults
of the barbarians at our gates.

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2-         Pro-Government, Opposition Lawmakers Brawl In Armenian Parliament

By Astghik Bedevian

(RFE/RL)—Pro-government and opposition lawmakers threw water battles
at each other during a brawl in the Armenian parliament on August 25,
2021

For the second day in a row security guards have been called into the
Armenian parliament chamber as another brawl between pro-government
and opposition lawmakers broke out during the presentation of the
government’s five-year action plan on Wednesday.

Much of the 2021-2026 program that has been laid out in parliament by
Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan focuses on the new government’s vision
of Armenia’s future in new geopolitical realities in the region
created after last year’s defeat in the war against Azerbaijan in
Nagorno-Karabakh.

Hayastan and Pativ Unem, the two opposition factions represented in
the parliament, have been critical of Pashinyan and his political
team, holding them responsible for the defeat and describing the
government’s program as a pathway to a new “capitulation.”

Pashinyan and majority lawmakers have dismissed such accusations,
claiming that it is Pashinyan’s predecessors, namely former presidents
Robert Kocharian and Serzh Sargsyan, with whom the two opposition
factions are associated, that are largely to blame for the defeat.

They argued that by letting them score a landslide victory in the June
20 snap parliament elections people vindicated Pashinyan and his
political team, while passing a guilty verdict on the former
governments.

In his speech that day Hayk Sargsyan, a member of the ruling Civil
Contract faction, in particular, criticized the former governments for
their mishandling of the economy and army affairs that led to
large-scale out-migration and a decrease in the country’s defense
capabilities before the 2018 “velvet revolution.” He said that the new
Pashinyan government did not have enough time to redress the
situation.

In an apparent reference to opposition criticism that some members of
the current government did not serve in the army, Sargsyan said that
all former defense ministers during whose tenures people were exempted
from military service by phone calls were “traitors.”

Sargsyan’s remarks sparked a quarrel in the chamber between
pro-government and opposition lawmakers as the main opposition
Hayastan faction is led by former defense minister Seyran Ohanian. As
lawmakers began to throw water bottles at each other, Parliament
Speaker Alen Simonian interrupted the session and called in security
guards to restore order in the chamber. Several lawmakers, including
Civil Contract member Hrachya Hakobian, were removed from the chamber.

Hakobian later told reporters that the brawl was provoked by Ohanian,
who threw a water bottle in the direction of Sargsian. Ohanian did not
comment immediately on the accusation. He denied any fistfights inside
the session hall where access to media has been restricted since early
August. Ohanian said, however, that his glasses were broken in the
jostle.

Another brawl in the parliament between pro-government and opposition
members broke out shortly after the lawmakers resumed work. It began
during the speech of opposition Hayastan faction member Vahe Hakobian.
It is seen on the video that parliament majority and minority deputies
exchanged blows during a mass brawl that followed. Another break in
the session was announced and security guards were called in. Several
lawmakers were escorted out of the session hall. The Prosecutor’s
Office later said that the brawls in the Armenian parliament will
become a matter for investigation. On August 24, opposition lawmakers
brawled with security guards after Parliament Speaker Simonian ordered
that Pativ Unem faction member Anna Mkrtchian be deprived of the floor
and removed from the chamber for insulting Prime Minister Pashinyan.
The opposition accused Pashinyan of provoking the incident with his
encouragement of the security guards’ actions. Pashinyan dismissed the
accusation, saying that the security guards were doing their duty.

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3 –        Long-Time Community Activist, Benefactor

            Savey Tufenkian Passes Away

Savey “Shoushig” Tufenkian, Wife, Mother, Grandmother, and Great
Grandmother passed away on August 25 at home in Glendale.  She was
born in Garadagh, Iran to Vagharshak and Verjin Shirvanian, both
survivors of the genocide.

She received her High School education in Beit Mery, Lebanon and
received a scholarship to attend American International College in
Massachusetts, where she graduated in 1954.  Savey and her younger
brother Kosti moved to California in 1955.  Together they founded
Western Disposal Company – later known as Western Waste Industries.

She married Ralph Tufenkian of Los Angeles in 1956. After the tragic
loss of her son Richard in 1990, Savey and Ralph established the
Richard Tufenkian Pre-School in Glendale.

Savey is survived by her husband of 63 years, Ralph Tufenkian, son
Greg and Caroline Tufenkian, daughter Sandra and Paul Kalemkiarian,
grandchildren Sara, Lisa, and Lena and their spouses, and Sam,
Michael, and Max Tufenkian, and brother Kosti and Marian Shirvanian.
She was also blessed with three great grandchildren Micah, Ani, and
Ambrose.

Funeral services will take place on Thursday, September 9 at 2:30 p.m.
at Forest Lawn Hollywood Hills, Old North Church.

In lieu of flowers please consider making a donation to St. Mary’s
Richard Tufenkian Pre-School or Glendale Adventist Breast Cancer
Center.

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4-        COMMENTARY:

            The Afghan Crisis, Turkey, and Washington’s Global War on Terrorism

By David Boyajian

As America’s presence in Afghanistan draws to a close and the 20th
anniversary of 9/11 approaches, it’s worthwhile to consider the
countries that sponsor global terrorism and Washington’s response to
them.

One country stands out: Turkey.

NATO is purportedly a bulwark against attacks on Western civilization.

Yet NATO member Turkey has long supported ISIS and numerous other
anti-Western terrorist organizations.

Turkey has been arming terrorists and sending them into countries such
as Syria, Libya, and Azerbaijan.

For example, in 2020 Turkey transported terrorist mercenaries into
Azerbaijan, which then deployed them against Armenian-populated
Artsakh/Nagorno-Karabagh.  These included former ISIS commander Sayf
Balud and war criminals such Fehim Isa of the Sultan Murad Brigade.

One hundred bipartisan members of Congress (2021) and the European
Union Parliament (2020) have condemned Turkey and Azerbaijan for that.

In contrast, the State Department has said little and done nothing
about Turkey’s and Azerbaijan’s blatant use of terrorist thugs.  Does
Washington still have a Global War on Terrorism?

The U.S. is concerned that ISIS-K (an ISIS affiliate) and Al-Qaeda
will remain in Afghanistan after America departs and become a threat
to America.

Hence, Turkey’s support for ISIS and other terrorists is relevant to
the Afghan debacle.

Moreover, Turkish President Erdogan just admitted that he’s
comfortable talking to the Taliban “since Turkey has nothing against
the Taliban’s beliefs.”  The State Department has apparently not
reacted to this stunning confession.  That’s disturbing.

Turkey’s terrorist record goes back years.

Says Turkey’s counterterrorism chief from 2010-13, Ahmet S. Yayla,
“Turkey was a central hub for … over 50,000 ISIS foreign fighters, and
the main source of ISIS logistical materials [including] IEDs, making
Turkey and ISIS practically allies.”

This makes NATO itself look like an ISIS supporter.

Two studies by veteran State Department adviser Dr. David L. Phillips,
who now heads Columbia University’s Peace-building and Human Rights
Program, exposed Turkey’s alliance with ISIS: ISIS-Turkey Links (2014)
and Turkey-ISIS Oil Trade (2015/2016).

In 2014, Vice President Joe Biden told a Harvard audience that Turkey
and others had been giving “hundreds of millions of dollars [and] tons
of weapons” to Al-Nusra, Al-Qaeda, and ISIS.

President Obama quickly papered over Turkey’s guilt by forcing Biden
to apologize to Erdogan.  Again, what happened to the Global War on
Terrorism?

This year, in his exposé Turkey: A state sponsor of terrorism?, David
Phillips noted that if a “non-NATO country behaved like Turkey, it
would warrant designation as a State Sponsor of Terrorism.”

In January and July, the U.S. Treasury Department fingered Turkey as a
financial base for ISIS and Al-Qaeda.

America hasn’t penalized Turkey itself, however, but rather merely
some Turkish individuals and companies.  No wonder Washington’s
efforts — assuming they’re sincere, which is questionable — have
been largely ineffective.

Turkey’s longtime backing of terrorist groups raises fundamental
questions about U.S. policy.

We must sadly conclude that the Global War on Terrorism has become a
criminal fraud perpetrated on the American people, both civilians and
our men and women in uniform.

As the U.S. departs Afghanistan, one wonders whether the blood and
treasure spent there were in vain or part of something larger and more
sinister.

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5-         Armenia Continues Fight Against COVID-19

Armenia is continuing the fight against the third wave of COVID-19
cases, as the country continues promoting the vaccination phase.

The U.S. State Department on July 26 warned American citizens to
reconsider travel to Armenia due to the increase in cases of the
Covid-19.

“The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued a
Level 3 Travel Health Notice for Armenia due to COVID-19, indicating a
high level of COVID-19 in the country,” said the State Department.

The State Department also urged U.S. citizens not to travel to the
Nagorno-Karabakh region due to armed conflict.

“The U.S. government is unable to provide emergency services to U.S.
citizens in Nagorno-Karabakh as U.S. government employees are
restricted from traveling there,” the State Department added.

There were 10,116 active cases in Armenia as of September 2. Armenia
has recorded 241,611 coronavirus cases and 4,830 deaths; 226,665 have
recovered..

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California Courier Online provides readers of the Armenian News News Service
with a few of the articles in this week’s issue of The California
Courier.

Letters to the editor are encouraged through our e-mail address,
. Letters are published with the
author’s name and location; authors are required to disclose their
identity to the editorial staff (name, address, and/or telephone
numbers for verification purposes).

California Courier subscribers can change or modify mailing addresses
by emailing .

Erdogan Wants Armenia to Recognize Azerbaijan’s ‘Territorial Integrity’

In declaring his willingness to work toward normalization of relations with Armenia, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey has urged Armenia to recognize Azerbaijan’s territorial integrity as a precondition.

Erdogan was presumably responding to Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, who on Friday viewed overtures by the Turkish president as “positive” and said “we [Armenia] will evaluate those signals, we will respond to the positive signals with a positive signal.”

Erdogan suggested that joint constructive steps could be taken to ensure sustainable peace and co-existence.

“There is a need for new and constructive approaches in our region. Although there are differences of opinion and expectation, it will be a responsible course of action to make a sincere effort to develop good neighborly relations on the basis of trust, including respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty,” Erdogan told reporters on Sunday, according to Hurriyet Daily News.

“There is a need for new and constructive approaches in our region. Although there are differences of opinion and expectation, it will be a responsible course of action to make a sincere effort to develop good neighborly relations on the basis of trust, including respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty,” added Erdogan.

He noted that joint constructive steps could be taken to “ensure sustainable peace and co-existence. “

The proposal for a five- or six-country platform, including Turkey, Azerbaijan, Russia, Iran, Armenia, and possibly Georgia, is still on the table, Erdogan said, adding that such a platform could bring relief and possibly solve problems in the region.

The Armenian government had not officially reacted to Erdogan’s remarks on Monday, but a lawmaker from Pashinyan’s Civil Contract party, Maria Karapetian, described it as a “positive message for discussing regional peace.”

“This is just an indirect exchange of public messages,” she told RFE/RL’s Armenian Service. Karapetian, who is a member of the parliament committee on foreign relations, said Erdogan’s remarks contained no preconditions unacceptable to the Armenian side.

Opposition lawmakers said Erdogan was continuing to set unacceptable and unrealistic preconditions in order to force Armenia to open its border with Turkey and normalize relations, arguing that Ankara wants Yerevan to agree to Azerbaijan’s control of all of Artsakh.

“Throughout his tenure Erdogan has periodically made such statements and has been rebuffed by the Armenian authorities and told to talk to Armenia, open the border and normalize relations without preconditions. Now Erdogan is coming up with a huge package of preconditions,” Gegham Manukyan of the opposition Armenia Alliance told RFE/RL’s Armenian Service on Monday

“The current authorities must categorically reject all those preconditions. But judging from their actions and constant readiness to make concessions, I have no such hope,” added Manukyan, who is also member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation.