La sauvegarde du patrimoine de l’Arménie doit être une priorité

La Libre, Belgique
16 dec 2020

Opinions

Contribution externe

Publié le 16-12-20 à 11h39 – Mis à jour le 16-12-20 à 11h39

Lorsque nous sommes entrés en pleine guerre à Stepanakert, capitale du Haut-Karabakh, un mouchoir de terre dans le Caucase du Sud disputé entre l’Arménie et l’Azerbaïdjan, les signes de la bataille qui faisait rage étaient partout. Nous avons visité les maisons détruites de civils, des écoles bombardées et nous avons dû passer les nuits dans des abris antiaériens pour éviter les bombardements nocturnes des redoutables drones azerbaïdjanais.

Ces mêmes drones que nous avons retrouvés au front, en courant d’une tranchée à l’autre tout en gardant la tête baissée, nous devions respecter une distance de quelques mètres les uns des autres, non pas pour se plier à certaines règles imposées par le Covid-19, mais pour éviter de devenir la cible privilégiée des Bayraktar, ces drones de fabrication turque qui décimaient l’armée arménienne depuis le début du conflit.

Et le bourdonnement de ces drones était la seule chose plus terrifiante que le tonnerre de l’artillerie azerbaïdjanaise lui-même qui s’approchait de nos positions. D’ailleurs, même dans les véhicules qui nous emmenaient d’une ligne de front à l’autre, nous devions tendre l’oreille, la fenêtre toujours ouverte, afin d’être prêts à nous catapulter hors de la voiture au premier bourdonnement du drone ou de la sirène qui sonnait fatalement pour avertir toute la population d’un éventuel bombardement qui arrivait.

La guerre, qui a de nouveau éclaté le 27 septembre, a duré six semaines et a fait environ 5 000 morts et 8 000 blessés. Mais le conflit entre l’Arménie et l’Azerbaïdjan a des racines beaucoup plus lointaines et se poursuit depuis le début des années 1990, lorsque, à la suite de la dissolution de l’Union soviétique, les deux nouvelles républiques indépendantes se sont affrontées pour le contrôle d’un territoire qu’elles considèrent toutes deux comme le berceau de leur civilisation et qui, bien qu’habité principalement par des Arméniens, se trouvait de jure à l’intérieur des frontières de l’Azerbaïdjan.

Mais la fin de la guerre ne signifie pas le début de la paix. L’accord de paix voulu par Moscou et signé dans la nuit du 9 au 10 novembre est une véritable capitulation pour l’Arménie. Les Arméniens vont maintenant devoir laisser une grande partie de l’Artsakh, comme ils appellent le Haut-Karabakh, la région qui, au IVe siècle, est devenue le premier royaume chrétien de l’histoire. Ils devront surtout quitter Chouchi, une ville symbolique surnommée la Jérusalem arménienne, dont la cathédrale a été bombardée par les Azéris durant les premiers jours du conflit. Les soldats arméniens n’ont rien pu faire contre l’armée azerbaïdjanaise, les milliers de miliciens djihadistes soutenus par la Turquie et le soutien politique et militaire d’Ankara, le meilleur allié de Bakou. C’est d’ailleurs la Turquie qui a remporté une grande victoire géopolitique depuis l’accord de paix. En effet, celui-ci contient une clause, peu discutée par les médias, qui prévoit l’établissement d’un couloir entre l’Azerbaïdjan et l’enclave azerbaïdjanaise du Nakhitchevan à la frontière avec la Turquie, par lequel Erdogan obtient l’accès à la mer Caspienne et à ses ressources énergétiques en passant uniquement par l’Azerbaïdjan, son plus fidèle allié.

En ce moment même, les Arméniens du Haut-Karabakh, les femmes, les personnes âgées, les enfants font la queue dans leurs voitures. Ils s’enfuient en emportant avec eux avec tout ce qu’ils peuvent. Certains emportent même les cercueils de leurs proches, rapidement ficelés sur les toits de leur voiture. Ils ont perdu la guerre et ne veulent perdre rien d’autre. Les maisons sont brûlées par leurs propriétaires qui doivent les laisser derrière eux pour ne pas les offrir à l’ennemi.

Mais quitter ces terres signifie aussi abandonner les églises, les monastères, les basiliques chrétiennes. Cela signifie abandonner des lieux sacrés et symboliques tels que la cathédrale de Chouchi, symbole de l’Église apostolique arménienne, le monastère de Dadivank, dont la chapelle du Ier siècle a été construite par les pères du christianisme venus de Syrie. Cela signifie laisser derrière soi les vestiges de la ville forteresse de Tigranakert érigée au Ier siècle avant J.-C. pour défendre les frontières orientales ou le sanctuaire de Martuni d’où les moines du Ve siècle ont commencé à répandre l’alphabet arménien.

Mais aujourd’hui, ce patrimoine culturel est en danger. Comme le soulignent les historiens et les universitaires, après la conquête de la région du Nakhitchevan par l’Azerbaïdjan, une région démographiquement très peuplée, 89 églises et 10 000 croix de pierre, les fameuses khachkar, ont été détruites. Il ne reste aucune trace d’une présence arménienne millénaire dans cette région. Tout cela risque de se répéter à nouveau sur un territoire encore plus vaste. Malgré le déploiement des forces de maintien de la paix russes, il existe un risque réel que la présence physique et culturelle millénaire du Haut-Karabakh soit anéantie à jamais comme elle l’a été en Turquie après le génocide de 1915.

L’effacement de la mémoire historique est – malheureusement – courant chez les forces gagnantes de la guerre. La sauvegarde du patrimoine artistique, culturel et religieux de l’Arménie doit être une priorité pour tous. Il serait souhaitable que, pour pallier l’absence de tout signe de solidarité européenne avec l’Arménie, ce rôle soit repris par l’Union européenne qui, en coopération avec l’Unesco, pourrait mettre en place une mission de suivi de la situation au Haut-Karabakh et éviter ainsi un redoutable “génocide culturel”.



RFE/RL Armenian Report – 12/15/2020

                                        Tuesday, 
Anti-Government Protests Continue In Armenia
        • Sargis Harutyunyan
        • Astghik Bedevian
Armenia -- Opposition supporters demonstrate in Yerevan to demand Prime Minister 
Nikol Pashinian's resignation, .
A coalition of more than a dozen Armenian opposition parties vowed to force 
Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian to resign soon as thousands of its supporters 
continued to demonstrate in Yerevan on Tuesday.
It sought to step up the pressure on Pashinian in the face of his continuing 
refusal to hand over power to an interim government following the war in 
Nagorno-Karabakh.
“We have been growing in number for the last several days and our ranks are 
joined by more and more decent people,” Artur Vanetsian, the leader of one of 
the parties making up the Homeland Salvation Movement, told the crowd marching 
through the city center.
“Together we will very quickly drive Nikol, who is clinging to power, out of the 
government building and he will be held accountable before the Armenian nation,” 
said the former director of the country’s National Security Service.
Ishkhan Saghatelian of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Dashnaktsutyun), 
another key member of the opposition grouping, said the protests will continue 
on a daily basis and end in success soon.
“These demonstrations are multiplying our power and more people are joining us 
every day,” he claimed. “As a result of these actions, we will set the stage for 
Nikol’s departure in the coming days. The New Year without Nikol!”
Armenia -- Opposition supporters demonstrate in Yerevan to demand Prime Minister 
Nikol Pashinian's resignation, .
The opposition forces hold Pashinian responsible for the Armenian side’s defeat 
in the war with Azerbaijan and say he is not capable of confronting new security 
challenges facing the country. Their demands for his resignation, the formation 
of an interim government and conduct of fresh parliamentary elections within a 
year have been backed by President Armen Sarkissian, the Armenian Apostolic 
Church and prominent public figures in Armenia and its worldwide Diasapora.
Pashinian has rejected these demands. In a televised address to the nation aired 
on Monday, he insisted that he still has a mandate to govern the country and 
will quit only in case of a democratic “expression of the people’s will.”
Pashinian met on Tuesday with parliament deputies representing his My Step bloc. 
Participants of the two-hour meeting said it focused on the current situation in 
the Karabakh conflict zone and the ruling political team’s plans to amend the 
Armenian Electoral Code.
One of the pro-government lawmakers, Nazeli Baghdasarian, told reporters that 
the authorities “do not rule out pre-term elections.” But she would not be drawn 
on when they might be held.
Baghdasarian also claimed that the opposition does not want the polls to be held 
soon because it would stand no chance of winning them.
Freed Captives Examined By Doctors
        • Marine Khachatrian
Armenia - Captives freed by Azerbaijan walk off a Russian plane at Yerevan's 
Erebuni airport, 
Doctors in Yerevan were examining on Tuesday the first group of Armenian 
soldiers and civilians freed by Azerbaijan in a prisoner swap facilitated by 
Russia.
The 30 prisoners of war (POWs) and 14 civilian captives, most of them residents 
of Nagorno-Karabakh, were flown to Yerevan by a Russian plane late on Monday. 
For its part, the Armenian side released 12 Azerbaijani prisoners.
All of the freed Armenians were hospitalized immediately after their 
repatriation. According to the Armenian Ministry of Health, the civilians were 
taken to civilian hospitals in Yerevan to undergo thorough checkups and, if 
necessary, receive medical treatment.
Officials confirmed that some of the 44 soldiers and civilians were captured by 
the Azerbaijani side before the recent Karabakh war stopped by a 
Russian-brokered ceasefire. One of those servicemen, Arayik Ghazarian, was taken 
prisoner after straying into Azerbaijani territory in August 2019.
Ghazarian’s mother was among relatives of the freed POWs who waited outside a 
military hospital where the latter were examined by doctors.
“They were giving me hope, saying that if there is a prisoner swap Arayik will 
definitely come back because Azerbaijan did not bring criminal charges against 
him,” she told RFE/RL’s Armenian Service.
The November 10 truce agreement commits the conflicting sides to exchanging all 
POWs and other captives held by them. Deputy Prime Minister Tigran Avinian spoke 
on Monday of “intensive” efforts to secure the release of other Armenians 
remaining in Azerbaijani captivity.
Their precise number remains unclear. Armenian official say only that Azerbaijan 
has admitted holding fewer Armenian POWs than were captured by it during the 
six-week war.
“Some of the prisoners have been returned home but a large number of others 
remain in Azerbaijan,” said Artak Zeynalian, a human rights lawyer representing 
the families of dozens of POWs.
Armenian Central Bank Raises Key Interest Rate
Armenia -- The governing board of the Central Bank meets in Dilijan, January 1, 
2017.
The Central Bank of Armenia (CBA) raised its main interest rate by 1 percentage 
point on Tuesday following a major depreciation of the national currency, the 
dram.
The CBA’s governing board increased the refinancing rate to 5.25 percent from 
4.25 percent despite anticipating a sharper contraction of the Armenian economy 
than was projected earlier this year.
The bank cut the benchmark rate for four times between March and September this 
year as the economy plunged into recession due to the coronavirus pandemic. 
During the most recent rate cut it forecast a GDP decline of 6.2 percent.
Armenia’s economic outlook worsened further following the ensuing outbreak of 
the war in Nagorno-Karabakh stopped by a Russian-brokered ceasefire on November 
10. The domestic economy is now projected to shrink by more than 7 percent in 
2020.
The Armenian dram has weakened against the U.S. dollar by almost 6 percent over 
the past month. Its exchange rate had been largely stable since 2013.
The CBA board did not mention the dram’s depreciation in a statement explaining 
the interest rate rise. The statement cited instead what it described as 
increased inflationary pressures on the Armenian economy emanating from the 
outside world.
Senior Central Bank officials downplayed the exchange rate fluctuations earlier 
this month. They said the bank’s key concern is to continue to curb inflation.
The weaker dram has already pushed up the prices of some key imported foodstuffs 
such as flour, sugar and cooking oil.
The International Monetary Fund praised the CBA’s monetary policy when it 
approved a $37 million loan tranche to Armenia late last week. At the same time 
it urged the bank to be ready to “adjust” that policy while maintaining 
“exchange rate flexibility.”
Another Provincial Governor To Resign
        • Karine Simonian
Armenia -- Lori Governor Andrey Ghukasian.
The governor of Armenia’s northern Lori province said on Tuesday that he will 
step down because of a decision to replace him made by the country’s political 
leadership.
“After the political decision made within the [ruling] team I was offered to 
tender my resignation,” Andrei Ghukasian told RFE/RL’s Armenian Service. “I 
accepted the decision and am going to resign tomorrow.”
“After the resignation I will stay in the team and fully support the 
government,” he said, adding that he has already received new job offers but 
wants to “take a little break for having a rest.”
Ghukasian linked the decision to replace him with ongoing “changes” taking place 
in Armenia but did not elaborate. He said he is likely to be replaced by another 
member of Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian’s political team.
Last week, a pro-government lawmaker representing a Lori constituency resigned 
from the National Assembly, saying that he will soon take up a position in the 
executive branch. The lawmaker, Aram Khachatrian, on Tuesday did not deny or 
confirm his impending appointment as Lori’s new governor.
Ghukasian has run the region bordering Georgia for the last two years. He is the 
third provincial governor replaced since a Russian-brokered ceasefire that 
stopped the war in Nagorno-Karabakh on November 10.
The Armenian side’s defeat in the war sparked opposition protests and growing 
calls for Pashinian’s resignation. The prime minister has refused to quit so 
far, pledging instead to reshuffle his cabinet. He has replaced six government 
ministers over the past month.
Armenia, Azerbaijan Begin Prisoner Swap
NAGORNO-KARABAKH -- Armored vehicles of Russian peacekeepers move along the road 
towards Agdam from their check point outside Askeran, November 20, 2020
Armenia and Azerbaijan exchanged on Monday the first groups of prisoners under a 
Russian-brokered deal that stopped the war in Nagorno-Karabakh last month.
Armenian officials said a Russian plane carrying 44 Armenian prisoners landed at 
Yerevan’s Erebuni airport late in the evening. It was not immediately clear if 
the group included only soldiers or also Karabakh Armenian civilians that were 
held in Azerbaijani captivity.
“Additional information about the returned prisoners will be provided later on,” 
Deputy Prime Minister Tigran Avinian said in a Facebook post that announced the 
start of the prisoner swap.
“The process of finding and repatriating our other compatriots who went missing 
or were possibly taken prisoner is continuing intensively,” he said.
An Azerbaijani government agency announced the start of the exchange earlier in 
the day. It did not say how many Azerbaijanis have been returned home.
According to news reports, the Armenian side freed two Azerbaijani men who were 
detained in 2014 after crossing into the Kelbajar district which was handed back 
to Azerbaijan late last month. The men subsequently received long prison 
sentences after being convicted by a Karabakh court of murdering an Armenian 
teenager.
The November 10 truce agreement calls for the exchange of all prisoners of war 
(POWs) and civilians held by the conflicting sides.
Armenia’s and Karabakh’s closely integrated armed forces have not yet given the 
official number of Armenian POWs. According to officials in Yerevan and 
Stepanakert, Azerbaijan has admitted holding fewer Armenian soldiers than were 
captured by it during the six-week war.
Karabakh’s human rights ombudsman said earlier this month that his office has 
identified about 60 Armenian POWs shown in videos widely circulated on 
Azerbaijani social media accounts.
Reprinted on ANN/Armenian News with permission from RFE/RL
Copyright (c) 2020 Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty, Inc.
1201 Connecticut Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20036.
 

Armenian, Azerbaijani and Russian military negotiating the return to the former positions in Hadrut region

Public Radio of Armenia
Dec 13 2020

The Armenian, Azerbaijani and Russian military are negotiating the return to the former positions in Hadrut region, after the Azerbaijani forces attacked to villages on December 12, the Armenian Ministry of Defense reports.

On December 12, units of the Azerbaijani Armed Forces, mobilizing additional personnel, military equipment, including heavy artillery, launched an attack on the villages of Hin Tagher and Khtsaberd in the Hadrut region of the Artsakh Republic, in violation of the requirements of the trilateral declaration signed on November 9, the Ministry said.

As a result of several hours of fighting, the enemy managed to enter the village of Hin Tagher, and approach the village of Khtsaberd.

Six Armenians were wounded as a result of the provocation, casualties on the Azerbaijani side are reported.

“The Ministry of Defense of Armenia strongly condemns the provocation carried out by the Azerbaijani armed forces. The current situation, which has nothing to do with the key demand of the statement signed by the Presidents of Armenia, Russia and Azerbaijan – the cessation of hostilities – endangers the fragile peace achieved through the direct efforts of the Russian President,” the Defense Ministry said in a statement.

It added that “the actions of the Azerbaijani side immediately became a subject of discussion with the leadership of the Russian peacekeeping contingent stationed in Artsakh.”

Minister of Defense Vagharshak Harutyunyan, who is in the Russian Federation on a working visit, discussed the issue during a meeting with Russian Defense Minister Sergey Shoigu.

The Ministry added that negotiations between Armenian, Russian and Azerbaijani servicemen are under way to resolve the situation in Hadrut and ensure the return of the parties to their former positions. Additional information will be provided on further developments in the situation.



Turkish Press: Azerbaijan rejects French Senate’s Karabakh decision

Anadolu Agency, Turkey
Dec 4 2020
Azerbaijan rejects French Senate’s Karabakh decision

Ruslan Rehimov   | 04.12.2020

BAKU, Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan in a diplomatic note on Friday protested the French National Assembly’s approval of a resolution on Karabakh on Thursday.

Azerbaijan’s Foreign Ministry summoned French Ambassador to Baku Zacharie Gross, and gave him a diplomatic note on the Senate’s decision, the ministry said in a statement.

The decision is against international norms, principles, and law as well as relevant UN resolutions, the ministry noted, adding that Azerbaijan strongly objected to the decision.

On Nov. 26, Azerbaijan’s Foreign Ministry had given another diplomatic note to the French envoy over the so-called resolution which urged the recognition of Nagorno-Karabakh as “a republic”.

Relations between the former Soviet republics have been tense since 1991 when the Armenian military occupied Nagorno-Karabakh, also known as Upper Karabakh, a territory recognized as part of Azerbaijan, and seven adjacent regions.

When new clashes erupted Sept. 27, the Armenian army launched attacks on civilians and Azerbaijani forces and violated several humanitarian cease-fire agreements.

During the conflict, Azerbaijan liberated several cities and nearly 300 settlements and villages from the Armenian occupation.

The two countries signed a Russian-brokered agreement Nov. 10 to end fighting and work toward a comprehensive resolution.

The truce is seen as a victory for Azerbaijan and a defeat for Armenia, whose armed forces have been withdrawing in line with the agreement.

*Writing by Burak Bir

Sports: Armenia to face Germany, Romania in 2022 FIFA World Cup Qualifiers

Public Radio of Armenia
Dec 7 2020
Armenia to face Germany, Romania in 2022 FIFA World Cup Qualifiers

Armenia will face Germany, Romania, Iceland, North Macedonia, Liechtenstein in Group J of the World Cup Qualifiers for Qatar 2022.

The first of each group will qualify for the 2022 World Cup, plus the three winners of the play-offs between the runners-up of all the groups and the two best winners of the Nations League groups out of the qualifiers.

World Cup 2022 Qualifiers

Group A: Portugal, Serbia, Rep of Ireland, Luxembourg, Azerbaijan

Group B: Spain, Sweden, Greece, Georgia, Kosovo

Group C: Italy, Switzerland, Northern Ireland, Bulgaria, Lithuania

Group D: France, Ukraine, Finland, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Kazakhstan

Group E: Belgium, Wales, Czech Republic, Belarus, Estonia

Group F: Denmark, Austria, Scotland, Israel, Faroe Islands, Moldova

Group G: Holland, Turkey, Norway, Montenegro, Latvia, Gibraltar

Group H:Croatia, Slovakia, Russia, Slovenia, Cyprus, Malta

Group I: England, Poland, Hungary, Albania, Andorra, San Marino

Group J: Germany, Romania, Iceland, North Macedonia, Armenia, Liechtenstein


Search operations for bodies of killed servicemen underway in Hadrut and Fizuli directions

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 11:33, 7 December, 2020

STEPANAKERT, DECEMBER 7, ARMENPRESS. Rescuers of the State Emergency Service of Artsakh continue search operations for the bodies of the servicemen killed in action.

Since November 13 the rescue squads and demining groups of Artsakh have been participating in the main search operations under the mediation of the International Committee of Red Cross (ICRC) and the Russian peacekeeping troops.

“Director of the State Emergency Service of Artsakh Karen Sargsyan is meeting with the parents of killed, missing or captured servicemen every day. They are discussing the results of the search operations, exchange views and accept mutual proposals.

The search operations for the bodies of the killed servicemen and their exchange have almost been completed in Shushi and Martakert directions, the search operations in the communities near the town of Martuni, the upper region of Askeran, as well as in the directions of Hadrut and Fizuli are underway.

After the negotiation of the sides, the search operations will soon continue in the southern section of Hadrut, Mekhakavan and other settlements which have come under the Azerbaijani control”, the statement says.

Edited and translated by Aneta Harutyunyan

Russia’s Lavrov says sees conditions for making South Caucasus a region of stability and prosperity

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 15:21, 7 December, 2020

YEREVAN, DECEMBER 7, ARMENPRESS. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov sees preconditions for turning the South Caucasus from a zone of disagreements into a region of stability and prosperity.

“We are yet getting out of the heated phase of the Nagorno Karabakh conflict. I would like to highlight the importance of the joint statement signed by the Prime Minister of Armenia, the President of Russia and the Azerbaijani President which stopped the war, ensured agreements which enable the refugees to return to their homes, unblock all economic and transportation routes. We can turn the South Caucasus from a region of disagreements into a region of stability and prosperity for all nations living there. We will assist with all means in this process”, the Russian FM said in an extended format meeting in Moscow attended by Foreign Minister of Armenia Ara Aivazian.

He offered his condolences over the 32nd anniversary of the earthquake in Armenia’s Spitak town.

“The selection of my first visit at this level is in full accordance with the spirit of the Armenian-Russian relations which are based on deep ties, centuries-old friendship and traditions between our brotherly nations. I want to thank Russia and you in particular for the efforts on ceasing the fire in the large-scale war which was unleashed by Azerbaijan against Artsakh in late September this year with the participation of Turkey and mercenary-terrorists from the Middle East”, the Armenian FM said at the meeting.

The Armenian FM also touched upon the importance of preserving the Armenian religious monuments in Nagorno Karabakh which have come under the Azerbaijani control.

Edited and Translated by Aneta Harutyunyan

Armenians say Turkey is bigger threat than Azerbaijan – survey

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 12:53, 4 December, 2020

YEREVAN, DECEMBER 4, ARMENPRESS. Armenians find Turkey to be a greater threat than Azerbaijan for the security of Armenia, a survey showed.

“We’ve asked citizens what country or countries pose a threat to the security of the Republic of Armenia. 86,5% said Turkey, 70,9% said Azerbaijan,” Arman Navasardyan, the Director of MPG LLC –  a full member of GALLUP International Association in Armenia told a news conference on December 4.

He said that very few respondents mentioned other countries.

The survey also asked the respondents whether or not they believe that today Armenia is safer from an external attack than it was before the Second Nagorno Karabakh War. “15,4% said it is definitely safe, 19,5 said it is rather safe, 18,9% said it is rather not, while 38,2% said it isn’t safe at all,” Navasardyan said. 8,1% of the respondents didn’t give an answer.

Editing and Translating by Stepan Kocharyan

Armenian President Calls on The Cabinet to Resign in Light of The Karabakh Deal

Al-Bawaba
Nov 30 2020
Published November 30th, 2020 – 06:13 GMT
Highlights
Government that led to ‘great tragedy’ has to resign, early elections should be held, says Armen Sarkissian,

Armenia’s president said Sunday that the government should resign, new elections should be held within a year at the latest and an interim government of national accord should be formed, preferably a technocratic one.

Armen Sarkissian also criticized the Armenian government during his meeting with representatives of the Armenian community in Russia.

He described Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan’s signing of a cease-fire agreement with Azerbaijan on the Nagorno-Karabakh issue and the withdrawal of Armenians from Karabakh as a “great tragedy.”

“There is a solution in any country where such a great tragedy has occurred. The government that led to this has to go,” he said.

He pointed out that the situation in Armenia was very different from two years ago when elections were held and proposed the establishment of a provisional national unity government and early elections.

Suggesting that a technocratic government be established on which all parties will agree, Sarkissian said this government could work for six months or a one-year period and lead the country to early elections.

Referendum on Constitutional amendment

Sargsyan also said that a constitutional referendum needed to be organized before the new elections to amend the constitution.

Claiming that the president or the prime minister should not make important decisions for the country alone in Armenia, Sarkissian said “the Constitution is not balanced at all in our country. There should be a balance between the Parliament, the government, and the Presidency.”

He also emphasized that the country’s president should be elected by popular vote, not by the parliament as it is now.

In 2018, Pashinyan rose to prominence as the leader of widespread demonstrations across the country against the political establishment, demanding a more democratic Armenia and an end to corruption.

He was elected prime minister by the parliament after the bloc he led received 70.4% of the vote in elections held in December 2018.

What happened in Karabakh?

Relations between the former Soviet republics of Azerbaijan and Armenia have been tense since 1991 when the Armenian military occupied Nagorno-Karabakh, also known as Upper Karabakh, a territory recognized as part of Azerbaijan, and seven adjacent regions.

New clashes erupted on Sept. 27 and ended with a Russian-brokered truce six weeks later.

The Armenian army launched attacks on civilians and Azerbaijani forces and violated three humanitarian cease-fire agreements during the 44-day conflict.

After nearly 30 years, Azerbaijan managed to liberate its territories from illegal Armenian occupation, while Armenia was defeated and had to sign a cease-fire agreement with Azerbaijan that put an end to the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh on Nov.10.

Pashinyan said he had signed an “unspeakably painful” deal which allowed Azerbaijan to claim control over regions it took back in the fighting.

While Azerbaijan liberated several cities and nearly 300 settlements and villages amid the heavy fighting, Armenians are also handing over other territories under the deal, which is being monitored by both Russia and Turkey.

This article has been adapted from its original source.

Ombudsman: Authorities have to explain specific developments envisaged in connection with Armenian borders

Panorama, Armenia
Nov 28 2020

The Armenian authorities have to explain in detail what specific developments or solutions are envisaged in connection with the country’s borders after the war, Human Rights Defender (Ombudsman) Arman Tatoyan said.

“And they should do it not because they have to neutralize the impacts of the unexpected developments concerning the security of our country, or to calm public anger over these unexpected developments,” he wrote on Facebook.

“Eventually, we need to realize that we are dealing with the defense of our state, the physical security and safety of our people and each person.

“You should not keep the public in uncertainty, create alarming conditions for people, and especially for residents of bordering villages, thus violating their mental immunity and keeping people in constant tension.

“These are the direct obligations of the state, the positive obligations towards every person,” the ombudsman added.