Turkey’s Armenian Sub-Ethnicity: What Kurds Beware

TURKEY’S ARMENIAN SUB-ETHNICITY: WHAT KURDS BEWARE

One should understand that a big Armenian sub-ethnicity is living in
Turkey which considers Turkey their homeland and link their future
to the political, economic, social processes in this country. This
population lives on vast territories from Svas and Dersim to the
borders of Syria, Iraq and Iran, forming majority in most regions
and sub-regions. In addition, it is necessary to distinguish between
different groups of Armenians: crypto-Armenians, Muslim Armenians,
Armenian-Alavis, as well as assimilated Armenians.

This population has complicated relations with Kurds. In some cases
they are partners, in other cases they are in obviously unfriendly
relations. These relations depend on such factors as use of land and
other economic factors, as well as political ambitions and aspirations,
first of all, of Kurdish politicians.

The heads of leading political parties are trying to observe the
rules of the game, agreed with different ethnic groups in Anatolia,
including the Armenian sub-ethnicity. It is widely known that there
are not only constant Kurdish-Armenian relations but also certain
agreements which are considered in a link with certain developments.

By political views, it is possible to distinguish the Armenians of
Anatolia in the following way: those who think that Turkey cannot exist
as a whole and support the Kurdish movement (different organizations);
those who link their future to democratization and human rights
in Turkey.

Now the moods and intentions of Kurdish political centers which are
hostile to the Armenians are well known, the factors and motives of
such relations, as well as the relations between different Kurdish
groups of insurgents and political organizations regarding Armenia are
well-known. Certain groups of the Armenian sub-ethnicity are well-aware
of this and are trying to control these moods and intentions.

Currently these groups are going through a period of coordination of
relations which has led to a new situation in Turkey’s eastern vilayets
which the Kurdish political organizations cannot help to react to. Of
course, the Turkish state has every possibility to kindle hostility
and lack of confidence among different ethnicities and groups,
and the relevant services have worked out ways of managing this
situation. However, one may assert that some complications between
Kurds and Armenian ethnic groups in Turkey are caused by competition
between the two main branches of the Kurdish national movement,
the Kurdish Labor Party and the Party of Democracy and Peace.

It is known that the second party separated from the Labor Party,
keeping close relations with it by the principle of the well-known
Irish political parties. Armenians are represented significantly
to both parties, which influences certain decisions, and discussion
mainly covers the extent of radicalism. Aside from this, problems of
personality occur and Armenians also play a role in this.

Currently, the national Kurdish movement is working on different
strategies, which needs to be approbated in certain circles, and in
this line of activities the Armenians play an even bigger role. For
example, disputes occurred on the plans of Kurdishizing the Republic
of Azerbaijan, which has caused a lot of issues in the Kurdish circles.

Now the Kurdish national movement and the entire population of
Eastern Anatolia is under threat caused by the failure of Turkey’s
democratization, as well as economic and social decline. Now certain
political circles in Ankara will most probably prefer violent methods
in these vilayets with a view to changing the political setting in
the country. A wave of chauvinism and racism will rise, which is able
to cause a tough struggle with democratic organizations.

Here is a simple and tested scheme used in Turkey for many times. This
will further aggravate Turkey’s relations with the U.S. and NATO,
as well as the European Union but Turkey and Russia may support each
other though in the foreign political aspect. The domestic situation
is much more important, and the external stakeholders will hardly be
interested in the real prospects related to the situation in Turkey.

The West will face the task of matching strategic and regional
interests relating to Turkey. So far the West has preferred a balance
between the requirements of democracy and military partnership with
Turkey. What should be done further if more radical developments take
place in Anatolia?

However, this does not mean that nobody in the West works out
projects on the future of Anatolia. Both left and right projects
are being worked out simultaneously. This is not the first year but
the developments in Syria and Iraq, as well as normalization of the
American-Iranian relations and attempts at rapprochement of Turkey and
Russia let the Americans and Germany, their chief partner in Europe
regarding the problems of Turkey, understand that it is necessary to
activate the implied initiatives in the form of political projects.

Now there are too many complications on the way of at least partial
implementation of both projects. The Americans believe that this
policy will be supported by NATO and leading states of Europe and
the Near East. There has not been such a situation. Before NATO’s
upcoming leap towards the big diagonal in Western Asia it is necessary
to resolve several complicated issues.

Not a long time ago a man of original analytical thinking and political
author Haik Balanyan guided me onto the thought on possible integration
of Iraqi Kurdistan with Turkey, and this suggestion was put forth when
there were no premises for it. However, a more or less thorough study
of this scenario has led to the understanding of many and different
lines of conduct, and most importantly, the understanding of whose
project it is.

Apparently, it is time the developers show the cards which would be
a global sensation. It is not acceptable to ignore details when big
politics is concerned. Therefore, the problems of small ethnic groups
may become an important factor in global politics. This contains
threats and hopes for a break through such a fossilized geopolitical
configuration.

Igor Muradyan, Political Analyst 18:04 17/01/2014 Story from Lragir.am
News:

http://www.lragir.am/index/eng/0/comments/view/31742

Economist: Knowledge-Based Economy Can Propel Armenia’s Development

ECONOMIST: KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY CAN PROPEL ARMENIA’S DEVELOPMENT

YEREVAN, January 17. /ARKA/. Knowledge-based economy can propel
Armenia’s development, Vardan Bostanjyan, an economist and a former
member of parliament, told ARKA News Agency on Friday.

“Our room for development is not small, and I think it is necessary
to move toward knowledge-based economy, which needs a right policy
for proper development,” he said.

In his opinion, effective usage of intellectual resources will put
things in the country right by enhancing enterprises’ profitability
and creating new jobs.

The expert pointed out development of the light industry and small
and mid-scale businesses as other ways to spur economic growth in
the country.

According to National Statistical Service of Armenia, the country’s
GDP grew 1.4% in the third quarter 2013, compared with the same period
of 2012, to AMD 1283.5 billion.

In the 2013 government budget, GDP growth was projected at 6.2%
and in the 2014 budget at 5.2%. -0—

– See more at:

http://arka.am/en/news/economy/economist_knowledge_based_economy_can_propel_armenia_s_development/#sthash.IvJX9JMr.dpuf

By 2015 Armenian Cadastre Will Draw Full GPS Map Of Yerevan

BY 2015 ARMENIAN CADASTRE WILL DRAW FULL GPS MAP OF YEREVAN

January 17, 2014 | 14:51

YEREVAN. – By 2015 Armenia’s state committee on real estate cadastre
will draw the full GPS map of Yerevan.

Deputy Head of the Committee Ashot Musayan said GPS system will be
installed in the regions within the agreement between the Committee
and the Norwegian Mapping and Cadastre Authority. The equipment will
be supplied by Leica Geosystems. Twelve reference stations already
exist in 12 settlement of Armenia.

“This will allow us, within the accuracy of several centimeters, get
details of any point in the country. Similar systems are providing
this information, for example Google Maps, but not that accurate,”
Musanyan said.

In addition, work will continue to include new areas in the geodetic
coordinate system WGS -84.

News from Armenia – NEWS.am

Pre-Parliament Group Calls For Creating Pan-Armenian Foundation

PRE-PARLIAMENT GROUP CALLS FOR CREATING PAN-ARMENIAN FOUNDATION

11:48 ~U 17.01.14

The Pre-Parliament group has issued as a statement calling for measures
to create an alternative pan-Armenian foundation in an effort to
overcome the challenges facing the Armenian nation.

It statement is presented below:

“To overcome the existential challenges that all Armenians are
facing today it is a must to establish a nation-state, and the first
precondition of it is the existence of a sovereign government led by
national interests.

“Meanwhile, the current government of the Republic of Armenia and
the core of it – the administration not only fail to be led by
those interests but also openly serve the foreign powers for the
sake of their personal and clan interests. As a consequence of the
anti-national and oppressing activities of this system we have reached
a state where not only sovereignty but also the physical existence
of Armenians in their homeland are endangered.

“Hence, today the overarching goal for all Armenians is the formation
of a representative government in Armenia, serving national interests
and Pre-Parliament has undertaken the process of creating the necessary
preconditions for reaching this goal.

“This nationwide undertaking requires significant resources necessary
for the formation of all-Armenian movement targeting the creation
and development of a renewed Armenian state.

“For this purpose we shall particularly need:

1) to attract professionals in the development of the strategic vision
of the renewed state;

2) to create a network support structure in Armenia and Diaspora
centered around above mentioned goal;

3) to develop and operate an independent media system (TV and e-media
ecosystem, etc.);

4) to provide legal and social protection and support to the oppressed
and their family members;

5) to form representative governing bodies necessary for the removal
of the regime, and first of all – an alternative parliament and to
ensure the legitimization and activities of those bodies.

“Reaching above mentioned goal implies stopping of any support to
criminal administration and its actions to pretend serving national
interests and to mislead our people.

“That purpose is served also by “Hayastan” All-Armenian Fund. It is
no longer an instrument for the development of our Homeland and is
mainly applied to fulfill the criminal oligarchic interests of the
regime at the expense of the Diaspora.

“Taking into account all the above-mentioned, Pre-Parliament urges
all Armenians to stop donating to the regime and to establish an
alternative nationwide fund, the main objective of which shall be
the formation of the government led by national interests.”

http://www.tert.am/en/news/2014/01/17/pre-parliament/

Trois morts dans une embarcation qui coule sur un lac d’Ukraine dont

FAIT DIVERS
Trois morts dans une embarcation qui coule sur un lac d’Ukraine dont
un élu Arménien

En Ukraine, près du village de Strekovoyé dans le lac de Sivash
(région de Kherson) trois hommes ont perdu la vie samedi 11 janvier,
dont un élu municipal Arménien de Dneprotserjinski, Artouch
Tchobanian. Selon le Service ukrainien des secours d’urgence, le matin
du 11 janvier les trois hommes à bord d’un bateau pneumatique se sont
engagés sur le lac Sivash pour pêcher. Mais leur embarcation aurait
disparu. Le soir, les pompiers les pompiers découvrait le bateau coulé
et les trois corps au fond du lac. L’une des victimes était Artouch
Tchobanian, membre du Conseil municipal de Dneprotserjinski (région de
Dnepropetrovsk).

Krikor Amirzayan

samedi 18 janvier 2014,
Krikor Amirzayan ©armenews.com

http://www.armenews.com/article.php3?id_article-460

Crossroads E-Newsletter – January 16, 2014

PRESS RELEASE
Eastern Prelacy of the Armenian Apost. Church of America and Canada
H.E. Archbishop Oshagan Choloyan
Prelate, Easter Prelacy and Canada
138 East 39th Street
New York, NY 10016
Tel: 212-689-7810
Fax: 212-689-7168
Web:

PRELATE IN NEW JERSEY

Last Sunday Archbishop Oshagan presided over the Divine Liturgy at
Sts. Vartanantz Church in Ridgefield, New Jersey. During the Liturgy,
students and
staff of the Sunday School received their first communion of the new
year and the blessings of the Prelate.

After the Divine Liturgy, His Eminence met with members of the
Compatriotic Union of Urfa of New Jersey who presented the Prelate
with a check for $10,000 for the Fund for Syrian Armenian Relief.

Archbishop Oshagan watches as staff and students of the Sunday School
receive Communion.

Archbishop Oshagan and Rev. Fr. Hovnan Bozoian with members of the New
Jersey Compatriotic Union of Urfa, who presented a generous donation
to the Fund for Syrian Armenian Relief.

PLEASE DO NOT FORGET OUR ONGOING RELIEF EFFORTS FOR THE ARMENIAN
COMMUNITY
IN SYRIA WHERE CONDITIONS ARE BECOMING INCREASINGLY MORE DIFFICULT.
THE NEED IS REAL.
THE NEED IS GREAT.

DONATIONS TO THE FUND FOR SYRIAN ARMENIAN RELIEF CAN BE MADE ON LINE.
TO DONATE NOW CLICK HERE () AND
SELECT SYRIAN ARMENIAN RELIEF IN THE MENU.

The Fund for Syrian Armenian Relief is a joint effort of: Armenian
Apostolic Church of America (Eastern Prelacy); Armenian Catholic
Eparchy; Armenian
Evangelical Union of North America; Armenian Relief Society (Eastern
USA, Inc.); Armenian Revolutionary Federation.

Thank you for your help

IN MEMORIAM
Maestro Aram Gharabekian

The acclaimed Armenian conductor, Aram Gharabekian, died on January 11
in Los Angeles. He was 58.

Maestro Gharabekian served as the music director and principal
conductor of the National Chamber Orchestra of Armenia from 1997 to
2010. In 2001 the Eastern Prelacy sponsored a concert featuring the
Chamber Orchestra led by Mr. Gharabekian in celebration of the 1700th
anniversary of Christian Armenia. The concert took place on November
10, 2001, at Alice Tully Hall in New
York’s Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts. The concert,
=80=9CPassion and Light,’ a sold-out performance, received wide
critical acclaim. Mr. Gharabekian was also the founder and artistic
director of the Boston-based SinfoNova Orchestra from 1983 to1991.

We express deepest condolences to his family, colleagues, and friends.

CLERGY CANDIDATES ARRIVE IN ANTELIAS

Two clergy candidates who have been studying in the United States
arrived in Antelias, Lebanon where they will complete their studies
before returning to the United States. The two candidates are Deacon
Diran Der Khosrofian,
from St. Asdvadzadzin Church, Whitinsville, Massachusetts, and Deacon
Harold Nazarian from Sts. Vartanantz Church, Providence, Rhode
Island. Archpriest Fr. Aram Stepanian, chairman of the Prelacy’s
Religious Council,
traveled with the two deacons.

Der Aram and the deacons at the airport prior to departure with family
members who bid them bon voyage.

Der Aram and Deacons Diran and Harold in front of the Cathedral of
St. Gregory the Illuminator in Antelias, Lebanon, with Very
Rev. Fr. Paren Vartanian who is in charge of the special study program
the deacons will follow.

CHRISTMAS IN GLENVIEW

Photo by Tina Tcholakian

Archpriest Fr. Zareh Sahakian officiates during the Blessing of the
Water ceremony at All Saints Church, Glenview, Illinois. The Godfather
is Armen Jerikian, son of Mr. & Mrs. Michael Jerikian.

BIBLE READINGS

Bible readings for Sunday, January 19, First Sunday after Nativity,
are: Isaiah 54:1-13; 1Timothy 1:1-11; John 2:1-11.

On the third day there was a wedding in Cana of Galilee, and the
mother of
Jesus was there. Jesus and his disciples had also been invited to the
wedding. When the wine gave out, the mother of Jesus said to him,
`They
have no wine.’ And Jesus said to her, `Woman, what concern
is that to you and to me? My hour has not yet come.’ His mother said
to the servants, `Do whatever he tells you.’ Now standing there were
six stone water jars for the Jewish rites of purification, each
holding twenty or thirty gallons. Jesus said to them, `Fill the jars
with water.’ And they filled them up to the brim. He said to them,
`Now draw some out, and take it to the chief steward.’ So they took
it. When the steward tasted the water that had become wine, and did
not know where it came from (though the servants who had drawn the
water knew), the steward called the bridegroom and said to him,
`Everyone serves the good wine first, and then the inferior wine after
the
guests have become drunk. But you have kept the good wine until now.’
Jesus did this, the first of his signs, in Cana of Galilee, and
revealed his glory; and his disciples believed in him. (John 2:1-11)

For a listing of the coming week’s Bible readings click here
().

THE HERMITS: ANTHONY, TRYPHON, BARSAUMA, and ONOUPHRIUS

Tomorrow, Saturday, January 18, the Armenian Church remembers four
early Christians, the Hermits Anthony, Tryphon, Barsauma, and
Onouphrius.

Of the four hermit saints, Anthony is the best known. He lived during
the time of our Lord and he heard the words spoken by Jesus to a
wealthy young man advising, `If you will be perfect, go and sell all
that you have and give it to the poor and come follow me.’ Anthony did
exactly that, lived as a hermit, preached the teachings of Jesus and
encouraged others to follow his example. The place he selected to live
became the site of
the first monastery; that is why he is recognized as the father of
monasticism. Subsequently, many other brotherhoods were established
throughout the
world.

`Blessed among the fathers, Saint Anthony, who surpassed human nature,
intercede before Christ for our souls. You spent many days without
food, enduring voluntarily all the needs of the flesh; intercede
before Christ
for our souls. By your constant remembrance of us before Christ, be
the helper of those who celebrate your memory that we also may receive
praise.’
(Canon to Saint Anthony from the Liturgical Canons of the Armenian
Church)

LITURGICAL CALENDAR POSTER

The 2014 color poster of the Liturgical Calendar of the Armenian
Apostolic
Church is now available at the Prelacy. At a glance, one can see the
cycle
of feasts and fasts and seasons of the Armenian Church year, which
begins on January 6, 2014.

An added feature this year is a list of `Basic Facts’ about the
Armenian Church’s liturgical year. This 27×36 inch poster belongs in
every Sunday school classroom.

To order, please contact the Prelacy at 212-689-7810 or at
[email protected]. The cost of the poster is $5.00 plus
shipping and handling.

Victoria `Tori’ Kulungian, left, and Nairi Hovsepian in Armenia
overlooking Yerevan where they spent four weeks working on various
projects.

NORTH ANDOVER SUNDAY SCHOOL FRIENDS
TAKE THEIR MISSION TO ARMENIA

Nairi Hovsepian and Victoria (Tori) Kulungian attended Sunday School
at St. Gregory Church in North Andover, Massachusetts, where they
received their
religious education, as well as the history of their ancestors. When
they had the opportunity to visit Armenia last summer, they eagerly
accepted.

During their 20-day trip, they worked at a soup kitchen, helped build
a home, taught English classes and art, just to mention a few of the
challenges
that brought them closer to their roots, including learning the
language.

To read the story by journalist Tom Vartabedian click here
().

SAVE THE DATES FOR NRA

The 2014 National Representative Assembly (NRA), along with the Clergy
Conference, and the Conference of the National Association of Ladies
Guilds (NALG), will take place May 13-17, hosted by St. Sarkis Church,
Dearborn, Michigan. Watch for details.

THIS WEEK IN ARMENIAN HISTORY
(Prepared by the Armenian National Education Committee[ANEC])

Birth of Dikran Khan Kelekian
(January 19, 1868)

The Assyrian reliefs of Genii and King Assurnasirpal, as well as the
winged bull and lion from the ninth-century B.C. Palace of
Assurnasirpal, which are today at the Metropolitan Museum in New York,
were originally acquired in 1932 by John D. Rockefeller. The seller
was a notable collector and dealer of Islamic art, Dikran Kelekian,
who by that time was working together with his son, Charles
(1900-1982). The representation of the head of Tutankhamun, seen in
the museum’s collection and on the cover of the catalogue of the
Egyptian Wing, was acquired from the Kelekians in the late 1940s.

Dikran Kelekian was born in Caesarea (Kayseri) to a family originally
from
Persia. He was the son of an Armenian banker. He studied ancient Near
Eastern history at Robert College (now Bogazici University) in
Constantinople (now Istanbul) and continued his education in Paris. He
set himself up, with
his brother Kevork, in the antiquities business in Constantinople at
the age of 24 and soon acquired a reputation as a knowledgeable
collector and dealer specializing in Islamic art, particularly
pottery. He came to the United States in 1893 as a commissioner for
the Persian Pavilion at the Chicago
World’s Fair. He soon established shops in New York (Le Musée
de Bosphore), Paris, London, and Cairo, where he and his brother
flourished as vendors, selling works of art and antiquities.

In 1902 the Shah of Persia elevated Kelekian to the title of khan and
appointed him to serve as the Persian consul in New York. His gallery
became the headquarters of the consulate. He served as a member of the
jury for the Paris World’s Fair of 1900, and was the general commissar
of the Persian Empire at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition de Saint
Louis, also known as St. Louis World’s Fair (1904), mounting a large
display of his
wares, accompanied with an illustrated catalogue. He eventually became
an American citizen. His collections were featured in a number of
international exhibitions in Paris, Munich, London, and New York over
the decades. He is the author of Potteries of Persia, Being a Brief
History of the Arts of Ceramics in the Near East (1909).

Kelekian was a member of the Central Board of Directors of the
Armenian General Benevolent Union and in 1909 he funded an AGBU
orphanage bearing his name in Deort Yol (Cilicia) for Armenian
refugees fleeing the Adana massacres.

Regarded as the `dean of antiquities’ in the United States, he acted
as an adviser to great American collectors, including Henry Walters,
George Blumenthal, and Louisine and Henry Havemeyer. Art critic Roger
Fry described him as having an “omnivorous acquisitiveness.” In his
book The Kelekian Collection of Persian and Analogous Potteries,
1885-1910 (1910), he stated his aesthetic views. For him, Persian art
was a precursor of avant-garde art, which he defended with
passion. Along with Coptic, Paleo-Christian, or Persian art, his
gallery promoted the works of Matisse, Rouault, Derain, and Picasso in
the United States.

Kelekian’s Cairo gallery served as a base for purchasing Egyptian
antiquities, including Late Antique, commonly referred to as Coptic,
textiles. In 1943 Milton Avery painted Kelekian in his gallery, posed
before a Coptic textile. The `School of Paris’ rendered homage to him
with an exhibition of twenty-one portraits at the Gallery Durand Ruel
(1944).

At age 83, Kelekian died in January 1951, when he fell from the
twenty-first floor of the St. Moritz hotel in New York. His son first
took the succession, and then the business was maintained by his
granddaughter Nanette until 1990. Sometime in the early twentieth
century, Kelekian had assembled an
album of approximately one thousand textile fragments, which she
donated to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 2002.

Previous entries in `This Week in Armenian History’ are on
the Prelacy’s web site ().

THE ARMENIAN LANGUAGE CORNER

Don’t Sit on a File!

You may have a long sofa without a back, probably with various
cushions against the wall. The English language calls that a divan
(the same as French
and Spanish), and the word comes from Turkish divan. But, indeed, the
nomadic Turks had come into the Near East and did not bring the sofa
with them:
they simply adopted it, as they did with many other things, from the
Arabs
(diwan), who, in their turn, had borrowed it from the Persians. The
Armenian dialects also have the word Õ¿Õ«Ö=82Õ¡Õ¶ (divan), borrowed
from Turkish, which is used in colloquial language.

Strangely enough, the two ultimate source words for these words, and
for many others spread from the Middle East to the Atlantic Ocean, are
dÄ`vÄ=81n (`archive,’ in Middle Persian) and divan (`tribunal, hall,
court, council chamber, collection of poems,’ in Persian). How did an
archive or a tribunal become a cushioned seat? The explanation is
quite simple: those seats are found along the wall in Middle Eastern
council chambers.

The word divan `Oriental council of state’ also entered the English
language in the 1580s, but it is not the kind of word that you use on
a daily basis. Instead, its counterpart Õ¤Õ«Ö=82Õ¡Õ¶
(tivan, in Western Armenian pronunciation) is of quite common use,
although not with that same meaning.

The word entered Classical Armenian from Persian already in the fifth
century. Historians Koriun and Movses Khorenatsi used Õ¤Õ«Ö=82Õ¡Õ¶
with the meaning of `school’ or `library.’ Today, in Modern Armenian,
the word is used with the meanings of =80=9Carchive’ and `office.’

In its first meaning, it’s synonymous with Õ¡Ö=80Õ-Õ«Ö=82/arkhiv, a
borrowing from German via Russian.

In the second, you may hear it used when you talk about the tivan of
an organization, meaning the distribution of the offices in its
executive board.
It also designates the office of president and secretary of an
assembly.

The word is particularly used in compound terms, such as:

Ô´Õ«Ö=82Õ¡Õ¶Õ¡Õ£Õ§Õ¿ (tivanaked) =80=9Cdiplomat,’ hence
Õ¤Õ«Ö=82Õ¡Õ¶Õ¡Õ£Õ«Õ¿Õ¸Ö=82Õ©Õ«Ö=82Õ¶ (tivanakidootyoon) `diplomacy’

Ô´Õ«Ö=82Õ¡Õ¶Õ¡ÕºÕ¥Õ¿ (tivanabed) =80=9Chead of office / head of
archive’

Ô´Õ«Ö=82Õ¡Õ¶Õ¡Õ¯Õ¡Õ¬ (tivanagal) =80=9Cbureaucrat’

As you see, seats and archives are related in Armenian. It is only a
matter of being careful and avoid sitting. . . on a file.

Previous entries in `The Armenian Language Corner’ are on the
Prelacy’s web site ().

HRANT DINK ANNIVERSARY

This Sunday, January 19, marks the 7th anniversary of the
assassination of
Hrant Dink, the out-spoken and brave editor of the influential Turkish
Armenian newspaper, Agos, the first newspaper in Turkey to be
published in Turkish and Armenian.

Dink was one of Turkey’s most prominent Armenian voices and, despite
threats on his life, he refused to remain silent. He always said his
aim
was to improve the difficult relationship between Turks and
Armenians. He focused on issues of free speech, minority rights, civic
rights, injustice,
and issues pertaining to the Armenian community in Turkey. In his
public speeches he never refrained from using the word genocide when
talking about the Armenian Genocide.

MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. DAY

This Monday, January 20, is a federal holiday in the United States
honoring Martin Luther King, Jr.

Dr. King was born on January 15, 1929. He attended public schools in
Georgia and graduated from high school at age 15. He received the
B.A. degree from Morehouse College in Atlanta. After three years of
theological study at Crozser Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania, he
received the B.D. degree and continued graduate studies at Boston
University where he successfully completed his doctoral studies in
1955. Two years later he was elected president of the Southern
Christian Leadership Conference, an organization formed
to provide new leadership for the civil rights movement. King took the
ideals of this organization from Christianity and its operation al
techniques from Gandhi. From 1957 to 1968 he traveled more than six
million miles and delivered more than 2,500 speeches, appearing
wherever there was injustice,
believing that injustice anywhere is injustice everywhere. In 1964, at
age
35, he received the Nobel Peace Prize. Four years later, on April 4,
1968,
he was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee.

May the memory of the righteous be forever blessed and honored.

CALENDAR OF EVENTS

January 31-Memorial Program dedicated to Sos Sargsyan, Armenian actor,
playwright, people’s artist, and political activist, organized
by Hamazkayin Armenian Educational and Cultural Society of New York,
featuring Karine Kocharyan, Voice of Armenians TVNY, at the Armenian
Center, 69-23 47th Street, Woodside, New York. Suggested donation:
$7.00. For information: 718-565-8397.

February 1-Valentine’s Day Dinner Dance, St. Sarkis Church,
Douglaston, New York.

February 2-St. Sarkis Men’s Club, Dearborn, Michigan, presents Super
Bowl Party, at Lillian Arakelian Hall.

February 9-St. Sarkis Church, Dearborn, Michigan, Book Presentation by
Deacon Shant Kazanjian following the Divine Liturgy at Lillian
Arakelian Hall.

February 9-Sts. Vartanantz Church, Ridgefield, New Jersey, Bishop
Anoushavan will celebrate the Divine Liturgy and deliver the
sermon. Following the services, His Grace will make a presentation
commemorating the 50th
anniversary of the passing of Catholicos Zareh I, and the 30th
anniversary
of the passing of Catholicos Khoren I.

February 24-26-Annual Clergy Ghevontiantz Gathering hosted by Holy
Cross Church, 255 Spring Avenue, Troy, New York.

March 1-St. Sarkis Sunday School, Dearborn, Michigan, Poon Paregentan
Costume Party for everyone, at Lillian Arakelian Hall.

March 26-St. Sarkis Ladies Guild, Dearborn, Michigan, Mid-Lenten
Luncheon following the Lenten morning service, Lillian Arakelian Hall.

March 28-Musical Armenia Concert presented by Eastern Prelacy and
Prelacy Ladies Guild, at Carnegie Hall, Weill Recital Hall, 8 pm.

May 13-17-Clergy Conference and National Representative Assembly, and
Annual Conference of the National Association of Ladies’ Guilds
(NALG) of the Eastern Prelacy, hosted by St. Sarkis Church, Dearborn,
Michigan.

June 1-Ladies Guild Annual Brunch, St. Sarkis Church, Douglaston, New
York.

June 1-St. Sarkis Church, Dearborn, Michigan, Toronto Children’s Choir
concert in the church sanctuary.

Web pages of the parishes can be accessed through the Prelacy’s web
site.

To ensure the timely arrival of Crossroads in your electronic mailbox,
add [email protected] to your address book

Items in Crossroads can be reproduced without permission. Please
credit Crossroads as the source.

Parishes of the Eastern Prelacy are invited to send information about
their major events to be included in the calendar. Send to:
[email protected]

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2014 Index Of Economic Freedom: Armenia 18th Among 43 Countries In T

2014 INDEX OF ECONOMIC FREEDOM: ARMENIA 18TH AMONG 43 COUNTRIES IN THE EUROPE REGION

14:50 14.01.2014

Armenia is ranked 18th among the 43 countries in the Europe region
in the 2014 Index of Economic Freedom released by the Wall Street
Journal and the Heritage Foundation.

According to the report, Armenia’s economic freedom score is 68.9,
making its economy the 41st freest in the 2014 Index. Its overall
score has declined by 0.5 point from last year, primarily due to
combined deteriorations in investment freedom, business freedom,
and fiscal freedom.

Armenia is ranked 18th among the 43 countries in the Europe region,
and its score is above the world and regional averages.

Over the 20-year history of the Index, Armenia has improved its
economic freedom score by 26.7 points, the fourth largest score
increase. Recording score improvements in eight of the 10 economic
freedoms, including monetary freedom, management of public finance,
trade freedom, and financial freedom, Armenia has advanced from
economic repression 20 years ago to economically “moderately free”
today. Facilitated by the broad advancement of economic freedom,
diversification of the economic base has enhanced Armenia’s economic
dynamism and reduced poverty.

Nonetheless, substantial challenges remain, particularly in
implementing deeper institutional and systemic reforms that are
critical to strengthening the foundations of economic freedom. Both
the protection of property rights and freedom from corruption are far
below world standards, and the legal framework continues to be weak.

For 20 years The Heritage Foundation, in partnership with The Wall
Street Journal, has tracked the march of economic freedom around
the world with the influential Index of Economic Freedom based on
10 quantitative and qualitative factors, grouped into four broad
categories, or pillars, of economic freedom: Rule of Law (property
rights, freedom from corruption); Limited Government (fiscal freedom,
government spending); Regulatory Efficiency (business freedom,
labor freedom, monetary freedom); and Open Markets (trade freedom,
investment freedom, financial freedom).

Armenia’s neighboring countries and Customs Union member states are
ranked as follows: Georgia – 22nd, Iran – 173rd, Azerbaijan – 81st,
Turkey – 64th, Russia – 140th, Belarus – 150th, Kazakhstan – 67th.

http://www.armradio.am/en/2014/01/14/2014-index-of-economic-freedom-armenia-18th-among-43-countries-in-the-europe-region/

Advising People Save Money Is Nothing But ‘Sacrilege’: Opposition MP

ADVISING PEOPLE SAVE MONEY IS NOTHING BUT ‘SACRILEGE’: OPPOSITION MP’S RESPONSE TO RULING PARTY REP

18:19 ~U 15.01.14

Chairman of the Republican Party of Armenia (RPA) parliamentary faction
Galust Sahakyan has advised people “to save money for paying public
utilities charges.”

Talking to Tert.am, Prosperous Party of Armenia (PAP) member Vahan
Babayan offers Sahakyan the following arithmetical problem: “How can
a person getting AMD 40,000 (about $100) a month save up AMD 80,000
for paying public utilities charge?”

“Before giving such advice, the authorities themselves must learn
saving. Did not the budget debates show the authorities are far from
being economical?”

The Preparliament member Tigran Khzmalyan said: “Many people can recall
a similar advice the then Armenian President Levon Ter-Petrosyan gave
in early 1990s – borrowing money from neighbors.”

Armenian National Congress (ANC) member Zoya Tadevosyan called
Sahakyan’s advice “sacrilege.”

“It is immoral to give such advice, with our millionaire-presidents
and political elite’s wild life,” she told Tert.am.

“People have no money. Forty percent of Armenia’s population is below
the poverty line. What can a poor man save? Can Mr Sahakyan answer
this question?”

Secretary of the Prosperous Armenia parliamentary group Naira Zohrabyan
told Tert.am she is not any more surprised at “such statements.” This
situation cannot be tolerated any longer.

“So people with their little children and old people have to fall
ill, save on food only because the authorities’ disgraceful policy
has driven them to despair. Let them [officials] visit these people
and see how they can make both ends meet instead of advising them to
save money,” Zohrabyan said.

http://www.tert.am/en/news/2014/01/15/utility/

Gerard-Francois Dumont: Neglecting Historical Facts Makes Solution O

GERARD-FRANCOIS DUMONT: NEGLECTING HISTORICAL FACTS MAKES SOLUTION OF KARABAKH CONFLICT EVEN HARDER

18:46 15/01/2014 ” INTERVIEWS

Panorama.am presents an interview with Professor of Demography at
the University of Paris IV-Sorbonne Gerard-Francois Dumont.

Nvard Chalikyan: Prof. Dumont, in your recent article titled
Nagorno-Karabakh: the geopolitics of a conflict without end you speak
about the origins of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. How do you assess
the fact that these historical realities are completely ignored in
the current conflict resolution process?

Gerard-Francois Dumont: The ignorance of the historical facts which
are at the heart of geopolitical conflicts is unfortunately quite
common. This is clearly seen in the conflicts currently taking place
in Sudan, Central Africa and even in Europe, where there is a marked
tension between Hungary and the European Union. The main reason of
the latter is that the treaty of Trianon, signed on 04 June 1920
in the aftermath of the World War I, was unjust. The truth is that
the principle of the inviolability of frontiers currently endorsed
by the international community results in complete neglect of the
causes and history of the formation of these frontiers.

Comparisons are not always appropriate, however, it is interesting to
compare the situations in the South Caucasus and Ukraine. The USSR,
having employed the principle of “divide and rule”, in 1946 attached
to Ukraine Crimea, which gave Moscow access to the Black Sea and
then to the Mediterranean. This complicated the current geopolitical
situation of Ukraine, which is vividly seen from the fact that Crimea
was the only region which voted against the independence of Ukraine
in the referendum of 1991. Ceteris paribus, the USSR drew the borders
of Azerbaijan according to that same principle, a fact which is now
largely ignored. Similarly, the pogroms of Armenians in Baku in 1988
have also been ignored. But the neglect of historical facts always
has the same result – it makes the solution of the conflict harder
and fuels it even more.

NC: Considering the fact that Azerbaijan continues to pose
an existential threat to Nagorno-Karabakh today (given current
anti-Armenian policies, military rhetoric, etc.) do you think the
proposed Madrid Principles provide tangible security guarantees to the
people of the Nagorno-Karabakh against possible Azerbaijani aggression?

Gerard-Francois Dumont: Historically the principles are like
agreements and declarations. They have exactly as much importance
as the politicians give to them. Geopolitics is a game based on
power balance. No principle, however desirable it might be, can ever
guarantee the security of a people. Whether you are for or against
the Madrid Principles, they are only principles, the interpretation
of which can vary greatly depending on the protagonists, while their
implementation can be very different depending on the balance of
power. In other words, Nagorno-Karabakh must be ready for all the
possible developments. As a matter of fact, only the peace agreement
which will include security guarantees, as well as willingness to
preserve those, can guarantee the security.

NC: From purely geopolitical perspective is there a scenario that can
bring to a final solution of the conflict and to a long-term peace
in the region?

Gerard-Francois Dumont: History teaches us that conflicts are resolved
only when the immediate parties to the conflict really want to put
an end to it. Of course, international powers can contribute to
the solution of the conflict if they refrain from igniting it and
if they offer guarantees. The Minsk Group plays a useful role by
trying to appease the conflict and facilitate the dialogue. However,
it cannot solve the conflict, as past two decades have shown. The
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict can only be completely solved if Azerbaijan,
Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh find common ground and are equally eager
to resolve it.

NC: And what would you say about the role of democracy in the
resolution of this conflict?

Gerard-Francois Dumont: One of the factors that complicates the
resolution of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is that it depends on the
situation between the parties to the conflict. It is a lot easier to
find a solution to those conflicts where the parties are democratic,
as peoples do not like being imprisoned within closed borders and they
eventually vote for those leaders who want the borders to be used
as a means of exchange and trade. Thus we can only wish democratic
progress to these countries.

NC: From the geopolitical perspective how do you assess the decision
of the Republic of Armenia to become a member of the Customs Union?

Could Armenia have possibly taken another rout being faced with the
choice between Russia and Europe?

Gerard-Francois Dumont: Armenia, which has limited resources and
is largely isolated because of the closed borders with Turkey and
Azerbaijan, has to rely on those partners which have the capability and
the wish to effectively contribute to Armenia’s security. The current
situation in the international relations is such that the United States
gives preference to Turkey at least merely due to what I call “the rule
of numbers” – Turkey has a population of 76 million, while Armenia,
together with Nagorno-Karabakh, has a population of three million.

The European Union, being an ally of the US, in 2005 started
negotiations with Turkey for Turkey’s membership in the EU, or to be
more precise, for granting Turkey a status of a candidate country, with
all the financial privileges pertaining to it. But this situation is
ridiculous: Turkey does not recognize the sovereignty of one of the
EU members; neither does it guarantee the protection of the rights
of its minorities, which is a fundamental European value.

Thus, being unable to rely either on the US or on the EU, Armenia had
no other choice but to join the Russia-led Customs Union. Besides,
Moscow has paid for it by offering to provide gas to Armenia with
“friendly prices”. At the same time however the Customs Union cannot
work miracles, for two reasons. First, the CU opens for Armenia a
smaller market compared to that of the EU with the population of 500
million; second, the economy of the CU member states is based more
on the exploitation of natural resources than on innovations. Having
said this, it must also be acknowledged that Russia, the country that
has founded the Customs Union, does after all provide a necessary
security umbrella for Armenia.

NC: Professor Dumont, thank you very much for the interesting
interview.

The interview was conducted by Nvard Chalikyan

http://www.panorama.am/en/interviews/2014/01/15/dumont/

Azerbaijani Side Did Not Lead OSCE Mission To Frontlines During Moni

AZERBAIJANI SIDE DID NOT LEAD OSCE MISSION TO FRONTLINES DURING MONITORING

January 15, 2014 | 15:17

STEPANAKERT. – On January 15, in accordance with the arrangement
reached with the authorities of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, the OSCE
Mission conducted a planned monitoring of the Line of Contact between
the armed forces of Nagorno-Karabakh and Azerbaijan in the northern
direction of the Kuropatkino settlement of the NKR Martuni region.

>From the positions of the NKR Defense Army, the monitoring was
conducted by Field Assistants of the Personal Representative of the
OSCE Chairman-in-Office Khristo Khristov (Bulgaria) and Jiri Aberle
(Czech Republic), as well as by staff member of the Office Peter
Svedberg.

>From the opposite side, the monitoring was conducted by
Field Assistants of the Personal Representative of the OSCE
Chairman-in-Office Yevgeny Sharov (Ukraine) and William Pryor
(Great Britain).

The monitoring passed in accordance with the agreed schedule. No
violation of the cease-fire regime was registered. However, the
Azerbaijani side did not lead the OSCE mission to its front-lines.

>From the Karabakh side, the monitoring mission was accompanied by
representatives of the NKR Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Defense.

News from Armenia – NEWS.am