Moscow Armenian Theater actor dies during performance

News.am, Armenia
Aug 30 2021

Artur Dilanyan, an actor of the Moscow Armenian Theater, died during a performance, TASS reports.

He was 59 years old.

Dilanyan had felt ill on stage.

An ambulance was called, but the paramedics who arrived at the scene could not save his life.

He died in the 22nd minute of a performance—right on the stage.

“He was playing comedy. A stroke, and that’s it. It is impossible to believe,” said the agency’s interlocutor.

Artur Dilanyan was born on September 9, 1961, he worked at the Moscow Armenian Theater for almost 20 years, and he played in numerous movies, too.

Azerbaijan president: Current course of events shows that Karabakh conflict would never be resolved peacefully

News.am, Armenia
Aug 30 2021

The post-war period, and the actions of international forces show that the Karabakh conflict would never be resolved through negotiations, said Azerbaijani president Ilham Aliyev, Interfax-Azerbaijan reported.

“As is known, the negotiation process lasted almost 30 years, but did not yield any results. The current course of events, the period of the Second Karabakh War, and the actions of international forces show that this issue would never be resolved through negotiations,” he said.

Aliyev stressed that the international community tried to present this frozen conflict as an option without an alternative.

“We [Azerbaijan] had a completely different opinion, and I never hid it. I was saying that if the issue is not resolved peacefully, we will restore our territorial integrity by military means,” the Azerbaijani president added.

Azerbaijan’s Aliyev calls Karabakh Armenians ‘hated enemy’

News.am, Armenia
Aug 30 2021

Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev has called the Armenians of Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh) a “hated enemy.”

The leader of Azerbaijan has not hidden his fascist attitude towards the Armenians of Karabakh in the past, too, and there is a lot of evidence for that.

However, Aliyev’s latest statement during an event in Artsakh’s occupied Shushi city stands out among others. The Azerbaijani leader involuntarily admitted that he fears as much as he hates the Armenians of Karabakh.

“I myself chose the construction site of the new five-star hotel on the very spot where the hated enemy was constructing the building the of the ‘Parliament of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic.’ It was being done to ridicule us [Azerbaijan]. There is no concept of ‘Nagorno-Karabakh Republic.’ The foundation of this building was already laid; even the stone work was finished. On my instructions, this devil’s lair was destroyed in Shushi,” Aliyev said.

Note that in Islam, however, the devil has a special place, being an opponent almost equal to God.

Origin of the Current Republic of Western Armenia

Aug 30 2021

(Image by Consulate of the Western Armenian Republic in the Argentine Republic)

Consulate of the Western Armenian Republic in the Argentine Republic

The Republic of Western Armenia emerged when the millenary Armenian people decided to execute their legal right internationally granted in 1920, which allows them to have a sovereign State over their ancestral territory of more than 5000 years.

The biblical, historical and native Armenian people inhabited their Motherland long before Noah’s Ark ran aground on the top of Mount Ararat.

Over the millennia, our people have shaped their own destiny in their original territory and lived very different moments in time, from being the main characters of the most extensive reign the world has ever known in the Mesopotamia (years of the memorable king Tigran or Dikran “The Great”) to the blue moment in which they were forced to be dominated by the ignominious Ottoman Empire, a sultanate of Turks that came from the steppes of Central Asia.

This barbarism within civilization resulted in the first genocide perpetrated in the 20th century, which was recently remembered and recognised by the current President of the United States of America Joe Biden.

In spite of the fact that there is overwhelming historical evidence perfectly well documented, as well as survivors’ testimonies, this abominable crime is still unpunished and the political heirs of genocide perpetrators stick to their guns, shamelessly denying the past while usurping the lands of the people they killed throughout a proven genocide.

Nonetheless, the brave Armenian Nation did not give up when facing that extremely lethal cowardice and continued fighting for its people rights. This is how in the context of the First World War the dreadful genocide survivors created the Armenian Legion within the Eastern Legion in the Foreign Legion, under the command of the British General Edmund Allenby, defeated Turks, recovered Cilicia and helped in the recovery of Syria and Palestine for the Allies.

Russia was the first country that legally recognised native Western Armenian people and their right to claim independence based on the people’s right to self-determination. After having signed a ceasefire agreement with Turkey on December 18, 1917, in Erzincan, the Russian Army did not leave the Western Armenian territory (well known then as ʽTurkish Armeniaʼ) until Russia recognised the right of native Armenians living in those lands to self-determination by issuing a decree on December 29, 1917, until they achieve their total independence.

Finally, the expected and long-awaited global recognition in international law took place. A state called ʽArmeniaʼ was recognised in 1920, on the basis of the six Armenian villages of the historical Western Armenia and Erzerum (Karin) as its capital city. De facto and de jure recognition was accorded to this State and its Government on January 19 and May 11, 1920, respectively. In this way, Armenia became Subject of Law with Diplomatic Recognition in public international law.

On August 10, 1920, the new State of Armenia was invited to sign the Treaty of Sėvres, also accomplishing Turkey’s recognition of Armenia as a sovereign state.

Both states, Armenia and Turkey, submitted themselves to international arbitration headed by the President of the United States of America in order to define the western borders of Armenia. In other words, both States requested that an international arbitration award be entered for the purpose of having their borders established. This international and legal act finished with the arbitral award that Woodrow Wilson made known on November 22, 1920, by which borders between Armenia and Turkey were finally established, a fact that is currently and indisputably in legal force.

Nevertheless, by the time the international award was made known, historic facts crashed with unusual promptness against Armenian interests, and the State of Armenia could not be properly established. In parallel, an insurrection movement overthrew the Sultan in Turkey and the new leaders took over the territory of the Armenian State with violence, being this fact an illegal act of usurpation in detriment of international law. Almost at the same time, the creation and expansion of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) caused the sovietisation of the eastern territory of the new State of Armenia, whose borders could not be delineated neither with Azerbaijan nor with Georgia, as requested in the Treaty of Sėvres (Art. 92).

These simultaneous facts, the usurpation of the western territory of Armenia and the sovietisation of the eastern territory, refrained Armenia from formalizing its government and take possession of the recognised state.

This is how the Armenian State, which up to now enjoys full and valid international recognition by a score of countries, was forced to plunge into an involuntary absence of 90-year historical representation. Among those countries that recognised the State of Armenia, we can mention Great Britain (England, Ireland and Scotland), France, Italy, Canada, Australia, New Zeeland, Union of South Africa, India, Belgium, Greece, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, United States of America, Japan, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Turkey, Brazil and Argentina.

When the USSR started to disintegrate, the authorities of the former Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, for unknown reasons that history will judge in due course, did not declare themselves as legal successors of the State of Armenia recognised in 1920. On the contrary, they decided to claim their Soviet territory (a part of the ancient Eastern Armenia) and requested the world to be granted sovereignty by recognizing a new State of Armenia.

The request was granted, and quickly, all countries send over their ambassadors to Erevan, the capital city of the new State.

That day, the millenary Armenian people that constitute one of the most ancient nations in the world, were divided into two states: (1) this new Armenian State recognised in 1991, and (2) the State of Armenia recognised in 1920, with clearly established borders in the West and borders pending to be delineated in the East for international law.

Moreover, the new State of Armenia was called ʽRepublic of Armeniaʼ, using the same name of the State that suffered a lack of representation since 1920, albeit with full and current international recognition.

When we native people of the Armenian State (1920), spread out around the world walking through the exile forcefully imposed by Turkey by perpetrating the genocide, had the opportunity to foresee this fact, exercising the right of the native people enshrined in the international law, we simply started to take charge of restoring our State, renamed REPUBLIC OF WESTERN ARMENIA.

The small villages that compose the ancient Western Armenia ‒Artsaj, Najichevan and Djavak‒ are part of the inseparable Republic of Western Armenia, and since 2004, the millenary Armenian people have been slowly but firmly executing the legal rights that are already internationally recognised.

The Declaration of right to self-determination of Armenians who form the native people of the State of Armenia recognised in 1920 (well known today as the ʽRepublic of Western Armeniaʼ) was signed in the city of Shushi (Artsaj), in 2004. The Constitution, the flag and the emblem of that State were created in 2011, and the National Anthem was also adopted. In 2013, the members of the National Assembly (Parliament) of the Republic of Western Armenia were elected by democratic elections through electronic vote via internet. In 2004, the President Arménag Aprahamian was elected. He issued the Executive Order No. 12 in the same year, in which it is stated that the Republic of Western Armenia is the successor of the State recognised in 1920 in fact and in law. On June 24, 2016, the President ratified the Treaty of Sèvres through a new executive order, in line with the powers conferred in the Constitution.

In the midst of the recent warlike attack mounted by Azerbaijan and Turkey against Artsaj and part of the current Republic of Armenia, we the members of the Republic of Western Armenia are ready in 2021 to face Turkey and Azerbaijan in the diplomatic field, and demand the return of our ancestral lands on which we have current international legal rights. We are doing this by raising awareness among our people about these facts that are usually unknown, conducting a massive citizenship process, and taking all necessary measures to continue our millenary path around the world, contributing our cultural originality for the enjoyment of humanity.

The California Courier Online, September 2, 2021

1 –        Armenian Parliamentarians Brawl
            While the Barbarians are the Gates
            By Harut Sassounian
            Publisher, The California Courier
            www.TheCaliforniaCourier.com
2-         Pro-Government, Opposition Lawmakers Brawl In Armenian Parliament

3 –        Long-Time Community Activist, Benefactor

            Savey Tufenkian Passes Away

4-         COMMENTARY:

            The Afghan Crisis, Turkey, and Washington’s Global War on Terrorism

            By David Boyajian
5-         Armenia Continues Fight Against COVID-19

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1 –       Armenian Parliamentarians Brawl

            While the Barbarians are the Gates

            By Harut Sassounian
            Publisher, The California Courier
            www.TheCaliforniaCourier.com

Another appropriate title would have been, “Parliamentarians fiddle
while Armenia burns,” which is my version of the well-known historic
phrase, “Nero fiddles while Rome burns,” referring to Emperor Nero’s
inaction during a massive fire in Rome.

This is the tragic situation in Armenia. After losing a major portion
of Artsakh and the lives of thousands of young Armenians in last
September’s war, one would think that Armenians both in and out of
Armenia would rally together to lick their wounds, strengthen the
military and repulse the enemy’s further advances. Unfortunately, the
exact opposite is happening. The culprit is not Azerbaijan, Turkey,
Russia or anyone else, but us. We are unwilling to unify even in the
aftermath of a massive disaster. Before we blame anyone else, we need
to hold the mirror to our faces.

Ever since Armenia’s independence, we have been boasting that Armenia
has the most powerful military in the region, Azerbaijan would not
dare to attack us, and if it did, we would march into Baku. Before
last year’s war, Armenia’s Defense Minister David Tonoyan arrogantly
proclaimed: “New War, New Territories,” meaning that if Azerbaijan
attacked Artsakh, Armenia would conquer even more Azeri territories.

The former and current leaders of Armenia and Artsakh refused to make
any concessions regarding the territories surrounding Artsakh, unless
Azerbaijan first agreed to recognize Artsakh’s independence. Even
though the rest of the world was urging Armenia’s leaders to make
compromises and return at least some of the territories around
Artsakh, we dismissed all such suggestions. That is the reason why no
other country was willing to recognize the Republic of Artsakh. Even
Armenia itself refused to do so, expecting that others would defend
Artsakh’s interests ahead of us.

As a result, we squandered our unique chance to force Azerbaijan to
recognize Artsakh’s independence in the 1990’s, while the enemy was
defeated and weak.

Without getting into the meaningless debate of whether the former
leaders or the current one was responsible for our defeat in 2020, I
would say, we are all responsible for that disaster.

Since the end of the last war, Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan rejected
repeated suggestions that he resign and allow a new leader to take the
helm of the devastated state. He insisted that he is the only one who
can remedy the country’s massive problems. How could the one who was
in charge when the country suffered such a defeat be able to fix
anything? But, he stubbornly held on to his seat. Using the state
resources at his disposal, he managed to convince slightly over half
of those who participated in the election to support him and his
political party. In reality, most of those who voted for Pashinyan
actually voted against the former leaders. As expected, almost a year
after the war, not only Armenia’s problems have not been resolved, but
in many respects, they have become much worse.

While the former leaders were not well-liked during their reign, the
degree of antagonism and hatred that we see today in Armenia is
unprecedented. Regrettably, the current Prime Minister made matters
worse by constantly issuing threats and warnings against anyone who
disagreed with him. He started his rule by preaching democracy and
tolerance, but quickly became a dictator, dividing the public into
“blacks” and “whites, and shockingly, held up a hammer while on stage
during his recent electoral campaign threatening to smash the heads of
his opponents!

In such a toxic atmosphere, uniting the nation against the common
enemy is impossible. It is much easier to fight against your political
opponents. Neither the government nor the opposition is willing to
make any compromises to solve the country’s problems and defend the
homeland against further hostile incursions.

Not surprisingly, when Pashinyan came to the Parliament last week to
present his government’s five-year plan, several fistfights erupted as
a result of which the Chairman of the Parliament Alen Simonyan ordered
the security guards to enter the chamber and forcefully drag some of
the opposition members out. The Parliament looked more like a military
garrison than a legislative assembly hall. Simonyan frequently
violated the free speech rights of opposition members if they dared to
refer to the Prime Minister in a derogatory manner. He ordered that
the speakers’ microphones be turned off and the cameras broadcasting
the meetings shut off. These draconian measures are unbecoming of a
country’s legislature. The ugly scenes of the fistfights were aired by
TV stations around the world, embarrassing all Armenians.

As a result, the government’s proposed five-year plan was hardly
discussed. Instead, there were repeated attacks by the
Parliamentarians both physical and verbal.

In the meantime, Azerbaijan and Turkey, emboldened by their recent
victory, and seeing the deep divisions within Armenia, are encroaching
on Armenia’s borders and demanding more and more concessions.
Armenia’s weakened leader is unable to resist the overbearing demands
of Azerbaijan, while Armenia’s military ally, Russia, is pursuing its
own interests in coordination with Turkey and Azerbaijan.

In conclusion, I would like to make two points that are often debated
on social media

1) At the slightest criticism of Prime Minister Pashinyan, his
supporters are quick to admonish the critics by saying that the
Diaspora has no right to criticize the Armenian government. I reject
such objections because Armenia is the homeland of all Armenians
regardless of where they live. Criticism or praise is a sign that the
individual cares deeply about his or her homeland rather than take the
posture of a disinterested spectator. Why is it that we have the right
to express an opinion about developments about any other country in
the world, for example Afghanistan, but when it comes to Armenia, our
homeland, we have no such right? It is also interesting to note that
those who object to criticisms of the Armenian government by
Diasporans have no objection when the latter praise Armenia.
Therefore, the issue is not having the right to criticize Armenia, but
not wanting to hear criticism about the Prime Minister.

2) In my opinion, constructive criticism is much more valuable than
the blind support of a leader. Which is more patriotic — seeing
something going wrong and keeping our mouths shut or speaking up and
trying to correct it? In my opinion, taking corrective action is much
more patriotic than remaining silent and allowing the error to
continue.

I hope we stop “fiddling,” or in our case, feuding, and joining hands
to create a strong Armenia that can withstand the incessant assaults
of the barbarians at our gates.

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2-         Pro-Government, Opposition Lawmakers Brawl In Armenian Parliament

By Astghik Bedevian

(RFE/RL)—Pro-government and opposition lawmakers threw water battles
at each other during a brawl in the Armenian parliament on August 25,
2021

For the second day in a row security guards have been called into the
Armenian parliament chamber as another brawl between pro-government
and opposition lawmakers broke out during the presentation of the
government’s five-year action plan on Wednesday.

Much of the 2021-2026 program that has been laid out in parliament by
Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan focuses on the new government’s vision
of Armenia’s future in new geopolitical realities in the region
created after last year’s defeat in the war against Azerbaijan in
Nagorno-Karabakh.

Hayastan and Pativ Unem, the two opposition factions represented in
the parliament, have been critical of Pashinyan and his political
team, holding them responsible for the defeat and describing the
government’s program as a pathway to a new “capitulation.”

Pashinyan and majority lawmakers have dismissed such accusations,
claiming that it is Pashinyan’s predecessors, namely former presidents
Robert Kocharian and Serzh Sargsyan, with whom the two opposition
factions are associated, that are largely to blame for the defeat.

They argued that by letting them score a landslide victory in the June
20 snap parliament elections people vindicated Pashinyan and his
political team, while passing a guilty verdict on the former
governments.

In his speech that day Hayk Sargsyan, a member of the ruling Civil
Contract faction, in particular, criticized the former governments for
their mishandling of the economy and army affairs that led to
large-scale out-migration and a decrease in the country’s defense
capabilities before the 2018 “velvet revolution.” He said that the new
Pashinyan government did not have enough time to redress the
situation.

In an apparent reference to opposition criticism that some members of
the current government did not serve in the army, Sargsyan said that
all former defense ministers during whose tenures people were exempted
from military service by phone calls were “traitors.”

Sargsyan’s remarks sparked a quarrel in the chamber between
pro-government and opposition lawmakers as the main opposition
Hayastan faction is led by former defense minister Seyran Ohanian. As
lawmakers began to throw water bottles at each other, Parliament
Speaker Alen Simonian interrupted the session and called in security
guards to restore order in the chamber. Several lawmakers, including
Civil Contract member Hrachya Hakobian, were removed from the chamber.

Hakobian later told reporters that the brawl was provoked by Ohanian,
who threw a water bottle in the direction of Sargsian. Ohanian did not
comment immediately on the accusation. He denied any fistfights inside
the session hall where access to media has been restricted since early
August. Ohanian said, however, that his glasses were broken in the
jostle.

Another brawl in the parliament between pro-government and opposition
members broke out shortly after the lawmakers resumed work. It began
during the speech of opposition Hayastan faction member Vahe Hakobian.
It is seen on the video that parliament majority and minority deputies
exchanged blows during a mass brawl that followed. Another break in
the session was announced and security guards were called in. Several
lawmakers were escorted out of the session hall. The Prosecutor’s
Office later said that the brawls in the Armenian parliament will
become a matter for investigation. On August 24, opposition lawmakers
brawled with security guards after Parliament Speaker Simonian ordered
that Pativ Unem faction member Anna Mkrtchian be deprived of the floor
and removed from the chamber for insulting Prime Minister Pashinyan.
The opposition accused Pashinyan of provoking the incident with his
encouragement of the security guards’ actions. Pashinyan dismissed the
accusation, saying that the security guards were doing their duty.

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3 –        Long-Time Community Activist, Benefactor

            Savey Tufenkian Passes Away

Savey “Shoushig” Tufenkian, Wife, Mother, Grandmother, and Great
Grandmother passed away on August 25 at home in Glendale.  She was
born in Garadagh, Iran to Vagharshak and Verjin Shirvanian, both
survivors of the genocide.

She received her High School education in Beit Mery, Lebanon and
received a scholarship to attend American International College in
Massachusetts, where she graduated in 1954.  Savey and her younger
brother Kosti moved to California in 1955.  Together they founded
Western Disposal Company – later known as Western Waste Industries.

She married Ralph Tufenkian of Los Angeles in 1956. After the tragic
loss of her son Richard in 1990, Savey and Ralph established the
Richard Tufenkian Pre-School in Glendale.

Savey is survived by her husband of 63 years, Ralph Tufenkian, son
Greg and Caroline Tufenkian, daughter Sandra and Paul Kalemkiarian,
grandchildren Sara, Lisa, and Lena and their spouses, and Sam,
Michael, and Max Tufenkian, and brother Kosti and Marian Shirvanian.
She was also blessed with three great grandchildren Micah, Ani, and
Ambrose.

Funeral services will take place on Thursday, September 9 at 2:30 p.m.
at Forest Lawn Hollywood Hills, Old North Church.

In lieu of flowers please consider making a donation to St. Mary’s
Richard Tufenkian Pre-School or Glendale Adventist Breast Cancer
Center.

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4-        COMMENTARY:

            The Afghan Crisis, Turkey, and Washington’s Global War on Terrorism

By David Boyajian

As America’s presence in Afghanistan draws to a close and the 20th
anniversary of 9/11 approaches, it’s worthwhile to consider the
countries that sponsor global terrorism and Washington’s response to
them.

One country stands out: Turkey.

NATO is purportedly a bulwark against attacks on Western civilization.

Yet NATO member Turkey has long supported ISIS and numerous other
anti-Western terrorist organizations.

Turkey has been arming terrorists and sending them into countries such
as Syria, Libya, and Azerbaijan.

For example, in 2020 Turkey transported terrorist mercenaries into
Azerbaijan, which then deployed them against Armenian-populated
Artsakh/Nagorno-Karabagh.  These included former ISIS commander Sayf
Balud and war criminals such Fehim Isa of the Sultan Murad Brigade.

One hundred bipartisan members of Congress (2021) and the European
Union Parliament (2020) have condemned Turkey and Azerbaijan for that.

In contrast, the State Department has said little and done nothing
about Turkey’s and Azerbaijan’s blatant use of terrorist thugs.  Does
Washington still have a Global War on Terrorism?

The U.S. is concerned that ISIS-K (an ISIS affiliate) and Al-Qaeda
will remain in Afghanistan after America departs and become a threat
to America.

Hence, Turkey’s support for ISIS and other terrorists is relevant to
the Afghan debacle.

Moreover, Turkish President Erdogan just admitted that he’s
comfortable talking to the Taliban “since Turkey has nothing against
the Taliban’s beliefs.”  The State Department has apparently not
reacted to this stunning confession.  That’s disturbing.

Turkey’s terrorist record goes back years.

Says Turkey’s counterterrorism chief from 2010-13, Ahmet S. Yayla,
“Turkey was a central hub for … over 50,000 ISIS foreign fighters, and
the main source of ISIS logistical materials [including] IEDs, making
Turkey and ISIS practically allies.”

This makes NATO itself look like an ISIS supporter.

Two studies by veteran State Department adviser Dr. David L. Phillips,
who now heads Columbia University’s Peace-building and Human Rights
Program, exposed Turkey’s alliance with ISIS: ISIS-Turkey Links (2014)
and Turkey-ISIS Oil Trade (2015/2016).

In 2014, Vice President Joe Biden told a Harvard audience that Turkey
and others had been giving “hundreds of millions of dollars [and] tons
of weapons” to Al-Nusra, Al-Qaeda, and ISIS.

President Obama quickly papered over Turkey’s guilt by forcing Biden
to apologize to Erdogan.  Again, what happened to the Global War on
Terrorism?

This year, in his exposé Turkey: A state sponsor of terrorism?, David
Phillips noted that if a “non-NATO country behaved like Turkey, it
would warrant designation as a State Sponsor of Terrorism.”

In January and July, the U.S. Treasury Department fingered Turkey as a
financial base for ISIS and Al-Qaeda.

America hasn’t penalized Turkey itself, however, but rather merely
some Turkish individuals and companies.  No wonder Washington’s
efforts — assuming they’re sincere, which is questionable — have
been largely ineffective.

Turkey’s longtime backing of terrorist groups raises fundamental
questions about U.S. policy.

We must sadly conclude that the Global War on Terrorism has become a
criminal fraud perpetrated on the American people, both civilians and
our men and women in uniform.

As the U.S. departs Afghanistan, one wonders whether the blood and
treasure spent there were in vain or part of something larger and more
sinister.

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5-         Armenia Continues Fight Against COVID-19

Armenia is continuing the fight against the third wave of COVID-19
cases, as the country continues promoting the vaccination phase.

The U.S. State Department on July 26 warned American citizens to
reconsider travel to Armenia due to the increase in cases of the
Covid-19.

“The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued a
Level 3 Travel Health Notice for Armenia due to COVID-19, indicating a
high level of COVID-19 in the country,” said the State Department.

The State Department also urged U.S. citizens not to travel to the
Nagorno-Karabakh region due to armed conflict.

“The U.S. government is unable to provide emergency services to U.S.
citizens in Nagorno-Karabakh as U.S. government employees are
restricted from traveling there,” the State Department added.

There were 10,116 active cases in Armenia as of September 2. Armenia
has recorded 241,611 coronavirus cases and 4,830 deaths; 226,665 have
recovered..

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California Courier Online provides readers of the Armenian News News Service
with a few of the articles in this week’s issue of The California
Courier.

Letters to the editor are encouraged through our e-mail address,
. Letters are published with the
author’s name and location; authors are required to disclose their
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California Courier subscribers can change or modify mailing addresses
by emailing .

Asbarez: Dr. Suren Manukyan to Discuss ‘Top-Level Perpetrators’ of Armenian Genocide

Dr. Suren Manukyan will speak on “Architects of the Armenian Genocide: The Top-Level Perpetrators” during a presentation that is part of the Fall 2021 Lecture Series of the Armenian Studies Program. The online discussion will be held on Friday, September 17 at 7 p.m. PST. Zoom registration is required.

Dr. Manukyan is the Kazan Visiting Professor in Armenian Studies at Fresno State for the Fall 2021 semester and is teaching a course on “Introduction to Armenian Studies.”

In the upper circle of perpetrators of the Armenian Genocide were decision-makers. They were responsible for the formulation of the ideology of the Genocide (Ziya Gökalp, Yusuf Akçura), making the decisions on carrying out the genocide (Mehmet Talaat, Ismail Enver), and supervising the course of the massacres (Mehmed Nâzım, Behaeedin Şakir). Decision-makers sent hundreds of thousands of people to death, often without participating in their killings personally.

The perpetrators of this level were high-ranking state officials, party elites, and a few influential individuals, who had a decisive role in masterminding the Armenian Genocide. Dr. Manukyan will discuss these various perpetrators in his lecture.

Dr. Manukyan is the Head of the UNESCO Chair on Prevention of Genocide and Other Atrocity Crimes at Yerevan State University and Head of the Department of Comparative Genocide Studies at the Armenian Genocide Museum-Institute (Yerevan).He is also a Visiting lecturer at the American University of Armenia and has been a Fulbright Scholar at the Center for the Study of Genocide and Human Rights at the Rutgers University of New Jersey.

To sign up for the Zoom discussion, visit the website.

For information about upcoming Armenian Studies Program presentations, please follow us on our Facebook page, @ArmenianStudiesFresnoState or at the Program website.

Erdogan Wants Armenia to Recognize Azerbaijan’s ‘Territorial Integrity’

In declaring his willingness to work toward normalization of relations with Armenia, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey has urged Armenia to recognize Azerbaijan’s territorial integrity as a precondition.

Erdogan was presumably responding to Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, who on Friday viewed overtures by the Turkish president as “positive” and said “we [Armenia] will evaluate those signals, we will respond to the positive signals with a positive signal.”

Erdogan suggested that joint constructive steps could be taken to ensure sustainable peace and co-existence.

“There is a need for new and constructive approaches in our region. Although there are differences of opinion and expectation, it will be a responsible course of action to make a sincere effort to develop good neighborly relations on the basis of trust, including respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty,” Erdogan told reporters on Sunday, according to Hurriyet Daily News.

“There is a need for new and constructive approaches in our region. Although there are differences of opinion and expectation, it will be a responsible course of action to make a sincere effort to develop good neighborly relations on the basis of trust, including respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty,” added Erdogan.

He noted that joint constructive steps could be taken to “ensure sustainable peace and co-existence. “

The proposal for a five- or six-country platform, including Turkey, Azerbaijan, Russia, Iran, Armenia, and possibly Georgia, is still on the table, Erdogan said, adding that such a platform could bring relief and possibly solve problems in the region.

The Armenian government had not officially reacted to Erdogan’s remarks on Monday, but a lawmaker from Pashinyan’s Civil Contract party, Maria Karapetian, described it as a “positive message for discussing regional peace.”

“This is just an indirect exchange of public messages,” she told RFE/RL’s Armenian Service. Karapetian, who is a member of the parliament committee on foreign relations, said Erdogan’s remarks contained no preconditions unacceptable to the Armenian side.

Opposition lawmakers said Erdogan was continuing to set unacceptable and unrealistic preconditions in order to force Armenia to open its border with Turkey and normalize relations, arguing that Ankara wants Yerevan to agree to Azerbaijan’s control of all of Artsakh.

“Throughout his tenure Erdogan has periodically made such statements and has been rebuffed by the Armenian authorities and told to talk to Armenia, open the border and normalize relations without preconditions. Now Erdogan is coming up with a huge package of preconditions,” Gegham Manukyan of the opposition Armenia Alliance told RFE/RL’s Armenian Service on Monday

“The current authorities must categorically reject all those preconditions. But judging from their actions and constant readiness to make concessions, I have no such hope,” added Manukyan, who is also member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation.

Turkish press: Macron continues Islamophobic hate speech over war on terror

French President Emmanuel Macron arrives at Irbil international airport, Iraq, Aug. 29, 2021. (AP Photo)

French President Emmanuel Macron, who has drawn fire on many occasions for his Islamophobic rhetoric, engaged in the same hate speech once again Saturday in a tweet linking extremism and activities by the Daesh terrorist group to Islam and Muslims.

“Even though we have defeated Daesh’s territorial caliphate, the battle against Islamic terrorism is not over,” he said in the tweet that was heavily criticized by Muslims worldwide, among whom terrorist groups such as Daesh have no legitimacy due to the fact that their actions are explicitly prohibited in Islam. “As long as the terrorist groups operate and Iraq asks us to do so, France will remain engaged in Iraq,” Macron vowed.

Muslims argue that the main problem with the _expression_ “Islamic terrorism” is that it implies a tight-knit association with Islam – which is, in fact, a religion that preaches peace and respect to everyone’s lives and properties – and terrorism, which includes many types of actions, all of which are explicitly prohibited by the Islamic faith.

Macron also argued previously that “Islamic separatism” was problematic, and added that, “The problem is (that it is) an ideology that claims its own laws should be superior to those of the republic.”

In October of last year, Macron unveiled a new bill that would extend the ban on religious emblems, which notably affects Muslim women who wear headscarves or veils, to private-sector employees providing public services. The state will also have the power to step in where local authorities make unacceptable concessions to Muslims, he said, citing “religious menus” in school canteens or segregated access to swimming pools. The draft law proposes restricting home schooling to avoid having children “indoctrinated” in unregistered schools that allegedly deviated from the national curriculum.

Macron also previously said that he won’t prevent the publishing of insulting cartoons of Prophet Muhammad under the pretext of freedom of _expression_, a statement that sparked outrage in the Arab and Muslim world. Even though caricatures insulting a prophet are legal in France on freedom of speech grounds, it is illegal to deny the so-called “Armenian genocide,” which is not recognized as such by most of the countries in the world.

An international alliance of 36 nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) representing 13 countries also petitioned the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) about the systematic anti-Muslim actions of Macron-run France.

Prominent NGOs, lawyers and religious bodies called on the OHCHR to act on France’s “breadth of state abuse against Muslims” that has been raging in the country for over two decades. The coalition accuses the French government of violating “a number of basic rights that are protected in legislation that is ratified by Paris.”

The statement also alleged that the French government weaponized “laicite,” the French version of secularism, to justify the intrusion of the state in the religious and political practices of Muslims.

“France stands in violation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. France infringed on freedoms of children, specifically to target Muslim children in violation of the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child,” the statement added.

The document calls upon the U.N. to ensure that France upholds and enforces the group’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) and its International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) along with every directive on the prohibition of discrimination and racism.

The statement further urges France to enact or rescind legislation where necessary to prohibit any such discrimination and to “take all appropriate measures to combat intolerance on the grounds of religion in this matter.”

The NGOs also sought the intervention of international bodies due to the lack of any real or effective remedy within the French legal system to tackle these types of discrimination.

Macron’s anti-Muslim rhetoric has been met with criticism not only across the world but even in his own party. Earlier in May, Macron’s La Republique En Marche (LREM) barred Muslim candidate Sara Zemmahi from running in a local election after she was seen wearing a hijab in a campaign flyer. LREM asserted that the party believes that secular France should not have room for the open display of religious symbols in election campaign documents.

“This woman will not be an en Marche candidate,” the party’s General Secretary Stanislas Guerini told RTL radio.

The flyer depicts Zemmahi wearing a white hijab, a headscarf worn by many Muslim women who consider it part of their religion, standing next to three other people. “Different, but united for you,” says the flyer in reference to diversity.

Jordan Bardella, No. 2 in Marine Le Pen’s far-right Rassemblement National party, condemned the LREM, posting a flyer on Twitter with the message: “Is this how you fight separatism?” Guerini delivered an immediate response, saying that the flyer must be taken down or Zemmahi would lose the party’s support.

“Undignified. Running after (far-right) votes will only allow their ideas to prevail. Enough is enough,” tweeted LREM lawmaker Caroline Janvier.

Human rights group Amnesty International said in March that the new regulations “would be a serious attack on rights and freedoms in France.”

“Time and again we have seen the French authorities use the vague and ill-defined concept of ‘radicalization’ or ‘radical Islam’ to justify the imposition of measures without valid grounds, which risks leading to discrimination in its application against Muslims and other minority groups,” Amnesty International Europe researcher Marco Perolini said, adding that “this stigmatization must end.”

Asbarez: Aliyev Says Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Does Not Exist

President Ilham Aliyev of Azerbaijan, once again, traveled to occupied Shushi where he continued his threats against Armenians, this time saying that the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic does not exist.

He and his wife, Mehriban Aliyeva, visited Shushi to inaugurate a cultural center dedicated to an Azerbaijani poet.

Aliyev laid out plans for the redevelopment of the occupied Artsakh city, saying that five-star hotels and residential complexes were scheduled to be constructed.

“The hated enemy,” Aliyev said, referring to Armenians, “was building the so-called parliament of the self-styled ‘Nagorno-Karabakh Republic’ there,” Aliyev said. “This was intended to antagonize us. The foundation of that building had already been laid and stonework was already been completed. By my order, this devil’s lair was destroyed.”

Aliyev promised those in attendance that next year the 270th anniversary of the city will be celebrated in Shushi, which he called the “cradle of Azerbaijan.”

In reality, Shushi is an Armenian city whose history spans centuries and was known as the cultural capital of historic Armenia.

Turkish press: Turkey urges Armenia to take constructive steps in region

An Azerbaijani soldier fixes a national flag on a lamppost in the town of Lachin, the Nagorno-Karabakh region, Azerbaijan, Dec. 1, 2020. (AFP Photo)

Armenia should take constructive steps for sustainable peace and cooperation in the region, President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan said Sunday.

“There is a need for new and constructive approaches in our region,” Erdoğan told reporters on his return from official visits to Montenegro and Bosnia-Herzegovina.

“Even if there are differences in views and expectations, it will be a responsible move to show sincere efforts for developing good neighborly relations based on trust, including respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of one another,” Erdoğan highlighted.

He said that instead of unilateral accusations, realistic approaches are needed.

“We can work toward gradually normalizing our relations with an Armenian government that states it is ready for such progress,” he noted.

He urged the country to permanently establish peace and stability and to focus on economic development and regional cooperation.

Pointing out that Azerbaijan has suggested launching negotiations with Afghanistan for a comprehensive peace agreement, Erdoğan said that many new opportunities would emerge for the countries of the South Caucasus if the whole region was connected, as put forth in the trilateral declaration of Nov. 9, 2020.

Turkey is ready to work with all parties that want to take advantage of this historic opportunity, the president explained.

Erdoğan reiterated his call for a regional cooperation platform that also includes Armenia.

“If this platform is accepted, I believe that the whole region will be relieved due to the railways and roads that will have to be made,” he said, adding that Russian President Vladimir Putin and Azerbaijan’s President Ilham Aliyev also agreed on this.

Plans to revive the region can also be discussed with Iran, he added.

Turkey believes that permanent peace is possible through mutual security-based cooperation among the states and people of the South Caucasus region. Turkey had called for a six-nation platform comprising Turkey, Russia, Iran, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Armenia for permanent peace, stability and cooperation in the region.

Turkey threw its support behind Azerbaijan, whose Nagorno-Karabakh region had remained under illegal Armenian occupation for nearly three decades before finally being liberated last November.

During a 44-day conflict last year, which ended in a truce on Nov. 10, 2020, Azerbaijan liberated several cities and nearly 300 settlements and villages in Nagorno-Karabakh from Armenia’s illegal occupation.

On Nov. 10, the two countries signed a Russia-brokered deal to end fighting and work toward a comprehensive solution.

Aliyev has also frequently called on Armenia to take a constructive approach. He urged recently that “a working group should be formed on the determination of the border” and that “preparations should be made for a peace agreement” with Armenia.

If Armenia does not give up its “hostile policies,” it will not be able to regain its military or economic powers, said the president during a speech to mark the 103rd anniversary of the Azerbaijan Armed Forces, where he met with the army command and senior officers.

He added that the path to Armenia’s development is to establish normal relations with its neighbors and give up its territorial claims.

Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian said Friday that it is receiving positive signals from Turkey and his country is ready to also respond in a positive manner.

Pashinian spoke on his evaluations of the agenda items at a government meeting in Armenia’s capital Yerevan.

Pashinian also touched upon the relations between Turkey and Armenia in his speech. “We are getting some clear positive signals from the Turkish public,” he said. “We will evaluate these signals, (by) responding to positive signals with positive signals.”