It Is Impossible To Clearly Say Who French Armenians Will Vote For –

IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO CLEARLY SAY WHO FRENCH ARMENIANS WILL VOTE FOR – HILDA TCHOBOIAN

news.am
February 21, 2012 | 06:50

PARIS. – It is impossible to unequivocally say who France’s Armenian
community will choose in the upcoming presidential elections in
the country, Rhône-Alpes regional MP Hilda Tchoboian told Armenian
News-NEWS.am.

“The Armenian community, just like the French, already has
predetermined candidates. And there is a very small segment which
is uncertain, and it could vote according to its mood on the last
day. It is impossible to give percentages,” the French Armenian
politician noted.

In her view, an opinion was formed, after the bill that criminalizes
the denial of genocides-including the Armenian Genocide-, that the
French Armenian community’s votes would go to President Nicolas
Sarkozy, if the latter is able to carry out the bill. “This is not
serious, since the Armenian community-whether right or left-already
has a clear position,” Tchoboian argued.

“There are Armenians who will vote for Sarkozy for a given reason. If
the bill is passed and Sarkozy is able to ratify the law, the
community’s uncertain segment could vote in his favor, [and thus]
will add to those who [already] will vote for him,” Hilda Tchoboian
concluded.

Margar Ohanyan: "I Am Not A Lamb For You To Sacrifice"

MARGAR OHANYAN: “I AM NOT A LAMB FOR YOU TO SACRIFICE”

19:44 . 20/02

“I am not a lamb for you to sacrifice, find material evidence, then
find guilty. I don’t plead guilty, this is an intentional step,
a terror, against me” former head of traffic police Margar Ohanyan
said at the court today.

Giving evidence during the trial at court today, he conditioned the
intention against him with the ties he has with former chief of police
Alik Sargsyan.

“There have been disagreements with Alik Sargsyan connected with
personnel appointments, as well as personal matters, and in the result
of all this a criminal action was brought against me” Margar Ohanyan
has said and added that the chiefs of police staff urged him to go
and beg the chief of police to forgive me, but I don’t know for what.”

According to Margar Ohanyan, he has no connection with the petrol
cheques: about 25 000 cars were found in the republic which got
petrol with traffic police cheques, but they weren’t traffic police
cars. And he has compensated for the loss considering it a matter of
dignity and honour. He spoke about his former colleague Ara Levonyan,
who was accused with him in the petrol embezzlement case. The latter
had said Ohanyan had told him that he was giving the embezzled petrol
cheques to the superiors.

“Who is Ara Levonyan for me to give an account to him what I am doing.

This is slander, a lie, no such a thing has happened,” the former
traffic police head has said.

According to Margar Ohanyan, the evidence given by Levonyan and
the other defendants are contradictory, since they wrote the truth
at first, then pressure was exercised on them and they changed the
evidence, “They have said if they detained Margar, who are you for
them not to be able to detain? Write and finalise it…”

The next court session is scheduled on February 24, during which the
documents available in the case will be examined.

Margar Ohanyan: “I am not a lamb for you to sacrifice”

“I am not a lamb for you to sacrifice, find material evidence, then
find guilty. I don’t plead guilty, this is an intentional step,
a terror, against me” former head of traffic police Margar Ohanyan
said at the court today.

Giving evidence during the trial at court today, he conditioned the
intention against him with the ties he has with former chief of police
Alik Sargsyan.

“There have been disagreements with Alik Sargsyan connected with
personnel appointments, as well as personal matters, and in the result
of all this a criminal action was brought against me” Margar Ohanyan
has said and added that the chiefs of police staff urged him to go
and beg the chief of police to forgive me, but I don’t know for what.”

According to Margar Ohanyan, he has no connection with the petrol
cheques: about 25 000 cars were found in the republic which got
petrol with traffic police cheques, but they weren’t traffic police
cars. And he has compensated for the loss considering it a matter of
dignity and honour. He spoke about his former colleague Ara Levonyan,
who was accused with him in the petrol embezzlement case. The latter
had said Ohanyan had told him that he was giving the embezzled petrol
cheques to the superiors.

“Who is Ara Levonyan for me to give an account to him what I am doing.

This is slander, a lie, no such a thing has happened,” the former
traffic police head has said.

According to Margar Ohanyan, the evidence given by Levonyan and
the other defendants are contradictory, since they wrote the truth
at first, then pressure was exercised on them and they changed the
evidence, “They have said if they detained Margar, who are you for
them not to be able to detain? Write and finalise it…”

The next court session is scheduled on February 24, during which the
documents available in the case will be examined.

http://www.yerkirmedia.am/?act=news&lan=en&id=5395

La Cooperation Israelo-Chypriote Irrite Ankara

LA COOPERATION ISRAELO-CHYPRIOTE IRRITE ANKARA
Gari

armenews.com
mardi 21 fevrier 2012

Le premier minister israelien Benjamin Netanyahou a effectue une
visite officielle a Chypre le jeudi 16 fevrier en vue de renforcer la
cooperation energetique avec les autorites de la partie grecque de
l’île, au large de laquelle de vastes gisements de gaz naturel sont
en voie de prospection, comme d’ailleurs dans les eaux territoriales
israeliennes.

Les autorites chypriotes, au grand dam des Chypriotes turcs et de leurs
protecteurs turcs, ont lance une deuxième operation d’exploration des
eaux insulaires, en vue d’effectuer des recherches plus approfondies
sur les gisements offshore. M. Netanyahou est le premier chef de
gouvernement israelien a se rendre a Chypre, dans un contexte pour
le moins tendu des relations entre la Turquie et l’Etat hebreu. Le
soudain rechauffement des relations entre Israël et Chypre doit
d’ailleurs autant aux projets de cooperation dans l’exploitation des
gisements de gaz prometteurs sous leurs eaux territoriales qu’a la
degradation de leurs relations avec la Turquie. Si les relations entre
la Turquie et Chypre n’ont certes jamais ete vraiment cordiales depuis
l’intervention militaire turque de 1974 au nord de l’île erigee en ”
Republique turque du Nord de Chypre ” protegee et reconnue par la seule
Turquie, elles se sont degradees en l’absence de toute progression
dans le processus de negociations entre la partie grecque, membre
de l’UE et la partie turque. Quant aux relations entre la Turquie
et Israël, jadis cordiales, elles n’ont cesse de se degrader depuis
l’offensive israelienne de 2009 sur Gaza et surtout depuis l’attaque
d’un commando israelien le 31 mai 2010 contre une flottille humanitaire
pour Gaza qui avait coûte la vie a neuf ressortissants turcs ; le
refus persistant d’Israël de presenter ses excuses officielles pour
cette attaque avaient provoque une serie de mesures de retorsion
turques en septembre 2011.

Le cabinet de M. Netanyahou a fait savoir que sa visite d’une journee
a Chypre “visait a renforcer des relations deja etroites entre les
deux nations”. ” C’est une relation tout a fait naturelle pour ce qui
nous concerne”, a declare M. Netanyahou au debut de sa rencontre avec
le president chypriote Demetris Christofias.

Le porte-parole du gouvernement grec chypriote Stefanos Stefanou a
declare pour sa part a la presse avant cette rencontre que la visite du
premier ministre israelien “illustre la dynamique en cours allant vers
le renforcement des relations entre les deux pays”. Les deux leaders
devaient signer un accord d’assistance mutelle en cas de desastre
naturel et de cooperation entre les forces aeriennes et navales des
deux pays pour les operations de sauvetage. Selon la presse chypriote,
M. Netanyahu demanderait aussi l’aval de M.

Christofias sur certains sujets, comme l’utilisation de la base
aerienne chypriote “Andreas Papandreou” a Paphos, ou le transit du
gaz naturel vers Chypre via un gazoduc, ou encore la contribution a
un terminal energetique devant etre amenage a Chypre, ainsi que la
protection de ces gazoduc et des infrastructures connexes.

Iranian Armenians Celebrate Vardanants Day At Valley Of Avarayr

IRANIAN ARMENIANS CELEBRATE VARDANANTS DAY AT VALLEY OF AVARAYR

16:58 . 20/02

Ceremonies were held at Atrpatakan’s Armenian Diocese in Iran to
celebrate Vardanants Day. At St Sargis Church in Tavriz and St
Stepanos Church in Urmia liturgies were served to commemorate the
fighters who fell for the sake of Armenians.

Celebrations were also held at Avarayr Valley, where Grigor Chifchian,
vicar of the Armenian Diocese in Atrpatakan (Iran) visited to pay a
tribute to the ossuary of Sparapet (commander) Vardan, ministers and
soldiers. In the valley, where the Armenian army of 66 000 soldiers
fought against the Persian army of 300 000 soldiers, there are old
pictures of crosses, which, probably, were engraved on rocks and
stones by Armenian soldiers as a form of expression of their faith.

During the ceremony at the valley a schoolchildren’s choir performed
songs dedicated to Sparapet Vardan and national songs.

http://www.yerkirmedia.am/?act=news&lan=en&id=5388

A. Ayvazyan: Not A Single Armenian Monument Is Left In Azerbaijan

A. AYVAZYAN: NOT A SINGLE ARMENIAN MONUMENT IS LEFT IN AZERBAIJAN

Aysor.am
Monday,February 20

Merited figure of the RA culture, expert in Armenian and Nakhijevan
studies Argam Ayvazyan is author of more than 200 scientific
publications about Nakhijevan and an author of more than 30 works.

“Recently the indifference has become common both in Armenia and in
Diaspora. The Soviet Armenian scientific mind didn’t refer to the
case and wrote no article about it when Nakhijevan became parted from
Armenia during the Russian – Turkish war. Nakhijevan was separated
from Armenia in all the spheres,” A. Ayvazyan noted.

The specialist in monument studies till now examines the historical
and cultural monuments of Nakhijevan by his own means. “There is no
monument left in Nakhijevan due to that indifference. If we have no
way to stop it in Nakhijevan, we could at least publish the materials
we had,” he said.

Gagik Melikyan: We Have To Break Ties Between Business And Politics

GAGIK MELIKYAN: WE HAVE TO BREAK TIES BETWEEN BUSINESS AND POLITICS

Panorama.am
20/02/2012

We have to break the ties between business and politics, Secretary
of RPA parliamentary faction Gagik Melikyan told reporters in Yerevan.

“RPA has repeatedly said that we have to break the ties between
business and politics. There will be no businessmen on our party
lists. And running for parliament by majority system is their
constitutional right. No one is going to violate the constitutional
right of our citizens. RPA will support those who will enjoy people’s
support. Let no one dare to play on people’s will,” said Melikyan.

U.S. Congressmen Visit Armenia

U.S. CONGRESSMEN VISIT ARMENIA

armradio.am
20.02.2012 11:11

A 15-member Congressional Delegation from the U.S. House of
Representatives headed by Chairman David Dreier met with President
Serzh Sargsyan and Speaker of Parliament Samvel Nikoyan on February
19. President Sargsyan hosted a dinner for the delegation, which
included five members of the U.S. House of Representatives, and
Ambassador John Heffern.

At the dinner in honor of the Congressmen, President Serzh Sargsyan
noted that he attaches the utmost importance to the contacts with the
friends of Armenia in Congress whose support has had its considerable
impact on the establishment and development of democracy in Armenia
as well as on the preservation of stability in our region. “Taking
this opportunity, I would like to express gratitude to you all for
making possible financial, humanitarian and technical assistance to
Armenia from day one of our independence.

This year marks the 20th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic
relations between Armenia and the United States, and I am glad that
we are celebrating this jubilee on the highest level,” President
Serzh Sargsyan said.

The Congressmen stressed the importance of the development of the
US-Armenia relations. Your commitment to human rights, democracy and
the rule of law in Armenia can be an example for many, many others,”
Congressman David Dreier said.

At the meeting discussed was a wide range of issues pertinent to
the development and deepening of the Armenian-American relations
and stressed was the importance of strengthening bilateral and
multilateral cooperation.

Congressman Dreier, Chair of the House Democracy Partnership,
highlighted the importance of the upcoming parliamentary elections
to the bilateral relationship and urged the government and all the
political parties to “do everything in their power to ensure free,
fair, and credible elections.” The delegation expressed interest in
developing closer ties between the National Assembly and the U.S.
Congress.

The Congressmen visited Armenia as representatives of the House
Democracy Partnership (HDP), which is a bipartisan, 20-member
commission established by the U.S. House of Representatives in 2005 to
support the development of independent, democratic legislatures. The
HDP seeks to build the capacity of its partner legislatures in
key areas such as legislative oversight, budget analysis, committee
operations, constituent relations, and library and research services,
using peer-to-peer exchange programs, training seminars for members
and staff, and targeted material assistance. This was the second
visit of the HDP to Armenia.

The Delegation includes Rep. David Dreier (R-CA); Rep. James Moran
(D-VA); Rep. Joe Wilson (R-SC); Rep. Adrian Smith (R-NE); Rep. Kenny
Marchant (R-TX); Reverend Patrick Conroy, Chaplain of the House of
Representatives; and staff.

France… Par Markar Esayan

FRANCE… PAR MARKAR ESAYAN
Stephane

armenews.com
lundi 20 fevrier 2012

Je suis alle a Paris pour quelques jours pour y faire un expose dans
une reunion organisee pour le cinquième anniversaire de la mort de
Hrant Dink.

J’etais invite par l’Acort (Association des Citoyens d’Originaire
Turque en France*), qui s’occupe depuis 1980 des personnes venues de
Turquie. Nous ous sommes reunis pour nous souvenir de la vie de Dink.

A la reunion, un documentaire sur Dink d’Osman Okkan a ete projete.

L’audience remplissait la salle municipale de la Mairie du Xème. La
salle etait tellement pleine que eaucoup sont restes debout tout le
temps. ; Dink est un tel symbole d’unite.

Je pense qu’en Hrant Dink, les gens trouvent un esprit anatolien pur,
intact. Son authenticite et son esprit anatolien nous rappelle notre
riche histoire multiculturelle, ou en d’autres termes, les bons
vieux jours. Il st particulièrement triste qu’on nous l’ait enleve
a un moment où nous nous fforcions de ‘ressusciter’ la Turquie ;
ce n’est qu’un des elements de la iste des regrets, dans laquelle
figurent aussi ceux de n’avoir pas su roteger Hrant Dink et de ne
pas l’avoir mieux connu du temps de son vivant.

En fait, non seulement nous sommes attristes par la mort de Hrant,
mais nous portons en plus le deuil de tout ce qu’on nous a vole. Ce
sauvage assassinat ‘un homme innocent, frappe en plein vol comme
une colombe craintive, commis par une organisation violente, c’est
une attaque contre toutes les personnes, qu’elles aiment ou non les
Armeniens. Peut-etre que si Dink avait te assassine dans les annees
1980 ou 1990, alors que nous avons perdu ellement de personnes de
valeur, n’aurions nous pas eu autant de poids sur la conscience. La
perte de Dink s’est produite trop tôt. L’enquete Ergenekon a commence
quelques mois après son assassinat. Un an après Veli Kucuk a ete
arrete. Est-il possible qu’il n’y ait pas aucun rapport du tout entre
les assassinats non resolus et l’enquete sur Ergenekon ?

A Paris, France, où j’ecris ces lignes, les Turcs, les Kurdes et
les Armeniens ont tenu une reunion a la memoire de Hrant Dink peu
de temps après sa mort. J’avais trouve cela bien alors. Je me rends
compte cependant, cette annee, que les relations bilaterales se sont
deteriorees a la suite de l’adoption de la loi sur la negation du
genocide au Senat de la France. Des milliers de Turcs qui se sont
reunis autour de l’edifice du Senat pour protester ont ete très
influents. On dit que la Turquie a organise ces manifestations. Au
cours des recentes discussions sur les delicats incidents de 1915-
discussions qui se sont deroulees dans ce pays nouveau où leurs
ancetres ont choisi de vivre – les Armeniens ont percu la forte
influence de la Turquie comme une continuation du harcèlement et des
persecutions subies pendant de nombreuses annees.

C’est pour cette raison que la participation des Armeniens a
la reunion dans laquelle j’ai fait un expose etait limitee. Un
journaliste francais m’a bien sûr demande ce que je pensais de la
decision du Senat.

Et j’ai donne la reponse suivante, qui je pense n’a fait plaisir a
personne : “J’ai exprime mon opinion sur ce sujet a de nombreuses
reprises en Turquie ; je vous le repète, je suis en faveur du droit
d’exprimer toute opinion qui n’implique pas de violence, ne contienne
aucune remarque raciste ou n’atteigne a la dignite des autres. Cela
etant dit, je suis conscient que cette loi s’efforce de creer et nommer
un nouveau crime pour eviter de futurs genocides. Cela ne peut pas
s’expliquer uniquement par l’ambition politique de Sarkozy. Mais comme
democrate, c’est ma facon de voir les choses. Si j’etais un senateur
investi du droit de vote, je ferais a la loi Gayssot et a cette loi
la meme objection. Mais comme fils d’un peuple dont les ancetres
ont ete assassines par le Comite Union et Progrès et dont on nie
son droit au respect depuis 96 ans, ces decisions me font eprouver
du plaisir quelque part dans le coeur ; pour parler franchement,
je ne peux le nier. Et je crois en outre n’etre pas responsable de
ce dilemme et contradiction”.

Evidemment, je suis influence par de telles reunions ; en particulier
celles de pays etrangers où les gens d’Anatolie ont cherche refuge
contre la mort, les persecutions et la pauvrete ; le bagage que nous
transportons est assez lourd. Vivre loin de chez soi est deja rude.

Compte tenu des problèmes qui s’y ajoutent, notre bagage ne fait que
s’appesantir. Je leur dit que nous ne sommes pas a ce point en Turquie
dans un piège, je leur demande de comprendre que les changements
positifs en Turquie sont toujours perceptibles avec retard, alors
que les developpements destructeurs sont ressentis immediatement. On
pourrait dire que les Turcs, les Kurdes et la diaspora armenienne en
sont encore a la Turquie des annees 1980.

Le fait que la Turquie ait quelque peu efface son image en partie
positive en sur-reagissant a la recente decision est pour moi une
reelle frustration.

Le sujet est très vaste. Je continuerai a faire mes commentaires.

Traduction et commentaire de Gilbert Beguian

(*) Dans l’article IV de ses statuts, l’Acort, en realite, Assemblee
Citoyenne des Originaires de Turquie s’engage ‘ lutter contre
toute forme de racisme, de xenophobie, d’exclusion, de sexisme et de
discrimination raciale conformement a l’esprit de la loi du 1er Juillet
1972 et de la Loi Gayssot’. Si tel est le cas, cette Association est
favorable a la loi Boyer, a moins qu’elle ne nie que les Armeniens
ont ete victimes d’un genocide en 1915. Dans les deux cas, on en
droit d’attendre de sa part une mise au point.

Le deni de justice du procès de ses assassins est a Hrant Dink ce
que la negation du genocide est aux victimes. Memes auteurs, memes
methodes. On peut regretter que l’auteur ait recours a l’expression :
“delicats incidents”. En francais, un incident, c’est quelque chose de
non essentiel, qui se produit par hasard. Ce mot traduit en francais
le meme mot en anglais, qui definit quelque chose de desagreable,
d’inattendu. Esperons que l’auteur ne l’emploie que pour marquer sa
desapprobation. Par contre, sa reponse a la question “pour ou contre
la loi Boyer’ est tout simplement parfaite. Rien a ajouter ou retirer.

“Le fait que la Turquie ait quelque peu efface son image en partie
positive en sur-reagissant a la recente decision est pour moi une
reelle frustration” : pour leur part, non seulement vis-a-vis de l’etat
turc, mais aussi face aux manifestations turques des 21 et 23 janvier,
les citoyens francais d’origine armenienne sont plus que frustres ;
ils sont inquiets de la myopie de certains de leurs elus.

We Need New Bright Identities

WE NEED NEW BRIGHT IDENTITIES
Siranuysh Papyan

Story from Lragir.am News:

Published: 13:46:40 – 20/02/2012

Interview with ethnographer Aghasi Tadevosyan

What is the difference between the pre-election campaigns of 2007 and
2012? Will the parties put the public interest above the distribution
of public goods?

The parties don’t protect public interests, they just play their
roles protecting the interests of the oligarchs. I would not say much
has changed since then. Many of them speak about representation of
business interests to the political field. But these affirmations are
groundless – the small and midsize businesses go on living with the
snooze around their neck. And there is little hope that after coming
to power the Republican or Bargavach Hayastan parties will start
defending the interests of small business. I think the affirmation
that the relation between the two coalition parties are tense due to
disagreements on public tasks is groundless too.

But the society demands protection of its interest.

The greater part of the society does not understand its interest and
cannot formulate it. It is ready to self-organize only for primitive
and generic values. Those, who chose the path of formation of power
through elections, had long gone beyond the circle of ethnic plane and
domestic security interests. The majority of our society appreciates
its interest at AMD 5-15 thousand. Oligarchic RPA and BHP act in the
plane of the primitive interest and build on this their pre-election
strategy. In other words, a large part of the society due to their
ignorance came to a consensus with the oligarchic parties.

As to the disagreements between the RPA and BHP, I tend to see
election tactics in this. Once a black cat walked between us though
both parties evidently defend the interests of the oligarchy, just
in different camps. But in 2008, both camps united against the people.

Do you think Serzh Sargsyan’s commitments on fair elections are
also PR?

Who hinders him to hold fair elections? The people or his own party?

Or his coalition partner BHP? There will be no fair elections in
Armenia. The oligarchic parties and the greater part of the population
are inclined to bribery. Elections can be fair in Armenia only if
people who have a sincere wish to hold such elections are found. Now,
the majority of the population of Armenia is unable to elect. Only
those who formulated their interest are able to elect. These groups
are many in Armenia now which are now in Mashtots Park and they differ
from the twins BHP and RPA. These parties were unable to get 40-50%
together, but, disassociated from each other, they could take more.

There are people who believe in this show. Though, I’m not saying no
one wants to elect BHP or RPA. They are quite many.

Why do people want to elect them?

The BHP supports vulnerable people who live in extremely poor
conditions and they are thankful for this aid. These people think that
when in power their benefactors will keep supporting them. But the
greater part of our population votes not to form a democratic power
but it just chooses between the good and the bad which is a completely
different election. Civil thinking is entirely in the secular plane,
and there is nothing sacred here. And our population predominantly
has sacral mentality, so democracy is alien to them. Oligarchs and
their parties fit the images of good masters. Most of the population
is ready to give them their votes because they have long been in talks
with voters, they agree how many votes each will receive and people
will vote for those parties from which they expect more foreclosures.

The only pre-election process in Armenia is the bribe.

Is there alternative to this thinking?

Let it not sound rough but our population is predominantly ignorant
which allows the RPA and BHP to hope they will receive 30-40%. Our
society needs modernization which is the only way to restore the
institute of elections. The modern institute cannot act in the archaic
society. Compare the images of young people who gathered to defend
Mashtots Park and the Republican youths with eagles on their chest.

This is the clash of modern and pre-state archaism. Archaic parties
are unable to build the future.

It is necessary to understand that modern states are formed thanks to
the leadership of progressive people. The authorities should be modern
in everything. People eating in places where our oligarchs usually
are, build a modern state. The problem is related to cultural capital
and habitus. We need new, enlightened people, educated and modern
identities. The majority of the parties are guided by group interests.

How can we fight this total ignorance?

It is not necessary to fight, it is necessary to create the new one,
new images who should act during civil actions. This process has
already started. People in power will also change because there are
people who are not present within the authorities yet but they are
also the government. Tomorrow, this government will shape the state.

The type of the RPA and the BHP is dying, these parties live in the
past. Look, in the meantime while people in the Mashtots Park have
been fighting for future, young Republicans looking at the past
honored Vardan. None of the people suffering from false patriotism
ever thought that patriotism is a subject that manifests itself in
the defense of their city from the oligarchs.

Regardless of the victory in the upcoming elections, the RPA and
BHP have already lost. The time for ethno-religious Nzhdeh ideology
has already passed. The construction of the state and international
competition cannot be based on these ideologies. It is necessary to
archive the national ideologies.

The reality shows the current conservative forces are unable to
assess the realities which go beyond the limits of their intellectual
diapason. The inability to assess, to accept and to try the new can
be the proof of the crisis of realization of the power. Or, these
forces need to modernize.

It is evident today where these retrogrades have led the country. The
progressive part of the Armenian society cannot tolerate this for a
long time.

http://www.lragir.am/engsrc/interview25182.html

Armenia follows US among countries dangerous for web surfing

Armenia follows US among countries dangerous for web surfing

NEWS.AM
February 18, 2012 | 21:10

In 2011 Armenia ranked 4th in the list of hacker attacks through
internet surfing, Russian Kaspersky Lab anti-virus producer company
informs.

Russian ranked on the first place, Oman is the second, and the USA is
third. In the top ten of the rating Armenia is followed by Belarus,
Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Iraq, Ukraine, Guinea-Bissau, Information
Security informs.