PM Pashinyan calls on public to follow preventive methods to keep Armenia coronavirus-free

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YEREVAN, FEBRUARY 28, ARMENPRESS. Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan has shared on social media a Ministry of Healthcare poster on how to prevent the novel coronavirus (COVID-2019).

“So far there haven’t been any cases of the novel coronavirus in Armenia. And if you follow all the rules in this poster, no cases will happen. Please, share it as much as possible,” Pashinyan wrote on his Facebook page.

The poster includes methods of protection from the virus, such as : taking notice of a given county’s epidemiological situation when planning a trip,  regularly and thoroughly cleaning hands with an alcohol-based hand rub or washing them with soap and water, avoiding contact with anyone having flu-like symptoms or wearing masks while doing so, practicing respiratory hygiene – covering with a tissue the nose and mouth while sneezing and coughing and disposing the tissue afterwards, contacting a doctor in the event of experiencing flu-like symptoms.

So far, no cases of the COVID-2019 were recorded in Armenia. 

Earlier on February 25, Armenia announced a partial closure of its border with Iran as the Islamic Republic was reporting cases of the virus. 

Edited and translated by Stepan Kocharyan




Asbarez: Coalition of Community Organizations Hosts ‘The 30 Year Genocide’ Co-Author at L.A. City Hall


LOS ANGELES—The Philos Project, Armenian National Committee of America – Western Region, Assyrian American Association of Southern California, American Hellenic Council, and Councilmember Paul Krekorian hosted renowned Israeli professor Benny Morris to present his groundbreaking book “The Thirty-Year Genocide: Turkey’s Destruction of its Christian Minorities.”

Professor Morris’ research is the first of its kind to frame the genocide of the Ottoman Empire’s indigenous Christian minorities as a continual process from 1894 to 1924. Where scholarship on the Armenian, Assyrian, and Greek genocide has tended to examine the act of genocide in isolation, Morris’ research has synthesized the narratives of Christian persecution in the Ottoman Empire – from the Hamidian Massacres to Ataturk’s establishment of the Republic of Turkey – to demonstrate how genocide had been institutionalized over the span of three decades.

A former professor at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and Goldman Visiting Israeli Professor in Georgetown’s Department of Government, Professor Morris has led a distinguished career in academia, where he has been recognized for his work on the Arab-Israeli and Israeli-Palestinian conflicts.

The discussion with Professor Morris, which was hosted in the Tom Bradley room of Los Angeles City Hall, was moderated by Robert Nicholson, Founder and Executive Director of the Philos Project. Nicholson founded Philos in 2014 to promote positive engagement in the Middle East amongst Christian leaders to advance freedom and justice on the ground.

Professor Benny Morris

The event brought together members of Southern California’s Armenian, Greek, Assyrian, and Jewish communities on the heels of the historic recognition of the Armenian, Greek, and Assyrian genocides by the U.S. House and Senate last year.

“With the momentous victory of genocide recognition by Congress as a matter of official U.S. policy, this timely event sought to unite our communities together in both the solemn remembrance of this dark chapter in history and a commitment to ensuring this great crime will never be repeated,” said Armen Sahakyan, Executive Director of the ANCA Western Region. “In examining the systemic factors that informed the Ottoman-era genocides, and examining genocide not as an isolated incident, but a continuous and institutionalized process, we are able to better equip ourselves in identifying and combatting contemporary cases of genocide.”

“Author Benny Morris’s presentation was a powerful, meticulous, and enlightening discussion of the hidden genocide of Turkey’s Christian minorities between 1894 and 1924. Never before has an author presented this as a “Christian Genocide” of Armenians, Greeks, and Assyrian communities. Historically accurate and factually presented, the book and Benny Morris’s presentation chronicles the organized destruction of all three communities from Ottoman Sultans to modern Turkey,” said AHC President, Dr. James F. Dimitrou. “Furthermore, this historic event highlights our new coalition with the determination to work together to counter continued Turkish propaganda that denies the destruction of all three Christian Communities. Together we finally will proclaim the truth! Together we will challenge the dangerous Turkish positions. Together we will work through a new coalition of truth and justice,” he concluded.

“Events like last Monday’s insightful talk by Benny Morris serve as the most recent example of cross-community efforts with our Armenian and Greek brothers and sisters,” said Peter Warda, President of the Assyrian American Association of Southern California. “We cannot stress how invaluable it is to have a collective voice in solidarity with communities affected by genocide and persecution, thereby speaking truth to power through education, awareness, and advocacy initiatives.”

A scene from the book presentation

“A few people ask me why we hosted an event about something that happened a hundred years ago,” said Philos Founder and President Robert Nicholson. “I give two reasons. First, any future American engagement in the Near East must begin by understanding what happened in the past. Second, the spirit that gave rise to the Turkish genocide still haunts the region and must be confronted by a coalition of peoples and faiths who believe that Jews, Christians, and Muslims belong there,” he added.

“It is entirely fitting that two Israeli Jews, Benny Morris and Dror Ze’evi, produced such groundbreaking scholarship on a Christian catastrophe. Through their research – and their mere existence as fellow Near Eastern minorities – they prove that goodwill between different religious communities is not only possible but already present,” concluded Nicholson.

In attendance included Los Angeles Deputy Mayor Amb. Nina Hachigian, representatives from the offices of California State Senator Anthony Portantino and Assemblymember Laura Friedman, the inaugural Chair of Modern Armenian Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles Professor Richard Hovannissian, and others.

The event – emceed by Juliana Taimoorazy – was formally opened by the representatives of each of the partner organizations, including the President of the American Hellenic Council Dr. James F Dimitriou, the newly-minted President of the Assyrian American Association of Southern California Peter Warda, and the ANCA Western Region Executive Director Armen Sahakyan.

The Philos Project is a dynamic leadership community dedicated to promoting positive Christian engagement in the Middle East. This community is centered on a growing network of city-based chapters located in North America and around the world. Philos equips a new generation of Western Christians to support friends in the region who share our vision for pluralism. They offer educational resources, immersive travel programs, and networking and advocacy opportunities that help Christian leaders understand and engage with important Middle East issues and support innovative projects that help advance liberty and justice on the ground.

The Armenian National Committee of America – Western Region is the largest and most influential nonpartisan Armenian American grassroots advocacy organization in the Western United States. Working in coordination with a network of offices, chapters, and supporters throughout the Western United States and affiliated organizations around the country, the ANCA-WR advances the concerns of the Armenian American community on a broad range of issues in pursuit of the Armenian Cause.

The American Hellenic Council is a non-partisan political advocacy organization. Our goal is to promote democracy, human rights, peace, and stability in Southern Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean, with an emphasis on Greece and Cyprus, by informing the American public and the government about on-going issues and conflicts in the area.

Founded in 1964, The Assyrian American Association of Southern California is a nonpartisan organization whose broad mission is to serve and advance the Assyrian-American community by concentrating on a wide spectrum of areas such as cultural and linguistic identity, public/governmental outreach and advocacy, education, arts/literature, youth services, and many others.

Asbarez: Houri Berberian to Lecture on ‘Roving Revolutionaries’ at Fresno State


Dr. Houri Berberian

FRESNO—“Roving Revolutionaries: Armenians and the Connected Revolutions in the Russian, Iranian, and Ottoman Worlds” will be the topic of discussion during Dr. Houri Berberian’s presentation at California State University, Fresno. The talk will be held on Wednesday, March 18 at 7:30 p.m. in the University Business Center, Alice Peters Auditorium, on the Fresno State campus, located at 5241 N Maple Ave, Fresno, CA 93740. Dr. Berberian is Professor of History, Meghrouni Family Presidential Chair in Armenian Studies, and Director of the Program in Armenian Studies at the University of California, Irvine.

The presentation is part of the Spring 2020 Lecture Series of the Armenian Studies Program and is supported by the Leon S. Peters Foundation.

Three of the formative revolutions that shook the early 20th century world occurred almost simultaneously in regions bordering each other. Though the Russian, Iranian, and Young Turk Revolutions all exploded between 1904 and 1911, they have never been studied through their linkages until now. “Roving Revolutionaries” probes the interconnected aspects of these three revolutions through the involvement of the Armenian revolutionaries – minorities in all of these empires – whose movements and participation within and across frontiers tell us a great deal about the global transformations that were taking shape. Exploring the geographical and ideological boundary crossings that occurred, this archivally grounded analysis of the circulation of revolutionaries, ideas, and print tells the story of peoples and ideologies in upheaval and collaborating with each other, and in so doing it illuminates our understanding of revolutions and movements.

Houri Berberian’s “Roving Revolutionaries: Armenians and the Connected Revolutions in the Russian, Iranian, and Ottoman Worlds”

Dr. Houri Berberian is the author of a number of articles and two books, “Armenians and the Iranian Constitutional Revolution of 1905-1911: The Love for Freedom Has No Fatherland” and, most recently, “Roving Revolutionaries: Armenians and Connected Revolutions in the Russian, Iranian, and Ottoman Worlds” (UC Press, 2019).

The lecture is free and open to the public. Free parking is available in Fresno State Lots P6 and P5, near the University Business Center, Fresno State. Parking permits are required, and a free parking code can be obtained from the Armenian Studies Program. Copies of “Roving Revolutionaries” will be available for purchase at the presentation.

For more information about the lecture please contact the Armenian Studies Program at 559.278.2669, visit Fresno State’s Armenian Studies Program website or visit their Facebook page at @ArmenianStudiesFresnoState.

Mitch Kehetian: A Patriot with Boundless Prestige


Mitch Kehetian

BY HARRY DERDERIAN
From the Armenian Weekly

Mitch Kehetian. For so many, and for so many years, the name has meaning: whether you were in, or are in journalism circles in Greater Detroit, a member of the Detroit Armenian community, or read any of the Armenian papers. More people knew Mitch than he actually knew face to face.

For decades, his writings spoke volumes; his convictions were clear. A number of readers, over many years, knew Mitch and his sense of the truth and what was right not only for his Greater Detroit newspaper community, but for the Armenian cause. Mitch’s work was broadly respected. His crystal clear thinking reflected a keen mind and transparency; his opinion was sought.

A sense of responsibility, accountability, and of American and Armenian patriotism underlined the profession and thinking of this Wayne State University graduate.

Mitch was and will be remembered as a renowned journalist and editor and a spirited American patriot. His commentary in Detroit area newspapers carried meaning and respect; his many years of articles in Armenian press reflected his proud sense of being an Armenian patriot.

His last column for the Armenian Weekly—after many decades of contributions—was printed in July 2019. The subject was the historical Detroit Armenian neighborhood from years back: Delray. What else!

In the community, Mitch was a leader in the formation of the Nor Keghi Association, a gathering of spirited community members from that ancestral region who raise funds to benefit the schoolchildren of Nor Keghi. He also assisted on many April 24 committees in preparing materials for the media. To many, Mitch’s William Saroyan “look alike” was uncanny.

Mitch’s book “Giants of the Earth”—a journal about family and history in the Keghi region and historic Armenia—was an extension of his soul, a yearning to fully and physically embrace his roots, his “search” for his father’s sister while walking the land of his father and family.

When discussing the genocide or speaking of Armenia’s independence, Mitch’s voice would reflect conviction. The twinkle in his blue eyes would reflect passion.

Quiet and unassuming in nature, Mitch’s powerful heart and energy were devoted to his “four angels”: wife Rose, daughters Grace, Janet, and Karen; cherished grandchildren Melanie, Stephen, John, and Michael; his deceased brother Nash’s daughter Sharon and family (Broglin) who became very meaningful to Mitch, and to the Armenian Cause.

Mitch started his newspaper career as a copy boy in 1953—moving quickly to reporter—with the Detroit Times and was with the paper until its demise in 1960.

Kehetian joined the ranks of retirement on November 18, 2005 from the Macomb Daily, a suburban Detroit daily newspaper where he served as editorial page editor. Previously he held posts of city editor, managing editor, and editor-in-chief with the paper.

Previously, Mitch held reporting and editorial posts with the Columbus, Ohio Citizen-Journal, Daily Eagle (Western Wayne County – Michigan), and East Side Newspapers-Community News in Detroit.

From his 2005 retirement to the end of 2019, he wrote op-ed pieces for the Macomb Daily. This is not bestowed on many who retire from journalism. Mitch had become an institution, a pillar of credibility. “I love Macomb County,” he would say with that “Mitch twinkle” in his eyes.

Truth in reporting and the public’s right to know what could affect them were paramount to this true professional. “Government and the press are accountable to the people,” he would say with his trademark conviction.

Mitch had presence in any room he walked into. He had professionalism and class.

Mitch’s respect and influence in Macomb County were sought by countless political leaders over the years: U.S. Rep. Jim O’Hara, Senator Carl Levin, U.S. Rep. Sander Levin, U.S. Rep. Candice Martin and a string of governors from both parties. He was even appointed as a Trustee of Central Michigan University by Gov. James Blanchard.

Does anyone remember the White House press conference when Mitch asked President Reagan about the Genocide? Reagan’s response was a “yes,” confirming his proclamation on Armenian and Cambodian genocides. Add to that lunches at the White House, no matter who the President was.

In no uncertain terms, and for decades, Mitch would bring up congressional Genocide recognition to all those in the Michigan congressional delegation. His voice was heard. A most credible Michigan journalist spoke for past family members and his people.

Every April 24 when working and after retiring, Mitch would write an editorial about the Armenian Genocide.

If Mitch had a favorite among those in politics, it would be the Boniors. Ed Bonior was a local community activist, community leader and once mayor of East Detroit. His son US Rep. David Bonior was House of Representatives Democratic Majority Whip and a substantial leadership voice for the Armenian Cause for more than 20 years. He led the movement that one year saw the U.S. House pass the Genocide resolution. Mitch covered both for the Macomb paper. Mitch’s father and Ed Bonior were also lifelong friends, the foundation for a meaningful lifetime family relationship.

Although he had the opportunity to join the ranks of reporters in either of the larger Detroit Free Press or Detroit News publications, he preferred the small town papers. “I like small towns and small town personalities,” he would say. “It is more people-oriented. Reporting is about people, very recognizable and personal in small towns.”

In 2006, in recognition of 52 years as an outstanding newspaper reporter, editor, and leader in journalism, Mitch was awarded Wayne State University’s coveted Lifetime Achievement Award at the April 6 campus observance of Journalism Day. Being recognized in one’s profession—peer recognition—is the ultimate honor.

At the awards ceremony, Professor Ben Burns, director of the journalism program at Wayne State, praised Mitch’s career as a journalist, as one who practiced the tenets of truth in reporting and dedicated a lifespan in protecting the public’s right to know and serving the journalism community. “This award could very well be known as the Mitch Kehetian Award,” Burns concluded. In honoring Mitch, Burns addressed the newsman’s stellar service and leadership as president of the Detroit Chapter’s Society of Professional Journalists and Detroit Press Club.

Mitch said that the 52 years of his career placed him at the sidelines of community history (politics, business, social), and the award from Wayne State’s Department of Communication was an honor he treasured.

Mitch was named General Alexander Macomb Citizen of the Year by the March of Dimes in recognition of his support for the non-profit organization.

Funeral services for Mitch were held February 27 at St. Sarkis Church in Dearborn with Rev. Hrant Kevorkian officiating. In reflecting on his recent times with Mitch, Der Hayr noted, “During my weekly visits to Mitch in the past month, even at the time that he was weak, during our conversations, he kept passing along thoughts of Armenian American nationalistic spirit.” He continued, “I asked him what he thought and if he had something to say, and his response was: teach your children to be proud Armenian-Americans, take them to Armenia, let them know our history and heritage.”

“He asked me to make sure I pass his message to the AYF kids,” Der Hayr added. Sound advice from a former AYF chairman!

Mitch Kehetian: A profile of prestige and patriotism.

People like Mitch do not come along every day. We are thankful to have known him.

Harry Derderian is a native of Indian Orchard, Mass and resident of Farmington Hills, Mich. He is a member of the Marketing faculty at Eastern Michigan University as well as adjunct professor of marketing at University of Michigan-Dearborn and adjunct Professor of Business at Schoolcraft Community College.




Young Professionals Gather to Support Elen Asatryan’s Bid for Democratic County Central Committee


GLENDALE—An energetic and excited crowd of young professionals convened in support of their mentor, colleague, fellow community activist and dear friend Elen Asatryan’s candidacy for Los Angeles County’s Democratic Central Committee. The event was held on Monday, February 24 at Eden on Brand’s chic rooftop bar.

The event was hosted by three of Asatryan’s former interns and mentees: Talar Khrlobian, Tatev Oganyan, and Tamar Thomassian. The three women are all accomplished professionals and leaders in their respective communities and all three credit Asatryan for providing unparalleled mentorship and coaching throughout their respective political advocacy, legal, and marketing careers. While more than a decade has passed since the three first met Elen, they have worked with her throughout the years on various causes and initiatives and are now, more than ever, inspired by Elen’s unwavering commitment to engaging civic participation in the community through her campaign.

Tatev Oganyan welcomed and thanked the guests for their continued support throughout Asatryan’s campaign, which kicked off on December 26, 2019. Oganyan, Khrlobian, and Thomassian each took to the microphone and voiced their admiration of Elen’s dedication to forging a truly inclusive Democratic Party that best reflects and advocates for its diverse constituency.

“Elen has this incredible talent to ignite a fire in all of us. Just looking around the room at all these people who have come together shows you how far her reach truly is. There is no limit to where Elen is going and I encourage you all to be part of her journey,” stated former ANCA-Glendale 2008 intern and now campaign manager/attorney Tatev Oganyan.

From left: Tamar Thomassian, Tatev Oganyan, Elen Asatryan, and Talar Khrlobian

“I was really shy back in the day, and Elen took me out of my comfort zone. She is one of those people that pushes you. She will expand her resources to everybody. She will be fearless, she will care about our community, and she will take us to the next level and where we need to be,” expressed former ANCA-Glendale 2007 intern and now law student/real estate specialist Tamar Thomassian.

“I am a testament to Elen empowering young women to become stronger women. I was 15 when I walked into her office with my mom for my interview and I remember through that process her empowering me to go to my interviews alone and eventually having the confidence to face every milestone, in my career and my personal life, with the confidence to know that I could walk into a room without needing anything but myself and being okay with that,” shared former ANCA-Glendale 2008 intern and now business unit director Talar Khrlobian.

Asatryan was then invited to speak to the crowd who had all been mingling and sharing their personal connections with Elen, her work, and advocacy.

“I can’t help but feel a little emotional as I look around the room,” remarked Asatryan. “Many of you came through my office doors as interns and I have had the privilege of watching you all embark on successful careers and in turn become trailblazers in your communities. Your support means so much and I truly feel humbled that you are all helping my efforts to serve on a committee that I regard as crucially important for the future of our Democratic Party.”

Asatryan has been attending numerous hosted gatherings, both at the homes of supporters as well as in local coffee shops across the neighborhoods she frequents. Asatryan is committed to bolstering dialogue among not just herself and the attendees but among the attendees who might only be meeting one another for the first time.

The event served as the campaign’s final hosted gathering, though its buzz is still circulating on social media. Asatryan’s campaign staff and volunteers are actively canvassing and phone-banking during the stretch of active voting, which concludes on Tuesday, March 3 at 8:00 p.m. To help get the vote out, sign up or stop by the campaign headquarters at 440 W. Colorado St., Suite 211 in Glendale from 11:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m. daily.

The election for the Democratic County Central Committee will take place on March 3. Early voting started on February 22 at 1,000 vote centers across L.A. County. Registered Democrats residing in State Assembly District 43 will see Asatryan’s name on their ballot.

For voters who have selected the option to vote by mail, ballots started arriving in mailboxes as of February 4. Elen Asatryan’s name may be found on page 3, 4, or 5 of the ballot.

For those not yet registered to vote, same-day voter registration is available in person at any vote center between February 22 to March 3. To register to vote, update voter information and political party preference, request a vote by mail ballot, or find your nearest vote center visit the website.

The DCCC is the official governing body of the Democratic Party in Los Angeles County. It is also the largest local Democratic Party entity in the United States, representing nearly 2.7 million Democrats in the 88 cities and the unincorporated areas of Los Angeles County – a population larger than 42 individual states.

The 43rd State Assembly District encompasses the cities of Burbank, Glendale, La Cañada Flintridge, La Crescenta-Montrose, and parts of Los Angeles including Hollywood Hills, East Hollywood, Little Armenia, Franklin Hills, Los Feliz, Silver Lake, and Atwater Village (90027, 90029, 90068 and most of 90039).

To learn more about, get involved in, and contribute to Asatryan’s campaign, visit the campaign’s website. For up to the minute updates, follow the campaign’s social media accounts on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter @ElectElen.

The United States Needs to Declare War on Proxies

The Foreign Policy
Feb 27 2020
 
 
 
The most important takeaway from the killing of Qassem Suleimani doesn’t just have to do with Iran.
 
By Svante E. Cornell, Brenda Shaffer | , 5:34 AM
A demonstrator holds a flag of the self-proclaimed Donetsk People’s Republic as he is carried by fellow activists dressed as zombies outside the Ukrainian parliament in Kiev on March 17, 2015. SERGEI SUPINSKY/AFP via Getty Images
 
There has been no shortage of debate about the killing of Iranian military commander Qassem Suleimani and its effects on U.S. foreign policy toward Iran and the broader Middle East. Not nearly enough has been said about whether it can broadly serve as a model for dealing with the problems posed by proxy forces elsewhere in the world.
 
By killing Suleimani, the United States indicated it would no longer tolerate Iran’s use of proxies to circumvent its responsibility for killing Americans and for other acts of terrorism and mass bloodshed. Washington decided to deal with the source of the terrorism, not its emissaries. The same principle should apply to the many proxy regimes established by various states—Russia most prominently—to circumvent responsibility for illegal military occupations.
 
Countries around the world are increasingly realizing that the most convenient way to occupy foreign territories is to set up a proxy with the ceremonial trappings of a state, including governments, parliaments, and flags. Why go through all that trouble? Because the norms of the liberal international order, which outlaw changing boundaries by force, risk leading to sanctions for the perpetrator state. Creating a proxy regime generates a convenient falsehood that obfuscates reality and helps states evade such consequences.
 
The most systematic user of this tactic is Russia. Since the early 1990s, it has manipulated ethnic conflicts in three different states and helped set up nominally independent entities over which it exerts control. Moscow’s practice began in Moldova’s Transnistria region and in two breakaway territories of Georgia, Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Following Vladimir Putin’s consolidation of power in the early 2000s, the Kremlin’s control of these territories became tighter. Putin appointed Russian military and security officials to ministerial positions in the governing structures of these territories, indicating their direct subordination to Russia. Following its 2008 war with Georgia, Russia established permanent military bases in Abkhazia and South Ossetia and formally recognized the independence of the two territories. This allowed Moscow to create a fictive legal basis for its military presence, based on so-called interstate agreements it signed with its proxies.
 
But until the 2008 war, the United States and European Union treated Russia like an arbiter in these conflicts, long after it was clear it was in fact a party to them. Twice a year, for example, Western powers approved extensions to the U.N. monitoring mission in the Abkhazia conflict that included overt praise for a Russian “peacekeeping” force that in fact was part of Moscow’s effort to shore up Abkhazia’s separation from Georgia. Even today, only rarely do Western powers refer to these lands as what they are: occupied territories.
 
Moscow’s tactic proved so successful in undermining the statehood of Georgia and Moldova that the Kremlin decided to use the same tactic in eastern Ukraine. And it worked: Contrast the international reaction to any of these conflicts with Moscow’s invasion of Crimea. Unlike these other cases, Moscow annexed Crimea outright, thereby accepting responsibility for its actions. This led to serious sanctions that remain in force to this day. But where Moscow hid behind the fiction of a “Donetsk People’s Republic,” which it created from thin air, it has largely escaped those consequences.
 
Similarly, Armenia not only occupied a sixth of Azerbaijan’s territory in the war in the early 1990s but evicted 700,000 occupants of these lands. But Armenia is subject to no sanctions whatsoever, mainly because Yerevan hides behind the fiction that it is not really a party to the conflict at all but that the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh is. Never mind that Nagorno-Karabakh’s two most prominent leaders went on to serve as Armenia’s presidents for 20 years and that other senior officials rotate seamlessly between Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh. The entity’s most recent foreign minister was an Armenian diplomat for several decades, and on completion of his term in Nagorno-Karabakh, he returned to the Foreign Ministry in Yerevan. Likewise, Armenia’s deputy chief of the general staff was immediately appointed to serve as the defense minister of Nagorno-Karabakh in 2015. As in Russia’s case, the fiction of a proxy regime seems enough to achieve impunity. Even a considerable Armenian effort to build settlements in the occupied territories has led to a yawn in the international community.
 
Still, the United States has entertained the notion that Nagorno-Karabakh is somehow separate from Armenia. The U.S. Justice Department record of foreign agents in the United States lists “Nagorno Karabakh” and allows the so-called “Nagorno Karabakh Republic” to present itself as a foreign government and not listed under the Armenia filing. Several members of the U.S. Congress host meetings with the proxy representatives, often visit the region and hold direct meetings with Armenians from the occupied territory, and some even refer to Nagorno-Karabakh as a state. Few, if any, Western leaders point out the exchange of personnel between Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh, let alone impose any consequences for it.
 
Through establishing proxies, occupying states succeed to not be labeled as such. U.S. officials rarely mention Armenia’s occupation of Nagorno-Karabakh or Russia’s occupation of Abkhazia and Transnistria the way they refer to Russia’s occupation of Crimea or Israel’s occupation of the Golan Heights. U.S. government-funded media broadcasts like Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty use awkward wording to avoid saying directly that Armenia’s forces occupy Nagorno-Karabakh: The “region has been under the control of ethnic-Armenian forces that Azerbaijan says include troops supplied by Armenia” and “Armenia-backed separatist forces,” ignoring the fact that they are official units of the military of Armenia and that Armenia’s press regularly reports that Armenian soldiers are killed in skirmishes in the conflict zone. The U.S. government-sponsored broadcasts also avert stating that Moscow occupies regions of Ukraine and Georgia, preferring “Moscow-backed separatists in Ukraine’s eastern regions of Donetsk” and “Moscow-backed breakaway Georgian regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia.”
 
Why this double standard? Maybe because the United States, EU, and the international system writ large are happy to have an easy way out. If accepting the fiction of a proxy helps reduce the load on their policy agenda, they appear happy to do so. The U.S. State Department does not challenge these fictions. It is a convenient non-truth that removes the issues from the State Department’s policy agenda. In Europe, however, the European Court of Human Rights has established that Russia exerts “effective control” in Transnistria and that Armenia does so in Nagorno-Karabakh. The EU has yet to allow these determinations to guide its policies, but at least, key institutions have begun to question the fiction of the proxy regimes.
 
Why do proxies matter? Are they not just one of the many inequities in international politics that, while regrettable, are just a fact a of life? There are two key reasons the United States should pay more attention to this problem. First, the fiction of proxies has directly caused greater instability in areas important to U.S. national interests. And second, they effectively serve to make conflict resolution impossible.

The danger of the use of proxies is that its effectiveness has made it increasingly popular. When weighing options in Ukraine in 2014 and onward, Putin no doubt operated on the basis of the Russian experience in Georgia and Moldova: Setting up proxies in eastern Ukraine would achieve the goal of undermining Ukraine and blocking its move toward NATO while carrying few costs for Russia. While Putin may have underestimated the tenacity of the U.S.-led sanctions regime, his calculation was essentially correct. Thus, because the West tolerated the proxy fiction in small states like Georgia and Moldova, it now has to deal with a threat to a much larger European state. If that works, the strategy will be used elsewhere, too.

Further, if the proxy model is allowed to continue, others will copy it. What is to stop Israel from telling the Palestinians to talk to the “Republic of Judea and Samaria” any time they have a problem with soldiers or settlers in the West Bank? Perhaps Israel would have spared itself a lot of headaches if it had declared a so-called independent state in the occupied territories. Why should Myanmar not blame Rakhine forces for the killing of Rohingya and thus evade international responsibility as a sovereign? It works for Russia and Armenia.

Similarly, the proxy fiction by design makes conflict resolution impossible. Whenever there is pressure on Armenia to make concessions in its conflict with Azerbaijan, for example, Armenian leaders emphasize that negotiations should really be held with the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh, thus evading responsibility for their military occupation—and escaping any consequences for it. The fact that Armenia is not willing to even admit that its forces are actively at war with Azerbaijan is not a basis for confidence-building in the peace process.

The proxies also facilitate illicit activity. With no state formally acknowledging its control and therefore responsibility for activity in the proxy regimes, these regions have become centers of human trafficking, money laundering, and counterfeit goods production. They are also likely locations of sanctions violations, for Russia and for Iran.

In the Middle East, the Trump administration understood that Iran’s use of proxies was helping it undermine U.S. interests and the stability of a half-dozen states in its neighborhood. It is now working to put an end to this subterfuge. The time has now come for Washington to take steps to call the bluff in Eurasia as well and stop effectively rewarding the use of proxies that undermine conflict resolution efforts and the stability of key U.S. partners.

Svante Cornell is the director of the American Foreign Policy Council’s Central Asia-Caucasus Institute and co-founder of the Institute for Security and Development Policy. Cornell is the author, with Brenda Shaffer, of the report “Occupied Elsewhere: Selective Policies on Occupations, Protracted Conflicts, and Territorial Disputes,” published by the Foundation for Defense of Democracies.

Brenda Shaffer is a visiting researcher at Georgetown University. Shaffer is the author, with Svante Cornell, of the report “Occupied Elsewhere: Selective Policies on Occupations, Protracted Conflicts, and Territorial Disputes,” published by the Foundation for Defense of Democracies.


Employees of Armenia’s AIDS Prevention Center protest outside government building

Panorama, Armenia
Feb 27 2020

A group of employees of the National Centre for AIDS Prevention of Armenia are staging a protest outside the government building.

The move comes after the Armenian government adopted a decision to merge the National Centre for AIDS Prevention SNCO at the Health Ministry with Nork Infection Clinical Hospital at a meeting on 30 January. Afterwards, the center’s employees addressed an open letter to Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan.

The employees demand a professional discussion on the matter, arguing the head of the government has been misinformed on the activity of the center.

“We want to present our concerns to the prime minister in detail. We are afraid that the problem had not been presented to him properly. That’s why we have gathered here today,” one of the protesters said, asking the premier to meet them and listen to the opinion of the center’s experts.

They claim there are numerous issues, concerns and disagreements which need to be addressed during a discussion.

They dismiss the Health Ministry’s arguments on merging the AIDS Prevention Center with the hospital as ‘groundless’.

How Azerbaijan, Armenia and Georgia are reacting to coronavirus

Vestnik Kavkaza
Feb 27 2020

27 Feb in 5:00 JAMnews

An outbreak of the coronavirus in Iran has fundamentally changed the situation in the Caucasus, a region bordering Iran. The governments of Armenia and Georgia have closed land and air links with Iran. Azerbaijan, which is linked to Iran more than others, is in no hurry to close the border. AMnews reports in its article Coronavirus approaches the Caucasus – how Azerbaijan, Armenia and Georgia are reacting on how the countries of the South Caucasus have reacted to the approach of the coronavirus to their borders.

Azerbaijan – border with Iran remains open 

Azerbaijan is the only country in the South Caucasus that so far has not closed its border with its land neighbor, Iran. Between these countries there is a large passenger flow.  In 2019, almost half of all Azerbaijani citizens traveling abroad went to Iran. Many go for treatment, for trading or on pilgrimages to Muslim shrines. Many tourists come from Iran to Azerbaijan as well. There are direct flights from Azerbaijan to Iran by air to Tabriz and Tehran. There are several checkpoints by land and air. 

At present, land and air traffic between Iran and Azerbaijan continues, although customs checks, including sanitary checks, and disinfection are carried out at customs. “All livestock products are removed without factory packaging and which have not undergone heat treatment.  The import of meat products in baggage is prohibited,” said Natig Akhundov, representative of the Azerbaijani Customs Committee. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan recommends that the public be extremely careful when traveling to Iran, follow the instructions of local authorities, and if problems arise, to contact the Azerbaijani Embassy. The main infectious disease specialist of Azerbaijan, Jalal Isaev, advises that people refrain to travel to Iran for the moment. Azerbaijani economist Gubad Ibadoglu predicts that the spread of coronavirus in Iran will also negatively affect the economy of Azerbaijan.

Armenia closed the border with Iran – but not entirely 

 Armenia, which also borders directly with Iran in the south, closed the border with this country for two weeks on February 23. It has limited, but not completely canceled, air traffic between the two countries. This decision was made on the recommendation of the national commission to prevent the spread of the coronavirus. Economically, this is a difficult decision for Armenia, as now this country has only one open border – with Georgia. The country’s Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan explained in detail on his Facebook page the decision, writing that a closed border will not interfere with the transport of goods with Iran. They will be implemented without restrictions, only truck drivers will be more thoroughly checked when crossing the border. The Prime Minister of Armenia officially stated that so far there are no people infected with the virus in the country, and there are “all the necessary technical and professional resources for an accurate diagnosis”. Pashinyan said that within two weeks, the Armenian government intends to work closely with the Iranian government, to analyze information on the extent of the spread of the coronavirus and to clarify further actions.

Georgia – empty planes flying from Iran

Georgia does not have a land border with Iran, but there are close economic and tourist relations between these countries. In 2019, about 140,000 Iranians visited Georgia. Every week, 14 flights to Iran fly from Georgian airports. According to the decision of the Government of Georgia, since February 23, air traffic has been limited.  In particular, the import of passengers from Iran to Georgia and vice versa has been suspended. The Georgian government is asking citizens to refrain from traveling to Iran. In order for tourists from Iran who are in Georgia to return to their homeland, airlines will deliver empty planes to Georgia without passengers, with whom they will take the tourists back home.

The first empty flight has already arrived in Georgia from Tehran.  About 130 Iranians left Tbilisi by this plane. As they say in the Tbilisi  international airport, Tbilisi is waiting for several more empty planes from Iran. “The Georgian government is monitoring the development of the situation, and also continues to work with Armenia and Azerbaijan.  In the future, if such a need arises, we cannot exclude the restriction of movement across the land border. The Georgian government has already warned Georgian citizens that they should refrain from traveling to Iran, and citizens who are in Iran can contact the Georgian embassy if necessary,” the Georgian government said in a statement.

Information on the situation in Iran has changed the rhetoric of representatives of the Ministry of Health of this country, who say that in Georgia, the risk of the virus spreading remains low, but “definitely it is necessary to increase preventive measures, since Iran is close at hand,” Georgian experts say. According to the director of the Center for Disease Control Amiran Gamkrelidze, in connection with the coronavirus, Tehran poses a greater danger to Georgia than China.

Armenia’s PM urges people working in state system but not happy with present authorities find another occupation

Aysor, Armenia
Feb 27 2020

Armenia’s Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan stated at the cabinet sitting today that he is worried with the index of entrepreneurship in Armenia.

“Best conditions must be established in Armenia’s business environment,” he said, adding that the first principle of the state management system must be not to impede where it is possible to help.

Pashinyan stressed about the existence of people not happy with the present authorities and still working in the state system waiting for an occasion to split their evil.

“It is necessary to find such people and let them breathe fresh air and find another occupation,” he said.

“We have stated that we are not going to clean the system, I say go and deal with other things, you may even start opposition activity, which is quite beneficial today,” the premier said.


  

Russia interested in pro-Russian forces to have weighty role in Armenia’s domestic political life: Kopirkin

Aysor, Armenia
Feb 27 2020

Russia is very cautious and careful toward the political developments taking place in Armenia, Russia’s ambassador Sergey Kopirkin told the reporters today.

“We are interested in stability here, wide public consensus and for the forces realizing the significance of the Russian-Armenian relations, strategic partnership play a weighty role in Armenia’s domestic political life,” Kopirkin said.