Le nationalisme turc prospere a Trabzon

Le Figaro, France
31 janvier 2007

Le nationalisme turc prospère à Trabzon

Trabzon LAURE MARCHAND

« COMPLOT », « La férocité arménienne », « Comment un pays est
englouti » … La devanture de la librairie est un catalogue
d’ouvrages de propagande sur le « génocide » des Turcs par les
Arméniens, de romans policiers peuplés d’ennemis de la nation, de
récits à la gloire des soldats de l’Empire ottoman. Agglutinés devant
la vitrine, quatre adolescents se chamaillent pour exposer leur
analyse politique. « On ne peut pas reconnaître le génocide car les
Arméniens réclameraient de l’argent et des terres , lance Hasan, 14
ans. Des martyrs ont donné leur sang pour notre pays. » De sa voix
encore fluette, Ercan renchérit : « Moi, je crois que ce sont les
Arméniens qui ont tué ce journaliste pour faire accuser la Turquie.

» Ces propos de gamins de Trabzon, d’où est originaire Ogün Samast,
le meurtrier présumé du journaliste arménien Hrant Dink, récemment
assassiné à Istanbul, révèlent le climat régnant dans ce port de la
mer Noire gangrené par le chômage, la mafia, et réputé dans tout le
pays pour sa culture des armes à feu. Les idées libérales et
proeuropéennes débattues à Istanbul, par les « aristocrates » comme
on les appelle à Trabzon, sont perçues, dans ce fief
ultranationaliste, comme des attaques contre l’intégrité de la
patrie. C’est à Trabzon qu’en février 2006 un adolescent de 16 ans a
abattu le prêtre italien Andrea Santoro. C’est encore à Trabzon
qu’une foule a tenté de lyncher, à deux reprises l’an dernier, des
étudiants qui distribuaient des tracts sur les conditions de
détention de prisonniers d’extrême gauche. Un bruit avait couru la
ville : il s’agissait de « terroristes » kurdes qui avaient brûlé
un drapeau turc. Et en 2004, Yasin Hayal, aujourd’hui suspecté d’être
le mentor d’Ogün Samast, avait posé une bombe dans le Mc Donald’s de
la grande rue commerçante, pour protester contre l’intervention
américaine en Irak. Ogün Samast, 17 ans, habitait le quartier de
Pelitli, un ensemble d’immeubles gris – deux coiffeurs, trois cafés
et l’arrêt de minibus collectif – où s’entassent des paysans chassés
de leurs champs par la misère. Le muhtar, l’équivalent du maire, ne
répond pas aux intrus. Depuis dix jours, Pelitli a été pris d’assaut
par les médias turcs, et le faubourg, honteux, s’est refermé sur
lui-même. « Seul Dieu a le droit de reprendre une vie humaine, tout
le monde est sous le choc ici » , ose l’épicier. Mais derrière sa
rangée de bonbonnières, il ajoute : « Musulmans et non musulmans ne
doivent pas se heurter. Il faut faire attention de ne pas provoquer
nos sentiments nationalistes, ça peut entraîner des réactions. » La
milice des Loups gris À Pelitli, personne ne connaissait Hrant Dink.
Et personne n’a défilé, comme à Istanbul, en scandant « Nous sommes
tous des Arméniens ». « Ces gens-là, s’ils aimaient leur pays, ils
auraient dû brandir des drapeaux turcs », condamne un client. Mais
selon ce chômeur de 40 ans, les assassins de Hrant Dink ont armé le
gars de Pelitli « pour abattre Trabzon, rempart nationaliste. Les
forces extérieures cherchent à déstabiliser l’unité nationale ». Dans
cette région de la mer Noire que la chute du cours de la noisette a
encore un peu plus enfoncée dans la crise, les discours de l’extrême
droite imprègnent les esprits. Le MHP (Parti d’action nationaliste)
avec sa célèbre milice des Loups gris est ici chez lui. Des
organisations comme Nizami Alem (l’Ordre mondial) ou les foyers
Alperen recrutent sans difficulté parmi la jeunesse désoeuvrée. Ces
mouvements nationalistes et religieux sont rattachés au Parti islamo
nationaliste de la grande Union (BBP), né d’une scission du MHP. Le
BBP avait manifesté à Istanbul contre la visite du Pape à la
basilique Sainte-Sophie. Les diatribes contre les « missionnaires »
qui menaceraient l’identité islamique de la Turquie constituent une
de leurs antiennes préférées, comme celles accusant l’Occident ou le
complot des « Juifs » , des « Américains »… La porte du local du
BBP est close. Joint par téléphone, son président régional, Yasar
Cihan, concède connaître Erhan Tuncel et Yasin Hayal, deux des
suspects arrêtés dans l’enquête sur la mort de Hrant Dink. Mais ces
deux jeunes, « respectueux » assure-t-il, « ne venaient plus au
parti depuis deux ou trois ans. Ils étaient plus radicaux que le BBP
». Leurs noms apparaîtraient également dans l’assassinat du père
Santoro. Et selon le quotidien Sabah, Erhan Tuncel, étudiant, était à
la fois garde du corps du dirigeant national du BBP et informateur de
la police de Trabzon. « Si l’enquête sur la mort du curé avait été
faite correctement, on n’en serait pas là », soupire Gürsel Gençsoy,
adjoint au maire de Trabzon. À la branche locale de l’Association des
droits de l’homme de Turquie (IHD), on accuse « les politiques du
coin qui font de la surenchère nationaliste et Trabzon qui sert de
base à l’État profond ». Cette expression désigne en Turquie une
alliance entre la mafia et une partie de la bureaucratie et des
militaires. Vendredi dernier, le gouverneur et le chef de la police
de Trabzon ont été mutés. Un cocktail détonnant Des Ogün Samast,
gamins élevés devant les séries télévisées où les mafieux sont des
héros, il y en a plein les rues à Trabzon. « Dans ces films, les
voyous sont des Robin des Bois, ce sont eux qui protègent le pays,
explique Hüseyin, qui tient le café de Pelitli. Ces garçons sans but,
ça leur monte à la tête, ils prennent ces types comme modèle. » «
C’est pas compliqué, nos jeunes passent leurs journées enfermés dans
le café Internet à s’abrutir sur des jeux vidéo , poursuit-il. Ils se
mettent en réseau, un camp fait les terroristes, l’autre, les
policiers . » Hüseyin, venait d’embaucher Ogun Samast, « pour lui
donner des repères, à la demande de sa mère inquiète ». Impossible
d’en savoir plus, interdiction d’approcher le groupe de jeunes. Ils
se sont rabattus vers le salon de thé depuis que les ordinateurs des
deux cafés Internet ont été emportés par les enquêteurs. « Nous
avons un vrai problème avec notre jeunesse qui cède aux sirènes
nationalistes , s’inquiète Ömer Altuntas, avocat et président local
de l’ÖDP, un petit parti de gauche. Avec le chômage et les armes à
feu, ça forme un cocktail détonant. »

EU supports the efforts of the OSCE Minsk Group

EU supports the efforts of the OSCE Minsk Group

ArmRadio.am
31.2007 17:43

The European Union intends to support the efforts of the OSCE Minsk
Group on the settlement of the Karabakh conflict, EU Special Envoy for
the South Caucasus Peter Semneby told Trend agency, commenting on the
statement of the French Co-Chair of the OSCE Minsk Group Bernard
Fassier that `the European Union should cooperate with the countries
in the framework of the European Neighborhood Policy and keep from
engaging in the resolution of the conflict.

Semneby repeated that `the Minsk Group engaged in the settlement of
the Karabakh conflict is the mechanism that exists today and the
European Union supports and will continue supporting its efforts.’

Azerbaijani Ambassador to Turkey Zakir Gashimov visited Kars

Azerbaijani Ambassador to Turkey Zakir Gashimov visited Kars

ArmRadio.am
31.01.2007 17:16

Azerbaijani Ambassador to Turkey Zakir Gashimov visited Kars, where he had
meetings with Governor Memet Ufuk Erden and Head of the self-governance body
Naif Elibeyoghlu, Trend was told at the Azerbaijani Embassy in Turkey. During
all the meetings the Ambassador informed his interlocutors about the Nagorno
Karabakh conflict. The Azerbaijani Ambassador convinced all his interlocutors
of the impossibility of opening the border with Armenia. During the talks an
agreement was reached to prevent the raising of the memorial dedicated to the
friendship between Turkey and Armenia, the decision on which was adopted by
the self-governance body of Kars.

Turkish Deputy PM: Evil-Minded Slogans Voiced On Sports Grounds…

TURKISH DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER: EVIL-MINDED SLOGANS VOICED ON SPORTS GROUNDS
OPENLY FLOUT TURKEY’S UNITY

ANKARA, JANUARY 31, NOYAN TAPAN – ARMENIANS TODAY. The slogans and
placards opposed to expression of solidarity of Turks with Armenians
that followed Hrant Dink’s murder and have recently appeared at a
number of football stadiums are open violation of Turkey’s unity,
integrity and principle of country’s citizenship. Turkish Deputy
Prime Minister Mehmed Ali Shahin declared this.

The participants of actions of protest held after Agos newspaper’s
editor-in-chief Hrant Dink’s murder carried such slogans as "We all
are Hrants, we all are Armenians," to counteract to which Turkish
nationalistic circles had slogans "We all are Turks, we all are
Mustafa Kemals" during some of football games.

The Deputy Prime Minister called all responsible persons for
undertaking measures against spreading of evil-minded slogans and
placards.

According to Turkish Daily News, Shahin has sent a letter to the
Turkish Ministry of Internal Affairs and Turkish Footabll Federation
stressing that evil-minded slogans and placards "contradict the nature
of sport."

AAA: Armenian Assembly Urges President Bush to Honor Memory of Dink

Armenian Assembly of America
1140 19th Street, NW, Suite 600
Washington, DC 20036
Phone: 202-393-3434
Fax: 202-638-4904
Email: [email protected]
Web:

MEDIA ALERT
January 31, 2007
CONTACT: Karoon Panosyan
Email: [email protected]

Armenian Assembly Urges President Bush to Honor the Memory of Hrant Dink

Washington, DC – In a letter to President Bush last week, the Armenian
Assembly strongly condemned the assassination of Hrant Dink, and called
upon the Administration to urge Ankara to address the prevailing climate
of intolerance, prejudice and repression in the country, which
precipitated this crime. The letter from Board of Trustees Chairman
Hirair Hovnanian further stated that we must act to ensure that
minorities at risk in Turkey are afforded every protection. Hovnanian’s
letter also called upon the Administration to support a congressional
resolution honoring the memory of Hrant Dink and deploring his
assassination.

The Armenian Assembly is the largest Washington-based nationwide
organization promoting public understanding and awareness of Armenian
issues. It is a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt membership organization.

###

NR#2007-019

Below is the full text of the Assembly’s letter to President Bush.

January 26, 2007

President George W. Bush
The White House
Washington, DC

Dear Mr. President:

On behalf of the Armenian Assembly of America, I am writing to convey
our profound shock and grief for the brutal murder of Hrant Dink, the
courageous editor and human rights advocate assassinated in Istanbul,
Turkey on January 19, 2007. I also write to express our deepest concern
with Turkey’s continued failure to adopt standards and practices of both
domestic and international conduct that would reverse and overturn the
prevailing climate of intolerance, prejudice and repression in the
country, which precipitated this crime.

Mr. Dink was assassinated for his political and civic views, and for the
courage to express them openly. As a citizen and journalist, he
championed the cause of democracy and freedom in Turkey. As a prominent
member of Turkey’s Armenian community, he worked to build bridges
between the two peoples and the two neighboring countries of Armenia and
Turkey through tolerance, goodwill, and dialogue.

Mr. Dink’s murder was an attempt to intimidate and silence the growing
momentum in Turkey toward greater respect for human rights and freedoms.
One of 18 journalists killed in Turkey in the last several years, and
one of the dozen, including the 2006 Nobel Prize laureate in literature
Orhan Pamuk, to be charged and prosecuted under Article 301 of the
Turkish Penal Code restricting the freedom of expression, Mr. Dink was
serving a suspended sentence, and was fighting another legal battle in
the Court of Appeals for having spoken publicly about the Armenian
Genocide. He had received numerous threats and needed the protection of
his country’s authorities. He instead was stigmatized and prosecuted.

In your State of the Union addresses you have consistently placed great
emphasis on freedom. Hrant Dink embodied this ideal, which was violently
extinguished. We must act boldly in freedom’s cause and as you have
indicated "challenge the enemies of reform, confront the allies of
terror, and expect a higher standard from our friends." If the "advance
of freedom" is truly "the great story of our time" and America "will
lead the cause of freedom," then in line with this vision, we must take
action to ensure that minorities at risk in Turkey are afforded every
protection.

The murder of Hrant Dink challenges America and the rest of the
civilized world to stand up against political violence, and the
atmosphere that fosters it. Full and impartial investigation of this
crime will be important, but not sufficient. It must be followed by the
repeal of Article 301 from Turkey’s Penal Code, and a good faith effort
by the Turkish state toward full compliance with its obligations under
the EU negotiating framework, as regards human rights, civil liberties,
respect for minorities, and ethnic and religious tolerance. For Turkey’s
Armenian minority, the neighboring Republic of Armenia, and Armenians
worldwide, this also entails Turkey’s acknowledgement of the Armenian
Genocide and redress of its consequences. Extending full diplomatic
relations and opening the border with Armenia would be the right steps
in that direction.

We call upon your Administration to bring its leadership, weight and
authority to urge Turkey’s compliance with these norms and commitments.

We also call upon you to support a Congressional resolution honoring the
memory of Hrant Dink and deploring his assassination.

Sincerely,

Hirair Hovnanian
Chairman
Board of Trustees

www.armenianassembly.org

BSEC Diplomatic Academy Reps to meet in Belgrade 1/30 & 2/3

MEETING OF REPRESENTATIVES OF DIPLOMATIC ACADEMIES OF OBSEC
PARTICIPANT-COUNTRIES TO BE HELD IN BELGRADE JANUARY 30 AND 31

Yerevan, January 30. ArmInfo. A meeting of representatives of
diplomatic academies of countries, being part of the Organization of
Black Sea Economic Cooperation (OBSEC), will be held in Belgrade on
January 30 and 3. As the RIA "Novosti" reports with reference to the
Serbian FM, representatives of diplomatic academies of Albania,
Armenia, Bulgaria, Georgia, Greece, Moldova, Rumania, Russia, Serbia,
Turkey and Ukraine will take part in the meeting.

The issues of preparation of diplomatic personnel, as well as the
Memorandum on cooperation between the higher educational
establishments of Foreign Ministries will be discussed at the
meeting. Such a meeting within the frames of OBSEC is held for thee
first time. Its initiator is the Foreign Ministry of Serbia, country
which presides in this regional organization in the first half, 2007.

MG calls on Baku, Yerevan to search for trust building measures

Interfax News Agency
Russia & CIS General Newswire
January 29, 2007 Monday 4:22 PM MSK

Minsk Group calls on Baku, Yerevan to search for trust building
measures

The co-chairmen of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in
Europe’s (OSCE) Minsk Group have called on the leaders of Azerbaijan
and Armenia to search for measures which will build trust between the
two countries and help preserve the current ceasefire.

"Responsibility for searching for a sustainable and peaceful
resolution to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict lies with the Armenian
and Azeri presidents. The Minsk Group will assist them in this
cause," a statement by the co-chairmen distributed by the U.S.
Embassy in Baku on Monday says.

"The presidents may actively defend their national interests, but
only in a way that allows the peace process to continue," it says.

The co-chairmen call on the parties to the conflict, "to preserve the
results thus far achieved in the negotiations, while at the same time
preparing for compromise," it says.

Russia, France and the United States co-chair the Minsk Group.

ANKARA: Budget problem solved, eyes on Armenia

Today’s Zaman, Turkey
Jan 29 2007

Budget problem solved, eyes on Armenia

Concerning the Armenian claims of genocide, the historical positions
of the Turkey and Armenia, have not been examined together so far.
However, 92 countries and institutions have lent support to the
so-called Armenian Genocide under pressure from the Armenian
Diaspora.
Turkey?s offer to set up a joint commission, and mutually open their
archives for examination, were not welcomed. Armenia rejected both
proposals, stating that they have no budget to meet the expenses of a
possible examination of their archives. Turkish History Foundation
President Professor Yusuf Halaçoğlu is one of those who do not
accept such a reason. Taking a big risk, Halaçoğlu promised to
fund a possible examination of the Armenian archives as the Turkish
History Foundation. What Armenia will say to the budgetary offer is a
matter of curiosity.

Critics’ Forum Article – 1.27.07

Critics’ Forum

Music
Mosaic: A Celebration of Sound
By Tamar Salibian

It was with great anticipation that over 1,000 audience members
braved the chilly weather on January 14 to experience Mosaic: a
Celebration of Sound at the Alex Theater in Glendale, California.
Presented by the Hamazkayin cultural organization, Mosaic highlighted
talent from around the country and was hosted by Voki Kalfayan and
Lory Tatoulian.

Dressed as an eccentric immigrant couple, Kalfayan and Tatoulian
opened the three-hour program by meandering through the audience,
animatedly chatting with people and posing for photographs on stage.
The over-the-top antics proved entertaining, if quite predictable.
As Kalfayan and Tatoulian told stories of their ventures in the "old
country," they managed no less a feat than exhibiting their break
dancing skills, while offering everyone sweets and pastries from
Tatoulian’s massive handbag, which she carried around all evening.
Tatoulian was engaging, asking the crowd for the jezveh she’d lent to
a fictional neighbor before utilizing the length of the stage for her
dance sequences, all with a deadpan facial expression. Kalfayan’s
earnestness proved a good match to Tatoulian’s larger-than-life
persona, helping the duo present their own take on the ups and downs
of immigrant life.

The highlight of the program was an impassioned set by a capella trio
Zulal. Paying tribute to the village life of an Armenia long gone,
Teni Apelian, Yeraz Markarian and Anaïs Tekerian proved the most
engaging act of the evening. The trio captivated the audience with
playful and informative explanations of the traditional Armenian folk
songs in their set. The performance itself was highlighted by
intricate, playful arrangements and perfectly choreographed dance
steps, all accompanied by the trio’s clear and lush voices. Most
enjoyable was Zulal’s performance of Ghapama, which the trio
performed with charm, wit and passion.

Also noteworthy was opening act Tallulah Sound Experiment, an
ensemble of self-proclaimed "scientists" who cite a wide variety of
musicians, from Radiohead to The Red Hot Chili Peppers, as sources of
inspiration. Lead singer Soseh Keshishyan’s near-perfect pitch,
accompanied by the band’s eclectic and fiery sound, generated an
infectious energy most evident in the group’s final piece, LaDaDa.

K’noup, the lead singer of Visa, also managed to impress the audience
with the distinct intonation and texture of his voice, going so far
as to pepper his lyrics with chants of "I love Glendale!" The
energetic performances of percussionist Danny Shamoun and drummer
Hiram Rosario helped lend a unity and coherence to the performance of
the 8-member group.

Touted as the "concert of the year" in numerous invitations and
advertisements, Mosaic promised a night to remember for both
Armenians and non-Armenians alike. The evening generally managed to
live up to its billing, creating a veritable "mosaic," a tapestry of
sorts with a number of standout performances. And yet, while each
musical act brought an eclectic element to the stage, the thread that
tied the various acts together – apart from the fact that they were
performed largely by Armenian individuals – was difficult to see.
Finding an underlying theme or unifying force for the evening,
therefore, proved somewhat elusive. The end-result was an uneven
program that failed to provide much insight into its acts or engage
the audience beyond the performances’ immediate entertainment value.
It would have been wonderful, for instance, to have incorporated more
commentary on the different performances, as the members of Zulal
did. It would also be interesting to find out how many non-Armenians
heard about the event and, more importantly, whether any were
actually there on the 14th.

All Rights Reserved: Critics Forum, 2007

Tamar Salibian is a filmmaker and writer living in Los Angeles. She
has written for AIM magazine. Her latest film, "Beautiful Armenians,"
was released in 2006.

You can reach her or any of the other contributors to Critics’ Forum
at [email protected]. This and all other articles published
in this series are available online at To sign
up for a weekly electronic version of new articles, go to
Critics’ Forum is a group created to
discuss issues relating to Armenian art and culture in the Diaspora.

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Armenia is not nervous for Azerbaijan’s active arming

Armenia is not nervous for Azerbaijan’s active arming

PanARMENIAN.Net
25.01.2007 18:37 GMT+04:00

/PanARMENIAN.Net/ Armenia is not nervous for Azerbaijan’s active
arming, stated Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of
Armenia colonel-general Mikayel Harutyunyan. In his words, Azerbaijan
must keep to the quotas on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty.

"Azerbaijan himself decides what armament it wants to have. The
main thing is that very armament must be within the framework of the
quotas. As to the situation on the contact line of NKR army with Azeri
armed forces, as well as the Armenian-Azeri border, everything is
relatively calm. There is no significant tension there," Harutyunyan
underscored.