Food: Mayrig: Where Authentic Armenian Flavors Meet Family Recipes

MAYRIG: WHERE AUTHENTIC ARMENIAN FLAVORS MEET FAMILY RECIPES

Arab News

May 29, 2012 Tuesday
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

It all started in the town of Jabal Moussa, Armenia, when Manouchag,
an Armenian grandmother, who though was not rich or famous, had one
particular talent that set her aside from any other grandmother in
the town; Manouchag was a fantastic cook.

Manouchag, Armenian for violet eyes, was a little girl when a big war
broke out in her native country forcing her to set sail to Cyprus. She
grew up in a children’s home, where she stayed until she graduated
from high school. She then moved to Lebanon where she met her future
husband. They both lived in a beautiful mansion overlooking the sea
in Ayn Mreisseh, where she raised her six children.

Manouchag used her cooking skills to quiet down her grandchildren,
asking them to help her in the kitchen; her mission was to create
wonderful Armenian dishes for her family. She was extra careful in
guarding her secret recipes. However, she made one important exception:
her children and grandchildren.

Manouchag inspired her grandchildren to start a business to celebrate
her talent. They opened a restaurant that serves traditional Armenian
cuisine and named it Mayrig. The restaurant was born in Beirut with
an army of professional mothers working as chefs and using only
Manouchag’s ancient recipes.

In February 2011, Mayrig opened its second branch in Jeddah. The
restaurant is located in a small villa overlooking King Road and the
Andalus Street. The exterior of the villa is done in Armenian style –
with wood, stones and marble. Inside is a two-story restaurant: The
ground floor serves only men while the second floor is for families.

The interior of the restaurant is colorful with walls made of beige
rocks and wood and Syrian-designed marble floors. Mayrig can seat
250 diners at once and 50 diners in the terrace area.

The menu comprises a range of authentic Armenian dishes. Among their
fresh salads is Itch, an Armenian tabouleh made with buckwheat, onion,
tomatoes and parsley. The dish is eaten with cabbage leaves as serving
spoons. Sempougov salad is a cold eggplant salad with onion, tomatoes,
parsley and lemon and olive oil dressing. Vospi salad is a lentil
salad with chopped onions, tomatoes and pomegranate vinegar sauce,
eaten with crispy bread, and it is highly recommended here.

For cold entrees, Derevov Sarma is a dish made with zesty vine
leaves wrapped around juicy rice mix. The Mayrig Selection is highly
recommended, which is a dish of kebbe with lentils served with chopped
white onion and olive oil. Kebbe with potatoes is served with chopped
tomatoes, onion and parsley while the raw meat kebbe is served with
minced meat, onions and pine nuts.

In the category of hot entrees, on offer are different appetizing
dishes such as Gdzou Patates, consisting of diced, spicy fried
potatoes. Sou Beureg is a layered pastry made with three kinds of
cheeses. Soujok Fekhara that is made with Armenian beef sausage with
tomato sauce is cooked and served in pottery.

As for the main course, Mayrig serves authentic Armenian dishes cooked
with Armenian spices and baked in pottery. Mante is a minced meat
dumpling cooked in a stone oven. Tomato sauce and yogurt is added
when serving the dish. Fishnah Kebab is another popular dish here
and consists of a grilled kebab dish topped with wild sour cherries
and french bread.

Tika Kebab is a diced beef grilled in skewers and served with diced
fried potatoes and salad. Missov Frikeh is another recommended dish
made with Frikeh pilaf, beef and topped with wild sour cherries.

Every good meal has to have a sweet ending. For dessert, diners should
try the Armenian style walnut pakhlava or Achtalieh, which is a milk
pudding topped with pistachios and served in a pottery jar. Anouch ser,
a sweet rolled pastry filled with cream, is a smart choice too.

The restaurant offers Shisha indoors and outdoors for its diners.

Expect to pay: SR150 to SR200 per person.

Opening hours: From 1 p.m. to 1 a.m. on weekends and from 1 p.m. to
12 a.m. on weekdays.

http://arabnews.com/mayrig-where-authentic-armenian-flavors-meet-family-recipes

Brother Who Took Sons On International Odyssey Sentenced To 27 Month

BROTHER WHO TOOK SONS ON INTERNATIONAL ODYSSEY SENTENCED TO 27 MONTHS
BY: FRED SHUSTER

City News Service
May 29, 2012 Tuesday 1:42 PM PST

The first of two Syrian-Armenian brothers who took their sons out
of the country without the consent of the children’s mothers was
sentenced today in Los Angeles to 27 months behind bars.

George Silah, a 49-year-old U.S. citizen, was extradited from the
Netherlands last October and pleaded guilty in February to two counts
of international parental kidnapping.

According to federal prosecutors, George Silah and his 51-year-old
brother left the United States in July 2008, taking with them his two
sons and John Silah’s only son. Months later, the boys’ anguished
mothers appeared on TV’s “Dr. Phil” begging for their return or at
least word of their safety. George Silah’s 16-year-old son Alex told
U.S. District Judge Otis D. Wright II that he was able to call his
mother during the two years he spent abroad with his father, brother,
uncle and cousin, but chose not to.

“I knew if I called my mom, my dad would go to jail,” the teen said,
calling his father “a hero.”

Wright said the act of taking the boys out of the country without
notice was designed to “inflict as much psychic harm as possible”
on the former spouses.

The father, however, told Wright that while he had made the wrong
decision by running, the move was prompted by threats he said he had
received from former business clients who had apparently lost money
to him.

“I should have most probably left (the boys) with their mothers,
but I was in panic mode,” Silah said.

Assistant U.S. Attorney Justin R. Rhoades said there is “strong
evidence” that George Silah was involved in a fraudulent business
scheme, but disagreed with the defendant’s explanation that he fled
with the boys to protect them.

The prosecutor said the Silah brothers embarked on a “calculated” and
“well-planned” effort to flee from those who were defrauded before they
“caught on.”

As for the teen-ager’s insistence that he was always free to
telephone his mother anytime during the two years, Rhoades said
“that never happened.” The father never allowed such an opportunity,
the prosecutor said.

The boy’s claims to the contrary are perhaps evidence of Stockholm
syndrome, a phenomenon where kidnap victims, over time, become
sympathetic to their captors, Rhoades told the judge.

In any case, Silah defense attorney Matthew D. Kohn argued, the boys
received a mind-broadening education while they lived outside the
country, returning home “smarter” and “wiser.” Their father hired
tutors for them and kept them healthy and happy, the attorney said.

“There were positives,” Kohn said.

Following his release from prison, Silah must serve a year under
supervised release, including 20 hours of community service per week,
Wright ordered.

When they fled, the Silah brothers were divorced from the boys’
mothers and had only partial legal custody of their sons, who lived
in the San Fernando Valley.

Over the next two years, the group traveled through Mexico, Central
America and Europe. In November 2010, the Silah brothers and their
sons were found in the Netherlands and detained. The boys’ mothers
then flew to the Netherlands, where they were reunited with their sons.

John Silah, a citizen of Syria, was brought to the United States
in March and pleaded guilty to one count of international parental
kidnapping. Sentencing is set for Aug. 6.

Rpa And Rule Of Law Party Take Responsibility For Armenia’s Politica

RPA AND RULE OF LAW PARTY TAKE RESPONSIBILITY FOR ARMENIA’S POLITICAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

ARMENPRESS
30 May, 2012
YEREVAN

YEREVAN, MAY 30, ARMENPRESS: A coalition agreement has been signed
between Republican Party of Armenia and Rule of Law by RPA Chairman
Serzh Sargsyan and Arthur Baghdasaryan, leader of Rule of Law party.

As Armenpress reports, the agreement specifically reads: “The
parties make up a coalition which takes responsibility for Armenia’s
political, economic and social development. The parties are committed
to act within the agreement – to conduct a united policy and closely
cooperate for implementation of the joint program on government’s
activity in combination with their election programs. The parties
hope that their cooperation will help to confront the foreign and
home challenges of Armenia.

The political coalition attests its decision on forwarding a joint
candidate in the upcoming presidential elections on behalf of Serzh
Sargsyan, thus expressing political will and resoluteness to take
political responsibility for further sustainable development of
the country.”

OC Bookly: in Little Armenian and West Covina: Not Orange County…

OC Bookly

OC Bookly in Little Armenia and West Covina:
Not Orange County. Elsewhere. (But Close!)
By Andrew Tonkovich
Sun., May 20 2012 at 8:00 AM

This modest blog’s ostensible focus is OC reading, writing, literary
people and generally what the highly-opinionated Mr. Bib deems bookly
about our benighted, beatific and beloved county but, of course, no
county is an island entire of itself, every county is a piece of the
continent, a part of the main and, well, you know the rest. So, I’m
asking you bibliogals and bibliofellas to stretch your literary
geographical reach just a bit as I talk pretty this morning about two
novels which are still in the neighborhood, up the road apiece, in the
County of Los Angeles, where a sometimes parallel and often familiar,
and certainly connected, story unfolds.

Aris Janigian’s This Angelic Land

Alas, This Angelic Land, the new novel by Aris Janigian, has yet to be
reviewed by the LA Times, which is a shame as the book’s putative tie-in
“occasion” has come and gone, if not disappeared. The so-called LA
Riots, Uprising, Civil Disturbance, whatever, twenty years ago, is the
three-day and lifetimes-of-reflection ago-inducing event for a serious,
exciting, elegantly written novel about immigrants from, yup, Beirut,
Lebanon, who’d imagined perhaps some kind of new life only to find, of
course, that their new is new only in its own complications on the dread
story of community, hope and violence.

DJ Waldie, the Scribe of Lakewood, California, writes enthusiastically
over at Los Angeles Review of Books about the Fresno-born Janigian, an
eclectic and experienced writer in multiple genres. Waldie’s imprimatur
should help sales, and maybe get the book the attention it deserves. By
the way, Waldie’s own Holy Land, a great little book indeed, was
optioned by James Franco. Hey, Jimbo, please send a big check to Aris
J. immediately if you want another book that would make a great script.

Still, I admit I was not, frankly (or Franco), at all prepared forThis
Angelic Land. Janigian’s earlier novels, Riverbig andBloodvine, are
terrific, sure, if much less ambitious. They seem to me a variety of
“first novels.” Riverbig is about another fictionalized
autobiographical-seeming Armenian-American from, yes, the agricultural
Central Valley, a guy trying to reconcile the Genocide. It turns out to
be a mystery of sorts, with history and cultural conflict and class
analysis and mobsters. But with This Angelic Land, Janigian the author
finds, works and totally hits out of the ballpark all expectation of
those same themes with his mature, careful prose-stylist voice in a
combination of Beat poetic and ecstatic realist and historically
confident everyday political layering of the moments before, during, and
after the violence and catharsis that was (and is) the social earthquake
of April 1992.

The story is told by a distant yet emotionally intimate voice, an
authorial persona whose observations about the putative main character,
his brother, give the story urgency, and earn our trust. This point of
view gambit is so important, with the brother documentary film maker
Eric Deridian explaining to us–we soon guess why–what he has learned
of both the recent and long-ago moments in the life of his younger
brother Adam, a single guy who runs a club in Little Armenia, is ripped
off by his partner, takes home a troubled woman the night of the
verdict, maintains strong friendships with mentoring artist father-types
and struggles with despair as a kind of LA Everyman. His is only one, if
the the singular compelling story among the interconnected (as it must
be) compelling life stories, case studies for this “a day in the life”
(and death) of the city on fire and under fire.

This is one beautiful, ambitious, surprising book, which keeps the
reader engaged, provoked through a variety of straightforward yet
somehow mysteriously seductive narrative techniques, from the obvious if
essential TV reporters at the scene to long conversations with Adam’s
philosopher king old dude buddies, to his own journals, with sly and
grim humor, too, especially from the old country parents an
grandparents, who find themselves in a sectarian, racialized,
class-ridden New World.

Not out yet (but soon) and available for pre-order is Elsewhere,
California, by Dana Johnson, author of the previous collection, short
stories, called Break Any Woman Down, which won the Flannery O’Connor
Award for Short Fiction. In Elsewhere we read the life of, Avery, a
young African-American girl who appeared in two stories from that
celebrated collection. This, then, is a first novel, a coming-of-age
book, but with a twist. Its simultaneous struggle to justify, explain,
make sense of the adult Avery is the parallel story, and one whose
theme of course happily corresponds to both the political moment,
civic anniversary-wise, and my own blogging needs on a Sunday morning!
Indeed. “cultural confusion,” or, more politically, struggle, is a
familiar trope, but in the adult graphic artist who makes collages and
objects and looks for herself and finds in her own relationship to the
city and its other inhabitants we find more loss, and pain and wisdom
and ironies a-plenty.

Elswhere. It’s near West Covina

Avery, who is beautiful (see author photo, above!), talented, insecure
and married to a loving, pushy, rich older man–an immigrant himself,
because this is Los Angeles where, if you have the scratch you can be
anybody–comes from a middle-class black family who leaves South LA
for West Covina. Complications ensue. So, yes, the well-told struggle
for a young black girl to try to figure out other people’s racism and
class prejudice. But there’s also her effort to figure out her
confused parents, and to see in action the generational journey from
the American South, in this case Tennessee. So, yes, teenage Black
English descriptions of 1970’s pop culture, sexuality, the Dodgers,
“Soul Train,” David Bowie. All is fair game, and none of it is fair,
this making of a worldview. It forms the aesthetics, politics,
personality of the adult Avery, whose show at a trendy mid-town art
gallery is the ostensible celebratory occasion for all of this
reflection, refraction, revision and, finally, reaffirmation, much
like, it turns out, her art. Yet this is not a feel-good novel. It is
too honest and rich and, in places cruel and complicated for that.
It’s out in early June. Get a copy.

Cover art by Mark Vallen

Programming Note: I’ll host readings by three terrific writers on
Wednesday night in celebration of the newest Santa Monica
Review. Reading will be contributors Michelle Chihara, Jonathan Cohen
and Dwight Yates. The event is free, with refreshments and camaraderie
organized by the UC Irvine bookstore. Humanities Instructional
Building HIB 135. 5 PM. See you there!

Elsewhere, California, Dana Johnson, Counterpoint, 304 ppp, $15.95
This Angelic Land, Aris Janigian, West of West, 234 pp, $18.95

Andrew Tonkovich hosts the Wednesday night literary arts program
Bibliocracy Radio, on KPFK 90.7 FM in Southern California.

http://blogs.ocweekly.com/navelgazing/2012/05/aris_janigian.php

Armenia’s Ambassador Meets With Arab League Secretary-General

ARMENIA’S AMBASSADOR MEETS WITH ARAB LEAGUE SECRETARY-GENERAL

news.am
May 31, 2012 | 15:02

Armenia’s Ambassador to Egypt, Armen Melkonyan, on Tuesday met with
Secretary-General Nabil Elaraby of the League of Arab States.

They discussed the prospects for cooperation between Armenia and the
Arab League, Armenia’s ties with Arab countries, and regional matters
of bilateral interest.

Also, Armenia’s ambassador briefed Elaraby on the most recent
developments with respect to the Nagorno-Karabakh peace process.

In his turn, Arab League Secretary-General specifically stressed the
Armenians’ great contribution to the societal life in a variety of
Arab states.

To note, Armenia and the League of Arab States cooperate on the basis
of the Memorandum of Understanding signed in 2005, and, ever since
2008, Armenia’s Ambassador to Egypt is simultaneously accredited as
authorized representative to the League.

Brazilian Armenian Community Facing Serious Challenges

BRAZILIAN ARMENIAN COMMUNITY FACING SERIOUS CHALLENGES

Panorama.am
31/05/2012

“Brazilian Armenian community comprises 30 thousand people. It is
the fifth generation growing up there,” chairman of Brazil branch of
“Hayastan” All-Armenian Fund Oshin Leon Mosditchian said in news
conference.

He said there are Armenian churches in Brazil, one Armenian school
where 90-100 schoolchildren are studying and several Armenian
institutions.

Representatives of Brazilian Armenian community Eduardo Mekbekyan and
Arshak Janyan told the reporters that knowledge of Armenian language
and decreasing number of the community are the main challenges.

“A very little part of Brazilian Armenians know Armenian language,
in Armenia too few people speak Portuguese,” said the reps of Armenian
community.

According to them Armenians and Brazilian Armenians fail to efficiently
communicate through English, too. Hence, Armenia faces serious
challenges in keeping communication with Brazilian Armenian community.

BAKU: High-Level Defense Has Been Established In Nakhchivan – Presid

HIGH-LEVEL DEFENSE HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED IN NAKHCHIVAN – PRESIDENT

News.Az
Thu 31 May 2012 04:32 GMT | 5:32 Local Time

‘There is a successful dynamic development process, growth of
industrial production and opening up new businesses in all areas
of Nakhchivan’.

The statement came from President Ilham Aliyev at the opening ceremony
of the Nakhchivan-Julfa highway, APA reports.

He noted that Nakhichevan-Sadarak and Nakchevan-Julfa highways will
turn Nakhcivan into an important transit hub.

The President said that Azerbaijan leads the tempo of economic
development, increases the country’s GDP. According to the first
quarter of this year, growth in non-oil field was 16%.

Over the past eight years, GDP has tripled, and for the next 10 years
should grow two times. Basically, this should be achieved through
non-oil sector.

Speaking about the development of Nakhchivan, he noted that further
measures will be taken to develop road and transport infrastructure
of Nakhchivan in the future.

The President said that other projects also has implemented
successfully in the country. In particular, natural gas is available
for 100 percent and high-level electricity is provided in all the
regions of Nakhcivan. At the moment, drinking water and sewerage
system projects are implemented and they should be completed till
the end of next year.

The President noted that the same issues related to education and
health. Renovation plan of Nakhchivan City Hospital is prepared.

The President noted that the high-level defense has been established
in Nakhchivan. New air defense and modern artillery systems were
brought and installed in the Autonomous Republic.

Zarakolu Asks Armenian Leader To Grant Residence To Artsakh War Hero

ZARAKOLU ASKS ARMENIAN LEADER TO GRANT RESIDENCE TO ARTSAKH WAR HERO

tert.am
31.05.12

Turkish publisher Rgagip Zarakolu, who was recently honored with
presidential award in Armenia, has asked Serzh Sargsyan to grant
residence to Karabakh war hero and ex-political prisoner Sargis
Hatspanyan.

In a letter to the president, the Turkish rights activist calls for
assisting Hatspanyan, considering him a patriot who left France for
Armenia back in the Soviet period to seek permanent residence in his
home country.

“I am unable to tell you anything about his patriotism as I am
more than sure you know better this man who left Paris 23 years
ago to find permanent residence in his homeland; he is one of the
Diaspora-Armenians who never avoided sacrificing his life to protect
his own nation, whose existence was at stake.

According to the Turkish publisher, the Hatspanyan’s being deprived
of the right to live and work in Armenia after facing a jail term in
the aftermath of the March 2008 post-electoral turmoil, is a serious
problem for the activist whose wife and two children are Armenian
citizens.

Considering Hatspanyan his respected friend, Zarakoulu urgently
requests the president to do everything possible to grant him the
right to reside and work in his cherished homeland.

" ArmenTel " Soutient Le Club Des Supporters De L’equipe D’Armenie,

” ARMENTEL ” SOUTIENT LE CLUB DES SUPPORTERS DE L’EQUIPE D’ARMENIE, LE FIRST ARMENIAN FRONT
Krikor Amirzayan

armenews.com
jeudi 31 mai 2012

La societe armenienne de telephonie ” ArmeTel ” affirme qu’elle
soutiendra le club des supporters de l’equipe d’Armenie de football,
les First Armenian Front (FAF). Ces fans de la selection armenienne
sont très actifs ces derniers mois avec animation des stades lors des
rencontres internationales de l’equipe d’Armenie, accueil des joueurs
Armeniens lors de leur arrivee de l’etranger ainsi que de nombreuses
autres manifestations de soutien. ” ArmenTel ” affirme qu’elle mettre
a la disposition de ces fans ” une haute technologie de communication
(…) ainsi que le soutien de la defense des valeurs nationales “.

Igor Klimine, le directeur ” ArmenTel ” (detenue par une societe
Russe) est fier de soutenir le First Armenian Front qui ” qui reunit
des personnes de tous horizons et developpe une culture de supporters
“. Le FAF a ete cree en 2007 et regroupe des supporters d’Armenie et
de la diaspora.

Laurent Fabius Contre L’adhesion De La Turquie (Nam Novembre 2004)

LAURENT FABIUS CONTRE L’ADHESION DE LA TURQUIE (NAM NOVEMBRE 2004)
Ara

armenews.com
jeudi 31 mai 2012

Alors que Francois Hollande s’est declaree favorable au principe d’une
adhesion a terme de la Turquie a l’Union europeenne, conditionnee
au respect d’un certain nombre de critères dont la reconnaissance du
genocide des Armeniens, son ministre des Affaires etrangères Laurent
Fabius s’est toujours positionne contre cette candidature. Nous mettons
en ligne pour memoire cette interview que le dirigeant socialiste
avait accorde a Nouvelles d’Armenie Magazine en novembre 2004 ( N°102).

Nouvelles d’Armenie Magazine : Quels sont les arguments qui fondent
votre ” non ” a l’entree de la Turquie en Europe ?

Laurent Fabius : J’ecarte tout d’abord la question religieuse qui ne
doit pas entrer en ligne de compte. Il y a ensuite des elements qui
tiennent a la Turquie, d’autres a l’Europe.

S’agissant de la Turquie il est evident qu’elle ne remplit pas les
critères de democratie indispensables. Notamment, et bien sûr vous
y etes sensible, la reconnaissance du genocide armenien qui connaît,
si je comprends bien, une situation aggravee par le nouveau code penal
turc. Il y a le problème du droit des minorites, du respect des droits
de la personne humaine, un point auquel nous sommes très attaches.

Autre aspect important : le facteur geographique. Non pas qu’il faille
avoir une vision etroite de la geographie, mais il est tout de meme
vrai qu’une grande partie de la Turquie ne se situe pas en Europe. Dès
lors que la Turquie serait incluse, on ne comprendrait pas pourquoi la
meme demarche ne pourrait s’appliquer au Magh-eb, a toute une serie
de pays de l’ex-URSS etc… Il y a une autre question qui me paraît
importante : quelle conception a-t-on de l’Europe ? Veut-on ce que
j’appelle une ” Europe puissance “, avec une cohesion economique,
sociale, politique, ou bien une simple zone de libre echange ?

Je suis partisan de la première formule. De ce point de vue,
une dilution me paraît dangereuse. D’autant plus que nous venons
d’integrer 10 pays, que trois autres vont entrer (la Roumanie, la
Bulgarie, la Croatie) et que la Turquie est une puissance importante,
très peuplee. Ce qui poserait des problèmes evidents.

Il faut aussi prendre en compte les questions economiques et
financières, qu’on ne peut pas negliger. La Commission de Bruxelles
estime a plus de 20 milliards d’euros par an le financement qui
serait necessite par une adhesion de la Turquie alors meme que toute
une serie d’Etats, dont la France, demandent, a mon avis a tort, une
limitation, voire une baisse du budget de l’Union europeenne. Tout
cela fait beaucoup d’arguments.

Mais ne nous trompons pas. Je respecte parfaitement le peuple turc. La
Turquie est un grand pays. Il faut avoir des relations proches avec
elle, aider a son developpement, a celui de la democratie. Mais la
formule du partenariat me paraît bien preferable. Dès lors bien sûr
que les conditions democratiques se-raient remplies. Il y a eu une
confusion au sein de l’Europe. Ce n’est pas parce que l’on veut se
rapprocher d’un pays, que pour autant celui-ci doit entrer dans les
mecanismes de decision de l’Union. Je crois que la bonne solution
est d’appuyer un developpement democratique avec une formule de
partenariat.

NAM : Votre position est-elle en adequation avec celle du PS ? On
entend dans votre parti des voix sensiblement differentes.

L. F. : Le parti socialiste est d’accord dans sa totalite pour dire
que les conditions d’adhesion ne sont pas reunies, que l’Europe doit
avoir des relations proches avec la Turquie et qu’enfin il y a une
exigence sur la question des droits de l’homme et de la reconnaissance
du genocide armenien.

Certains socialistes disent cependant ” on arrivera a surmonter
tout cela, il faut de toutes les manières aller vers l’adhesion
“. Je pense, moi, que, quand on commence une negociation en disant ”
de toutes les manières, il faut aller vers “, en general on n’obtient
rien. La solution du partenariat dans le respect des uns et des autres
me paraît meilleure.

NAM : Comment caracteriseriez-vous ce processus qui semble devoir
nous emmener ineluctablement vers l’ouverture des negociations avec
la Turquie ?

L. F. : En bon francais, cela s’appelle une fuite en avant. Mais je
voudrais vous faire etat d’un texte qui m’a ete transmis recemment
et qui m’a beaucoup choque. C’est un passage du communique final de
la reunion des ministres des Affaires etrangères de la Conference
islamique qui s’est tenue au mois de juin a Istanbul. Je pense qu’il
faut y revenir.

Il y a eu a Istanbul, entre le 14 et le 16 juin 2004, la 31e reunion
des ministres des Affaires etrangères de l’OCI, l’Organisation de
la Conference Islamique qui comprend toute une serie de pays. C’est
le gouvernement turc qui recevait les participants. Ils ont adopte
a la fin de la conference une declaration comportant de nombreux
points. Et dans le point 62 on peut lire ceci : ” La conference
a appele a s’abstenir de toute utilisation de l’universalite
des droits de l’homme comme pretexte pour s’ingerer dans les
affaires interieures des Etats et porter atteinte a la souverainete
nationale. La Conference a denonce la decision de l’Union europeenne,
concernant la condamnation de la peine de la lapidation et des autres
peines qualifiees d’inhumaines, et qui sont appliques dans certains
Etats membres en vertu des dispositions de la charia “.

Etrangement, cela n’a guère ete releve. Il y a la un vrai problème
quand on aborde la question des droits de l’homme… et de la femme.

On souhaite qu’il y ait des evolutions, on y travaille, et il faut
reconnaître qu’il y en a eu. Mais quand on prend connaissance de
textes comme celui-la, on se dit : mais de quoi parle-t-on ?

NAM : Que penser, quand des decisions qui engagent la souverainete
des Etats sont prises au nom des peuples europeens sans qu’ils aient
ete consultes en quoi que ce soit ?

L. F. : Si on veut etre très objectif, je crois qu’il y a eu beaucoup
de vision a court terme vis-a-vis de la Turquie. Et elle pourrait
elle-meme estimer qu’on l’a un peu, pour parler vulgairement, ”
menee en bateau “.

Depuis des annees des declarations comportant une certaine part de
myopie ou d’hypocrisie sont intervenues. Des engagements ont ete pris
par differents chefs d’Etat, pas seulement en France, qui accreditent
l’idee qu’on va ineluctablement vers l’adhesion. Or beaucoup d’entre
eux, qui ne vous le diront pas, nourrissaient ou nourrissent en
arrière pensee l’espoir que quelqu’un finira bien par dire ” non “.

Seulement maintenant, depuis le rapport de la Commission de Bruxelles
et compte tenu du calendrier, on se trouve au pied du mur.

Je pense qu’il est indispensable que la population soit consultee.

Sans utiliser de fausses peurs et pratiquer de la demagogie. Mais
en appelant un chat un chat. Je suis choque de ce qui s’est passe a
l’Assemblee nationale francaise. Dans un premier temps le president
de la Republique et le Premier ministre ont refuse tout debat. Puis
un debat a ete accepte, mais après le 17 decembre, date de la decision.

Puis, finalement, sous notre pression et celle d’autres groupes, le
debat est accepte. Mais, utilisant un mauvais pretexte, le pouvoir
executif refuse tout vote. La Constitution de la cinquième Republique
n’a pourtant jamais interdit au Parlement de voter de motion. Aussi
ne faut-il pas s’etonner que sur un sujet si important la population
se sente court-circuitee et dise sa deception vis-a-vis de l’Europe
en particulier et de la politique en general. Je pense qu’il faut
s’adresser a l’intelligence des gens, presenter une vision de long
terme, ne pas utiliser les fausses peurs, ne pas recourir a la
demagogie religieuse anti-musulmane qui serait inacceptable. Mais
poser les problèmes au fond.

NAM : Jacques Chirac a tout de meme dit que les Francais seraient
consultes par referendum sur cette question.

L. F. : Je preterais en cette circonstance a Jacques Chirac ce mot
celèbre : ” les promesses n’engagent que ceux qui les entendent
“. Si, pour masquer la position de principe qui va devoir etre prise
le 17 decembre de cette annee, le pretexte trouve est de consulter la
population dans 15 ans, nous avons affaire a un leurre. Il serait bien
plus judicieux et democratique de prendre une position dès maintenant.

Celle-ci ne devrait evidemment pas etre une decision anti-turque, mais
une position qui correspondrait a la fois aux interets de l’Europe,
de la France, aux interets de la Turquie et aux principes de la
democratie. Mieux vaut prendre ses responsabilites.

NAM : Vous pensez vraiment que l’ouverture des negociations peut
prejuger du resultat ?

L. F. : L’experience historique montre que, lorsqu’on commence une
negociation dont l’objet est l’adhesion, cela se termine toujours
par un oui.

De plus, il faut aussi se mettre a la place des Turcs. Si on commence
sur une certaine base et que dans 3 ans ou 5 ans on leur dit autre
chose, ils vont nous reprocher de les avoir floues. Il serait plus
honnete, sans injurier l’avenir, de dire que la perspective de
solution, c’est le partenariat.

Je suis un fervent proeuropeen, je pense que l’Union europeenne a
un rôle d’equilibre a jouer dans le monde, face a la Chine, l’Inde,
les Etats-Unis, etc… Son bon fonctionnement doit reposer sur le
principe des trois cercles : Un premier cercle de pays qui peuvent
avancer assez vite ensemble, notamment dans les domaines economiques
et sociaux (l’Allemagne, la Belgique, la France, l’Espagne, etc). Un
deuxième cercle plus large, politique, avec les 25 pays actuels, demain
davantage. Et puis un troisième cercle, avec les pays qui se trouvent
a la peripherie et avec lesquels il faut avoir un partenariat exigeant,
sur une base d’egalite. Je place la Turquie dans ce cercle-la. Si l’on
partage cette vision de la construction europeenne, qui a un certain
lien avec la question de la Constitution europeenne, autant l’afficher.

C’est ce que je souhaiterais que Jacques Chirac fasse, au nom de
notre pays.

NAM : Est-ce que le president peut veritablement s’engager a dire oui a
la Turquie le 17 decembre, alors qu’il a contre lui sur cette question
la majorite de l’opinion publique et des forces politiques du pays ?

L. F. : Je souhaite que le president de la Republique tienne compte
de la position de beaucoup de Francais. Il peut arriver, bien sûr,
dans certaines circonstances historiques qu’un dirigeant doive prendre
le contre-pied de la majorite. Cela peut se produire. Mais sur cette
question-la, le bon sens est du côte de la majorite de la population.

NAM : Un oui a la Constitution pourrait-il influer sur le processus
d’adhesion de la Turquie ?

L. F. : Ce sont a la fois des questions differentes et, en meme temps,
un peu liees. Differentes parce que les relations avec la Turquie sont
une question en elles-memes. Mais il y a un certain lien. Le texte
actuel de la Constitution precise par exemple que dans la plupart
des matières, l’unanimite va prevaloir. Il limite aussi ce que j’ai
appele les cooperations renforcees, le premier cercle. Il empeche en
pratique toute revision future de la Constitution.

Imaginez que la Constitution soit votee telle quelle et que, d’autre
part, la Turquie entre dans l’Union europeenne. Cela donnerait un
poids considerable a la Turquie qui deviendrait le premier pays
d’Europe avec 20 % de droit de vote de plus que la France.

Parallèlement le texte de la Constitution ne pourrait pas etre
revise, avec les consequences economiques, sociales, democratiques
que cela entraîne. Je pense qu’il faut avoir un texte de Constitution
plus souple, revisable, pour aller vers cette ” Europe puissance ”
que j’appelle de mes v~ux, et non pas vers une Europe diluee. Dans
les deux cas, au fond, le problème est un peu le meme : veut-on une
vaste zone de marche qui sera probablement a domination atlantiste,
ou bien souhaite-t-on une Europe europeenne, une Europe de la cohesion
sociale qui ait des partenaires divers et qui puisse diffuser les
valeurs de democratie ?

NAM : Du point de vue simplement ethique, et au regard de l’histoire,
ne pensez-vous pas qu’il serait discutable qu’il puisse y avoir une
Europe avec la Turquie integree, et sans l’Armenie ?

L. F. : L’Europe ne pouvant pas avoir une extension indefinie, il est
preferable d’avoir des partenariats, et bien evidemment, l’Armenie
doit en faire partie. Permettez-moi de revenir sur cet aspect très
important, le genocide armenien. Je pense qu’il n’est pas possible
d’entrer dans des discussions approfondies – permettant de deboucher y
compris sur la solution du partenariat – sans que cette question n’ait
ete clarifiee et reglee. Les dernières declarations officielles que
j’ai lues de la part du gouvernement turc sur ce sujet ne marquent
pas d’inflexion. Cela me preoccupe gravement et inquiète beaucoup,
je le sais, de nombreux amis armeniens ou d’origine armenienne.