Turkish press: Russia suggests organizing commission on Armenia, Azerbaijan border delimitation

Elena Teslova   |20.05.2021
( Arif Hüdaverdi Yaman – Anadolu Agency )

MOSCOW

Russia suggested creating a joint Armenian-Azerbaijani commission on border delimitation, Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said Wednesday. 

Speaking at a news conference following a meeting with his Tajik counterpart, Sirojiddin Muhriddin, in Dushanbe, Lavrov said Russia could participate.

“According to the preliminary agreement with the parties, the Russian Federation offered to provide assistance in the first place for the delimitation and demarcation of the border, taking the initiative to create a joint Armenian-Azerbaijani commission for this purpose, in which Russia could participate as a consultant if you want, a mediator,” he said.

The initiative was proposed in response to Armenia’s application to the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) for a conflict on the border with Azerbaijan where the Azerbaijani army settled certain sites in Lachin and Kalbajar provinces which were liberated from Armenian occupation last year.

Relations between the two former Soviet republics of Armenia and Azerbaijan have been tense since 1991 when the Armenian military occupied Nagorno-Karabakh, also known as Upper Karabakh, a territory internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan, and seven adjacent regions.

Last year the conflict escalated again and lasted for six weeks, ending up with a Russian-brokered truce.

During that time Azerbaijan liberated several strategic cities and nearly 300 of its settlements and villages from Armenian occupation. The two countries signed a Russian-brokered agreement on Nov. 10 to end the fighting and work toward a comprehensive resolution.

A joint Turkish-Russian center was established to monitor the truce. Russian peacekeeping troops have also been deployed in the region.

– Lavrov welcomes Tajik – Kyrgyz settlement, promises to strengthen Tajik border with Afghanistan

Lavrov then welcomed a settlement between Tajikistan and Kyrgystan provoked by a border argument and said the sides also started delimitation of the border.

“We talked about the positive example of the transition from confrontation to cooperation, which is presented by the Republic of Tajikistan and the Kyrgyz Republic. We are very happy that the hot phase of the recent conflict is behind us, but most importantly, the countries have begun to work on delimitation and demarcation,” he said.

Lavrov had concerns about possible aggravation in Afghanistan because of the US troops’ withdrawal and announced that Russia will help Tajikistan build a new border post on the Tajik – Afghan border.

On April 28, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan clashed over a water intake located on the border that both sides consider part of their territory.

It started between residents of neighboring villages and then followed with the involvement of the military.

But the leaders of the two countries quickly and peacefully resolved the issue.

European Parliament to hold debate on Armenian POWs

Public Radio of Armenia

On May 20 the European Parliament will hold a debate on prisoners of war in the aftermath of the most recent conflict in Nagorno Karaabkh.

Issue will be considered as part of a debate on  on cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law.

Following the discussions the MEPs will vote on a relevant resolution.

Earlier this month over 120 Members of European Parliament sent a letter to the President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen and President of the European Council Charles Michel, asking the European institutions to bring all their weight to demand the release of prisoners out of pure respect for international law.

“The European Union can no longer leave Armenia in this unbearable situation; we must act so that violence does not once again take precedence over the law. We are proud of the principles that bind us together: they must urge us today to bring all our weight, and use all levers at our disposal, to demand that Azerbaijan purely and solely respect international law. If Europe wishes to fulfill its commitments, it must ensure that this violation of international law in its neighborhood does not become a tragic precedent. Otherwise, its silence and inaction will turn into historical responsibility,” the MEPs said.

The military police unit of the Russian peacekeeping contingent in Nagorno-Karabakh is patrolling the Lachin corridor

Panorama, Armenia

Military personnel of the Russian peacekeeping continent continue to perform tasks to monitor compliance with the ceasefire and ensure the safety of motor transport, transportation of food and various goods along the Lachin (Berdzor) corridor, Russian Defense Ministry reported. 

Since November 12 last year, the military police unit of the Russian peacekeeping contingent in Nagorno-Karabakh has been patrolling the Lachin corridor on a daily basis. The purpose of this patrol is to monitor the implementation of the ceasefire agreement, gather information, check areas of terrain that are not visible from observation posts, and demonstrate the presence of the Russian peacekeeping contingent.

“The Lachin corridor is a road that connects the city of Stepanakert with Armenia. The Russian peacekeeping contingent, in accordance with the agreements, exercises control over it. Control is carried out not only of the road, but also of the approaches to it up to 5 kilometers wide, ” said Lieutenant Colonel Ivan Kuzmin, an officer of the military police unit. “The corridor is patrolled daily. In all weather conditions. The most difficult period was December – January, when there were serious fogs on the Lachin corridor, as well as icing of the road,” he added.

Every day, the length of the patrol routes of the military police of the Russian peacekeeping contingent is about 50 kilometers, the source said. 

In addition to the tasks of patrolling the Lachin corridor, the military police unit of the Russian peacekeeping contingent is regularly involved in ensuring security during humanitarian actions, escorting pilgrims to the monasteries of Amaras and Dadivank, located in the immediate vicinity of the line of demarcation of the parties, as well as escorting convoys with humanitarian supplies delivering everything necessary for the restoration of the infrastructure of the Kelbajar district and other events.

Parliament approves pardoning draft evaders

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 10:09, 6 May, 2021

YEREVAN, MAY 6, ARMENPRESS. The government-backed bill on granting pardon to draft evaders was adopted by parliament at the second reading with 83 votes in favor.

The pardon will be granted to those who evaded service before September 27, 2020 – the day when the 2020 Artsakh War began, and who are above the age of 27 (35 for reserve officers).

Justice Minister Rustam Badasyan had earlier said the government made the decision in order to enable draft evaders to “contribute to the economic, social, spiritual and cultural development” of the country. He said the decision was made upon the principle of solidarity.

Those who are fugitives under the respective article of the penal code will also be granted pardon.

Editing and Translating by Stepan Kocharyan

Nagorno Karabakh conflict is far from being resolved, reiterates Yerevan

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 14:56, 6 May, 2021

YEREVAN, MAY 6, ARMENPRESS. Caretaker FM Ara Aivazian reiterated the Armenian stance that the Nagorno Karabakh conflict is far from being resolved.

“I once again reiterated our clear stance that the Nagorno Karabakh conflict is far from being resolved. Only through peaceful negotiations it is possible to reach a comprehensive political resolution which will take into account the rights of all and will bring peace and stability to South Caucasus,” Aivazian said at a joint press conference with Russian FM Sergey Lavrov in Yerevan. “And the basis of such resolution should first of all be the determination of Artsakh’s status within the borders where the people of Artsakh have self-determined,” he added.

Aivazian said Armenia is interested in the further strengthening and bolstering of the OSCE Minsk Group Co-chairmanship format.

Aivazian said Armenia fully agrees with the OSCE MG Co-Chairing countries’ stance which was presented in the April 13 statement noting that “special attention should be paid to the achievement of a final comprehensive and sustainable settlement on the basis of the elements and principles well-known to the sides.”

The Armenian FM emphasized that nearly 6 months after the war Azerbaijan – in violation of international humanitarian law – is disrupting the implementation of the terms of the ceasefire statement and is refusing to return all prisoners of war, including civilians.

 

Editing and Translating by Stepan Kocharyan

Azerbaijan Feels Pressure to Join Moscow-Dominated Eurasian Economic Union

Jamestown Foundation
April 28 2021


Considering this compilation of unresolved problems and frustrations topping the agendas between Armenia, Azerbaijan and Russia, a peaceful and stable “Eurasian Partnership” through Baku’s accession to the
EEU seems like a distant prospect. If the regional transit projects and reconciliation process with Armenia proceed successfully with Russia’s explicit support, Azerbaijan may find it more difficult to continue to shun Eurasian Economic Union membership. And indeed, Moscow will surely then attempt to increase its political pressure on Baku, using its military presence on Azerbaijani soil as additional leverage. As for Azerbaijan, the vocal and active support it enjoys from Turkey may be a game-changer for developing its foreign and domestic policy. However, Baku understands that, for now at least, it needs Moscow on its side as well in order to consolidate the outcomes of the 2020 war and to ensure a stable reconciliation process with Yerevan.The next meeting of the Intergovernmental Council of the Moscow-led Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) will be held in the central Russian city of Kazan, on April 29–30 (TASS, March 17). A key agenda item for the EEU member states may reportedly be to discuss the possibility of bestowing observer status on Azerbaijan and, at a minimum, to allow its delegation to take part in this and future meetings, if officials from Yerevan approve. For Russia, this would be an important first step toward Baku’s eventual full membership in the regionalist bloc (Central.asia-news.com, April 19; Turan, April 24). However, from the point of view of Armenia, several important issues will need to be addressed before it would agree to Azerbaijani attendance at this week’s EEU gathering.

One such crucial issue regards the fate of Armenian prisoners held by Baku since the end of the last autumn’s Second Karabakh War. Yerevan claims there are around 200 Armenian prisoners of war in Azerbaijan and demands their immediate return; whereas, Azerbaijan contends that there are only 62, all of whom were allegedly members of sabotage groups arrested in the aftermath of the ceasefire agreement, in December (EurasiaNet, January 14).

The dispute over prisoners is not the only hotly debated spat between the formerly warring parties. In fact, a core element of the November 9, 2020, ceasefire agreement calls for the establishment of a transit corridor between mainland Azerbaijan and its exclave of Nakhchivan, via Armenia’s Syunik province. However, Baku is losing patience over the fact that this unblocking of regional communication lines cannot be fulfilled properly due to political instability in Armenia combined with current frictions in Azerbaijani-Russian relations (see EDM, April 5, 13, 20, 21; see below).

According to the Armenian side, the participation of an Azerbaijani delegation at the EEU will be possible only after each of the aforementioned issues are resolved properly. Though of course Moscow can be expected to have overwhelming influence over this debate. That said, Armenia and Russia’s provocative actions in Karabakh—such as their stated plans to hold military parades in Khojaly, the site of an atrocity against Azerbaijanis in 1992 (Minval, Baki Xabar, April 21)—further complicate the situation.

In fact, Azerbaijan has always been reluctant to join any political and military alliance, including the Moscow-led Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and EEU, cooperating little with either. Until now, the decades-long conflict with neighboring Armenia in Karabakh justified Baku’s unwillingness to seek membership in Russia-dominated regional formats that included Yerevan. But the new postwar geopolitical order in the South Caucasus may change Azerbaijan’s strategic calculus toward the EEU. And undoubtedly, that will suit Russia’s interests, as Moscow eyes establishing a common “Eurasian Partnership” format that would link the former Soviet area with China. Azerbaijan, which is strategically located at the nexus of multiple north-south and east-west cross-continental transportation corridors, is thus an important part of this broader Russian plan (Turan,. April 24, 2021; see EDM, April 13, 2016, April 18, 2016, February 18, 2021). Moreover, Azerbaijani membership in the EEU is likely to facilitate greater integration of the South Caucasus region into the Russian sphere of influence, lessen Armenia’s long-term isolation, and bolster Russia’s communication links with Iran, Turkey and the wider Middle East. Such membership is, thus, strategically important for Russia but less economically profitable for Azerbaijan.

Baku might obtain some political dividends for joining the EEU, such as the transfer of additional Karabakh territories to Azerbaijani jurisdiction. Yet, in light of the current tensions between Baku and Moscow, Azerbaijani acquiescence to full membership looks unlikely for now. Since the beginning of April, mass media in Azerbaijan has been harshly criticizing the Russian “peacekeeping” mission in Karabakh for preparing to hold a May 9 Victory Day Parade in Khojaly. And it has rebuked Moscow for providing Armenia with sophisticated Iskander ballistic missiles, which appear to have been fired at civilian Azerbaijani targets during the Second Karabakh War (Jam-news, April 21; Armenian Weekly, April 7; see EDM, February 25). Recently, President Ilham Aliyev publicly called on Russia to explain how Armenia acquired the more advanced “M” version (i.e., not the “E” or export version) of the Iskander missile, referring to newly discovered remnants of the missile in Shusha (Caspiannews, April 22). In addition, as stated above, the issue of the Nakhchivan corridor remains an apple of discord between Baku and Nikol Pashinyan’s government in Yerevan: the latter does not want to make any concessions ahead of the looming snap elections in June. Armenia wants to see a re-establishment of the Soviet-era Yerevan–Tbilisi–Baku railway simultaneously with the construction of a transit line in the north, passing through the Armenian town of Ijevan (RBK,April 7). But Azerbaijan insists on reopening the southern railway route along the Iranian border (in line with the November 2020 ceasefire agreement), which is the shortest way to connect the mainland with Nakhchivan.

Opinion: Why Biden’s Recognition of the Armenian Genocide Is so Crucial for Making American Lives Matter

Politicus USA
May 2 2021

 


By Tim Libretti
 

A term frequently used to describe Donald Trump’s behavior during his unfortunate and hateful presidency was “unprecedented.”

And it wasn’t meant in a positive way.

Indeed, Trump’s flouting of political norms, his overt racism and sexism and general peddling of hate, his naked abuse of the presidency to enrich himself and his family and to seek vengeance on his political enemies, his incessant lying, attacks on the free press, and more, were behaviors that in their extremity and flagrancy merited the descriptor “unprecedented.”

As I chronicled in periodic pieces in PoliticusUsa over the last four years, Trump’s presidency was, on multiple levels, an ongoing genocidal endeavor, an assault on human life itself. From blatantly enabling Turkish leader Recep Tayyip Erdogan in his ethnic cleansing of the Kurdish people in northeast Syria in October 2019, to his caging of children at the border, to his failure to respond to or even acknowledge the coronavirus pandemic while over 500,000 Americans perished, to his racist rhetoric that motivated mass shootings and overall endorsed the view that the lives of people of color simply don’t matter, Trump’s presidency could certainly be characterized as a concerted effort to undermine human life, as a genocidal mission.

Trump’s rush to execute death row prisoners as his term neared its end exemplifies the work of his murderous administration, solidifying his legacy, in the words of Joanna Walters,

writing in The Guardian, “as the most prolific execution president in over 130 years.”

As I’ve documented (here, here, and here), many of Trump’s behaviors and policies certainly fall under the definitional practices of genocide detailed in the United Nation’s 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide.

So when President Joseph Biden last week officially declared the Turk’s mass slaughter of Armenians in 1915 during the breakup of the Ottoman Empire an act of genocide, he not only gave a new and positive connotation to the adjective “unprecedented,” he also set an important course for a presidency whose guiding principle appears to be to affirm and support life, not traffic in death and peddle the hate that enables murderous behavior.

For fear of straining relations with the Turkish government, previous presidents have remained silent when it comes to naming the Turkish massacre of 1.5 million Armenians a genocide, including Barack Obama, whose ambassador to the United Nations Samantha Power wrote a Pulitzer-prize winning book in 2002 titled A Problem from Hell: America and the Age of Genocide, which discusses a length the Armenian genocide.

Biden’s unprecedented declaration, we need to recognize, has as much to do with his domestic agenda of supporting American lives, of ensuring they matter, as it does with his foreign policy and his efforts to restore a basic moral compass to America’s global character.

As Jason Easley wrote in reporting on Biden’s official naming of the Armenian genocide, “Americans could be watching a very special presidency unfolding before our eyes.”

It is important to recognize that the genocidal rhetoric Trump applied to the border between Syria and Turkey, legitimating removal and even extermination of the Kurds in 2019, was really no different from the rhetoric he deployed in his domestic policy regarding the southern border to validate an equally genocidal behavior.

When Trump talked about peoples seeking to immigrate to the U.S. across the southern border, he notoriously referred to them as “criminals” and “racists” and spoke about those “caravans” of

people fleeing mass violence and seeking asylum as “invasions” or “infestations.” He used similar language to talk about communities at home and abroad inhabited by peoples of color, referring to Baltimore as a “rat and rodent infested mess” and Haiti and African nations as “shithole countries.”

This language turns these groups of people, indeed entire nations of people, into problems that need to be “cleaned out.” Just as Trump insisted that “Turkey, in all fairness,” has “had a legitimate problem” on the border with “terrorists” and “a lot of people in there they couldn’t have” such that “they had to have it cleaned out,” he used the same language with regard to people of color in our inner cities, to people of color from the south seeking to enter the U.S. legally, and to people of color in nations abroad.  They all represent “a legitimate problem” needing to be “cleaned out.”

And, of course, even when he didn’t execute policy, he inspired and mobilized his racist army to action, as we saw both in the mass shootings at the Tree of Life synagogue and in El Paso. In both cases the shooters deployed Trump’s language of “invasion” to rationalize the mass killing of Jewish people and Mexicans, respectively.

Biden’s naming of the Armenian genocide signals his willingness to confront history and reality, not just around the world but in the United States, where the nation struggles to address—and redress—its own violent history of racism and genocide.

If the nation is, indeed, to “build back better,” it must confront the genocidal on which it was built.

His appointment of Deb Haaland as the first Native American Secretary of the Interior, among other appointments of people of color and people from other historically marginalized groups to his cabinet and other high-ranking positions, signals this willingness to confront America’s past in seeking to create a humane America that resets its foundation and realizes its principles of justice.

At the Democratic National Convention in 2020, Haaland forthrightly addressed America’s violent history of genocide and colonization. When’s the last time prior to that moment that when genocide was a topic of discussion at a Democratic convention?

Overall, Biden’s calling out genocide signals, we can hope, a presidency that will affirm life over death.

We see this already. While Trump pursue policies that destroyed the environment and pushed more people into poverty, Biden is pursuing policies that move to create an environment that sustains life and to raise wages to livable levels and address human need.

While Trump ignored the pandemic, calling it a hoax, Biden has in fact implemented a nation strategy and is now seeking to help nations around the globe.

While Trump and the Republicans seek to deny transgender people rights, Biden has moved to ensure their civil rights and their access to health care.

We could go on.

But the point is that where Trump’s policies furthered death, Biden has affirmed life in his policies, calling out and challenging genocide in unprecedented ways.

 

 

Tim Libretti

Tim Libretti is a professor of U.S. literature and culture at a state university in Chicago. A long-time progressive voice, he has published many academic and journalistic articles on culture, class, race, gender, and politics, for which he has received awards from the Working Class Studies Association, the International Labor Communications Association, the National Federation of Press Women, and the Illinois Woman’s Press Association.

Armenia on a platter

The Hindu

Raul Dias | Updated on  

*The pomegranate is not just seen in Armenian dishes in all its avatars — dried seeds, molasses etc — but one that is a de facto social, cultural and political symbol

* The barbecue-like dish that’s grilled on huge metallic skewers over a charcoal fire called a manghal is similar to what we know as kebabs or as shashlik in Russia.

* Another preparation that not many know of as an Armenian invention is the crisp and yummy flatbread called lavash

****

“I am a disco dancer,” the stall owner with the sparkliest of eyes I have ever seen starts singing to me when she learns that I am from India. A self-confessed Mithun Chakraborty fan, she begins to quiz me about the aged star the way an acquaintance, say, would ask about your favourite uncle. Not very Bollywood-savvy, I fob her questions off with a sheepish shrug and a weak smile…

Garland of Glory

It’s a rather torrid afternoon as I find myself enraptured with all things exotic and unusual at the GUM Food Market. This landmark is a gargantuan covered market, a little out of the main city centre of Armenia’s compact capital Yerevan. It’s my very first day in what is perhaps the most iconic of all the countries in the Caucasus and I’m ravenous, both in the literal sense and metaphorically, as I try to cram in every single morsel of information about this fascinating country. But more pertinently today, it’s food.

Speaking of which, the aforementioned stall owner insists on plying me with one sample after the other of an assortment of delicacies. “This one here is Armenian Snickers,” she laughs as she hands me a generous nugget of a dry fruit-filled sujuk to try. Made up of a string of dried walnut halves, dipped in a thick pomegranate jam-like syrup and left to harden, these divine tasting treats, priced around 100 for 250g, make for a great snack. Which is why I make sure to pack up several yards of the stuff to take back home with me.

A few feet away, at another stall, a portly man of indeterminate age indulges me with a few slices of another iteration of sujuk. Only this one isn’t remotely sweet or Snickers-like. Made with a mixture of pork and beef mince, this savoury garland of sujuk — which I soon learn is the generic Armenian term for sausages of all kinds — is a salty, umami-rich, meaty burst of flavour.

Along the same lines, basturma is what I am lovingly offered next. Here, a piece of dried, salted beef is preserved under a fat, protective layer of salt and spices such as cumin and paprika. These help in curing the meat till it achieves a jerky-like rubbery texture that my molars aren’t a big fan of!

I am quickly handed a small glass (free, again!) of the sweet and super-potent pomegranate wine to wash it all down with. Fitting, as the pomegranate is not just seen in a plethora of Armenian dishes in all its avatars — dried seeds, molasses etc — but one that is a de facto social, cultural and political symbol. One that is found on crests, emblems and other official signage across the country. And, yes, on the odd tacky souvenir too!

Borrowed Bites

As I travel across Armenia over the next few days, I am constantly reminded of how similar and recognisable some of the dishes in its culinary repertoire are. Take for instance the delicious and smoky khorovats that I eat at a tiny restaurant on the banks of the placid Lake Sevan. Made with either lamb or pork, this barbecue-like dish that’s grilled on huge metallic skewers over a charcoal fire called a manghal is similar to what we know as kebabs or as shashlik in Russia. As part of the former USSR, Armenia has adapted this dish using minimal seasoning — so as to let the meatiness shine through — to suit the local taste.

The same can be said of neighbouring Georgian dishes that have been adapted, like the khachapuri and the khinkali. While the former is an eye-shaped flatbread stuffed with cheese with an egg at its core, the latter is a steamed, meat-stuffed dumpling. These came to become popular in Armenia after its displaced diaspora brought back some Georgian dishes with them post independence in 1991 following the breakup of the Soviet Union.

And speaking of steamed, the Armenian manti dumplings stuffed with minced lamb or beef and smothered with either garlic-yogurt or tomato sauce is known multifariously as mandimandu or mante right from far western Pakistan to Iran. It can even be found in central Asian countries such as Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan.

The dolma or tolma as it is known in Armenian is another well-travelled dish that’s also found all over the Levant and Greece. Here, minced meat is mixed with rice and herbs and then wrapped in fresh grape leaves. Then it is steamed and served as an appetiser.

Traditional Tastes

However, it would be incorrect to say that all Armenian food is borrowed or at the very least inspired! At Tavern Yerevan, one of the city’s most popular restaurants serving traditional Armenian fare, I am introduced to the unusual flavours of one of the most iconic Armenian dishes — khash. This hearty, funky tasting soup is made from beef hooves and tripe. Traditionally Armenians eat khash in the early morning, before breakfast, adding chopped garlic and plenty of spicy greens.

Another preparation that not many know of as an Armenian invention is the crisp and yummy flatbread called lavash. At a cookery class I sign up for in the shadow of the Greco-Roman Garni Temple in the village of the same name, I learn that lavash is very simple to prepare. Just three ingredients — wheat flour, salt and water — are mixed and baked in an oven called a tonir that is a dead ringer for the South Asian tandoor. This bread forms the base of the ubiquitous and divine tasting lahmajun or ‘Armenian pizza’ — cheeseless and topped with minced meat, garlic and sweet onions, priced around 80.

I end my tryst with Armenia’s baked goodies with a bag of two dozen flaky gata that I purchase at a local bakery once back in Yerevan to catch my flight back home. Imbued with a delicate and almost milky taste, gata is a multi-layered cake, each layer of which is saturated with melted butter and sugar. Though generally made into huge round discs, embellished with the luxurious, swirly alphabet of the Armenian script, one can also get smaller, individually wrapped bars of gata (around 10) like I did to bring back home to Mumbai.

Once back, I realise my folly and regret rears its ugly head. “Why just two dozen?” is a question that will haunt me forever.

Raul Dias is a food and travel writer based in Mumbai

Published on 

US-Turkey relations to be tested by possible Armenian genocide recognition

Al-Monitor
April 22 2021

ISTANBUL — US President Joe Biden is reportedly preparing to formally recognize the 1915 mass killings of up to 1.5 million Armenians by the Ottoman Empire as genocide in a move that would further strain US-Turkey relations.

On April 24, Biden is expected to use the designation while marking Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day, becoming the first US president to do so since Ronald Reagan, who later retracted his statements following pressure from the Turkish government.

Ankara officials reject the term, maintaining far fewer Armenians lost their lives during what they claim was a broader World War I era conflict and that Ottoman officials did not commit systematic killings, in contrast to research by most historians who designate the events as genocide.

Nearly all US presidents have refrained from using the genocide term to maintain positive relations with NATO-allied Turkey, but despite a long list of grievances between Ankara and Washington, Biden may follow through on his campaign pledge for formal recognition, though some reports indicate he might make a last-minute reversal.

When asked about Biden’s recognition plans Wednesday, White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki said the president would “have more to say” about it on Saturday.

This comes after more than 100 members of Congress signed a bipartisan letter circulated by the Armenian Caucus Wednesday urging Biden to stand by his campaign promise. Previously, both the House and Senate approved measures in 2019 to recognize the genocide as a formal matter of US foreign policy.

Speaking Thursday, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said, “Turkey will continue to defend the truth against so-called ‘Armenian genocide’ lies and against those who are supporting this slander with political calculations.”

Gonul Tol, director of the Center for Turkish Studies at the Middle East Institute, said previous US presidents, including Barack Obama, had made similar pledges regarding the Armenian genocide on the campaign trail, but withheld formal designation to avoid damaging US interests involving Turkey, which hosts a military base used by American forces to launch operations in Syria.

Tol said current dynamics have reduced the potential for serious harm in US interests, and that Biden may seek to signal his prioritization of human rights and democratic values, in contrast with his predecessor Donald Trump, who openly praised autocratic leaders.

“I think Biden is more likely to recognize it because there are several areas where American and Turkish interests overlap, such as in Afghanistan, the Black Sea, Iran,” Tol told Al-Monitor. “But it comes down to the question of what can Erdogan do in response?”

Tol continued, “I wouldn’t expect a dramatic response from Erdogan at a time when he’s seeking Western support, and that will certainly factor into Biden’s decision-making.”

Still, the prospect of recognition has already riled Turkish leaders and financial markets, with the lira sliding up to 2% early Thursday on worries of possible US-Turkey discord along with concerns over depleted central bank reserves.

Sinan Ulgen, chairman of the Istanbul-based Center for Economics and Foreign Policy Studies, said Thursday’s market volatility was an early warning sign regarding the prospects of escalation between Ankara and Washington ahead of Biden’s planned comments.

“Turkey will surely need to react,” Ulgen told Al-Monitor, which would spark political tensions that “could also irk market participants.”

Some analysts said Ankara could respond to the designation by restricting non-NATO missions out of Incirlik Air Base in Adana. Turkish officials could also once again take unilateral actions in Syria, disregarding US interests. Yet few expect reversals on Turkish policies in Ukraine and Afghanistan, where Ankara’s interests are served by the status quo.

Ozgur Unluhisarcikli, Ankara director for the German Marshall Fund, said Erdogan would be forced to show a strong reaction in the short-term, but long-term consequences could increase distrust of US policies in Turkish society, as some citizens might believe “Turkey is being singled out in yet another sign of double-standards.”

“This will initially raise nationalist sentiments in Turkey … creating a rally around the flag moment,” Unluhisarcikli told Al-Monitor. “Anger will be directed at the United States.”

Biden’s designation would come after falling short on promises to take direct action regarding the human rights record of Saudi Arabian Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, despite US intelligence reports suggesting he approved the murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi.

Tol said the lapse in holding Mohammed accountable “sent the wrong signal,” but that the Armenian genocide designation might materialize due to added support from US Vice President Kamala Harris. Noting Biden may be a one-term president and that Harris is a former senator of California, which hosts a large Armenian diaspora community, Tol said Harris may seek to recognize the genocide to boost a possible future presidential run.

“She’s been playing a surprisingly big role in foreign policy and the decision-making process, so this could be part of her track record,” Tol told Al-Monitor.

The developments come as Turkey was officially excluded from an F-35 fighter jet agreement as a result of its expulsion from the program after its 2019 acquisition of Russian-made S-400 missile defense systems, according to a Wednesday.

NY Armenian community leaders ‘cautiously optimistic’ as Biden reportedly signals he’ll recognize the Armenian genocide

Spectrum News NY1

NY Armenian community leaders ‘cautiously optimistic’ as Biden reportedly signals he’ll recognize the Armenian genocide 


By Kevin Frey 
Washington, D.C.

PUBLISHED 7:00 AM ET Apr. 23, 2021

WASHINGTON — The Biden administration is signaling that it will recognize the Armenian genocide. For some members of the Armenian community in New York, the news is being met with cautious optimism.

“We’ve been here before, we’ve been told before, and we’ve been disappointed before,” said Antranig Karageozian, Chairman of the Armenian National Committee of Albany.

The New York Times and other outlets are reporting Biden could make the designation in coming days. Saturday is Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day.

A century ago, in the midst of World War I, hundreds of thousands of Armenians were deported and massacred at the hands of the Ottoman Turks. Karageozian’s organization has long called for the U.S. to label the systematic killings genocide.

“My grandfather actually lost his first wife and two children in the massacres. They were burned alive in a church,” Karageozian said.

U.S. presidents have used a host of words to describe the atrocities, but have shied away from the term genocide itself, fearful of upsetting Turkey, a NATO ally.

“The reason the U.S. has not done this before is Turkey has always threatened all sorts of things,” said Hope Harrison, a professor of history and international affairs at the George Washington University.

Harrison, who previously served as director of European and Eurasian Affairs at the National Security Council from 2000-2001, said Turkey has long been an important U.S. ally in the Middle East.

Turkey’s leaders reject that the atrocities amounted to genocide. Using the term, which indicates the Ottoman Empire’s intent was to annihilate the Armenian population, could upend that U.S.-Turkey relationship.

Historically, she said, “the balance between sort of justice and realpolitik kept falling toward the realpolitik side of things.” If the Biden administration recognizes the deaths as genocide, she said, it would be a  “very big move.”

Other nations, including U.S. allies, have already labeled the killings genocide.

As for Armenian-Americans like Karageozian, he says that if Biden follows through, the declaration would amount to a step toward justice.

“This is embedded in every Armenian’s blood, and heart and soul that these atrocities happened,” he said. “We’ve lost our families and territories. The question becomes what would have happened if this genocide never occurred?”

The relationship between the Biden White House and Turkey is already shaky, especially compared with the Trump administration’s relationship with the country.

On the campaign trail, Biden called Turkey’s president an “autocrat,” and he pledged to label the killings a genocide.

In recent weeks, New York lawmakers have joined with the congressional colleagues in signing onto bipartisan letters to the to the president, urging him to use the term genocide. Those letters can be found here.