Author: Emil Lazarian

Commodity trading in Caucasian countries holds significant popularity and plays a crucial role in their respective economies. These nations, including Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Armenia, possess abundant natural resources and have strategically positioned themselves as key players in the global commodities market.

Azerbaijan, blessed with substantial oil and gas reserves, stands as a prominent player in the energy sector. Crude oil and natural gas dominate its commodity trading landscape. The country’s strategic location between Europe and Asia, along with its ambitious infrastructure projects, has propelled Azerbaijan to become a vital energy supplier to regional and international markets. The oil-rich Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline, connecting the Caspian Sea to the Mediterranean, has enhanced Azerbaijan’s trading capabilities.

In Georgia, agriculture takes centre stage in the commodity trading arena. The country boasts fertile lands and a favourable climate, fostering the production of diverse agricultural commodities. Wine, hazelnuts, fruits, vegetables, and tea are among the leading products traded. Georgia’s reputation for high-quality wine has contributed to its rising prominence in global markets, while its agricultural sector has become a cornerstone of its export-driven economy.

Armenia, with its mineral wealth, particularly in copper, gold, and molybdenum, has established itself as a significant player in the mining industry. Commodity trading in these minerals has bolstered the country’s economic growth and attracted foreign investments. Additionally, Armenia’s skilled workforce and competitive production costs contribute to its favourable position in the global mining market.

The trading of these commodities in Caucasian countries brings various benefits. It generates substantial revenue, promotes economic growth, and provides employment opportunities. Moreover, commodity exports contribute to the diversification of the region’s economies, reducing their reliance on specific sectors.

To regulate commodity trading, Caucasian countries have established regulatory frameworks that ensure transparency, fair competition, and compliance with international standards. Azerbaijan’s State Oil Fund and the State Commodity Exchange play critical roles in overseeing the energy sector and regulating commodity trading. In Georgia, the Ministry of Agriculture and the National Wine Agency monitor agricultural exports and quality standards. Armenia’s Ministry of Territorial Administration and Infrastructure oversees the mining sector and enforces regulations to promote responsible mining practices.

These regulatory frameworks aim to attract foreign investments, protect domestic industries, and ensure sustainable resource management. They also foster an environment conducive to fair trade practices, bolstering confidence among international partners.

In conclusion, commodity trading in Caucasian countries is highly popular, driven by their abundant natural resources and strategic geographical locations. Leading commodities, such as oil and gas in Azerbaijan, agricultural products in Georgia, and minerals in Armenia, contribute significantly to their respective economies. These commodities bring numerous benefits, including revenue generation, economic growth, and employment opportunities. To maintain transparency and compliance, regulatory frameworks are in place to oversee and regulate commodity trading activities. With their rich resources and robust regulatory frameworks, Caucasian countries continue to position themselves as key players in the global commodities market.

Commodity trading in Georgia is experiencing steady development, driven by the country’s diverse agricultural sector and favorable geographic location. The agricultural commodities that dominate Georgia’s commodity trading landscape include wine, hazelnuts, fruits, vegetables, and tea.

Georgia has gained international recognition for its high-quality wines, making it a sought-after destination for wine enthusiasts. The country’s unique winemaking techniques, rich soil, and favorable climate contribute to the production of a wide variety of exquisite wines. The trading of Georgian wines has witnessed significant growth, with exports reaching various markets worldwide.

Another popular commodity is hazelnuts. Georgia is among the top global producers of hazelnuts, known for their exceptional taste and quality. The country’s favorable climate and fertile soil provide ideal conditions for hazelnut cultivation. Georgia’s hazelnut exports have surged in recent years, contributing to the country’s economic growth and global market presence.

In addition to wine and hazelnuts, Georgia’s fertile lands yield an array of other agricultural commodities. Fruits, including citrus fruits, apples, and berries, are exported to international markets. Vegetables, such as tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers, are also significant contributors to Georgia’s commodity trading activities. Furthermore, Georgia’s tea production, particularly in the region of Guria, has gained recognition for its distinct flavour and aroma.

The development of commodity trading in Georgia has been supported by government initiatives to enhance agricultural productivity, improve quality standards, and promote exports. These efforts, combined with Georgia’s reputation for high-quality agricultural products, have facilitated the growth of commodity trading and opened doors for increased international market access.

Armenia’s commodity trading landscape is marked by its rich mineral resources, with copper, gold, and molybdenum standing out as the top traded commodities in the country.

Copper, with its versatile applications in various industries, holds a prominent position in Armenia’s commodity trading sector. The country possesses substantial copper reserves and has a long history of mining this valuable metal. Copper is in high demand globally for its conductivity, making it a crucial component in electrical wiring, machinery, and electronics. Armenia’s copper exports contribute significantly to its economy and attract foreign investments.

Gold is another highly traded commodity in Armenia. The country has sizeable gold deposits, and its mining industry focuses on extracting and trading this precious metal. Gold holds a strong position as a store of value and is sought after as an investment asset and for jewelry production. Armenia’s gold exports contribute to its foreign exchange reserves and foster economic growth.

Molybdenum, a metallic element with exceptional heat resistance and strength, is another top commodity traded in Armenia. The country has significant molybdenum reserves and is known for its high-quality production. Molybdenum is widely used in industries such as construction, energy, and transportation, as it enhances the strength and durability of alloys. Armenia’s molybdenum exports contribute to its industrial sector and global market presence.

The trading of these commodities in Armenia brings economic benefits, including revenue generation, employment opportunities, and foreign investments. Armenia’s rich mineral resources and focus on responsible mining practices position it as an important player in the global commodities market, particularly in the copper, gold, and molybdenum sectors.

Azerbaijan, with its abundant oil and gas reserves, is primarily known for its energy commodities, making crude oil and natural gas the most popular commodities to trade in the country.

Crude oil holds a significant position in Azerbaijan’s commodity trading landscape. The country possesses vast oil reserves, particularly in the Caspian Sea region. Azerbaijan’s strategic location between Europe and Asia, coupled with its robust infrastructure, including pipelines and terminals, has established it as a key player in the global oil market. Crude oil exports contribute significantly to Azerbaijan’s economy, generating substantial revenue and attracting international investments.

Natural gas is another highly traded commodity in Azerbaijan. The country boasts substantial natural gas reserves, both onshore and offshore. With increasing global demand for cleaner energy sources, natural gas has become a crucial component in the energy mix. Azerbaijan’s natural gas exports, facilitated by pipelines such as the Southern Gas Corridor, play a pivotal role in diversifying energy supplies to regional and international markets.

 16:10, 14 June 2023

YEREVAN, JUNE 14, ARMENPRESS. The Armenian-French Scientific-Archaeological Studies for the Preservation of Ererouyk is among the winners of the European Heritage Awards / Europa Nostra Awards 2023.

The European Commission and Europa Nostra have announced today the winners of the European Heritage Awards / Europa Nostra Awards 2023. This year, 30 outstanding heritage achievements from 21 countries have been awarded Europe’s top honour in the field (see the full list below).

The Awards, funded by the Creative Europe programme of the European Union, are granted in five categories:

• Conservation & Adaptive Reuse;
• Research;
• Education, Training & Skills;
• Citizens’ Engagement & Awareness-raising; and
• Heritage Champions.

Armenian-French Scientific-Archaeological Studies for the Preservation of Ererouyk won the award in the Research category.

This year’s impressive collection of award winners ranges from the true renaissance of the Royal Gardens of Venice (Italy), a most treasured green space in the heart of this unique heritage city, to the fascinating research project Safeguarding of the Artisanal Fishing Technique “Arte-Xávega” (Portugal), which helps secure the future of one the last examples of artisanal and sustainable fishing in Europe; from ACTA VISTA (France), an innovative heritage skills training programme which helps individuals marginalised from employment return to work, to the annual festival Budapest 100 (Hungary), which celebrates the built heritage of this World Heritage City; and the transfrontier network of volunteers of SUCHO: Saving Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Online (Ukraine/International Project), which web archived over 50TB of data from Ukrainian cultural institutions in the first months of the war in Ukraine.

The Award winners were selected by the Jury, composed of heritage experts from across Europe, upon evaluation by the Selection Committees that are responsible for examining award applications, which this year were submitted by organisations and individuals from 35 European countries.

Reacting to the announcement of the 2023 winners, Margaritis Schinas, Vice-President for Promoting our European Way of Life, who is currently in charge of Culture, stated: “Each winning achievement of this year’s European Heritage Awards/Europa Nostra Awards is the result of extraordinary skills and commitment, collective and individual, spanning heritage places and traditions across Europe. By honouring these achievements, we also reiterate our firm commitment to protecting our shared cultural heritage, because it is vital for our sense of togetherness as citizens and communities of Europe.”

Cecilia Bartoli, the world-renowned mezzo-soprano and President of Europa Nostra, stated: “I warmly congratulate this year’s winners of the European Heritage Awards / Europa Nostra Awards on their well-deserved recognition. They are inspiring examples which truly contribute to building a more beautiful, sustainable and inclusive Europe. Their success stories demonstrate how adversity can be overcome through pooling expertise, dedication, creativity and innovation. I look forward to meeting them in person and celebrating all the winners at the European Heritage Awards Ceremony in our beloved World Heritage City of Venice.”

The winners will be celebrated at the European Heritage Awards Ceremony on 28 September in the Palazzo del Cinema in Venice. This prestigious event will be honoured with the participation of Cecilia Bartoli, President of Europa Nostra. Margaritis Schinas, Vice-President of the European Commission, is also expected to attend this high-level event.During the ceremony, the Grand Prix laureates and the Public Choice Award winner, chosen from among this year’s winners and entitled to receive €10,000 each, will be announced. The ceremony will be a highlight of the European Cultural Heritage Summit 2023, organised by Europa Nostra with the support of the European Commission, on 27-30 September in the World Heritage City of Venice.

Heritage supporters and enthusiasts are now encouraged to discover the winners and vote online to decide who will win the Public Choice Award 2023, entitled to receive a monetary award of €10,000.

From France to Armenia, from Portugal to Ukraine:

these are the winners of the European Heritage Awards / Europa Nostra Awards 2023

Research

Scientific-Archaeological Studies for the Preservation of Ererouyk, ARMENIA/FRANCE

The Early Christian and Medieval complex of Ererouyk was researched with a scientific, multidisciplinary and environmentally progressive approach between 2009 and 2021 by experts of various nationalities.

Proto-Industrial Architecture of the Veneto in the Age of Palladio, ITALY

This three-year study of Veneto's proto-industrial heritage is unprecedented in both Italian and European contexts. It provides insight into the history of innovation and the transfer of knowledge at a European level, focusing on the merits of hydraulic power.

Safeguarding of the Artisanal Fishing Technique “Arte-Xávega”, PORTUGAL

Through the transfer of knowledge and know-how, this research project showcases exemplary practices of safeguarding “Arte-Xávega”, one of the last examples of artisanal and sustainable fishing in the European Union.

Conservation & Adaptive Reuse

Steam Engine Brewery, Lobeč, CZECHIA

For over 15 years, the architects Jana and Pavel Prouza worked to revive this brewery with a rich history dating back to 1586. It was reopened with a mix of cultural and business activities to ensure its sustainability.

Friluftsskolen Open-Air School, Copenhagen, DENMARK

This masterpiece of functionalism, designed by the architect Kaj Gottlob and built in 1938, demonstrates the way in which architecture can contribute to health and well-being. Its restoration serves as a model for other schools in Europe.

Hôtel de la Marine, Paris, FRANCE

An extensive, high-quality project brought this mid-18th century building at the Place de la Concorde in Paris back to its original splendour, while creating a new cultural hub. The restoration is also notable for its innovative financing model.

Royal Gardens of Venice, ITALY

Following complex renovation works, these abandoned gardens from the Napoleonic-era have been given new life and their architectural link to St. Mark’s Square reinstated. Today, these gardens are a beautiful, ecologically sustainable oasis that can be enjoyed by everyone.

Museum of Urban Wooden Architecture, Vilnius, LITHUANIA

This 19th-century wooden building was restored using high-level craftsmanship and authentic techniques. It now houses a museum and community centre, serving as an example for other similar buildings in Vilnius and beyond.

Wit Stwosz Altarpiece in St. Mary’s Basilica, Kraków, POLAND

The altarpiece carved from 1477 to 1489 by Wit Stwosz, renowned German-born sculptor who moved from Nuremberg to Krakow, is widely regarded as a masterpiece of Gothic art. Its meticulous restoration, based on thorough research, was undertaken in situ for over 1,000 days and involved a team of top professionals from across Europe.

Mudéjar Ceilings of the Cathedral of Funchal, Madeira, PORTUGAL

The restoration of these rare Mudéjar style ceilings, covering 1500 m2, was carried out using the best practices in wood conservation and involved an interdisciplinary team of top professionals of various nationalities.

Deba Bridge, Gipuzkoa, SPAIN

The remarkable rehabilitation of this 19th-century stone bridge, an exquisite example of civil engineering, required extensive historical research into materials and forgotten techniques and benefitted from interdisciplinary technical cooperation.

Ruins of the Monastery of San Pedro de Eslonza, Gradefes, SPAIN

The ruins of this 16th-century monastery have undergone an intervention that included archaeological investigation, consolidation and rehabilitation for tourist visits. Its technical, economic and social sustainability is commendable.

Education, Training & Skills

MADE IN: Crafts and Design Narratives, AUSTRIA/CROATIA/SLOVENIA/SERBIA

This European platform brings together designers, researchers and curators, who are all dedicated to exploring heritage through contemporary production. It promotes the invaluable role of crafts in shaping local identities and ensuring the sustainability of communities.

ACTA VISTA, Marseille, FRANCE 

Since its creation in 2002, this association has developed training projects in heritage trades, involving 5,000 individuals marginalised from the labour market. Its innovative approach, which combines training for vulnerable citizens, social support and a cultural dimension accessible to all, is unparalleled in Europe.

Carpenters without Borders, Paris, FRANCE

Since 1992, Carpenters without Borders have fostered a movement of wood carpentry professionals who volunteer their expertise on an international scale. A groundbreaking project showcases their ability to reconstruct the frame of the fire-ravaged Notre-Dame Cathedral using materials and techniques reminiscent of the 13th century.

National Centres for Restoration of Historic Vessels, NORWAY

These centres undertake significant work to preserve the skills related to the construction and repair of historic ships, an important element of Norway’s rich maritime heritage. This initiative stands out for its comprehensive approach, creating a wholesome experience that sets an impressive example for other countries in Europe and beyond.

Pathfinders of the Waters, Danube Delta, ROMANIA

This project targets villages along the Danube with limited access to cultural activities, using the traditional canoe (lotca) as a means to promote the value of local heritage and the acquisition of new skills among children.

Citizens’ Engagement & Awareness-raising

Village Square Meer, Antwerp, BELGIUM

This remarkable citizens’ initiative has breathed new life into a historic convent in a small village by creating a new central hub for cultural activities. It is a strong example of how a heritage site can serve as a strong connecting force within a community.

Budapest100, HUNGARY

This annual weekend festival celebrates the built heritage of the World Heritage City of Budapest, showcasing the intrinsic value of every house. Through guided visits and engaging exhibitions, visitors and residents share stories, knowledge and experiences, fostering connections and mutual understanding. 

Museum of Literature Ireland (MoLI), Dublin, IRELAND

The Museum of Literature Ireland celebrates Ireland's literary heritage and inspires future generations to engage with the art of writing and reading. Its participatory approach aims to dismantle elitist perceptions of literature.

Open for You, ITALY

This outstanding initiative has opened over 80 heritage sites in 35 cities throughout Italy that would otherwise be closed to the public. The secret of its success lies in the strong dedication of a large network of over 1,600 volunteers.

ALMADA Project, Lisbon, PORTUGAL

This multidisciplinary project utilises scientific research to present the mural art of Almada Negreiros, one of Portugal's most influential artists of the 20th century, in a new light. Its public outreach to diverse communities is exemplary.

Via Transilvanica, ROMANIA

At 1,400 km, the Via Transilvanica is Romania’s longest hiking trail which connects as many as 12 UNESCO World Heritage sites. It serves as a vital connection between local communities and diverse facets of heritage, encompassing both built and natural heritage as well as intangible traditions. 

Un-archiving Post-industry, UKRAINE

This smart and multifaceted project digitally preserves endangered industrial heritage collections in the East part of Ukraine. It fosters engagement with this heritage among and between local communities in Ukraine and the United Kingdom.

Heritage Champions

Hambis Tsangaris, CYPRUS

Hambis Tsangaris is remarkable for his achievements in fostering connections and understanding among communities in Cyprus through his work with the intangible heritage of printmaking.

Sergio Ragni, ITALY

Thanks to the remarkable efforts of the musicologist Sergio Ragni, over a period of over 60 years, a wealth of knowledge about the life and cultural significance of one of Europe’s most influential composers, Gioachino Rossini, has been collected, analysed and shared with the public.

Cláudio Torres, PORTUGAL

For over 40 years, the archaeologist Cláudio Torres and the research centre that he created in Mértola have played a pivotal role in fostering the appreciation and conservation of Islamic heritage in Portugal.

Saving Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Online (SUCHO), UKRAINE/INTERNATIONAL PROJECT

In the first months of the war in Ukraine, the large network of SUCHO volunteers from across the world archived over 50TB of data from Ukrainian cultural institutions. Their rapid response is an impressive example of the power of collective action in a crisis situation.

Europa Nostra Awards 2023 for outstanding projects from the UK

This year, Europa Nostra Awards go to two remarkable heritage projects from a European country not taking part in the EU Creative Europe programme.

Cleveland Pools, Bath, UNITED KINGDOM (Conservation & Adaptive Reuse)

Driven by the local community, the restoration project of these 19th-century open-air pools used green energy and a holistic approach to reinstate the site's original function while adapting it to 21st-century standards.

MINIARE: The Art & Science of Manuscript Heritage, Cambridge, UNITED KINGDOM(Research)

This research project (2012-2022) revolutionised understanding of manuscript illumination across Europe’s Middle Ages. By employing non-invasive analysis and cutting-edge technology, MINIARE identified artists' materials and techniques, offering insights into cultural, political and socio-economic contexts like never before.

The European Heritage Awards / Europa Nostra Awards were launched by the European Commission in 2002 and have been run by Europa Nostra ever since. For 21 years, the Awards have been a key tool to recognise and promote the multiple values of cultural and natural heritage for Europe’s society, economy and environment. 

Scientific-Archaeological Studies for the Preservation of Ererouyk, Armenia/France

The Early Christian and Medieval complex of Ererouyk is an outstanding example of Armenian artistic achievements. Nevertheless, it was only recently that this enigmatic site has been researched with a scientific, multidisciplinary and environmentally progressive approach. This has created new knowledge about the Late Antique/Early Christian period in Ererouyk, through the study of the remains of its 6th-century basilica, ancient mausoleum and cemetery, ancient village and dam.

This research project was carried out between 2009 and 2021 by the Laboratory of Medieval and Modern Archaeology in the Mediterranean of Aix-en-Provence (LA3M), France, the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Armenian Academy of Sciences, and the Shirak Regional Museum in Gyumri, Armenia, alongside several experts of different nationalities. 

Annual missions lasting almost a month were carried out every autumn, complemented by a programme of analysis, elaboration and interpretation of the data collected at the associated institutions. Ererouyk was conceived as a training site for local and international students; and a full-day conference was organised each year at Aix-Marseille University to present the progress of the research to students and the public. 

Among the concrete results achieved, the researchers succeeded in dating the basilica and conducting a detailed analysis of its carved decoration. Through comparative research, the project also highlighted the particularities of Armenian Christianity and funerary customs. Also notable is the assessment of the place and role of the site of Ererouyk in the life of the region and in particular in its relationship with the city of Ani. The publication of numerous papers gained the recognition of the international scientific community and provided concrete elements for the study of the basilica, allowing for the design of a conservation project respectful of its authenticity. The results of this comprehensive research project raised the visibility of the site at a European level, contributing to its listing among the 7 Most Endangered heritage sites in Europe in 2016 by Europa Nostra and the European Investment Bank Institute.

This project serves as an outstanding example of how the collaboration between experts of different nationalities and the implementation of a rigorous historical and scientific method can provide new insights and knowledge on cultural heritage sites.

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 16:23, 14 June 2023

YEREVAN, JUNE 14, ARMENPRESS. The Armenian national football team left for Cardiff on June 14, where they face a UEFA Euro-2024 qualification round group stage match against Wales on June 16, the Football Federation said in a press release.

The following players left for Cardiff:

Arsen Beglaryan – FC Urartu
Stanislav Buchnev – FC Pyunik
Ognjen Cancarevic – FC Alashkert
Andre Calisir – IF Brommapojkarna (Sweden)
Varazdat Haroyan – FC Astana (Kazakhstan)
Georgi Harutyunyan – FC Krasnodar (Russia)
Nair Tiknizyan – FC Lokomotiv Moscow (Russia)
Styopa Mkrtchyan – BKMA
David Davidyan – FC Pyunik
Kamo Hovhannisyan – FC Astana (Kazakhstan)
Zhirayr Margaryan – FC Urartu
Erik Piloyan – FC Urartu
Eduard Spertsyan – FC Krasnodar (Russia)
Hovhannes Harutyunyan – FC Pyunik
Vahan Bichakhchyan – Pogon Szczecin (Poland)
Zhirayr Shaghoyan – CSKA Sofia (Bulgaria)
Ugochukwu Iwu – FC Urartu 
Artak Dashyan – FC Pyunik 
Wbeymar Angulo – FC Alashkert
Grant Leon Ranos – Borussia Monchengladbach (Germany)
Tigran Barseghyan – FC Slovan Bratislava (Slovakia)
Artur Serobyan – FC Ararat-Armenia

Lucas Zelarayan and Norberto Briasco Balekian will join the team in Wales. 

 16:55, 14 June 2023

YEREVAN, JUNE 14, ARMENPRESS. Azerbaijan’s intensified disinformation campaign seeks to misrepresent the reality and falsely accuse Armenia of aggression, Minister of Defense Suren Papikyan has warned.

“By constantly spreading disinformation over the past week, Azerbaijan is creating the foundation to be able to misrepresent its own provocations as attacks by the Armenian side,” Papikyan told lawmakers during question time in parliament.

Minister Papikyan said the Ministry of Defense of Armenia is constantly releasing reports on the border situation.

“The reasons of this all is Azerbaijan’s goal to accuse the Armenian side of seeking aggressive actions. There is no such thing, in line with all our statements, the Armenian side will continue to advance the peace agenda around the negotiation table, certainly also by defending the sovereign territory of our country,” Papikyan said.

Earlier on Wednesday, the Azerbaijani forces shot and wounded two Indian construction workers at a construction site of a steel plant in Yeraskh, a village in the Ararat Province.