RFE/RL Armenian Report – 09/14/2017

                                        Thursday, 

Azeri Defense Chief Visits Israeli Arms Companies


 . Emil Danielyan


Azerbaijan - Azerbaijani Defense Minister Zakir Hasanov.

Azerbaijani Defense Minister Zakir Hasanov has visited the
headquarters of Israeli defense companies and met with their top
executives during an official visit to Israel, one of Azerbaijan's
main arms suppliers.

The visit comes in the wake of Israeli authorities' decision to halt
exports to Azerbaijan of "suicide" drones manufactured by an Israeli
company accused of attacking an Armenian army position with them
recently.

The Azerbaijani Defense Ministry said on Thursday that Hasanov
familiarized himself with weapons and ammunition manufactured by
"leading enterprises" of the Israeli defense industry. It did not name
those firms.

In a statement cited by Azerbaijani news agencies, the ministry said
Hasanov discussed with their chief executives "military-technical
cooperation" between the two countries. It did not elaborate.

Hasanov met with Israeli Defense Minister Avigdor Lieberman at the
start of his visit on Monday. Official Azerbaijani sources said the
two men discussed bilateral ties and "regional security." The Israeli
Defense Ministry issued no statements on the talks.

Lieberman, whose party is a junior partner in Israel's coalition
government, is a staunch backer of close ties with Baku. He has
repeatedly made pro-Azerbaijani statements on the Nagorno-Karabakh
conflict.


ISRAEL -- Israel's Defence Minister Avigdor Lieberman speaks during
the International Institute for Counter Terrorism's 17th annual
conference in Herzliya, September 11, 2017
An Israeli drone manufacturer, Aeronautics Defense Systems (ADS), said
late last month that the Israeli Defense Ministry's export control
agency has at least temporarily banned it from delivering a $20
million batch of Orbiter 1K unmanned aircraft to a key foreign
client. In a statement, ADS did not specify the buyer of the
sophisticated weapon carrying special explosive payload. But it did
attribute the ban to an ongoing inquiry conducted by the Israeli
agency.

The Israeli newspaper "Maariv" reported on August 13 that the agency
launched an investigation after receiving a formal complaint stemming
from ADS's commercial dealings with the Azerbaijani government. It
said ADS representatives traveled to Azerbaijan this summer to
finalize a contract for the sale of Orbiter drones to the Azerbaijani
military.

The paper claimed that two Israeli drone operators working for the
company rebuffed Azerbaijani officials' demand to demonstrate the use
of the deadly drone by hitting the Armenian position. But other, more
senior ADS executives agreed to launch the deadly craft on the target,
according to "Maariv." ADS denied the report.

According to Nagorno-Karabakh's Armenian-backed Defense Army, the
Azerbaijani military most recently attacked its frontline positions
with a suicide drone on July 7. The commander of an army unit
stationed in northeastern Karabakh said in early August that two of
his soldiers were lightly wounded in the incident.

Armenia's Deputy Defense Minister Davit Pakhchanian last week praised
the reported ban on drone sales to Baku but said Israel must be
"consistent" in preventing its citizens' direct involvement in
Azerbaijani military operations. Pakhchanian claimed that Israeli arms
dealers have repeatedly struck Armenian targets at the behest of
Azerbaijani officials.

The Azerbaijani army heavily used similar suicide drones manufactured
by another Israeli company, Israel Aerospace Industries, during the
April 2016 war in Karabakh. Baku had bought the Harop drones as well
as air-defense and artillery systems and anti-tank rockets as part of
multimillion-dollar defense contracts signed with Israeli firms.

Armenia has long expressed concern at the Israeli-Azerbaijani arms
deals, saying that they undermine international efforts to end the
Karabakh conflict.


Armenia - Armenian Foreign Minister Edward Nalbandian (R) and Israel's
Minister of Regional Cooperation Tzachi Hanegbi sign bilateral
agreements after talks in Yerevan, 25Jul2017.

The drone scandal was exposed by the Israeli paper more than two weeks
after Israeli Minister of Regional Cooperation Tzachi Hanegbi visited
Yerevan in an apparent bid to improve his country's frosty
relationship with Armenia. Hanegbi met with Prime Minister Karen
Karapetian and other senior Armenian officials.

In what may be a related development, a group of Israeli
parliamentarians arrived in the Armenian capital earlier this
week. They include two deputy speakers of the Knesset. One of them,
Tali Ploskov, chairs an Israel-Armenia parliamentary "friendship
group." Her Kulanu party is also represented in the Israeli
government.

The Israeli delegation met with Foreign Minister Edward Nalbandian on
Wednesday. The Armenian Foreign Ministry said the two sides "exchanged
views on a number of regional issues." It gave no details.



Sarkisian Should Extend His Rule, Says Ally


 . Ruzanna Stepanian


Armenia - Former parliament speaker Galust Sahakyan speaks to RFE/RL
in Yerevan, 14Sep2017.

President Serzh Sarkisian should stay in power after serving out his
second and final presidential term in April, a deputy chairman of his
Republican Party of Armenia (HHK) said on Thursday.

"He must continue to govern our country, there is no other person
[qualified for that role,]" Galust Sahakian told RFE/RL's Armenian
service (Azatutyun.am).

"Even during the rule of [former Presidents] Levon Ter-Petrosian and
Robert Kocharian there were people capable of being presidents," he
said. "We don't have such people [except Sarkisian] now."

Sahakian, who is a former speaker of the Armenian parliament, insisted
that this is the dominant view within the HHK. But he was careful not
to say that Sarkisian must necessarily extend his rule by becoming
prime minister in April 2018, when Armenia becomes a parliamentary
republic.

"I'm not saying yet that his candidacy must be nominated for the post
of prime minister," the veteran HHK figure went on. "What I'm saying
is that Serzh Sarkisian must keep directing all kinds of actions of
our country."

Sahakian also claimed in that regard that the Armenian parliament will
be more powerful than the prime minister under the parliamentary
system of government. "I think that the National Assembly, not an
individual, will be the strongest entity because the prime minister
can be changed once in every six or even three months," he said.

Sarkisian has still not clarified whether he plans to become prime
minister or stay in government in another capacity. He stated in July
that "it doesn't matter" who will be Armenia's prime minister after
the end of his decade-long presidency.

Sarkisian said in March that he would like to "play a role, in some
capacity, in ensuring the security of our people" after April 2018.



EU Envoy Cautious On `Political Prisoners' In Armenia


 . Artak Hambardzumian


Armenia - Piotr Switalski, the head of the EU Delegation in Armenia,
speaks at a news conference in Yerevan, 8May2017.

The head of the European Union Delegation in Yerevan, Piotr Switalski,
on Thursday declined to back claims by Armenian opposition and civil
society groups that there are political prisoners in Armenia.

Switalski said EU representatives regularly discuss with relevant
Armenian officials the fate of individuals who have been imprisoned on
what opposition and civic groups consider politically motivated
charges.

"I very much appreciate the fact that law-enforcement authorities
always find time to discuss such sensitive topics whenever we express
such a desire," he told reporters. "The European Union does not always
necessarily share the views of non-governmental organizations. On such
issues, we are mainly guided by decisions made by the European Court
of Human Rights."

"As you know, there are no people in Armenia who are qualified by [the
Strasbourg court] as political prisoners," stressed the envoy.

The individuals considered to be political prisoners by critics of the
Armenian government are mostly members or supporters of radical
opposition groups.

Switalski was also careful not to endorse the opposition Yelk
alliance's calls for Armenia to leave the Eurasian Economic Union
(EEU). "Armenia is a free country where everyone has the right to
express their views," he said. "We are following debates [on the Yelk
initiative] but it's totally up to Armenians."

Accordingly, he would not be drawn on implications of Armenia's
possible exit from the Russian-led bloc for its relations with the
EU. "As long as [Armenia's] decisions are not hostile to the European
Union I am happy with them," he said. "I see no unfriendly actions
taken by Armenia with regard to the EU in the past. We have no serious
disagreements with Armenia."

The EU and Armenia plan to deepen their relations through a
Comprehensive and Enhanced Partnership Agreement which is due to be
signed in November.



Opposition Bloc Wants Parliament Probe On Eurasian Union


 . Astghik Bedevian


Armenia - Mane Tandilian, a parliament deputy from the Yelk bloc,
speaks to RFE/RL in Yerevan, 14Sep2017.

The opposition Yelk alliance called on Thursday for a parliamentary
inquiry into consequences of Armenia's membership in the Russian-led
Eurasian Economic Union (EEU).

Representatives of the pro-Western bloc proposed the creation of the
ad hoc parliament commission after the pro-government majority in the
National Assembly rejected its demands for the country's exit from the
trade bloc.

Yelk put forward last week a draft parliamentary statement saying that
the Armenian authorities must embark on a "process" of invalidating
their accession treaty with the EEU. The statement says that EEU
membership, effective from January, 2015, has hurt the country's
economy and security.

Mane Tandilian, one of Yelk's nine deputies in the 105-member
parliament, said the parliament commission would scrutinize costs and
benefits of EEU membership and present them to the public.

"Public support is very important on this issue," she told RFE/RL's
Armenian service (Azatutyun.am). "The public was apathetic when we
jointed the EEU. The reason for that was that the public was not aware
of what we missed out on."

Tandilian referred to the Association Agreement with the European
Union which Yerevan negotiated shortly before President Serzh
Sarkisian opted in 2013 to join the Russian-led bloc instead.

"I don't think that economic growth in Armenia would have been faster
had we signed the Association Agreement," said Gagik Melikian, a
senior lawmaker from the ruling Republican Party of Armenia (HHK).

Still, Melikian said that the HHK's parliamentary faction will
consider the idea of setting up the parliamentary commission. He
expressed confidence that such an inquiry would only prove that
Armenia needs to be part of the EEU.

The HHK's junior coalition partner, the Armenian Revolutionary
Federation (Dashnaktsutyun), is also strongly opposed to Armenia's
exit from the bloc comprising Russia and four other former Soviet
republics. A Dashnaktsutyun leader, Armen Rustamian, claimed that the
Yelk initiative could actually jeopardize the upcoming signing of the
EU-Armenia Comprehensive and Enhanced Partnership Agreement (CEPA), a
less ambitious alternative to the Association Agreement.

Rustamian made clear at the same time that his party supports a public
debate on the issue. "And that debate will happen," he said.



Press Review



"Haykakan Zhamanak" says that while Prime Minister Karen Karapetian
was right to say this week that Armenia needs a "developed,
competitive and innovative economy" he is wrong to think that it can
be built without breaking up economic monopolies in the country. The
paper says that large-scale foreign investment will not flow into the
Armenian economy unless it is completely liberalized by the
government.

"Hraparak" says that the ruling Republican Party (HHK) did not
"appropriately" mark on Wednesday the first anniversary of
Karapetian's appointment as prime minister, which coincided with his
government's latest question-and-answer session in the
parliament. "The session showed that Karapetian's positions have
weakened so much that parliament speaker Ara Babloyan did not even try
to forcibly bring in his `troops,'" writes the paper. It says that
about half of the members of the HHK's parliament faction were not in
attendance.

"Zhoghovurd" claims that Karapetian and his aides say things have
improved significantly over the past year. The paper points to
Karapetian's Wednesday remark that Armenia has achieved this year the
best macroeconomic indicators in the region. "The failed authorities
would do anything for [political] shows," it says.

"Aravot" says that Russian President Vladimir Putin's "propaganda
machine" is trying to justify the Soviet "totalitarian system" and
deny mass repressions committed during the Communist era. "But this is
the Russian citizens' problem," editorializes the paper. "If they are
prepared to be brainwashed in this way let them take those baits. What
are we to do with that? We think that the Kremlin will be offended by
a Yerevan exhibition held in memory of victims of the Bolshevik
repressions." The paper wonders if the open-air exhibition was stopped
by the Armenian government for fear of Moscow's negative reaction.

(Tigran Avetisian)


Reprinted on ANN/Armenian News with permission from RFE/RL
Copyright (c) 2017 Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty, Inc.
1201 Connecticut Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20036.
www.rferl.org

BAKU: Defense Ministry on Armenian lies: ‘We do not comment on such primitive disinformation’

News.az, Azerbaijan
Sept 2 2017

Sat 06:06 GMT | 9:06 Local Time    

"With such disinformation Armenia's confusion agents can only deceive their Armenian public."

Armenian special services confusion agents have recently been engaged in spreading numerous fictional 'stories' or 'documents' with various content about Azerbaijani army through media outlets. In this respect, in response to News.Az's appeal, the Defense Ministry reported that they are informed about the next disinformation disseminated by Armenian media.

"We do not want to comment on such a primitive disinformation, a smeary lie that has nothing to do with the reality. With such disinformation Armenia's confusion agents can only deceive their Armenian public," the ministry says. 

News.Az

Sports: Another Armenian wrestler declared World Champion

Panorama, Armenia

Aug 23 2017

The representative of Armenia Maksim Manukyan became world champion in the 80kg category at the 2017 World Championships in Paris, France.

As the National Olympic Committee reported, in the final bout the Armenian athlete defeated Radik Kuliyev of Belarus, winning his first ever title of his career.

In the 66kg weight category another representative of Armenia Karen Aslanyan lost the fight for the bronze medal, conceding to Russia’s Artyom Surkov.

To recap, the Armenian team conquered two gold medals at the World Championships with Artur Aleksanyan and Maksim Manukyan becoming champions respectively in the 98kg and 80kg weight categories.

Sports: Armenia’s Maksim Manukyan Becomes World Wrestling Champ

Asbarez Armenian News

Aug 22 2017



Maksim Manukyan

PARIS—A day after Olympic gold medalist Artur Aleksanyan became the world wrestling champ in the 98kg category, his fellow team member Maksim Manukyan clenched the same title on Tuesday in the 80kg category during World Wrestling Championships in the French capital.

Manukyan competed against Belarus’s Radik Koulin and beat him with a score of 5:2.

Manukyan was born in 1987 and competed in the Rio Olympics last year.

BAKU: Armenia’s drift towards NATO and panic among Moscow Armenians

News.az, Azerbaijan

Aug 21 2017

Mon 11:13 GMT | 7:13 Local Time

The attitude towards Armenia's obvious drift towards NATO in the Armenian society and among the Armenian elite is different.

Pro-Western Armenians do not hide their enthusiasm with this fact and are waiting for the moment when Armenia finally "throws away" Russia and runs under the wing of a new "ally" – the US, in order to start a new stage of aggression against its neighbors. However, such prodigies are not shared by the pro-Armenian forces that settled in Moscow.

Obviously, if Armenia betrays Russia and finally surrenders to the US and NATO, the fate of the powerful Armenian lobby in Russia will be unenviable and their positions will shaken. Including the positions of "near-Armenian" figures, such as the editor-in-chief of Regnum news agency Modest Kolerov.

After all, Kolerov and others like him managed to create the image of "the great patriots of Russia" among the Russian public, and the illusion that Armenia is the 'surest ally of Russia'. But if Armenia betrays Russia, Kolerov won't be able to play the same game anymore.

It will also become clear that for many years Modest Kolerov, as well as all kinds of Baghdasaryans, Margaritas Simonyans and others like them, fooled the Russian society, made them support the regime, which eventually ended up betraying Russia and becoming the enemy of their country. In this case the representatives of Moscow Armenian lobby will also be suspected of betrayal, and, as a result, "the money flows" of Russian Armenians will be excommunicated. And their lives become more complicated – since no matter how naive the Russians are, they will hardly finance Armenian structures after Armenia joins the ranks of Russia's enemies.

Therefore, it was not accidental that the material of Sargis Artsruni entitled "Moscow incites Azerbaijan to a new war" recently published on the website of Armenia's pro-Western First Information expresses an extremely negative reaction on the attitude of the same Modest Kolerov to the rapprochement between Armenia and NATO which goes contrary to the aspirations of the pro-Western "First Information"  .

Sargis Artsruni writes: "In Moscow they can not accept the fact that Armenia took part in NATO military exercises held in Georgia. Even if this participation of Yerevan was agreed with Moscow, the situation changed drastically after the new US sanctions against Russia and against the backdrop of US Vice President Mike Pence's visit to Georgia. Several Russian publications openly question the loyalty of the Armenian authorities.

In an interview with the First Information, the editor-in-chief of the Regnum news agency, political analyst Modest Kolerov, who is known for his connections with the Kremlin, spoke rather harshly. "Armenia itself said that it has solidarity with NATO. And this solidarity takes place with the joint participation with Turkey and Azerbaijan. That's all. And if Armenia participates in such projects jointly with Turkey and Azerbaijan, it does not mean that it does not need a united military group with Russia. So, let Armenia call on NATO to reconcile it with Turkey and Azerbaijan, " Kolerov said.

In this case, Sargis Artsruni accuses Modest Kolerov of lies and fraudulent facts. In particular, he writes:

"Russian officials and experts have tactics to bring their message or even threat to the appropriate audience at all means – even resorting to obvious falsifications. For example, Kolerov obviously deceives readers, giving the impression that Azerbaijan participated in military exercises in Georgia. Or the political scientist creates a completely false picture that Moscow is allegedly occupied with the Armenian-Azerbaijani or Armenian-Turkish reconciliation processes, and this is when Moscow arms the parties to the Karabakh conflict, and the Russian military base deployed in Armenia is one of the obstacles to the probable Armenian-Turkish rapprochement. However, all these manipulations are trifles in comparison with tthe threat clearly voiced by Kolerov. "So, let Armenia call on NATO to reconcile it with Turkey and Azerbaijan," Kolerov said, diplomatically making it clear that Armenia will pay a high price for participation in NATO exercises.

The conclusion of the First Information is purely speculative. Sargis Artsruni believes that Moscow has found a "legitimate" basis for issuing carte blanche to Azerbaijan for a new war – it is supposedly the Armenian authorities' review of their foreign policy. In his opinion, Moscow makes it clear that if Armenia continues to cooperate with NATO, or even signs a new agreement with NATO, they will provoke Azerbaijan to a new war against Armenia – laying the blame on our "pro-Western" authorities.

But the fact is that the sale of arms to Azerbaijan and Russian-Azerbaijani defense cooperation which is absolutely legitimate and mutually beneficial and consistent with Russia's interests is just being presented by the supporters of betrayal of Russia by Armenia as a "proof" of the fact that 'Russia is not Armenia's friend'. And these theses are repeated again and again.

Thus, a split has emerged in the formerly monolithic international Armenian lobby. Russian Armenians began to realize that the betrayal of Russia by Armenia could touch them personally. And they frantically try to "slow down" the process in the present stage, when Armenia seems to continue to remain Russia's ally, while flirting with the West.

But such an"intermediate" state can not be preserved forever. Either here or there. And, judging by the latest trends, it is rather "there". Armenia's insidiousness as an ally and treacherous essence of the Yerevan regime will soon become apparent even to the most naive Russian patriots.

News.Az

The Voice Kids : Revivez la reprise magique de Withney Houston par Monica (VIDEO)

TF1, France

9 août 2017

Par Alexis Hache

Elle a ému les trois coachs en reprenant « I Have Nothing » de Withney Houston pour son pays d’origine, l’Arménie.

Savoir honorer et rendre hommage à ses racines, c’est important. Pour Monica, c’est du côté de l’Arménie qu’il faut regarder. La jeune fille de 13 ans chante depuis ses trois ans et chante surtout tout le temps ! Véritable autodidacte, elle est fan de Charles Aznavour, Arménien comme elle. « Je veux que mon pays soit fier de moi », confie-t-elle.
Fan des chanteuses à voix comme Céline Dion ou Lara Fabian, c’est vers le répertoire de Withney Houston que Monica s’est tournée pour tenter de convaincre les coachs. Sous les yeux de sa famille, elle remplit le contrat à la perfection. Plus la chanson avance, plus les coachs sont sous le charme. Grâce à une interprétation puissante et juste, Monica récolte facilement trois buzz et n’a plus qu’à choisir.

Pour prendre sa décision, alors que les trois coachs la veulent absolument dans leur équipe, Monica va suivre son cœur et choisir Patrick Fiori, premier des trois coachs à s’être retourné. « J’ai rarement entendu des voix comme la tienne », avoue-t-il d’ailleurs. Un choix approuvé par sa famille que la jeune fille confesse porter toujours « dans son cœur ». Du coup, les comptes sont à nouveau équilibrés. Chaque coach a désormais deux talents dans son équipe.


voir la vidéo

Inflation expected to continue growing in Armenia in 2nd H 2017 – Eurasian Development Bank

ArmBanks, Armenia

Aug 11 2017

Inflation expected to continue growing in Armenia in 2nd H 2017 – Eurasian Development Bank
11.08.2017 16:31

YEREVAN, August 11. /ARKA/. Inflation rate is expected to continue rising in Armenia in the second half of 2017 in absence of inside and outside shocks, economists at the Eurasian Development Bank say in their quarterly macroeconomic report.

They say that the deflation influence of domestic demand will gradually be weakening as economic activity will be recovering, and this will allow inflation to come close to the lower board line of the projected brackets in 2017 and will remain on the projected level in the medium term.

The authors of the report say that the impact of the conservative fiscal policy that curbs price rise will remain in 2017, but in the medium term, likely positive impact of fiscal consolidation on confidence in the policy and inflow of investments into Armenia’s economy will lead to neutralization of the deflation effect.

Armenia has ended the year 2016 with 1.4% inflation. Deflation in the country has been recorded throughout seven months of 2016, and only in September process rose 0.1%.

According to statistical reports, inflation in Armenia was recorded at 0.5% in Jan-June 2017, compared with the same period a year before.

In June 2017, compared with June 2016, it stood at 1.1%.

In the government budget for 2017, inflation is projected at 4% (±1.5%) and GDP growth at 3.2%. M.V.-0—-

Food: Creating a New Armenia in the Kitchen

Link TV

Aug 2 2017

When I eat my mother’s or my grandmother’s dolmades, I slip into a fugue-like state. Like nostalgia and homesickness, I long to smell the stewing onion and grape leaves. I recall Proust and his description of “those squat, plump little cakes called ‘petites madeleines,’” because the sensation is so singular that I cannot liken it to much else. “But when from a long-distant path,” writes Proust in "In Search of Lost Time," “nothing subsists, after the people are dead, after the things are broken and scattered, taste and smell alone, more fragile but more enduring, more unsubstantial, more persistent, more faithful, remain poised a long time, like souls, remembering, waiting, hoping, amid the ruins of all the rest; and bear unflinchingly, in the tiny and almost impalpable drop of their essence, the vast structure of recollection.”

The author's mother, aunt and grandparents in Yerevan in the 1970s | Courtesy of the author

Like Proust, I too can “hear the echo of great spaces traversed.” I can hear my nene’s shuffling feet on linoleum and enter into a vortex of remembrance (for my childhood) and imagination (for the past that belongs to my ancestry). And by virtue of my nene, it is a past that I have inherited. The one in which 1.5 million Christian Armenians were systematically exterminated during the twilight of the Ottoman Empire by government decree. Our people wanted reform and freedom — basic civil liberties. Instead, they were given two menacing architects (Minister of War Enver Pasha and Minister of Interior Talaat Pasha) of a policy in which Armenians were to be deported from a land that they had spent centuries cultivating. Under the Tehcir Law, the Ottoman Government and the military were effectively given permission to wantonly slaughter. The Armenian Question, for so long debated amongst diplomatic circles, was to be eliminated.

Author's great grandfather in front of his watch shop in Baalbek Lebanon 1920s | Courtesy of the author

When I close my eyes I see them all standing before me with their brown hair and their big brown eyes. I see my great-great aunts running away from me and throwing themselves into the Euphrates river. My great-great grandfathers bloodied and lifeless in the once bustling streets rife with Armenian intelligentsia, children and clergymen. My great-grandfather, muddied and hungry, hiding in horse stables. My great-great uncle riding valiantly through that forever night with the taste of revenge on his tongue.  

Food, like art, conjures up narratives. In some cases, it even serves as a path to salvation. I have always regarded a country’s relationship with food to be reflective of their culture. I, of course, am not the only one. Professions are dedicated to this very act and I now find that my yearning for dolmades (stuffed grape leaves) and basturma (cured dried meat) and lahmajoun (Armenian pizza topped with minced meat) stems from a place that is as primordial as it is psychological. Though I am certainly biased in believing that my family is responsible for some of the finest cuisine that food can yield, I am one of many Armenians who believe that food and the performance of putting together such meals is almost a form of benign protest. Especially for those of us who cannot speak the language. It is as significant as the connective tissue that holds organs in place and weds muscle to bone. It is our way of showing that we have not been defeated.

Though nearly three quarters of the Armenian Christian population were savagely taken from us during the massacres that began in 1915, we are still here to perpetuate what some refer to as “the mythical story of genocide.” The one that ambassadors and missionaries and survivors attested to. The one that has become the defining trait and cause of my people, still one-hundred years on and probably forevermore. One cannot simply forget. The myth is, in fact, reality.

Marking the 100th Anniversary of Armenian Genocide Amid Ongoing Turkish Denial

I spent the first twenty-two years of my life in Los Angeles, which harbors the second largest Armenian diaspora community in the world, contending with this reality. For many years, my mother coerced me into standing beside her while she made the meals my nene taught her to make, but I was not happy about it. In my puerile mind, I wanted to rebel against the domestication of women. I was saying, in so many words, that intellect trumps housework. I would not be subjugated. I would not be relegated to the kitchen like my mother and so many other women were. I was profoundly ill-informed. And while I spent countless afternoons accompanying her to Karabagh Meat Market, Sarkis Pastry, and various cousins’ homes in Glendale and Little Armenia, I did so begrudgingly.

I, of course, regard it wistfully now. While Mom and Nene would banter in Armenian with the staff at Karabagh, I would wander, tan in hand, the tang of salt and yogurt in my mouth, and survey the sundry products with labels I was unable to understand. It is difficult to describe now, as I am no longer that child and cannot possibly delineate what kind of world she perceived, the strange, hidden places she would visit in her mind, but I can portray it in broad strokes. It possessed that illusory quality of a world within a world. A trapdoor to another life leaving me both intrigued and uncomfortable.

Upon returning home, Mom and Nene would place the contents of our bounty on the counter: the basturma, the babaganoush, the Armenian string cheese, the boereg (a phyllo dough pastry stuffed with cheese)  and all of the ingredients for the dolmades sitting like a still life of our little, against all odds family. I would watch them orchestrate this culinary feat in which chickpeas, basmati rice, tomato paste, dill, parsley, onion, salt and paprika would all coalesce in glossy grape leaves covered in brined solution. Fold, tuck, roll. Fold, tuck, roll. I would watch them, settled into the ease of the ritual, and if I was summoned, I would follow suit. We would then take the unfilled grape leaves and plaster them to the bottom of the pot with olive oil, stack the stuffed wonders into one giant heap on top of them, and submerge it all in water. By the time Dad came home from work, the house smelled of another ancient land. And he would smile a robust smile because that scent was home, vaporized and very much a part of him. All of us.

Lahmajoun | Larik Malasha / Istockphoto

If done correctly, the dolmades will not fall apart in your hands. They will remain firm, but when they make contact with your mouth, they will have no choice but to surrender. You will be able to easily tear through the grape leaf with your teeth and when you do, the aromatic dill will command your senses. The succulent rice and chickpeas will pleasingly coat your soft palate, the olive oil and brine binding it all together in a confluence of true harmony. Though there are no standout ingredients in this dish, once mixed together and swaddled, the flavor they emit is not only special, but in my opinion, incomparable. Maybe, this is just the “vast structure of recollection” talking. 

Now, I crave to cook this food. Unpack it all. Pick it apart morsel by morsel. Reverse engineer until I understand it by its component parts. Like the pieces of our history. Our diaspora.

In attempting to understand my newfound interest in food as vessel, I think of Swiss-born British author Alain de Botton who, in a Guardian article, was quoted saying that what bothers him is that “there is so much emphasis on food, rather than gathering and meeting.” There is also reference to “an almost universal lack of venues that help us to transform strangers into friends,” and it is that venue, however makeshift it may be, the kitchen being the most pronounced of its kind, that I find and inhabit whenever I am in the presence of other Armenians.

A cab, a gas station, a bakery, a bar: these are the spaces of the “New Armenia” that Pulitzer-prize winning writer William Saroyan addresses when he writes about the resilience of the Armenian people. “Go ahead, destroy Armenia,” he writes, “See if you can do it. Send them into the desert without bread or water. Burn their homes and churches. Then see if they will not laugh, sing and pray again. For when two of them meet anywhere in the world, see if they will not create a New Armenia."

Nene's Dolmades

INGREDIENTS

1 cup basmati rice
2 small onions (finely chopped)
1 tablespoon tomato paste
1 jar of grape leaves
Salt and pepper to taste
Juice from one half of a lemon
Half bunch of parsley (finely chopped)
Half bunch of dill (finely chopped)
Half of a can of chickpeas (optional)
Olive oil
1 jalapeño pepper (finely chopped) or dusting of cayenne

INSTRUCTIONS

1. Finely chop the two small onions and sauté with olive oil until translucent over medium heat. At this time, you can also add the finely chopped jalapeño.

2. Add the washed basmati rice and thoroughly mix the grain with the onion, adding a half cup of water.

3. Once the water has evaporated, or after approximately 10 minutes, take the mix off the heat and transfer it all to a large bowl.

4. Add the tomato paste, lemon, salt, pepper, parsley, dill, and chickpeas.

5. Mix thoroughly.

6. Use a large cutting board or flat surface of your choice to lay the grape leaves on for stuffing.

7. Place one teaspoon of the mix into the center of the grape leaf and fold the edges of the leaf over the mix. Roll each into a cigar-like shape.

8. Place a few grape leaves on the bottom of a pan and stack your stuffed grape leaves on top. Add water in order to cover it all, but do not submerge them completely. If you want an added richness, you can add olive oil and beef stock to the water. Then place a sturdy dinner plate directly on top of the heap before placing the pot’s lid on top of it all.

9. Twenty minutes in, check on your stuffed wonders. If the rice is thoroughly cooked, they’re ready to be served. 

Top Image: Dolmades | Junkii | Flickr | CC 2.0


Israeli Minister in Armenia: Damage Control or Something More?

EurasiaNet.org

Aug 1 2017
Tsachi Hanegbi, Israel's Minister for Regional Cooperation, meets Armenian Prime Minister Karen Karapetyan during a visit to Armenia, the first by a senior Israeli official since 2012. (photo: gov.am)

Armenia-Israeli relations have been somewhat distant by the latter's strong ties with Yerevan's two biggest foes, Azerbaijan and Turkey. But a senior Israeli official has visited Yerevan amid signs that the politics of the Caucasus in Jerusalem may be shifting.

Tsachi Hanegbi, Israel's Minister for Regional Cooperation, visited Armenia on July 25-26, for talks with senior Armenian officials. Hanegbi is a key figure in prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s ruling Likud party and has held various ministerial positions for the past two decades. Hanegbi said that his visit was intended as a “breakthrough” in relations to make Armenia-Israeli “friendship mutually beneficial in many fields.” It was the first visit by a senior Israeli official to Armenia since 2012.

Relations with Israel have remained distant since Armenia gained independence in 1991, as Jerusalem has prioritized its ties to Turkey and, more recently, Azerbaijan. As early as the 1990s, pro-Israel groups in Washington aided Turkish and Azerbaijani governments in lobbying battles with the Armenian American community, just as Ankara and Baku reached out to Israel for security cooperation. And although Israeli-Turkish relations have soured somewhat under the rule of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Azerbaijan has become the main supplier of crude oil to Israel and has spent billions on Israeli weaponry.

Israeli-supplied arms played a critical role in last year's “April war” between Armenia and Azerbaijan. After Azerbaijan took several frontline posts in a surprise attack on April 2, 2016, Armenian forces undertook a counteroffensive two days later. But Israeli-supplied Harop suicide drones and Spike anti-tank missiles helped Azerbaijani forces thwart that counterattack. As it happened, an Israeli parliamentary delegation was in Yerevan that same day. Knesset deputy speaker Tali Ploskov, who headed the delegation, reportedly “strongly condemned” the Azerbaijani attack in Karabakh and called for return to the ceasefire.

In subsequent days, Armenian ambassador Armen Melkonyan delivered a formal protest to Israel over the weapons. Another Knesset member, Zehava Gal-On from the opposition Meretz party, called for a halt to Israeli weapons sales to Azerbaijan. Gal-On also claimed that a key proponent of relations with Azerbaijani, current defense minister Avigdor Lieberman, acted as a “foreign agent” on Baku’s behalf and benefited financially from the relationship.

While Israeli leftists, particularly the late Meretz leader Yossi Sarid, have long sympathized with Armenians, centrist and right-wing politicians have been more distant. That has been changing somewhat. Since 2013, the speaker of the Knesset has been Likud’s Yuli Edelstein, who supports recognition of the Armenian genocide. Since 2015, Ze’ev Elkin, who also supported Armenian issues in the Knesset, has emerged as a key figure in the Netanyahu cabinet. In April of that year, the Likud delegated Knesset member Anat Berko to events marking the genocide centenary in Yerevan. And this year, a controversial right-wing figure Avigdor Eskin, who had previously been sympathetic to Azerbaijan, made a surprise visit to Nagorno Karabakh.

Hanegbi also has been a key Israeli interlocutor in contacts with Azerbaijan, meeting Azerbaijan’s deputy foreign minister and a delegation of parliament members on their visits to Israel last year. While in Yerevan he refused to answer questions about weapons sales to Azerbaijan, saying that his “trip is concentrated on positive sides of enhancing the relationship between our countries.”

It remains to be seen if Israel is in fact seeking to strike a more balanced relationship with Armenia or if the talks were merely damage control. According to the Armenian government’s press release, in a meeting with Hanegbi Prime Minister Karen Karapetyan identified information technology, agriculture, healthcare and science as areas where Armenia was eager to study Israel’s experience and find areas of cooperation.

Following Hanegbi’s meeting with foreign minister Eduard Nalbandyan, the latter’s deputy Shavarsh Kocharyan said that “real steps” were being taken to establish closer ties. Asked about Israel’s weapons sales to Azerbaijan, Kocharyan suggested that Israel was ready to sell weapons to Armenia as well.

The YerevaNN algorithm of artificial intelligence

MediaMax, Armenia

Marie Taryan
Members of YerevaNN lab
Mathematics is the driving force of love, justice, and progress. Mediamax and VOLO launch a joint project, MathArt. It will tell about the talents developing Mathematics in Armenia, and their work.

Mathematics is of key value in the modern world and we hope that MathArt will help attract Armenian youngsters into that particular science.

Thanks to artificial intelligence (AI) it’s possible to predict the mortality risk 48 hours after the patient’s admission to the ICU. At first glance it seems like a scenario of a sci-fi movie, whereas there are a lot of scientific research labs working on it in the world, including the YerevaNN research lab.

YerevaNN: bringing minds together over machine learning

YerevaNN scientific educational lab was founded in 2016 by a post-graduate student of the Faculty of Informatics and Applied Mathematics of the Yerevan State University Hrant Khachatryan. Initially he was more interested in informatics but after a while his focus shifted to mathematics, and years later the idea of YerevaNN research lab was born. The lab aims to promote machine learning research in Armenia.

“While studying at the University we saw that the students were interested in artificial intelligence, however this discipline was not being taught. We realized that we needed a new platform where the students would be able to explore it professionally,” the head of the lab Hrant Khachatryan says adding that from time to time 4 members of YerevaNN meet with students and conduct lectures. 

To fund the lab they have set up a foundation whose board members are: the cofounder of Teamable Vazgen Hakobjanyan, the founder of Fimetech Gor Vardanyan and the founder of Arminova Technologies Rouben Meschyan. YerevaNN is a non-profit foundation funded by private donations and research grants, with the aim to cooperate with other scientific centers.

Deep learning algorithms: global examples

Machine learning, for example machine translation, is widely used in the world.

“We input a lot of sentences which have been translated beforehand by professional translators, and based on these examples machine learning algorithms can “learn” the patterns and use them for other sentences. The quality largely depends on the number of examples input in the program. In particular, the low quality of English-Armenian automatic machine translation programs is mainly conditioned by the small number of translated examples,” says Hrant Khachatryan.

In recent years the sphere of machine learning has rapidly developed due to deep learning algorithms, which have come to solve a lot of complex problems in last 5 years.

Today, through deep learning Facebook automatically recognizes people’s faces and images on photos. Blind users use it to “hear” images on pictures. Through deep learning Tesla cars are able to drive safely and avoid accidents.

Machine learning and healthcare

One of the most important directions in machine learning is the sphere of healthcare. According to Hrant Khachatryan, there are a lot of medical problems that can be successfully solved through machine learning methods. It helps researchers analyze medical data to treat diseases, for example, identify a tumor on a tomogram, make prognosis based on patients’ data.

The main obstacle for using machine learning in healthcare is data inaccessibility. According to Hrant, all large medical institutions have large databases about their patients but researchers don’t have access to them. Data can be obtained under a special contract only, but machine learning becomes a success when the database is accessible to different scientific laboratories.

YerevaNN’s first fruits: mortality prediction

YerevaNN lab currently cooperates with the University of South California on the basis of MIMIC-III dataset of Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It comprises deidentified health data associated with over 40,000 critical care patients and includes demographics, vital signs, laboratory tests, medications, and more.
 
“Our goal is to outline a number of problems based on this huge database which is very important for doctors and hospitals, as well as create benchmarks, i.e. set clear-cut criteria to evaluate the solution of mentioned problems. Thus, various researchers will be able to work using the same criteria and process the results of other researchers,” Hrant Khachatryan says.

Currently, YerevaNN is focused on building a multitask learning benchmark dataset that includes four key inpatient clinical prediction tasks that map onto core machine learning problems: 

1. Mortality prediction 48 hours after the patient’s admission to ICU.

2. Mortality risk prediction once in an hour (48 hours after the patient’s admission to ICU).

3. Forecasting the length of stay in the ICU once in an hour; this is very important for the hospital in terms of their resources.

4. Predicting diagnosis based on ICU data – body temperature, blood pressure, blood tests – (25 diseases are outlined).

Using YerevaNN’s program every researcher can single out data necessary for these 4 problems from the MIMIC III database and try out different algorithms.

“Besides this program, we have also created algorithms based on deep learning methods to solve all these problems with some level of accuracy. In particular, we have reached high-level accuracy in terms of mortality prediction based on 48-hour data and diagnosis of several diseases. Models predicting the length of stay in the ICU do not work so well.  We expect other researchers to create their algorithms within a couple of months and compare them with our models,” he says.

Members of YerevaNN lab

Photo: Mediamax

According to Hrant, jointly learning multiple tasks on the same time series data helps to improve prediction accuracy as compared to the single task baselines. Solving one problem seems to help solving the others. GoogleBrain researchers demonstrated that the quality of the English-German translation program increases when, besides translating, it also learns to make the grammatical analysis of the sentence. The lab has tried to do the same with clinical data.

“Most of the work has been carried out by the member of YerevaNN, post-graduate student of YSU Faculty of Informatics and Applied Mathematics Hrayr Khachatryan. He has developed a model based on deep learning which simultaneously learns to solve all 4 set problems. It turned out that this “multi-task” mechanism better solves the mortality prediction problem than the programs based on mortality prediction only,” says Hrant Khachatryan.

Members of YerevaNN lab

Photo: Mediamax

The initial version of the article describing this work, co-authored by researchers from the University of South California David Kale and Aram Galstyan, is available at arxiv.org.

“We have informed various researchers focusing on machine learning in healthcare about our work. The feedback has been positive so far. Everyone agrees that such benchmarks in healthcare have been needed and a long time coming,” says Hrant Khachatryan.

The Armenian future of artificial intelligence   

As Hrant Khachatryan says, machine learning is a rapidly developing sphere. The scientific world has always been interested in creating intelligence, trying to find out how the human brain works, whether it’s possible to have the same in the computer. The economic factor should be also considered. Various industrial companies, different sectors of the economy, such as internet giants, benefit from this sector. They are quickly making use of all the possibilities. These technologies are gradually spreading to other sectors as well, such as healthcare, agriculture, robotics, finance and military. There is a huge global demand for professionals interested in machine learning and Armenia has a big potential to provide them.

VOLO is the general partner of the project