Armenia To Unilaterally Lift Visa Requirements For Eu Citizens

ARMENIA TO UNILATERALLY LIFT VISA REQUIREMENTS FOR EU CITIZENS

arminfo
Wednesday, January 9, 13:28

On Jan 10 Armenia will unilaterally lift visa requirements for EU
citizens.

>From now on they will be able to stay in Armenia without visa for 90
days a year.

Armenia is the fourth former Soviet republic (after Ukraine, Georgia
and Moldova) to have unilaterally lifted visa requirements for EU
citizens.

Armenia has bilateral visa-free agreements with over 20 countries,
including Georgia, Russia and most of the former Soviet republics.

To note, Armenia’s Association Agreement with the EU implies relax
visa requirements.

From: Baghdasarian

Filmmaker Journalist Tsvetana Paskaleva Kicks off Tour w/AGBU France

AGBU Press Office
55 East 59th Street
New York, NY 10022-1112
Phone: 212.319.6383, x118
Fax: 212.319.6507
Email: [email protected]
Website:

PRESS RELEASE
Wednesday, January 9, 2013

Award-Winning Filmmaker and Journalist Tsvetana Paskaleva Kicks off
International Tour with AGBU France

Screenings of Groundbreaking Documentary “Wounds of Karabakh” Attract
Hundreds

For millions around the world, news and images of the Nagorno Karabakh
war with Azerbaijan are forever burned in memory. The Bulgarian
reporter Tsvetana Paskaleva’s dispatches from the frontlines of the
1988-1994 conflict not only helped propel it into the international
spotlight, but have earned her numerous awards and were developed into
her seven groundbreaking documentaries. The films, entitled
collectively “Wounds of Karabakh,” received renewed attention over the
past few weeks during a series of events organized and sponsored by
AGBU France, which kicked off Paskaleva’s international tour.

Paskaleva’s work has long been utilized to open the eyes of world
leaders to the atrocities suffered by the Armenian community in
Karabakh. From 1993-1994, “Wounds of Karabakh” was screened before
Amnesty International, the Parliament of Canada, the United Nations
and the United States Congress, among other government bodies and
organizations. On Thursday, November 29, 2012, the French Senate was
added to that list. At the invitation of French Senator Philippe
Kaltenbach, who heads the France-Armenia Inter-Parliamentary
Friendship Group, a delegation of Armenian parliamentary leaders met
with French representatives in Luxembourg Palace. There, they viewed
the film and participated in a roundtable discussion on peace and
dialogue in Nagorno Karabakh. In the days that followed, dozens more
elected officials and community leaders gathered at AGBU centers
across the country.

On Friday, November 30, 2012, AGBU Valence hosted a screening that
drew guests from both near and far, including the Mayor of Valence
Alain Maurice, the Mayor of the Armenian city of Idjevan Varuzhan
Nersisyan, and AGBU Valence Chair Jean Jacques Vartanian. Since AGBU
Valence adopted Idjevan as a sister city over two years ago, the two
have joined forces to promote cultural and sustainable development
initiatives internationally, and Mr. Nersisyan’s presence demonstrated
that their relationship remains strong. The following day she headed
to Marseille for a showing of the film that was co-organized by the
local AGBU chapter and the Coordination Council of Armenian
Organizations of France (CCAF). AGBU Lyon also partnered with the
CCAF, as well as with Radio Armenia, for their screening, which was
held on Monday, December 3, 2012, and attracted over 70 attendees,
among them AGBU Lyon Chair Michel Sandjian.

At each stop on her AGBU tour, Paskaleva, who was joined by her
producer Zara Nazarian, recounted what first prompted her to visit
Karabakh, the violence she witnessed there, and ways she believes the
region can achieve peace and stability to move forward. In 1991, when
reports of mass deportations of Armenians living in the Karabakh
villages of Getashen, Martunashen and Shahumyan reached Moscow, where
Paskaleva was a PhD film student, she immediately packed her camera
and traveled into the heart of the conflict. What she thought would be
a short-term assignment turned into a three year engagement, as she
began reporting for major news outlets and became the only
international journalist on the ground continuously throughout the
Karabakh war. She filmed hundreds of hours of harrowing footage,
risking her life time and time again to ensure that the horrors of the
war did not go unreported. Her extraordinary acts of bravery were
recognized by a Medal for Courage from the Armenian Government in
1996, as well as with the rank of Karabakh Defense Army Colonel, which
she received in 1995 despite never bearing arms during the conflict.

Years later, though, Paskaleva says her work is not yet done. As she
commented during the AGBU France events, “Now is the time for
Armenians to win the last battle: the diplomatic battle…I initiated
this international tour to remind our politicians that the conflict is
still painfully unresolved and that they bear the responsibility to
bring sustainable peace to Karabakh so we may finally put the past
behind us.” At each of the screenings organized by AGBU France, policy
makers were already responding to Paskaleva’s appeal, gathering to
discuss the status of Nagorno Karabakh and ways to create a brighter
future in the region. As Tsvetana Paskaleva’s international tour
continues, she is sure to continue to inspire the political will to
more toward positive change.

Established in 1906, AGBU () is the world’s largest
non-profit Armenian organization. Headquartered in New York City, AGBU
preserves and promotes the Armenian identity and heritage through
educational, cultural and humanitarian programs, annually touching the
lives of some 400,000 Armenians around the world.

For more information about AGBU and its worldwide programs, please
visit

From: Baghdasarian

www.agbu.org
www.agbu.org
www.agbu.org.

"Armenians Must Be Apostolic"

“ARMENIANS MUST BE APOSTOLIC”
Siranuysh Papyan

13:20 10/01/2013
Story from Lragir.am News:

Last year the ECtHR passed a judgment on the case Khachatryan and
others v. Armenia, as a result 17 members of the organization of
Jehovah’s Witnesses will receive compensation for moral damage. In
your opinion, what has this decision changed in the internal life
and policy of Armenia?

I think the decisions of the European institutions lead to very little
change in our foreign and domestic policy. The European institutions
use the authorities for propaganda and their answering steps have
propaganda purposes. Perhaps there is some progress in this sphere
but it is not irreversible. Those decisions would be essential if the
Armenian elite adopted European values but it has a mostly anti-Western
balance. Hence, violations of human rights will not end.

The word sect is not a legal term, and the punishment provided for it
is not set out in the law. Why do some countries, including Armenia,
use this word and punish for it, including by court decisions?

The countries all over the world are increasingly using religion
for political ends, not only Islamic countries but also Christian
countries. Armenia and Russia are examples. In the early 5th
century Byzantium passed a law which equalized being a sect member
to high treason. This theocratic principle is deeply planted in the
consciousness of part of the Armenian elite. The principle of oligopoly
works – monopoly against freedom. However, both political and religious
persecution create an atmosphere of fear, which strengthens the elite.

Everyone who criticizes the Apostolic church undergoes criticism. Do
you think criticism splits the nation or are these backed by political
interests?

I also hear words of criticism but I get along with them. They
are backed by some social perceptions, namely an Armenian must be
apostolic, conservative, adore stewed cow legs and dolmades and so on.

The key word in this sentence is must, which means there are invisible
mechanisms of coercion, limitation of freedom. Diversity is considered
a vice. This is barrack thinking.

Under the two ex-presidents the Armenian Apostolic Church did not
have such a huge role. The ruling party highlights religion both
during the elections and when the president addresses international
organizations. What is the reason? Are the president and his followers
believers or are they using the church and faith?

The RPA believes in conservative ideas, and religion has an important
place among these values. However, religion has a limited role in
their understanding – preach people obedience to the government. The
church sets a good model because it never criticizes the government.

Faith has no place. The Armenian Apostolic Church places loyalty
to itself and to the public administration higher than faith. It is
clear why the RPA commends the Church.

There are people in Armenia who preach nationalism and their views
are pagan. They claim that the Armenians did not use to be Christian
by origin but do not undergo violence or encounter problems for their
views. Does it mean that the followers of the Apostolic Church agree
subconsciously with pagans?

The Armenian word for pagan has the same root as the word ethnicity.

Its first meaning is not tribe but place. Pagan is the worship of local
gods. One cannot be Christian by origin, origin is from the pagan
word stock. One becomes Christian due to spiritual transformation,
conversion. The Armenian Apostolic Church has declared itself a
national church which can be viewed as a deviation from orthodox
faith. It also means that it has adopted a lot of local religious
faiths which also can be viewed as a deviation from the Christian
faith. As to right fundamentalists, including pagans, they undergo
criticism by the left wing. Therefore, they are indulgent to them.

In your opinion, to what extent does religion affect geopolitics? The
EU decisions and behavior are those of a union of Christian countries.

It is thought that the age of secularization has ended, and the age of
desecularization has started, in other words, religion is increasingly
having an important role in political, social and cultural sphere of
life. The main reason was the collapse of the socialist camp. The new
religious congregations occupy the place of left labor parties. They
give the poor a feeling of hope and solidarity, fill in the existential
gap, they bring meaning into their life.

What role do atheists have in the world, in Armenia and in politics?

Atheism had an important role in the past two centuries. Its success
was due to the popularity of the scientific outlook. Now science does
not bring outlook, it is a laboratory which supplies consumer goods
to people. Modern capitalism does not encourage cognitive curiosity,
hence the influence of science and other religious trends diminishes.

In Armenia politics is highly nationalistic and conservative. Hence,
the opposition of Armenia-based and foreign Armenian studies.

Unfortunately, textbooks preach nationalism rather than objectivism.

From: Baghdasarian

http://www.lragir.am/index.php/eng/0/interview/view/28600

" Medz Yeghern " Dans L’armenien Classique

” MEDZ YEGHERN ” DANS ‘ARMéNIEN CLASSIQUE

Publié le : 10-01-2013

Info Collectif VAN – – Medz Yeghern. Cette
expression qui permet aux Arméniens de nommer le génocide dont
ils ont été victimes en 1915 dans l’Empire ottoman, connaît
des traductions polémiques, essentiellement depuis qu’elle a
été utilisée dans un but politique par certains intellectuels
turcs. Arméniens et non-Arméniens l’utilisent a tort et a travers
et lui donnent différents sens.

L’historien Vartan Matiossian tente d’expliquer la confusion moderne
liée a cette expression, via les différents sens proposés par le
Dictionnaire de l’Arménien Classique.

Pour tenter de découvrir la signification originelle de cette
expression, il nous plonge dans l’histoire de la langue arménienne
classique, en remontant au Moyen-Ã~Bge, puis aux textes bibliques
traduits en arménien au Vème siècle, et va même jusqu’a
évoquer une possible étymologie indo-européenne. Le Collectif
VAN vous propose la traduction d’un article de Vartan Matiossian,
écrit en anglais, et publié sur le site The Armenian Weekly le
12/12/12. Ce quatrième opus de toute une série dédiée a la genèse
de l’expression ” Grande Catastrophe ”, ravira les philologues et
les spécialistes d’une des plus anciennes langues du monde, encore
pratiquée de nos jours.

Légende photo: Les plus anciennes attestations de l’existence de
yeghern apparaissent dans la traduction arménienne de la Bible au
5ème siècle.

Le mal que nous ne connaissons pas : ” Medz Yeghern ” et ”
l’Ancienne langue ”

The Armenian Weekly

Vartan Matiossian

Le 12/12/12

Puis il s’arrêta et annonca : ” Vous savez, il y a eu sur cette
terre un medz yeghern, une grande catastrophe ” comme les survivants
appellent le génocide.

–Aris Janigian (2009)1

Le printemps suivant, les ministères arménien et turc annoncèrent
qu’ils s’étaient mis d’accord sur un projet de bonnes relations,
qui a permis le Président Barack Obama, dans son discours très
attendu du 24 avril, de faire référence aux événements de 1915 non
par la désignation désirée mais par une alternative arménienne :
Medz Yeghern, qui signifie ” grande calamité ” –Garin Hovannisian
(2010)2

Si vous n’êtes pas Arménien, vous en savez probablement peu sur
les déportations et les massacres : la mort d’un million et demi de
civils. Medz Yeghern. La Grande Catastrophe.

–Chris Bohjalian (2012)3

Ci-dessus se trouvent les citations d’écrivains arméno-américains
de fiction ou de livres non-romanesques. Ces extraits indiquent
que ” Grande Catastrophe ” et des termes similaires sont devenus
une traduction courante de ” Medz Yeghern ”. La tendance a
été également observée dans le monde universitaire, où des
universitaires non-arméniens ont utilisé le terme. Parmi eux se
trouve le théoricien de la diaspora William Safran qui a écrit :
” Ces événements ont eu lieu dans leur pays d’origine, mais ils
ont également servi a marquer la conscience ethno nationale de la
diaspora, notamment les événements a caractère négatif, tels
que… le yeghern (catastrophe) arménien, le génocide turc… ”4
Bien sÔr, le discours dominant de la majorité des Turcs, que ce
soit sous la forme de la ” Grande Calamité ” ou de la ” Grande
Catastrophe ”5 apparaît dans les livres rédigés et co-rédigés
par des écrivains et des intellectuels turcs et arméno-turcs6. Nous
pourrions supposer que, soit ces derniers suivent le courant, soit
ils sont sincèrement convaincus qu’il s’agit de la bonne traduction
de l’expression.

Cependant, une recherche internet pourrait aussi mener a beaucoup
d’organes de presse arménienne de langue anglaise qui traduisent
Medz Yeghern par ” Grande Catastrophe ”, ou, parfois, ” Grand Crime
”. Il existe une dualité qui rend nécessaire, après enquête dans
les vocabulaires arménien-turc et arménien-anglais, l’exploration
d’une dernière source : la langue arménienne.7

Le sens de ” yeghern ” en arménien classique

Nous pourrions commencer en faisant remarquer que catastrophe et crime
sont liés l’un a l’autre par le fait que tous les deux proviennent du
même concept sous-jacent de mal. Le mal et le crime sont étroitement
liés l’un a l’autre parce qu’une intention mauvaise produit une
action mauvaise, un crime. Le mal et la catastrophe sont également
étroitement liés : le mot arménien tcharik (dont l’étymologie est
tchar ” mauvais ”) signifie a la fois ” mal ” et ” catastrophe ”.

Les dictionnaires arméniens monolingues et les textes littéraires
nous aident aussi a comprendre le sens littéral de yeghern et le
contexte dans lequel il a été utilisé.

Ce mot est un exemple remarquable d’un enchevêtrement curieux. Le
Dictionnaire d’Arménien Classique (désormais, Dictionnaire
Haïgazian), établi par Mékhitar de Sébaste (1676-1749), le
fondateur de la Congrégation mekhitariste a Venise, atteste de
l’existence des mots yeghar (Õ¥Õ²Õ¡O~@) et yegher (Õ¥Õ²Õ¥O~@)
en arménien classique avec le sens de ” lamentation, pleurs
”. Ils ont donné naissance a des mots tels que yegharamayr >
yegheramayr (եղեO~@ամայO~@), ” personne qui mène le deuil
”) et yegheragan (եղեO~@ական, ” déplorable ”). Le même
dictionnaire citait le mot yeghern (Õ¥Õ²Õ¥Õ¼Õ¶) comme signifiant
tcharik (mal, catastrophe), darnoutioun (amertume), jandoutioun
(perniciosité), medzavnas kordz (acte nuisible), abiradoutioun
(non-respect de la loi).7

Au Moyen-Ã~Bge, l’auteur anonyme d’un commentaire sur le Livre
des Lamentations du poète mystique arménien Grégoire de Narek a
écrit qu’un yeghernakordz (Õ¥Õ²Õ¥Õ¼Õ¶Õ¡Õ£Õ¸O~@Õ®) ou un tcharakordz
(Õ¹Õ¡O~@Õ¡Õ£Õ¸O~@Õ®) était quelqu’un ” qui commettait un crime qui
méritait une lamentation ”. La référence a été citée par le
Nouveau Dictionnaire de l’Arménien Classique (désormais, le Nouveau
Dictionnaire Haïgazian) publié par trois moines mekhitaristes entre
1836 et 1837, qui définissait le yeghern comme tcharik (չաO~@ՔO~D,
” mal, catastrophe), vdank (վտանգ, ” danger ”), vodjir
(ոճՔO~@, ” crime ”), aghedk (աղէտO~D, catastrophe), badahar
(պատահաO~@, ” événement ”) et vnas (վնաս, ” mal ”). Le
dictionnaire a aussi fait dériver par erreur le mot yegheragan (”
déplorable, tragique ”) de yeghern sur la base de cette référence.8

Le mélange des deux termes dans le Nouveau Dictionnaire Haïgazian
est probablement la source de notre confusion moderne entre ”
catastrophe ” et ” tragédie ” quand on traduit yeghern. En
essayant d’expliquer l’origine de yegheragan en arménien moderne,
on pourrait être amené a penser que puisque yegher (եղեO~@)
n’existe pas en tant que racine unique, alors yeghern (Õ¥Õ²Õ¥Õ¼Õ¶)
pourrait avoir un rapport avec ” tragédie ” ou ” lamentation ”,
étant donné que les lois linguistiques arméniennes stipulent que ռ
(rr) devient O~@ (r) et non pas l’inverse (comparez Õ¤Õ¡Õ¼Õ¶Õ¡Õ¬ >
Õ¤Õ¡O~@Õ±). Les dictionnaires de l’arménien moderne notent même
l’utilisation de yeghernagan (Õ¥Õ²Õ¥Õ¼Õ¶Õ¡Õ¯Õ¡Õ¶, ” criminel ”)
et yegheragan (եղեO~@ական, ” déplorable, tragique ”) comme
des synonymes, en classant cette utilisation comme ” archaïque ”.9

Dans son Dictionnaire des Ã~Itymologies arméniennes (1926-35), le
linguiste Hrachia Acharian (1876-1953) a dressé la liste de toutes
les tentatives pour trouver l’étymologie de yeghern, mais il n’a
pas donné sa propre étymologie.10 Son disciple, Guevorg Jahukyan
(1920-2003) a suggéré une origine indo-européenne et l’a fait
dériver de la racine reconstruite *el (” annihiler , détruire
”), a partir de laquelle on trouve le mot grec ollumi, oleko (”
annihiler, détruire ”) et peut-être le mot hittite hullai (”
triompher, vaincre, annihiler ”).11 Il est moins probable, mais
pas complètement improbable, que la même racine ait donné le mot
reconstruit եղեռ ” crime ”, qui a donné naissance a yeghern
ainsi qu’a yegher.

Il convient de noter que le Nouveau Dictionnaire Haïgazian
définit aghed (աղէտ) comme ” anhenarin tcharik, vnas; vodjir,
abiradoutioun ”12 ce qui montre que yeghern et aghed signifiaient
tous les deux ” crime ” et ” catastrophe ” en arménien classique.

Le sens de ” yeghern ” dans les textes du 5ème siècle

Les plus anciennes attestations de l’existence de yeghern apparaissent
dans la traduction arménienne de la Bible au 5ème siècle. Il est
dit dans le verset 10 du chapitre 3 du livre d’Amos : ” Ils ne savent
pas agir avec droiture, dit l’Ã~Iternel, ceux qui entassent dans leurs
palais la violence et la rapine ” (Version Standard Révisée -VSR)
; la traduction en arménien classique du même passage de la Bible
se traduirait en francais par ” Ils ne connaissaient pas le yeghern
qui arriverait a ceux, dit l’Ã~Iternel, qui entassaient la violence
et la misère dans leurs provinces ”. Dans le contexte où ” Un
ennemi investira le pays, il détruira tes forces, et tes palais
seront pillés ” (Verset 11 du Chapitre 3 du Livre d’Amos, VSR),
yeghern devrait être traduit par ” mal ” pour rester dans le cadre
de la version VSR.

Néanmoins, la traduction par ” calamité ” ne saurait être exclue.

Il est intéressant de noter que la traduction en arménien occidental,
directement depuis le texte original en grec et hébreu, traduit
le même passage par ” car ils ne savent pas faire oughghoutioun,
dit l’Ã~Iternel, ils entassent la privation et la rapine dans leur
palais ” où oughghoutioun signifie ” bien ” ; cela implique qu’ils
n’agissent pas bien, mais qu’ils font le mal.13 La traduction en
arménien oriental (depuis l’arménien classique) répète l’expression
: ” Ils ne savaient pas le yeghern qui devait leur arriver ”. Les
traducteurs ont replacé le mot dans son contexte avec le sens de ”
mal ” ; autrement, ils l’auraient traduit par aghed (” catastrophe
”).14

Yeghern apparaît encore une fois dans la Bible dans le passage assez
difficile du verset 50 du chapitre 4 du Livre 2 des Maccabées : ”
Mais Ménélas, a cause de la cupidité des puissants, se maintint au
pouvoir, grandissant en malice et se posant en principal adversaire
de ses concitoyens ” (VSR). Voici littéralement la traduction en
arménien classique : ” Et ainsi grâce a la cupidité et a l’avarice
de ceux qui étaient au pouvoir, Ménélas resta. Il établit la
malveillance, étant medz yeghern vnas a ses concitoyens. ” Il est
assez probable que les mots medz yeghern aient servi de qualificatif
pour vnas (” mal ”).

L’adjectif medzyeghern (en un mot), qui n’est pas utilisé en arménien
moderne, apparaît dans les premiers dictionnaires bilingues en étant
traduit par ” criminel, odieux ” ou ” exécrable, abominable ;
malfaisant, odieux ”.15 L’arménien oriental traduit ” medz yeghern
vnas ” par ” grands maux ” (” medzamedz tcharikner ”).16

Yeznik Koghbatsi, un intellectuel remarquable qui faisait partie du
groupe des traducteurs de la Bible, a utilisé yeghern trois fois
dans sa Réfutation des Sectes 17 :

1) ” Nous disons que cela est arrivé a l’homme non par yeghern,
mais par bonté ” (I :11).

2) Si Ormizt [Ahura Mazda] connut la pensée de son père,
pourquoi ne connut-il pas l’intention de son perfide frère de trouer
l’abdomen, de sortir et d’aller prendre le royaume, ce qui serait
yeghern pour lui et ses créatures ? (II :4) 3) ” Ou lorsque
quelqu’un voit un ami aller a des endroits remplis de bandits et
dit qu’il y trouvera le yeghern, il ne sera pas la cause d’un mal ”
(II :16)18

La première occurrence signifie clairement ” mal ” : la deuxième
peut être traduite aussi comme ” mal ” ou comme ” catastrophe ”
; alors que la troisième associe sans aucun doute ” les endroits
remplis de bandits ” au ” crime ”.

Le Nouveau Dictionnaire Haïgazian a inclus les citations suivantes
prises des traductions arméniennes d’un des Pères de l’Ã~Iglise,
Jean Chrysostome :

1) ” Ce yeghern leur tomba sur la tête ” 2) ” Quand le
mal, dans toute sa superbe, triomphe, le yeghern est a sa tête ”19

Nous supposons que le premier cas correspond probablement a la
traduction anglaise : ” Le mal retombera sur sa tête ”20 alors
que la seconde référence pourrait être traduite par ” crime ”.

Le dictionnaire a même cité l’historien Eusèbe de Césarée comme
ayant joué un rôle dans son identification inexacte de yeghern et
yegher : ” Les pleurs [yeghers] et les crimes [vodjirs] sévissaient
a travers la terre d’Ã~Igypte ”.21

Le tableau suivant résume les sept utilisations de yeghern et leur
traduction la plus appropriée :

Source Amos 3:10 2 Maccabées 4:50 Yeznik I:11 Yeznik II:4 Yeznik
II:16 Jean Chrysostome Jean Chrysostome Sens Mal/Catastrophe Criminel,
odieux (medzyeghern) Mal Mal/Catastrophe Catastrophe Mal (?) Crime

Acharian a défini le sens de yeghern en arménien classique par
” portzank, tcharik ” tous les deux signifiant ” mal ” ou ”
catastrophe ”. Bien qu’on débattra du fait qu’il n’ait pas traduit
yeghernpar ” crime ”, en arménien classique, il est extrêmement
important qu’il ait défini vodjir comme yeghern : de plus, il a noté
que yeghern ” dans la nouvelle langue littéraire, signifie vodjir
[crime] ”.22 Jahukyan a défini correctement yeghern en arménien
classique par ” portsank, tcharik, vodjir ”.23

Yeghern appartenait aux champs sémantiques de ” mal ”, ” crime ”
et ” catastrophe ” au Vème siècle après JC. Nous verrons s’il a
continué a avoir ces trois différents sens dans l’époque moderne,
dans ” la nouvelle langue littéraire ” ; et si Acharian, le plus
grand linguiste arménien de tous les temps, avait raison ou tort.

Traduction de l’anglais par Tigran Mheryan pour le Collectif VAN –
10 janvier 2013 – 06 :00 –

————————————————————————————–

Notes

1 Aris Janigian, Riverbig, Berkeley : Heyday Books, 2009, p. 66.

2 Garin K. Hovannisian, Family of Shadows: A Century of Murder, Memory,
and the Armenian American Dream [Famille d’ombres : un siècle de
massacre, de souvenir et le rêve arménien en Amérique], New York :
Harper Collins, 2010, p. 249.

3 Chris Bohjalian, The Sandcastle Girls Dream [Les filles du château
de sable], New York : Doubleday, 2012, p. 6.

4 William Safran, “Comparing Visions of the Nation: The Role of
Ethnicity, Religion and Diasporan Nationalism in Armenian, Jewish and
Sikh relations to the Homeland” [Visions comparées de la Nation :
le rôle de l’ethnie, de la religion et du nationalisme de la diaspora
dans les relations arméniennes, juives et sikhs avec la patrie] chez
Mitchell Young, Eric Zuelow et Andreas Sturm (eds.), Nationalism in
a Global Era: the Persistence of Nations [Le nationalisme dans une
ère globale : la persistance des nations], Oxford and New York :
Routledge, 2007, p. 39.

5 Fuad Dundar, Crime of Numbers: The Role of Statistics in the
Armenian Question (1878-1918), [Le Crime des chiffres : le rôle
des statistiques dans la question arménienne] – New Brunswick :
Transaction Publishers, 2010, p. 6.

6 Selcuk AkÅ~_in Somel, Christophe K. Neumann et Amy Singer :
“Introduction: Re-Sounding Silent Voices,” [Introduction : les voix
silencieuses résonnant de nouveau] in Amy Singer, Christophe K.

Neumann et Selcuk AkÅ~_in Somel (eds.), Untold Histories of the Middle
East: Recovering Voices from the 19th and 20th Centuries [Une histoire
inédite du Moyen-Orient : les voix retrouvées a partir du 19ème
et du 20ème siècle], Oxford and New York : Routledge, 2011, p. 6 ;
Susae Elanchenny and Narod MaraÅ~_liyan, Breaking the Ice: The Role of
Civil Society and Media in Turkey-Armenia Relations [Briser la glace :
le rôle de la société civile et des médias dans les relations de
l’Arménie et de la Turquie], Istanbul : Istanbul Kultur University,
2012, p. 14.

7 Bargirk haykazian lezvi [Dictionnaire de l’arménien classique], vol.

1, Venice: Antoni Bortoli, 1749, p. 227, 239.

8 Nor bargirk Haykazian lezvi [Nouveau dictionnaire de la langue
arménienne classique], vol. 1, Venice : S. Lazarus Press, 1836, p.

654.

9 Voir, par exemple, Eduard Aghayan, Ardi hayereni batsadrakan bararan
[Dictionnaire explicatif de l’arménien moderne], vol. 1, Yerevan :
Hayastan, 1976, p. 323.

10 Hrachia Acharian, Hayeren armatakan bararan [Dictionnaire des
racines arméniennes], vol. 2, Yerevan : Yerevan University Press,
1928, p. 694.

11 Guevorg Jahukyan, Hayeren stugabanakan bararan [Dictionnaire
étymologique arménien], Yerevan : Asoghik, 2010, p. 213.

12 Nor bargirk Haykazian lezvi [Nouveau dictionnaire de l’arménien
classique], p. 39.

13 Astvatzashunch girk Hin yev Nor Ktakaranats [La Bible : L’Ancien
et le Nouveau Testament], Constantinople: M. Hohan, 1857, p. 1025.

14 Astvatzashunch matean Hin yev Nor Ktakaranneri [La Bible Sacrée :
L’Ancien et le Nouveau Testament], Holy Echmiadzin : Bible Society
of Armenia, 1994, p. 1093.

15 Father Paschal Aucher and John Brand, A Dictionary English and
Armenian [Dictionnaire Anglais-Arménien], Venice : Armenian Academy of
S. Lazarus, 1821, p. 213, 421; Rev. Matthias Bedrossian, New Dictionary
Armenian-English [Nouveau Dictionnaire Anglais-Arménien], Venice:
St. Lazarus, 1875-1879, p. 464.

16 Astvatzashunch matean Hin yev Nor Ktakaranneri, p. 697. Les livres
deutérocanoniques tels que II Macabées n’ont pas été traduits en
arménien occidental.

17 Yeznka Koghbatsvo Bagrevanda yepiskoposi Yeghdz aghandots
[Réfutation des Sectes par Yeznik Koghbatsi, Ã~Ivêque du Bagrevand],
Venice : St. Lazarus Monastery, 1926, p. 46, 140, 180.

18 La version arménienne orientale donne le sens de “mal”
“acte criminel” et “tragédie” (Yeznik Koghbatsi, Yeghdz agandots
[Réfutation des Sectes], A. A. Abrahamyan, traducteur, Yerevan :
Hayastan, 1970, p. 48, 91, 110).

19 Nor bargirk Haykazian lezvi [Nouveau dictionnaire de la langue
arménienne classique] p. 654.

20 The Homilies of S. John Chrysostom, Archbishop of Constantinople,
on the Gospel of St. Matthew [Les Homélies de Saint-Jean Chrysostome,
Archevêque de Constantinople, sur l’Ã~Ivangile de Saint-Matthieu],
Oxford : John Henry Parker, 1851, p. 835.

21Nor bargirk Haykazian lezvi [Nouveau dictionnaire de la langue
arménienne classique], p. 654.

22 Acharian, Hayeren armatakan bararan [Dictionnaire des racines
arméniennes], vol. 2, p. 694; vol. 5, Yerevan : Yerevan University
Press, 1931, p. 501.

23 Jahukyan, Hayeren stugabanakan bararan [Dictionnaire étymologique
de l’arménien] p. 213.

———————————————————————————————-

Lire aussi :

1- L’instrumentalisation de la ” Grande Catastrophe ”

2 – Analyse sur les expressions du génocide arménien

3 – ” Medz Yeghern ” ou la terminologie du négationnisme

Retour a la rubrique

Source/Lien : Armenian Weekly

From: Baghdasarian

http://www.collectifvan.org/article.php?r=0&id=70309
www.collectifvan.org
www.collectifvan.org

L’Ambassadeur Francais Aime La Cuisine Armenienne

L’AMBASSADEUR FRANCAIS AIME LA CUISINE ARMENIENNE
Stephane

armenews.com
jeudi 10 janvier 2013

L’Ambassadeur francais en Armenie Henri Reynaud aime la cuisine
armenienne, a-t-il declare lors d’une rencontre avec des elèves de
l’ecole n ° 78 en reponse a une question.

” J’aime certains produits alimentaires armenien ” a declare
l’ambassadeur, en nommant plus particulièrement les abricots armeniens.

” Vous ne trouverez pas de ces delicieux abricots en France ”
a-t-il ajoute.

Henri Reynaud aime aussi les fruits secs. Il aime les plats a base
de viande de mouton ainsi que la truite du lac Sevan (‘Ishkhan’).

jeudi 10 janvier 2013, Stephane ©armenews.com

From: Baghdasarian

Derniers Preparatifs Techniques Avant L’ouverture De L’aeroport De S

DERNIERS PREPARATIFS TECHNIQUES AVANT L’OUVERTURE DE L’AEROPORT DE STEPANAKERT
Krikor Amirzayan

armenews.com
jeudi 10 janvier 2013

Dimitri Adbachian, le responsable de l’aviation civile de la
Republique du Haut Karabagh vient d’affirmer que les vols de
l’aeroport de Stepanakert vont debuter prochainement. Actuellement les
autorites procèdent au recrutement et a la formation du personnel de
l’aeroport. ” Un certain nombre de problèmes techniques sont en passe
d’etre regles ” a confie D. Adbachian a l’agence ” Armenpress “. Le
prix du billet Stepanakert-Erevan coûtera entre 18 et 19 000 drams.

Neanmoins il n’a pas revele le nombre d’avions qui seront affectes a
l’aeroport de la capitale du Haut Karabagh. L’aeroport de Stepanakert
fut construit en 1974. Elle accueillait essentiellement des avions
venus d’Erevan et de Bakou. En 1992 son activite cessa du fait
de la guerre. En 2008 debuta la construction un nouveau bâtiment
ultra-moderne, avec son architecture ressemblant a un aigle aux
ailes deployes, symbole de la Republique du Haut Karabagh. Mais
depuis l’annonce de son ouverture, l’Azerbaïdjan menace de prendre
pour cible les avions civils en cas de fonctionnement de l’aeroport
de Stepanakert. Une position de Bakou, largement condamnee par la
communaute internationale.

jeudi 10 janvier 2013, Krikor Amirzayan ©armenews.com

From: Baghdasarian

Vote 2013: Presidential Wannabes Decry Electoral Deposit Requirement

VOTE 2013: PRESIDENTIAL WANNABES DECRY ELECTORAL DEPOSIT REQUIREMENT

09.01.13 | 13:13

By Gohar Abrahamyan
ArmeniaNow reporter

The requirement of an electoral deposit to stand for president in
next month’s election in Armenia has become a real problem for some
of the hopefuls, who consider the norm unconstitutional.

Enlarge Photo Robert Simonyan, Pavlik Sargsyan

As many as seven out of 15 candidates who have submitted documents
to the Central Election Commission (CEC) by January 4 have failed
to enclose a receipt confirming their payment of 8 million drams
(about $20,000) as an electoral deposit, which is a requirement of
the current Election Code.

So far, only eight candidates have complied with the norm. They are:
leader of the Republican Party of Armenia, incumbent President Serzh
Sargsyan, leader of the opposition Heritage Party Raffi Hovannisian,
head of the Liberty Party, member of the Armenian National Congress’s
parliamentary faction Hrant Bagratyan, former Karabakh Foreign
Minister Arman Melikyan, Radio Hay director Andrias Ghukasyan,
National Self-Determination Union chairman Paruyr Hayrikyan and
specialist in epic studies Vardan Sedrakyan. (Aram Harutyunyan, of
the National Accord Party, paid his deposit only on Tuesday after
the CEC provided an additional 48 hours for it).

On Tuesday, the CEC held a special meeting inviting the potential
candidates, who haven’t paid the deposit, including head of the
Armenian National Federation of Combat Karate Taron Abrahamyan,
unemployed citizen Robert Aharonyan, European Court of Human Rights
lawyer, Prosperous Armenia Party member Ruben Ayvazyan, physicist
Mher Hayrapetyan, National Press Club Chairwoman Narine Lazarian,
pensioner Pavlik Sargsyan and Kashatagh NGO President Robert Simonyan.
(Ayvazyan later announced his withdrawal from the race).

Pensioner Pavlik Sargsyan (no relation to incumbent President Serzh
Sargsyan) and unemployed citizen Robert Simonyan told the election
body that they were not going to pay the deposit, but insisted
that they should be allowed to participate in the presidential
election as candidates. They called the provision of the election
law unconstitutional.

Both Sargsyan and Simonyan said they could not afford to pay the
money due to their social status. According to both of them, the
requirement to pay an electoral deposit limits the rights of citizens
to be elected and does not correspond to the Constitution, which does
not make any reference to an electoral deposit.

However, CEC Chairman Tigran Mukuchyan explained that such a
requirement is present in the Election Code and shall be applicable
in relation to all candidates.

Under the law, candidates shall receive their deposits back if they
manage to clear a five-percent threshold at elections. It is supposed
to prevent the nominations of people who do not enjoy a fair amount
of recognition or support among the public at large. In the past,
the collection of signatures in support of nominations was used as
such a barrier.

It was not immediately clear whether the two candidates protesting
the provision of the law as unconstitutional were going to take the
matter to the Constitutional Court.

The CEC again decided to give the candidates another 48 hours to
comply with the requirement. The process of official registration of
candidates is due to be completed in Armenia on January 14.

National Press Club Chairwoman Narine Lazarian, the only woman to
potentially participate in the race, told ArmeniaNow, meanwhile,
that she was trying to find the necessary amount of money for her
electoral deposit. She said, however, that she considered it wrong
to demand such a deposit.

“The mechanism of electoral deposits is gradually being abolished
elsewhere in the world, but in a poor country like Armenia it is
still being applied. This is an instance of discrimination, this
requirement of proof of solvency is meaningless,” said Lazarian.

Specialist in epic studies Vardan Sedrakyan, despite having paid the
electoral deposit, believes that it is an artificial barrier that
does not promote democracy in the country.

“Not only this electoral deposit, but also prices for political
advertisements are planned artificially so as to ensure that only
representatives of the elites are able to participate in the elections,
that is state officials or businessmen who are immediately linked to
the authorities,” Sedrakyan told ArmeniaNow.

Political analyst Levon Shirinyan also thinks that the availability
of an electoral deposit does not ensure equal rights to all citizens
in Armenia where social polarization is still very strong.

“An ordinary citizen cannot get to the elite controlling Armenia. This
electoral deposit should rather be a symbolic sum of money, otherwise
it becomes a tool that ensures the reproduction of the elites,”
said the analyst.

CEC Chairman Mukuchyan, however, considers the payment of electoral
deposits a normal electoral practice and thinks that the size of
the electoral deposit is acceptable for a country like Armenia. The
presence of such a deposit is believed to be a huge deterrent to all
sorts of phony candidates whose presence in the race could turn the
electoral process into a travesty.

From: Baghdasarian

http://armenianow.com/vote_2013/42370/armenia_presidential_election2013_electoral_pledge

Government To Discuss New Public Holiday For Armenia

GOVERNMENT TO DISCUSS NEW PUBLIC HOLIDAY FOR ARMENIA

News | 09.01.13 | 10:18

Armenia is likely to get another public holiday soon – the Day of
State Symbols.

The Ministry of Culture has suggested that the holiday be marked on
June 15, as it is on this day that the laws on the Flag of Armenia
and the Coat of Arms of Armenia were adopted by the National Assembly
in 2006.

Amendments to the Law “On Holidays and Memorial Days of Republic of
Armenia” are included in the agenda of the government’s meeting to
be held on January 10.

Armenia now has about a dozen and a half state, public and church
holidays during the year.

From: Baghdasarian

http://armenianow.com/news/42357/armenia_flag_holiday_state_symbols

Armenian Politician Slams Azerbaijan For Imposing Preconditions On K

ARMENIAN POLITICIAN SLAMS AZERBAIJAN FOR IMPOSING PRECONDITIONS ON KARABAKH

09.01.13

Imposing preconditions on Karabakh is a criminal approach by the
Azerbaijani authorities, says Arman Melikyan, a former foreign minister
of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic.

“Azerbaijan speaks of returning the deposits [of the Karabakh people],
but it puts forward numerous preconditions, with the demand for people
to declare themselves Azerbaijani citizens being the first. This is
a property issue, as a matter of fact, and has nothing to do with
Azerbaijan’s good faith,” the politician told Tert.am.

Melikyan explained that it does not absolutely matter whether the
Azerbaijanis will keep their promise. The important thing, according to
him, is what they are trying to propose to the Armenians of Karabakh,
the Azerbaijani-Armenian refugees and the world community.

“Azerbaijan will pay lost property damage to more than half a million
Armenians; it should also be held responsible for the financial means.

We just have to guide our people in the right direction, and that
has to be done continuously,” he said, adding that both Armenia and
Karabakh have failed to work properly in that direction.

“People are actually forced to take inadequate steps, but Azerbaijan
has to think first of all of paying the property and financial damage
to the more than 500,000 Armenians,” Melikyan added.

Asked what steps are necessary to guide the society in the right
direction, preventing the impact of the Azerbaijani propaganda, the
politician stressed the importance of efforts to bring the issue on
the international agenda.

“It is, unfortunately, about twenty years that the authorities of
neither Armenia nor Karabakh have been consistently dealing with the
issue,” he said.

From: Baghdasarian

http://tert.am/en/news/2013/01/09/arman-meliklyan/

Aliyev Still Eager To Hit Civilian Aircraft

ALIYEV STILL EAGER TO HIT CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT

PanARMENIAN.Net
January 9, 2013

Baku should consider its actions before ordering to shoot down
civilian aircraft.

The year 2013 has just started, and Azerbaijan again voices threats
against Stepanakert airport. According to Azerbaijani APA agency,
“a high-ranking Air Force and Air Defence official who wished to
remain unnamed said that the country permanently controls its air
space with radar systems.”

PanARMENIAN.Net – It turns out that the Azerbaijani army is on alert
to prevent any attempt of the enemy to enter their airspace. “Even the
drones the Armenians launch over Karabakh are being registered. The
attempts of the Armenians to operate flights prohibited in this
territory will be prevented anyway. We control all processes and are
ready for preventive actions at any moment. It can be done by any
means, and the enemy is aware of it. The international conventions
Azerbaijan has joined allow it to take actions with regard to attempts
to violate the internationally recognized airspace. In fact, there
is legal framework for Azerbaijan to justify its moves,” the unnamed
officer declared.

It is no secret that Baku has trouble with the legal framework. A
question arises – can there possibly be any international legislation
that authorizes shoot-down of the civilian aircraft? There has been
a similar incident once: on September 1, 1983 the Soviet interceptor
SU-15 shot down Boeing 747 of Korean AirLines. All 246 passengers
and 23 members of the crew of the Korean civilian airliner were killed.

USSR was finally declared the “Empire of Evil” and collapsed 8 years
later…

A lie repeated a hundred of times ceases to be one; it now serves
another purpose, namely, it misleads both their own army and
the people. It is widely known that Azerbaijan is eager to launch
hostilities against Nagorno Karabakh, and Armenia in general. Russian
political scientist Alexander Skakov openly states that Baku has
already taken a decision to start the war; the date just needs to be
confirmed. If Baku starts the war, the hostilities will most likely
be launched towards the presidential vote scheduled for fall 2013 in
Azerbaijan. Despite the loud and delightful statements, Ilham Aliyev
will again have to forge the results of the elections; then rallies
and arrests will come, following the scenario of 2008. If one takes
into account that the Aliyev clan is facing increasingly deteriorating
attitude by the international community, Aliyev’s future appears quite
gloomy. And here is the moment they would need a small triumphant war.

No matter the war turns out to be neither a small nor a triumphant
one; the important thing is to launch hostilities, and flights from
Stepanakert to Yerevan may really trigger this.

Here the beginning of the World War II can be reminded. The parallel
is not a commensurable one, and still… On September 1, 1939 at about
10a.m. Hitler got up on the rostrum and declared that Poland’s regular
army had broken into the territory of Germany and started firing.

Since 5:45 a.m., German soldiers have been firing and shelling in
response. Later they claimed that the war was triggered by the attack
of Polish guerillas against Gleiwitz radio station near the Polish
border. Anti-German slogans were allegedly being shouted, and a German
technician was reported to be killed during the incident. Later the
attack appeared to be a staged one.

A graduate of Moscow State Institute of International Relations is
apparently aware of all this, and he should have known the outcome
of the World War II as well. In this case, Germany will be replaced
by Azerbaijan, and Baku’s strategists must always bear this in mind.

Turkey may lend a helping hand to Azerbaijan, or the Islamic
solidarity might work here. However, nobody is going to carry the war
for Ilham Aliyev; the dismal experience of the national-liberation
fight in Karabakh in early 90s obviously made various mercenaries
reluctant to do it again. Much can be purchased for money, but the
skill for warfare is not the thing Aliyev can buy. Even though the
Turkish military are far more educated than the Azerbaijanis, NATO
specialists will deal with úòë Patriot. Hence Baku should consider
its actions before ordering to shoot down civilian aircraft.

Karine Ter-Sahakian

From: Baghdasarian