Crisis in Artsakh: History Repeating Itself

Children are among the displaced Artsakh residents that left for Armenia


BY MADELEINE MEZAGOPIAN

The world remained silent while the people of Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabagh) endured a blockade imposed by Azerbaijan, and continued to remain silent as Azerbaijan indiscriminately used military aggression against Artsakh’s population—killing children and elderly alike. This silence paved the way for the eventual reoccupation of Artsakh by Azerbaijan, displacing those who remained and forcing them to seek refuge in Armenia. These atrocities are, in part, a result of the ugly fact that the United Nations—for the last 30 years—has refused to recognize Artsakh as an independent republic.*

After months of starvation, and only after Azerbaijan reoccupied Artsakh, the international community finally started to pay attention and cover the developments in the region. However, they did so without condemning the atrocities and human rights violations committed by the Azeri government; while ignoring the fact that, for centuries, Artsakh has been inhabited by Armenians—which is evidenced by the centuries-old Armenian cultural heritage sites in Artsakh, which are currently being destroyed by the Azerbaijani government.

All relevant advocates of human rights, cultural heritage sites, and international law have remained silent and indifferent, thus becoming culprits in the ongoing sufferings of the displaced people of Artsakh.

We, the Armenian diaspora, are watching in agony as our cultural heritage sites in Artsakh, and other Armenian territories occupied by Azerbaijan, are being destroyed by the occupiers. All of this is taking place without a single effort by “concerned” international organizations, the most significant silence coming from the supposedly international guardian of cultural heritage sites worldwide, UNESCO, who could potentially put a stop to these terrible crimes.

Today, the Armenian nation bleeds without a single voice of condolence for our martyrs in Artsakh, and amid blatant indifference and hypocrisy by so-called advocates of truth and justice.

The silence offered by the international community during the ongoing ethnic cleansing in Artsakh is proof that advocates of justice and truth are merely a phantom.

As the world remains indifferent during this 21st century genocide, we remember the first genocide of the 20th century, in 1915. History is repeating itself.

Thousands of Armenians, who belong to a nation that was the first to embrace Christianity, with its culture of peace, tolerance and forgiveness, are victims of a genocide perpetrated by the same criminals responsible for the genocide in 1915, amid complete silence by all those who pretend to be advocates of truth and justice. Armenians are again victims of genocide and losing more of their centuries-old territories, which throughout history have been an integral part of Armenia.

Artsakh is a victim of the ongoing conflict between the United States and Russia, including the allies of each side. Their conflict provided the right milieu for Azerbaijan to reoccupy Artsakh, when geopolitical interests of the key actors gained priority over the well-being of the people of the region. 

Dear nations worldwide: We mourn over your silence as a dictator—Recep Tayyip Erdoğan—who is destabilizing Arab countries (Syria, Iraq, Libya) and spreading terror worldwide, is justifying and supporting, if not guiding, Azerbaijan’s ethnic cleansing of the Armenian population of Artsakh.

We, Armenians, loyal citizens of the countries we inhabit, indeed feel sad and disappointed with both communities and leaders globally for refusing to speak up for the victims of the ongoing ethnic cleansing in Artsakh, and for not having the courage to condemn the Azerbaijani government, the perpetrator of these atrocities.

We mourn our martyrs—children, elderly, and soldiers—massacred by the Azeri government. We also mourn the silence received from the international community as we cried for help, especially from those countries that the Armenian diaspora has created thriving communities in. The countries that provided a safe haven to our ancestors after the Armenian genocide, where we continue to be peaceful citizens.

The Armenian nation is once again alone in its sufferings, without a single voice of support or any assurances that truth and justice will prevail.

The voices of the tortured martyrs defending their usurped lands still echo. The sacrifices of the past and current martyrs defending Artsakh will never be forgotten.

The souls of the Armenian martyrs, of the innocent children and elderly from Artsakh, will haunt the perpetrators of both the Armenian genocide and the current genocide taking place in Artsakh, as well as all those who remained silent as Turkey and Azerbaijan worked in unison.

Today, Armenians kneel and ask our martyrs, and those displaced from their homes, for forgiveness for our naivety in believing that truth and justice can prevail. That we believed human rights advocates would guard and protect the rights of the indigenous people of Artsakh.

Now, we must prioritize lobbying worldwide to prevent Azerbaijan from destroying cultural sites in Artsakh. We have learned, from experience, that Azerbaijan aims to uproot any link between Artsakh and its centuries old Armenian identity.

Armenians may forgive, but we will never forget how we were abandoned during our darkest days. We have to accept the painful fact that we, the victims of ongoing genocide, remain completely on our own in our struggle to survive.

*On September 21 of each year, Armenians with great agony remember the assassination of the First Republic of Armenia during September to November of 1920, when the Red Soviet Army invaded the First Republic of Armenia and Sovietized it. On October 13, 1921, the peace treaty of Kars was signed between Turkey and the three Transcaucasia Republics including Soviet Armenia, which reaffirmed the treaty of Moscow between Turkey and Soviet Russia. Ani and Mount Ararat, among other Armenian territories, were ceded to Turkey. This was followed by Stalin gifting Nakhchivan and Artsakh to Azerbaijan on July 7, 1923.

Madeleine Mezagopian is a scholar and an academician based in Amman, Jordan.




Armenpress: Hungary ready to play mediating role again in facilitating safe return of Armenian POWs from Azerbaijan, says Ambassador

 08:40, 6 October 2023

YEREVAN, OCTOBER 6, ARMENPRESS. Hungary is ready to play a mediating role in facilitating the safe return of Armenian prisoners of war held in Azerbaijan, Ambassador of Hungary to Armenia Anna Mária Sikó said in written comments in response to a query from Armenpress.

Hungary has donated €102,000 to the Armenian Red Cross through the Hungary Helps Programme to support the forcibly displaced persons of Nagorno-Karabakh after the latest Azeri attack, and the victims of the September 25 fuel depot explosion.

Asked to comment on the forced displacement of the Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh in the aftermath of the September 19-20 Azerbaijani aggression, Ambassador Anna Mária Sikó said that Hungary has a clear and firm position regarding all armed conflicts. “Hungary has a clear and firm position regarding all armed conflicts, which has already been articulated on many occasions. Disputes must be settled at the negotiating table through diplomatic channels. There can only be one lasting solution, and that is peace. It is also true for the Caucasus region. Hungary hopes that wars and senseless human suffering will soon be replaced by peaceful coexistence,” the Hungarian Ambassador said.

Ambassador Anna Mária Sikó said that Hungary fully understands the severity of the situation and that is why a few days ago she travelled to Yerevan to meet with Armenian political and religious leaders to discuss the possibility of sending humanitarian aid. 

“As a result of the negotiations, an agreement was reached, according to which, Hungary has donated EUR 102 thousand to the Armenian Red Cross through the Hungary Helps Programme to support its humanitarian programmes. The Hungarian assistance aims to contribute to the stability of the region by helping civilian victims of the conflict and the fuel depot explosion. I can only say, that we are glad to be able to provide immediate help in these dire circumstances and we will make every possible effort to continue doing so,” the Ambassador said.

Earlier in September, Europe Editor for Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty Rikard Jozwiak claimed that the statement by High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Josep Borrell condemning Azerbaijan was actually supposed to be a statement by all 27 members of the EU but Hungary vetoed it.

Hungarian Foreign Minister Péter Szijjártó denied the report as fake news.

Ambassador Anna Mária Sikó, commenting on the matter, said that the allegations about the EU statement are ‘not based on facts and reality.’

“Several Member States, including Hungary, made comments on the planned joint statement and at the end, consensus could not be reached, therefore it was issued on behalf of High Representative Josep Borrell,” she said.

Asked on Hungary’s position regarding the fact that Azerbaijan has violated Armenia’s territorial integrity since May 2021, Ambassador Anna Mária Sikó said that Hungary remains committed to the principle of inviolability of the territorial integrity of sovereign states.

“On the basis of international law, Hungary remains committed to the principle of inviolability of the territorial integrity of sovereign states. We have made our position in this regard clear on numerous occasions. We would like to see an end to unnecessary human suffering and the opportunity for every human being to live their daily lives in peace. We have always supported initiatives to this end and will continue to do so. Hungary is ready to play a mediating role again in facilitating the safe return of Armenian prisoners of war to their homeland,” the Ambassador said.

In 2021, Hungary  the repatriation of 5 Armenian prisoners of war who were unlawfully being held in Azerbaijan.

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Prime Minister Pashinyan attends banquet in Palace of Charles V in Granada after European Political Community summit

 09:56, 6 October 2023

YEREVAN, OCTOBER 6, ARMENPRESS. Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, together with his daughter Mariam Pashinyan, on October 5 attended the banquet hosted by King Felipe VI and Queen Letizia of Spain in the Palace of Charles V in Granada as part of the third European Political Community summit. Spain’s Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez welcomed the heads of state and government participating in the event.




Japan extends USD 2 million emergency grant aid for forcibly displaced persons of Nagorno-Karabakh

 10:30, 6 October 2023

YEREVAN, OCTOBER 6, ARMENPRESS. On October 6, the Government of Japan decided to extend Emergency Grant Aid amounting to a total of USD 2 million for the forcibly displaced persons of Nagorno-Karabakh, Japan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs said in a statement.

The funds will be provided through the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).

“Based on the fact that more than 100,000 persons have been displaced due to Azerbaijan’s military activities on September 19, the Government of Japan will implement Emergency Grant Aid of USD 2 million through the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), in areas such as Non-Food Items, health, protection and water. In close coordination with these international organizations, the Government of Japan will continue to provide support for and stand by the displaced persons,” the Japanese foreign ministry said.

France to discuss defense needs with Armenia for arms supplies – FM Colonna

 10:47, 6 October 2023

YEREVAN, OCTOBER 6, ARMENPRESS. France will start dialogue with Armenia to identify its defense needs, French Foreign Minister Catherine Colonna has said.

“Dialogue will begin with Armenia to see their needs,” Colonna said in an interview with France 2 channel when asked on possible arms supplies to Armenia.

Colonna French arms supplies to Armenia during her Yerevan visit earlier this week.

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Congressmen call on Biden Administration to take urgent measures to prevent new Azeri attack on Armenia

 10:50, 6 October 2023

YEREVAN, OCTOBER 6, ARMENPRESS. U.S. Congressional Armenian Caucus Co-Chair Frank Pallone (D-NJ), Representatives Jim Costa (D-CA), and Brad Sherman (D-CA) were joined by a bipartisan group of U.S. House lawmakers in calling on the Biden Administration to take immediate measures to prevent an Azerbaijani invasion of Armenia, reported the Armenian National Committee of America (ANCA).

“The opportunity to prevent further aggression by Azerbaijani forces and an all-out war in the South Caucasus is running out,” stated the U.S. Representatives in an October 4th letter addressed to Secretary of State Antony Blinken and USAID Administrator Samantha Power. “Signals from Aliyev indicate that his campaign of ethnic cleansing will not cease with his military attacks on Artsakh.”

The U.S. lawmakers offered four concrete ways the U.S. can deter Azerbaijani aggression, including:

— Imposing Global Magnitsky Act and other sanctions against Azerbaijan for “their role in the military attack on and dissolution of Artsakh and associated atrocities and human rights violations

— Enforcing Section 907 of the FREEDOM Support Act, stopping military aid to Azerbaijan

— Providing security assistance to Armenia

— Placing international monitors and peacekeepers in Armenia to prevent an Azerbaijani invasion.

The legislator also called for expanded U.S. and international humanitarian aid for Armenian refugees forced out of Nagorno-Karabakh and efforts to secure the “unconditional release of and amnesty for captured Artsakh government officials and Armenian prisoners of war.”

Joining Representatives Pallone, Costa, and Sherman in co-signing the letter are Representatives: Tony Cardenas (D-CA), Lloyd Doggett (D-TX), Anna Eshoo (D-CA), Barbara Lee (D-CA), Zoe Lofgren (D-CA), Nicole Malliotakis (R-NY), James McGovern (D-MA), Eleanor Holmes Norton (D-DC), John Sarbanes (D-MD), Haley Stevens (D-MI), and Dina Titus (D-NV).

The full text of the Congressional letter is .

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U.S. Congressional leaders and Coalition Partners demand Biden sanction Azerbaijan for ethnic cleansing in NK

 11:10, 6 October 2023

 YEREVAN, OCTOBER 6, ARMENPRESS. U.S. Rep. Brad Sherman (D-CA) and a bipartisan group of U.S. Representatives, including Chris Smith (R-NJ), Frank Pallone (D-NJ), Jim Costa (D-CA), Josh Gottheimer (D-NJ), Lou Correa (D-CA), and Haley Stevens (D-MI), as well as former Rep. Frank Wolfe condemned the ethnic cleansing of Nagorno-Karabakh’s (NK) 120,000 Armenians and demanded the Biden Administration hold Azerbaijan accountable, reported the Armenian National Committee of America (ANCA).

Members of Congress, along with human rights organizations and faith-based groups, raised concerns of renewed Azerbaijani aggression against the Republic of Armenia during September 29th Capitol Hill press conference, held in the Press Triangle at the foot of the U.S. Capitol Building, organized in coordination with  In Defense of Christians (IDC), For the Martyrs, and the 120,000 Reasons Coalition, including the ANCA.  The press conference coincided with IDC’s Capitol Hill advocacy days spotlighting the Nagorno-Karabakh Genocide and persecution of Christians worldwide. The program featured remarks by the ANCA, Hellenic American Leadership Council, American Ethiopian Public Affairs Committee, American Task Force on Lebanon, international religious freedom advocate Sara Salama, among others.

Rep. Brad Sherman Warns Azerbaijan “has its eyes on conquering the Republic of Armenia”
House Foreign Affairs Committee senior member Rep. Brad Sherman (D-CA), hosted the Capitol Hill press conference and called for concrete U.S. action holding President Aliyev for his ethnic cleansing of Armenians in NK and warning of Azerbaijan’s plan to conquer sovereign Armenia. “Now Azerbaijan has its eyes on conquering the Republic of Armenia, whose independence we recognized in the early 1990s. Congressman Sherman notes that “the attempts by Azerbaijan to conquer Armenia, the Republic of Armenia, or any portion of it is evil, and to say that America must provide aid to these people who have been ethnically cleansed.”

Rep. Frank Pallone: “I have absolutely no doubt that the goal here is to wipe, not just Artsakh off the map, but to wipe Armenia off the map.”
Congressional Armenian Caucus founding Co-Chair Rep. Frank Pallone (D-NJ) noted that “Aliyev and Azerbaijan’s goal was to ethnically cleanse Artsakh. In other words, basically, get rid of all the Armenians, take their land, and force them to flee, if not be killed in the process. And that’s exactly what we’re seeing unfold.”

Rep. Pallone noted, “I have absolutely no doubt that the goal here is to wipe, not just Artsakh off the map, but to wipe Armenia off the map. I mean, that’s the goal here. Anybody who thinks otherwise, in my opinion, is kidding themselves. Rep. Pallone made it clear that Azerbaijan’s goals are “not just about Artsakh. There’s a much larger plan here that involves Armenia itself and that we need to be, we need to move full force and quickly towards protecting Armenia as well.”

Rep. Chris Smith: “Aliyev should be at the Criminal Court for Crimes against Humanity which he is committing again as we meet here today.”
Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission Co-Chair Rep. Chris Smith (R-NJ) gave powerful remarks calling out Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev, who is “unfettered in his hate towards the Armenians and is committing, as we meet here today, the second Armenian genocide. “Aliyev should be at the Criminal Court for crimes against humanity, which he is committing again as we meet here today”. Rep. Smith called for the “United States to take action and “there are very serious sanctions that could be imposed now, today, on Aliyev and all of his gang so that they can’t do business with America and they cannot get a visa, two of the main parts of that sanctioning regime. Do it! Don’t wait!”

Rep. Jim Costa: “We support Armenia, the people of Armenia, and its territorial boundaries”
Central Valley California’s Rep. Jim Costa (D-CA), offered powerful remarks calling on the Biden Administration to “do more to assert the leadership that needs to take place to ensure that these atrocities end and that we support Armenia, the people of Armenia, and its territorial boundaries. We’re supporting the people of Ukraine and its territorial boundaries for all the right reasons. And for the same reasons, we must support the territorial boundaries for the people of Armenia”

Rep. Josh Gottheimer: “It’s our duty to recognize that as we speak, Armenians are being killed and displaced in Artsakh, at the hands of Azerbaijan.”
Congressman Josh Gottheimer (D-NJ) strongly emphasized that “it’s our duty to recognize that as we speak, Armenians are being killed and displaced in Artsakh, at the hands of Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan’s horrific military offensive comes at the end of a nine-month blockade of Artsakh, which resulted in a humanitarian crisis. I know that it’s never the wrong time to bear witness and tell the truth. The United States should never be complicit in senseless murder.”

Rep. Lou Correa: “History is being repeated today…we cannot let it happen.”
Rep. Lou Correa (D-CA), spoke on the ethnic cleansing happening in NK noting that “history is being repeated today. We cannot wait. We cannot let it happen. If there’s one thing I’m going to do today is ask you, do not let this happen. Do not let us in that building wait. Take action right now, human beings, can’t let history repeat itself.”

Rep. Haley Stevens calls for “sanctions in particular against the Azerbaijani officials”
Congresswoman Stevens (D-MI) called out Azerbaijan’s threat on Armenian sovereignty, “We see a refugee crisis and we see an attack on Armenia’s sovereignty. And it is wholly unacceptable. I have joined in support in calling for sanctions in particular against the Azerbaijani officials, that needs to happen.”

Former U.S. Rep. Frank Wolf: “Not one more penny to the Azerbaijani Government”
Former U.S. Representative Frank Wolf (R-VA), who in 1998 authored the International Religious Freedom Act, spoke on the current “ethnic cleansing of Armenians by the Azerbaijan government”. He emphasized that the Biden Administration must stop supporting Aliyev and that “there is no way that this Administration ought to give one more penny beginning Monday to the Azeri government until this completely stops and there’s a reverse.

Wolf then criticized Washington DC lobby groups white-washing Azerbaijan’s ethnic cleansing.  “It is shocking, it is shocking that there are lobby firms in this city, lobby firms in this city that represent the Azerbaijan government. How do you represent a government that’s bringing about genocide and ethnic cleansing? Don’t you remember the history of 1915? I would say to those law firms, call the Azerbaijani government and tell them to get out and stop or drop them as a client.”

ANCA’s Tereza Yerimyan: “The Biden Administration has armed and abetted, aided and emboldened, Azerbaijan’s oil-rich Aliyev regime that is today committing real-time genocide against Artsakh’s 120,000 indigenous Armenian Christians.”

ANCA Government Affairs Director Tereza Yerimyan stressed that the Biden Administration enabled Azerbaijan’s genocide of Armenians in NK . “The record shows that the Administration did not lift a finger to break Azerbaijan’s blockade. No airlift, no cutting off of military aid to Baku, no sanctions on Aliyev. A shameful abandonment of our moral and legal duty. A dangerous signal to the authoritarians of this world. And a green light for the next genocide.” 

IDC’s Richard Ghazal: “Azerbaijan has been conducting a genocide against 120,000 Armenian Christians”
In Defense of Christians Executive Director Richard Ghazal gave powerful remarks noting that “Azerbaijan, a beneficiary of U.S. foreign aid, military assistance, has been conducting a genocide against 120,000 Armenian Christians in Nagorno-Karabakh.” He continued, “After a 10-month blockade aimed to starve Armenian civilians into submission, Azerbaijan bombed them into submission. Azerbaijan is now completing its mission to cleanse the area by expelling the 120,000 civilians.” Ghazal called for the United States to “discontinue this loophole, the presidential waiver to section 907 of the Freedom Support Act” and stop military assistance to “the brutal dictatorship” in Azerbaijan.

HALC’s Endy Zemenides: “Recognizing the Armenian Genocide means nothing  if you don’t stop the next genocide.”
Endy Zemenides, Executive Director of the Hellenic American Leadership Council (HALC) pointed out that the Biden Administration recognizing the “Armenian genocide means nothing” if they “don’t stop the next genocide.” He commented on USAID Administrator Samantha Power’s visit to Armenia, stating, “I’m sorry I can’t congratulate Samantha Power for being in the region, because she knew what she did wrong during the Obama Administration; she left the Obama Administration and apologized for not recognizing the Armenian Genocide.” Yet, today, continued Zemenides, Administrator Power “did no airlift and is now, as the ANCA has said, is ‘showing up for the funeral’ of the Christian Armenians of Artsakh.” Zemenides called for immediate sanctions on “the Aliyev family and Azerbaijan.”

For The Martyrs’ Gia Chacon: “Genocide is underway in Armenia”
Founder of For the Martyrs, Gia Chacon described the “genocide underway in Armenia,” where “120,000 Armenian Christians are facing starvation, gross human rights violations, and being forced out of their historic land in Nagorno-Karabakh or Artsakh.” She emphasized the absence and lack of action from President Biden. “Where is the United States now as a genocide is unfolding in front of our eyes and Christian persecution is skyrocketing like never before,” stated Chacon, who urged the US to “uphold the standard for international religious freedom, to intervene, to stop the genocide happening right now in Nagorno- Karabakh or Artsakh, to sanction countries that are led by dictators and terrorists and to protect Christians around the world.”

Armenian-Azeri summit expected in Brussels by the end of October

 12:08, 6 October 2023

YEREVAN, OCTOBER 6, ARMENPRESS. Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan and Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev will meet in Brussels later this month, President of the European Council Charles Michel has said.

Michel told reporters in Granada that both leaders have accepted his invitation to meet in Brussels by the end of October, according to RIA Novosti.

The Armenian and Azeri leaders were supposed to hold EU-mediated peace talks in Granada on the sidelines of the European Political Community summit but Azerbaijan’s Aliyev cancelled his participation a day before the talks. The Armenian PM nevertheless visited Granada and met with EU leaders. A joint communiqué was adopted after the meeting. Afterwards, Michel said he wants to organize a meeting between the Armenian and Azeri leaders in Brussels.

Russia sends delegation to Armenia to discuss timeframe of withdrawal of peacekeepers from Nagorno-Karabakh – TASS

 13:11, 6 October 2023

YEREVAN, OCTOBER 6, ARMENPRESS. A Russian Defense Ministry delegation will travel to Yerevan on October 6 to discuss the timeframes of withdrawing the Russian peacekeeping force from Nagorno-Karabakh, TASS reported citing a diplomatic source.

Russia sent peacekeepers to Nagorno-Karabakh as part of the 2020 ceasefire terms. The terms of the ceasefire agreement, officially known as the 9 November 2020 trilateral statement by the leaders of Russia, Armenia and Azerbaijan, provide for a repeated extension of the peacekeeping contingent’s mission by five more years if Armenia and Azerbaijan do not object to that.

In September 2023, Azerbaijan again attacked Nagorno-Karabakh. The offensive resulted in the forced displacement of over 100,000 persons – almost the entire population – of Nagorno-Karabakh.

National Sustainable Finance Roadmap of Armenia is published – Central Bank

 13:19, 6 October 2023

YEREVAN, OCTOBER 6, ARMENPRESS. At the Central Bank of Armenia Board meeting on September 5, the publication of the "National Sustainable Finance Roadmap of Armenia" was approved.

The Roadmap is an important milestone in the CBA's continued commitment to transition to sustainable financing, the Central Bank said in a press release.

The Sustainable Finance Roadmap consists of 4 key pillars, which are:

  • Facilitate the flow of capital to industries and activities aligned with low-carbon ambitions of Armenia in a risk-based, market-oriented and sustainable manner.
  • Enhance knowledge transfer, reduce information asymmetries, instill market confidence, and strengthen the enabling environment for sustainable finance.
  • Guide financial market participants in embedding ESG principles in their business decisions.
  • Raise awareness of sustainability risks and opportunities in Armenia and build capacity within the CBA and among financial market participants.

 

In collaboration with the relevant stakeholders the CBA will implement the completed action plan based on these pillars.